The hippocampus and the flexible use and processing of language

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Volumn , Issue APRIL 2012, 2012, Pages

  Duf, Melissa C ^a,b   Brown Schmidt, Sarah ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF IOWA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF IOWA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

Amnesia; Declarative memory; Discourse; Hippocampus; Language processing

Indexed keywords

AMNESIA; ARTICLE; BRAIN FUNCTION; CONVERSATION; DECLARATIVE MEMORY; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; HIPPOCAMPUS; HUMAN; LANGUAGE PROCESSING; LEARNING TEST; LONG TERM MEMORY; MEMORY CONSOLIDATION; MENTAL TASK; NEUROPHYSIOLOGY; SEMANTIC MEMORY; SPEECH ANALYSIS; WORKING MEMORY;

EID: 84933671047     PISSN: 16625161     EISSN: 16625161     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (159)

1. Allopenna, P. D., Magnuson, J. S., and Tanenhaus, M. K. (1998). Tracking the time course of spoken word recognition: evidence for continuous mapping models. J. Mem. Lang. 38, 419-439.
2. Altmann, G. T. M., and Kamide, Y. (1999). Incremental interpretation at verbs: restricting the domain of subsequent reference. Cognition 73, 247-264.
3. Altmann, G. T. M., and Kamide, Y. (2007). The real-time mediation of visual attention by language and world knowledge: linking anticipatory (and other) eye movements to linguistic processing. J. Mem. Lang. 57, 502-518.
4. Altmann, G. T. M., and Kamide, Y. (2009). Discourse-mediation of the mapping between language and the visual world: eye movements and mental representation. Cognition 111, 55-71.
5. Alvarez, P., and Squire, L. R. (1994). Memory consolidation and the medial temporal lobe: a simple network model. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 7041-7045
6. Babel, M. E. (2009). Phonetic and Social Selectivity in Speech Accommodation. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, UC Berkeley, CA.
7. Bailly, G., and Lelong, A. (2010). Speech Dominoes and Phonetic Convergence. Presented at Interspeech. Tokyo, Japan.
8. Bakhtin, M. (1986). Speech Genres and Other Late Essays. Austin: University of Texas Press.
9. Barense, M. D., Gaffan, D., and Graham, K. S. (2007). The human medial temporal lobe processes online representations of complex objects. Neuropsychologia 45, 2963-297.
10. Bayley, P., and Squire, L. (2002). Medial temporal lobe amnesia: gradual acquisition of factual information by nondeclarative memory. J. Neurosci. 22, 5741-5748.
11. Bayley, P., and Squire, L. (2005). Failure to acquire new semantic knowledge in patients with large medial temporal lobe lesions. Hippocampus 15, 273-280.
12. Bock, J. K. (1986). Syntactic persistence in language production. Cogn. Psychol. 18, 355-387.
13. Bock, K. (1989). Closed-class immanence in sentence production. Cognition 31, 163-186.
14. Branigan, H. P., Pickering, M. J., and Cleland, A. A. (2000). Syntactic coordination in dialogue. Cognition 75, B13-B25.
15. Branigan, H. P., Pickering, M. J., McLean, J. F., and Cleland, A. A. (2007). Participant role and syntactic alignment in dialogue. Cognition 104, 163-197.
16. Brennan, S. E., and Clark, H. H. (1996). Conceptual pacts and lexical choice in conversation. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 22, 1482-1493.
17. Bristol, A., and Viskontas, I. (2006). "Dynamic processes within associative memory stores," in Creativity and Reason in Cognitive Development, eds J. Kaufman and J. Baer (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press) 60-80.
18. Brown-Schmidt, S. (2009a). Partner-specific interpretation of maintained referential precedents during interactive dialog. J. Mem. Lang. 61, 171-190.
19. Brown-Schmidt, S. (2009b). The role of executive function in perspective-taking during on-line language comprehension. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 16, 893-900.
20. Brown-Schmidt, S. (2012). Beyond common and privileged: gradient representations of common ground in real-time language use. Lang. Cogn. Process. 27, 62-89.
21. Brown-Schmidt, S., Gunlogson, C., and Tanenhaus, M. K. (2008). Addressees distinguish shared from private information when interpreting questions during interactive conversation. Cognition 107, 1122-1134.
22. Caplan, D., and Waters, G. (1999). Verbal working memory and sentence comprehension. Behav. Brain Sci. 22, 77:94.
23. Chambers, C. G., Tanenhaus, M. K., Eberhard, K. M., Filip, H., and Carlson, G. N. (2002). Circumscribing referential domains during real-time sentence comprehension. J. Mem. Lang. 47, 30-49.
24. Chartrand, T. L., and Bargh, J. A. (1999). The chameleon effect: the perception-behavior link and social interaction. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 76, 893-910.
25. Clark, H. H. (1992). Arenas of Language Use. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
26. Clark, H. H. (1996). Using Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
27. Clark, H. H., and Krych, M. A. (2004). Speaking while monitoring addressees for understanding. J. Mem. Lang. 50, 62-81.
28. Clark, H. H., and Marshall, C. R. (1978). "Reference diaries," in Theoretical Issues in Natural Language Processing, Vol. 2, ed D. L. Waltz (New York, NY: Association for Computing Machinery), 57-63.
29. Clark, H. H., and Marshall, C. R. (1981). "Definite reference and mutual knowledge," in Elements of Discourse Understanding, eds A. K. Joshi, B. L.Webber, and I. A. Sag, (Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press), 10-63.
30. Clark, H. H., and Wilkes-Gibbs, D. (1986). Referring as a collaborative process. Cognition 22, 1-39.
31. Cohen, N. J. (1984). "Preserved learning capacity in amnesia: evidence for multiple memory systems," in The Neuropsychology of Memory, eds N. Butters and L. Squire (New York, NY: Guilford Press), 83-103.
32. Cohen, N. J., and Eichenbaum, H. (1993). Memory, Amnesia and the Hippocampal System. Cambridge, MA.: MIT Press.
33. Cohen, N. J., and Squire, L. R. (1980). Preserved learning and retention of a pattern-analyzing skill in amnesia: dissociation of knowing how and knowing that. Science 210, 207-210.
34. Corkin, S. (1984). Lasting consequences of bilateral medial temporal lobectomy: clinical course and experimental findings in H.M. Semin. Neurol. 4, 249-259.
35. Crystal, D. (1998). Language Play. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
36. Dahan, D., Drucker, S. J., and Scarborough, R. A. (2008). Talker adaptation in speech perception: adjusting the signal or the representations? Cognition 108, 710-718.
37. Damasio, A. R. (2001). "Some notes on brain, imagination, and creativity," in The Origins of Creativity, eds K. H. Pfenninger and V. R. Shubik (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 59-68.
38. Daneman, M., and Carpenter, P. A. (1980). Individual differences in working memory and reading. J. Verb. Learn. Verb. Behav. 19, 450-466.
39. Daneman, M., and Carpenter, P. A. (1983). Individual differences in integrating information between and within sentences. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 9, 561-584.
40. Davachi, L. (2006). Item, context, and relational episodic encoding in humans. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 16, 693-700
41. Davis, M. H., and Gaskell, M. G. (2009). A complementary systems account of word learning: neural and behavioural evidence. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 364, 3773-3800.
42. DeLong, K. A., Urbach, T. P., and Kutas, M. (2005). Probabilistic word pre-activation during language comprehension inferred from electrical brain activity. Nat. Neurosci. 8, 1117-1121.
43. Duff, M. C., Ballard, K., Bachelder, B., and Tranel, D. (2009). Reported Speech in Patients with Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Damage. Poster presentation at the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA), New Orleans, LA.
44. Duff, M. C., Gupta, R., Hengst, J., Tranel, D., and Cohen, N. J. (2011). The use of definite references signals declarative memory: evidence from hippocampal amnesia. Psychol. Sci. 22, 666-673.
45. Duff, M. C., Hengst, J., Tengshe, C., Krema, A., Tranel, D., and Cohen, N. J. (2008a). Hippocampal amnesia disrupts the flexible use of procedural discourse in social interaction. Aphasiology 22, 1-15.
46. Duff, M. C., Hengst, J., Tranel, D., and Cohen, N. J. (2006). Development of shared information in communication despite hip-pocampal amnesia. Nat. Neurosci. 9, 140-146.
47. Duff, M. C., Hengst, J., Tranel, D., and Cohen, N. J. (2007). Talking across time: using reported speech as a communicative resource in amnesia. Aphasiology 21, 1-14.
48. Duff, M. C., Hengst, J., Tranel, D., and Cohen, N. J. (2008b). Collaborative discourse facilitates efficient communication and new learning in amnesia. Brain Lang. 106, 41-54.
49. Duff, M. C., Hengst, J., Tranel, D., and Cohen, N. J. (2009). Hippocampal amnesia disrupts verbal play and the creative use of language in social interaction. Aphasiology 23, 926-939.
50. Duff, M. C., Rubin, R., Bachelder, B., Cohen, N. J., and Tranel, D. (2009). Hippocampal Amnesia Impairs Creative Thinking. Poster presentation at the Society for Neuroscience Conference, Chicago, IL.
51. Dusek, J., and Eichenbaum, H. (1997). The hippocampus and memory for orderlystimulus relations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 13, 7109-7114.
52. Eberhard, K. M., Spivey-Knowlton, M. J., Sedivy, J. C., and Tanenhaus, M. K. (1995). Eye-movements as a window into spoken language comprehension in natural contexts. J. Psycholinguist. Res. 24, 409-436.
53. Eichenbaum, H., and Cohen, N. J. (2001). From Conditioning to Conscious Recollection: Memory Systems of the Brain. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
54. Evans, B. G., Iverson, P. (2003). "Vowel normalization for accent: a comparison of northern and southern British English speakers," in Proceedings of the 15th International Conference of Phonetic Sciences. Barcelona.
55. Federmeier, K. D. (2007). Thinking ahead: the role and roots of prediction in language comprehension. Psychophysiology 44, 491-505.
56. Federmeier, K. D., and Kutas, M. (1999). A rose by any other name: long-term memory structure and sentence processing. J. Mem. Lang. 41, 469-495.
57. Ferreira, V. S., Bock, K., Wilson, M., and Cohen, N. J. (2008). Memory for syntax despite amnesia. Psychol. Sci. 19, 940-946.
58. Fussell, S. R., and Krauss, R. M. (1989). Understanding friends and strangers: the effects of audience design on message comprehension. Eur. J. Soc. Psychol. 19, 509-525.
59. Fussell, S. R., and Krauss, R. M. (1992). Coordination of knowledge in communication: effects of speakers' assumptions about what others know. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 62, 378-391.
60. Gabrieli, J. D. E. (1998). Cognitive neu-roscience of human memory. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 49, 87-115.
61. Gabrieli, J. D., Cohen, N. J., and Corkin, S. (1988). The impaired learning of semantic knowledge following bilateral medial temporal-lobe resection. Special issue: single-case studies in amnesia: theoretical advances. Brain Cogn. 7, 157-177.
62. Garrod, S., and Anderson, A. (1987). Saying what you mean in dialogue: a study in conceptual and semantic co-ordination. Cognition 27, 181-218.
63. Garrod, S., and Doherty, G. (1994). Conversation, co-ordination and convention: an empirical investigation of how groups establish linguistic conventions. Cognition 53, 181-215.
64. Goldinger, S. D. (1998).Echoes of echoes? An episodic theory of lexical access. Psychol. Rev. 105, 251-279.
65. Gries, S. (2005). Syntactic priming: a corpus-based approach. J. Psycholinguist. Res. 34, 365-399.
66. Griffin, Z. M., and Bock, J. K. (2000). What the eyes say about speaking. Psychol. Sci. 11, 274-279.
67. Gupta, P. (2011). "Word learning as the confluence of memory mechanisms: Computational and neural evidence," in The Handbook of the Neuropsychology of Language, ed M. Faust (UK: Wiley-Blackwell).
68. Gupta, P., and Tisdale, J. (2009). Word learning, phonological short-term memory, phonotactic probability and long-term memory: towards an integrated framework. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Soc. 364, 3755-3771.
69. Gupta, R., Tranel, D., and Duff, M. C. (2012). Ventromedial prefrontal cortex damage does not impair the development and use of common ground in social interaction: implications for cognitive theory of mind. Neuropsychologia 50, 145-152.
70. Hanna, J. E., Tanenhaus, M. K., and Trueswell, J. C. (2003). The effects of common ground and perspective on domains of referential interpretation. J. Mem. Lang. 49, 43-61.
71. Hannula, D., and Ranganath, C. (2008). Medial temporal lobe activity predicts successful relational memory binding. J. Neurosci. 28, 116-124.
72. Hannula, D., Tranel, D., and Cohen, N. J. (2006). The long and the short of it: relational memory impairments in amnesia, even at short lags. J. Neurosci. 26, 8352-8259.
73. Haywood, S., Pickering, M. J., and Branigan, H. P. (2005). Do speakers avoid ambiguity in dialogue? Psychol. Sci. 16, 362-366.
74. Heller, D., Grodner, D., and Tanenhaus, M. K. (2008). The role of perspective in identifying domains of reference. Cognition 108, 831-836.
75. Holle, H., and Gunter, T. C. (2007). The role of iconic gestures in speech disambiguation: ERP evidence. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 19, 1175-1192.
76. Horton, W. S., and Keysar, B. (1996). When do speakers take into account common ground? Cognition 59, 91-117.
77. Issacs, E. A., and Clark, H. H. (1987). References in conversation between experts and novices. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 116, 26-37.
78. Just, M. A., and Carpenter, P. A. (1992). A capacity theory of comprehension: individual differences in working memory. Psychol. Rev. 99, 122-149.
79. Just, M. A., Carpenter, P. A., and Keller, T. A. (1996). The capacity theory of comprehension: new frontiers of evidence and arguments. Psychol. Rev. 103, 773-780.
80. Kamide, Y., Altmann, G. T. M., and Haywood, S. L. (2003). The time-course of prediction in incremental sentence processing: evidence from anticipatory eye movements. J. Mem. Lang. 49, 133-159.
81. Kendon, A. (1970). Movement coordination in social interactions. Acta Psychol. (Amst.) 32, 101-125.
82. Knowlton, B., Ramus, S., and Squire, L. (1992). Intact artificial grammar learning in amnesia: dissociation of classification learning and explicit memory for specific instances. Psychol. Sci. 3, 172-179.
83. Knowlton, B. J., and Squire, L. R. (1994). The information acquired during artificial grammar learning. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 20, 79-91.
84. Knowlton, B. J., and Squire, L. R. (1996). Artificial grammar learning depends on implicit acquisition of both rule-based and exemplar-specific information. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 22, 169-181.
85. Konkel, A., Warren, D. E., Duff, M. C., Tranel, D., and Cohen, N. J. (2008). Hippocampal amnesia impairs all manner of relational memory. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 2:15. Doi: 10.3389/neuro.09.015.2008
86. Kraljic, T., and Samuel, A. G. (2006). Generalization in perceptual learning for speech. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 13, 262-268.
87. Kraljic, T., and Samuel, A. G. (2007). Perceptual adjustments to multiple speakers. J. Mem. Lang. 56, 1-15.
88. Krauss, R. M., and Weinheimer, S. (1964). Changes in reference phrases as a function of frequency of usage in social interactions. Psychon. Sci. 1, 113-114.
89. Krauss, R. M., and Weinheimer, S. (1966). Concurrent feedback, confirmation, and the encoding of referents in verbal communication. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 4, 343-346.
90. Kurczek, J., and Duff, M. C. (2011). Cohesion, coherence, and declarative memory: discourse patterns of patients with hippocampal amnesia. Aphasiology 25, 700-712.
91. Lackner, J. R. (1974). Observations on the speech processing capabilities of an amnesic patient: several aspects of H.M.'s language function. Neuropsychologica 12, 199-207.
92. LaFrance, M. (1979). Nonverbal synchrony and rapport: analysis by the cross-lag panel technique. Soc. Psychol. Q. 42, 66-70.
93. LaFrance, M., and Broadbent, M. (1976). Group rapport: posture sharing as a nonverbal indicator. Group Org. Stud. 1, 328-333.
94. Landragin, F. (2006). Visual perception, language and gesture: a model for their understanding in multimodal dialog systems. Signal Process. 86, 3578-3595.
95. Levelt, W. J. M. (1989). Speaking: From Intention to Articulation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
96. Levelt, W. J. M., and Kelter, S. (1982). Surface form and memory in question answering. Cogn. Psychol. 14, 78-106.
97. Liberman, A. M., Cooper, F. S., Shankweiler, D. S., and Studdert-Kennedy, M. (1967). Perception of the speech code. Psychol. Rev. 74, 431-461.
98. Lin, S., Keysar, B., and Epley, N. (2010). Reflexively mindblind: using theory of mind to interpret behavior requires effortful attention. J. Exp. Soc. Psychol. 46, 551-556.
99. MacDonald, M. C., and Christiansen, M. H. (2002). Reassessing working memory: comment on Just and Carpenter (1992) and Waters and Caplan (2002). Psychol. Rev. 109, 35-54.
100. MacKay, D. G., Burke, D. M., and Stewart, R. (1998a). H.M.'s language production deficits: implications for relations between memory, semantic binding, and the hippocam-pal system. J. Mem. Lang. 38, 28-69.
101. MacKay, D. G., Stewart, R., and Burke, D. M. (1998b). H.M. revisited: relations between language, comprehension, memory and the hip-pocampal system. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 10, 377-394.
102. Manns, J., Hopkins, R., and Squire, L. (2003). Semantic memory and the human hippocampus. Neuron 38, 127-133.
103. Maurer, D., Pathman, T., and Mondloch, C. J. (2006). The shape of boubas: sound-shape correspondences in toddlers and adults. Dev. Sci. 9, 316-322.
104. Maybin, J., and Swann, J. (2007). Everyday creativity in language: tex-tuality, contextuality and critique. Appl. Linguist. 28, 497-517.
105. Maye, J., Aslin, R. N., and Tanenhaus, M. K. (2008). The weckud wetch of the wast: lexical adaptation to a novel accent. Cogn. Sci. 32, 543-562.
106. McCarthy, M. (1998). Spoken Language and Applied Linguistics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
107. McClelland, J. L., McNaughton, B. L., and O'Reilly, R. C. (1995). Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: insights from the successes and failures of connection-ist models of learning and memory. Psychol. Rev. 102, 419-457.
108. Meyer, A. S. (2004). "The use of eye tracking in studies of sentence generation," in The Integration of Language, Vision, and Action: Eye Movements and the Visual World, eds F. Ferreira and J. Henderson (New York, NY: Psychology Press), 191-211.
109. Meyer, A. S., Sleiderink, A., and Levelt, W. J. M. (1998). Viewing and naming objects: eye movements during noun phrase production. Cognition 66, B25-B33.
110. Milner, B., Corkin, S., and Teuber, H. L. (1968). Further analysis of the hippocampal amnesic syndrome: a 14-year follow up study of H.M. Neuropsychologia 6, 215-234.
111. Nilsen, E. S., and Graham, S. A. (2009). The relations between children's communicative perspective-taking and executive functioning. Cogn. Psychol. 58, 220-249.
112. Norrick, N. (1998). Retelling stories in spontaneous conversation. Discourse Process. 25, 75-97.
113. Novick, J. M., Trueswell, J. C., and Thompson-Schill, S. L. (2005). Cognitive control and parsing: Reexamining the role of Broca's area in sentence comprehension. Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci. 5, 263-281.
114. Nygaard, L. C., and Pisoni, D. B. (1998). Talker-specific learning in speech perception. Percept. Psych ophys. 60, 355-376.
115. Ochs, E., and Capps, L. (2001). Living Narrative: Creating Lives in Everyday Storytelling. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
116. O'Kane, G., Kensinger, E., and Corkin, S. (2004). Evidence for semantic learning in profound amnesia: an investigation with patient H.M. Hippocampus 14, 417-425.
117. O'Keefe, J., and Nadel, L. (1978). The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
118. Olson, D. R. (1970). Language and thought: Aspects of a cognitive theory of semantics. Psychol. Rev. 77, 257-273.
119. Osgood, C. E. (1971). "Where do sentences come from?" in Semantics: an Inter-Disciplinary Reader in Philosophy, Linguistics and Psychology, eds D. D. Steinberg and L. A. Jakobovits (Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press).
120. Olson, I. R., Page, K., Sledge Moore, K., Chatterjee, A., and Verfaellie, M. (2006). Working memory for conjunctions relies on the medial temporal lobe. J. Neurosci. 26, 4596-4601.
121. Otten, M., and Van Berkum, J. J. A. (2009). Does working memory capacity affect the ability to predict upcoming words in discourse? Brain Res. 1291, 92-101.
122. Pardo, J. (2006). On phonetic convergence during conversation. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 119, 2382-2393.
123. Peterson, G. E., and Barney, H. L. (1952). Control methods used in a study of the vowels. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 24, 175-184.
124. Pickering, M., and Garrod, S. (2004). Toward a mechanistic psychology of dialogue. Behav. Brain Sci. 27, 169-190.
125. Prior, P. (2001). Voices in text, mind and society: sociohistoric accounts of discourse acquisition and use. J. Sec. Lang. Writ. 10, 55-81.
126. Ranganath, C. (2010). A unified framework for the functional organization of the medial temporal lobes and the phenomenology of episodic memory. Hippocampus 20, 1263-1290.
127. Ranganath, C., and D'Esposito, M. (2001). Medial temporal lobe activity associated with active maintenance of novel information. Neuron 31, 865-873.
128. Reitter, D., and Moore, J. D. (2007). "Predicting success in dialogue," in Proceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the Association of Computational Linguistics (ACL), (Prague, Czech Republic), 808-815.
129. Reitter, D., Moore, J. D., and Keller, F. (2006). "Priming of syntactic rules in task-oriented dialogue and spontaneous conversation," in Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci), (Vancouver, Canada), 685-690.
130. Richardson, D. C., and Dale, R. (2005). Looking to understand: the coupling between speakers' and listeners' eye movements and its relationship to discourse comprehension. Cogn. Sci. 29, 39-54.
131. Richardson, D. C., Dale, R., and Kirkham, N. (2007). The art of conversation is coordination: common ground and the coupling of eye movements during dialogue. Psychol. Sci. 18, 407-413.
132. Rubin, R., Brown-Schmidt, S., Duff, M. C., Tranel, D., and Cohen, N. J. (2011). How do I remember that I know you know that I know? Psychol. Sci. 22, 1574-1582.
133. Ryan, J. D., Althoff, R. R., Whitlow, S., and Cohen, N. J. (2000). Amnesia is a deficit in relational memory. Psychol. Sci. 11, 454-461.
134. Schmolck, H., Kensinger, E., Corkin, S., and Squire, L. (2002). Semantic knowledge in patient H.M. and other patients with bilateral medial and lateral temporal lobe lesions. Hippocampus 12, 520-533.
135. Schmolck, H., Stefanacci, L., and Squire, L. R. (2000). Detection and explanation of ambiguity are unaffected by hippocampal lesions but are impaired by larger temporal lobe lesions. Hippocampus 10, 759-770.
136. Schober, M. F. (1993). Spatial perspective-taking in conversation. Cognition 47, 1-24.
137. Schober, M. F., and Clark, H. H. (1989). Understanding by addressees and overhearers. Cogn. Psychol. 21, 211-232.
138. Scoville, W. B., and Milner, B. (1957). Loss of recent memory after bilateral hippocampal lesions. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 20, 11-12.
139. Sedivy, J. C., Tanenhaus, M. K., Chambers, C. G., and Carlson, G. N. (1999). Achieving incremental processing through contextual representation: evidence from the processing of adjectives. Cognition 71, 109-147.
140. Sharon, T., Moscovitch, M., and Gilboa, A. (2011). Rapid neocortical acquisition of long-term arbitrary associations independent of the hippocampus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108, 1146-1151
141. Sherzer, J. (2002). Speech Play and Verbal Art. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.
142. Spivey, M. J., Tanenhaus, M. K., Eberhard, K. M., and Sedivy, J. C. (2002). Eye movements and spoken language comprehension: effects of visual context on syntactic ambiguity resolution. Cogn. Psychol. 45, 447-481.
143. Squire, L. R. (1987). Memory and Brain. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
144. Squire, L. R. (1992). Memory and the hippocampus: a synthesis from findings with rats, monkeys, and humans. Psychol. Rev. 99, 195-231.
145. Tanenhaus, M. K., Spivey-Knowlton, M. J., Eberhard, K. M., and Sedivy, J. C. (1995). Integration of visual and linguistic information in spoken language comprehension. Science 268, 1632-1634.
146. Tannen, D. (1989). Ta lki ng Voices: Repetition, Dialogue, and Imagery in Conversational Discourse. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
147. Tauroza, S., and Allison, D. (1990). Speech rates in british english. Appl. Linguist. 11, 90-105.
148. Tesink, C. M. J. Y., Petersson, K. M., Van Berkum, J. J. A., Van den Brink, D., Buitelaar, J. K., and Hagoort, P. (2009). Unification of speaker and meaning in language comprehension: an fMRI study. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 21, 2085-2099.
149. Trude, A. M., and Brown-Schmidt, S. (2012). On-line accommodation of regional accents. Lang. Cogn. Process (in press)
150. Ullman, M. T. (2004). Contributions of memory circuits to language: the declarative/procedural model. Cognition 92, 231-270.
151. Van Berkum, J. J. A. (in press). "The electrophysiology of discourse and conversation," in The Cambridge Handbook of Psycholinguistics, eds M. Spivey, K. McRae, and M. Joanisse (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
152. Van Berkum, J. J. A., Van den Brink, D., Tesink, C. M. J. Y., Kos, M., and Hagoort, P. (2008). The neural integration of speaker and message. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 20, 580-591.
153. Vargha-Khadem, F., Gadian, D. G., Watkins, K. E., Connely, A., Van Paesschen, W., and Mishkin, M. (1997). Differential effects of early hippocampal pathology on episodic and semantic memory. Science 277, 376-380.
154. Voloshinov, V. N. (1973). Marxism and the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
155. Wagner Cook, S., and Tanenhaus, M. K. (2009). Embodied communication: speakers' gestures affect listeners' actions. Cognition 113, 98-104.
156. Walker, M. A. (1996). Limited attention and discourse structure. Comput. Linguist. 22, 255-264.
157. Warren, D. E., Duff, M. C., Tranel, D., and Cohen, N. J. (2010). Medial temporal lobe damage impairs representation of simple stimuli. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 4:35. Doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2010.00035
158. Wilkes-Gibbs, D., and Clark, H. H. (1992). Coordinating beliefs in conversation. J. Mem. Lang. 31, 183-194.
159. Wilson, M. P., and Garnsey, S. M. (2009). Making simple sentences hard: verb bias effects in simple direct object sentences. J. Mem. Lang. 60, 368-392.