Permissive underfeeding or standard enteral feeding in critically ill adults

New England Journal of Medicine

Volumn 372, Issue 25, 2015, Pages 2398-2408

  Arabi, Yaseen M ^a   Aldawood, Abdulaziz S ^a   Haddad, Samir H ^a   Al Dorzi, Hasan M ^a   Tamim, Hani M ^a,c   Jones, Gwynne ^d   Mehta, Sangeeta ^e   McIntyre, Lauralyn ^d   Solaiman, Othman ^b   Sakkijha, Maram H ^a   Sadat, Musharaf ^a   Afesh, Lara ^a  

^a KING SAUD BIN ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY FOR HEALTH SCIENCES   (Saudi Arabia)

^b KING FAISAL SPECIALIST HOSPITAL AND RESEARCH CENTER   (Saudi Arabia)

^c AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF BEIRUT   (Lebanon)

^d OTTAWA HOSPITAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Canada)

^e MOUNT SINAI HOSPITAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION; CALORIC RESTRICTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; CRITICALLY ILL PATIENT; DIARRHEA; ENTERIC FEEDING; FEMALE; HOSPITAL INFECTION; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; LENGTH OF STAY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; NUTRITIONAL INTOLERANCE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PERMISSIVE UNDERFEEDING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN INTAKE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; TREATMENT DURATION; AGED; BLOOD; CALORIC INTAKE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CRITICAL ILLNESS; KAPLAN MEIER METHOD; MIDDLE AGED; MULTICENTER STUDY; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENT; PROCEDURES;

LIPID; PROTEIN;

ADULT; AGED; CALORIC RESTRICTION; CRITICAL ILLNESS; ENERGY INTAKE; ENTERAL NUTRITION; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; KAPLAN-MEIER ESTIMATE; LENGTH OF STAY; LIPIDS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS; PROTEINS; RESPIRATION, ARTIFICIAL;

EID: 84931444585     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: 15334406     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1502826     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Martindale RG, McClave SA, Vanek VW, et al. Guidelines for the provision and assessment of nutrition support therapy in the adult critically ill patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: executive summary. Crit Care Med 2009;37:1757-61.
2. Norman K, Pichard C, Lochs H, Pirlich M. Prognostic impact of disease-related malnutrition. Clin Nutr 2008;27:5-15.
3. Arabi YM, Haddad SH, Tamim HM, et al. Near-target caloric intake in critically ill medical-surgical patients is associated with adverse outcomes. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2010;34:280-8.
4. Rubinson L, Diette GB, Song X, Brower RG, Krishnan JA. Low caloric intake is associated with nosocomial bloodstream infections in patients in the medical intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2004;32:350-7.
5. Krishnan JA, Parce PB, Martinez A, Diette GB, Brower RG. Caloric intake in medical ICU patients: consistency of care with guidelines and relationship to clinical outcomes. Chest 2003;124:297-305.
6. Dickerson RN, Boschert KJ, Kudsk KA, Brown RO. Hypocaloric enteral tube feeding in critically ill obese patients. Nutrition 2002;18:241-6.
7. Heyland DK, Cahill N, Day AG. Optimal amount of calories for critically ill patients: depends on how you slice the cake! Crit Care Med 2011;39:2619-26.
8. Martin CM, Doig GS, Heyland DK, Morrison T, Sibbald WJ. Multicentre, cluster-randomized clinical trial of algorithms for critical-care enteral and parenteral therapy (ACCEPT). CMAJ 2004;170:197-204.
9. Doig GS, Simpson F, Finfer S, et al. Effect of evidence-based feeding guidelines on mortality of critically ill adults: a cluster randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2008;300:2731-41.
10. Doig GS, Simpson F, Sweetman EA, et al. Early parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients with short-term relative contraindications to early enteral nutrition: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2013;309:2130-8.
11. Casaer MP, Mesotten D, Hermans G, et al. Early versus late parenteral nutrition in critically ill adults. N Engl J Med 2011;365:506-17.
12. Colman RJ, Beasley TM, Kemnitz JW, Johnson SC, Weindruch R, Anderson RM. Caloric restriction reduces age-related and all-cause mortality in rhesus monkeys. Nat Commun 2014;5:3557.
13. Lin SJ, Kaeberlein M, Andalis AA, et al. Calorie restriction extends Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan by increasing respiration. Nature 2002;418:344-8.
14. Heilbronn LK, Ravussin E. Calorie restriction and aging: review of the literature and implications for studies in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;78:361-9.
15. Cohen HY, Miller C, Bitterman KJ, et al. Calorie restriction promotes mammalian cell survival by inducing the SIRT1 deacetylase. Science 2004;305:390-2.
16. Heilbronn LK, de Jonge L, Frisard MI, et al. Effect of 6-month calorie restriction on biomarkers of longevity, metabolic adaptation, and oxidative stress in overweight individuals: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2006;295:1539-48.
17. Ahrens CL, Barletta JF, Kanji S, et al. Effect of low-calorie parenteral nutrition on the incidence and severity of hyperglycemia in surgical patients: a randomized, controlled trial. Crit Care Med 2005;33:2507-12.
18. McCowen KC, Friel C, Sternberg J, et al. Hypocaloric total parenteral nutrition: effectiveness in prevention of hyperglycemia and infectious complications - a randomized clinical trial. Crit Care Med 2000;28:3606-11.
19. Rice TW, Mogan S, Hays MA, Bernard GR, Jensen GL, Wheeler AP. Randomized trial of initial trophic versus full-energy enteral nutrition in mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory failure. Crit Care Med 2011;39:967-74.
20. Rice TW, Wheeler AP, Thompson BT, et al. Initial trophic vs full enteral feeding in patients with acute lung injury: the EDEN randomized trial. JAMA 2012;307:795-803.
21. Weijs P, Cynober L, DeLegge M, Kreymann G, Wernerman J, Wolfe RR. Proteins and amino acids are fundamental to optimal nutrition support in critically ill patients. Crit Care 2014;18:591.
22. Singer P, Hiesmayr M, Biolo G, et al. Pragmatic approach to nutrition in the ICU: expert opinion regarding which calorie protein target. Clin Nutr 2014;33:246-51.
23. Briet F, Jeejeebhoy KN. Effect of hypoenergetic feeding and refeeding on muscle and mononuclear cell activities of mitochondrial complexes I-IV in enterally fed rats. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;73: 975-83.
24. Boitano M. Hypocaloric feeding of the critically ill. Nutr Clin Pract 2006;21:617-22.
25. Arabi YM, Tamim HM, Dhar GS, et al. Permissive underfeeding and intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93:569-77.
26. Frankenfield D, Smith JS, Cooney RN. Validation of 2 approaches to predicting resting metabolic rate in critically ill patients. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2004;28:259-64.
27. Ireton-Jones CS, Turner WW Jr, Liepa GU, Baxter CR. Equations for the estimation of energy expenditures in patients with burns with special reference to ventilatory status. J Burn Care Rehabil 1992;13:330-3.
28. Walker RN, Heuberger RA. Predictive equations for energy needs for the critically ill. Respir Care 2009;54:509-21.
29. Arabi YM, Haddad SH, Aldawood AS, et al. Permissive underfeeding versus target enteral feeding in adult critically ill patients (PermiT Trial): a study protocol of a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Trials 2012;13:191.
30. Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE. APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985;13:818-29.
31. Vincent JL, de Mendonça A, Cantraine F, et al. Use of the SOFA score to assess the incidence of organ dysfunction/failure in intensive care units: results of a multicenter, prospective study. Crit Care Med 1998;26:1793-800.
32. CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of healthcare-associated infections. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, April 2015 (http://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/PDFs/pscManual/17pscNosInfDef-current.pdf).
33. Klein JA. Nonprotein vs total calories - what are most clinicians using? Nutr Clin Pract 1996;11:206.
34. Charles EJ, Petroze RT, Metzger R, et al. Hypocaloric compared with eucaloric nutritional support and its effect on infection rates in a surgical intensive care unit: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2014;100:1337-43.
35. Taylor SJ, Fettes SB, Jewkes C, Nelson RJ. Prospective, randomized, controlled trial to determine the effect of early enhanced enteral nutrition on clinical outcome in mechanically ventilated patients suffering head injury. Crit Care Med 1999;27:2525-31.
36. Lempiäinen J, Finckenberg P, Mervaala EE, Sankari S, Levijoki J, Mervaala EM. Caloric restriction ameliorates kidney ischaemia/reperfusion injury through PGC-1α-eNOS pathway and enhanced autophagy. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2013;208:410-21.
37. Ning YC, Cai GY, Zhuo L, et al. Beneficial effects of short-term calorie restriction against cisplatin-induced acute renal injury in aged rats. Nephron Exp Nephrol 2013;124:19-27.
38. Mitchell JR, Verweij M, Brand K, et al. Short-term dietary restriction and fasting precondition against ischemia reperfusion injury in mice. Aging Cell 2010;9:40-53.
39. Singer P, Anbar R, Cohen J, et al. The tight calorie control study (TICACOS): a prospective, randomized, controlled pilot study of nutritional support in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 2011;37:601-9.
40. van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, et al. Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1359-67.