메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 46, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 226-238

Clinical importance and epidemiology of quinolone resistance

Author keywords

Clinical implications; Drug resistance; Epidemiology; Mechanism; Quinolones

Indexed keywords

CIPROFLOXACIN; GEMIFLOXACIN; LEVOFLOXACIN; METRONIDAZOLE; MOXIFLOXACIN; NALIDIXIC ACID; QUINOLONE;

EID: 84931397027     PISSN: 20932340     EISSN: 20926448     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3947/ic.2014.46.4.226     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (75)

References (124)
  • 1
    • 0038778553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of quinolone action and microbial response
    • Hawkey PM. Mechanisms of quinolone action and microbial response. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003;51 (Suppl 1):29-35.
    • (2003) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.51 , pp. 29-35
    • Hawkey, P.M.1
  • 2
    • 21844477302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones
    • Jacoby GA. Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones. Clin Infect Dis 2005;41 (Suppl 2):S120-6.
    • (2005) Clin Infect Dis , vol.41 , pp. S120-S126
    • Jacoby, G.A.1
  • 3
    • 0034602171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA gyrase-mediated wrapping of the DNA strand is required for the replication fork arrest by the DNA gyrase-quinolone-DNA ternary complex
    • Hiasa H, Shea ME. DNA gyrase-mediated wrapping of the DNA strand is required for the replication fork arrest by the DNA gyrase-quinolone-DNA ternary complex. J Biol Chem 2000;275:34780-6.
    • (2000) J Biol Chem , vol.275 , pp. 34780-34786
    • Hiasa, H.1    Shea, M.E.2
  • 4
    • 79951816939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice guideline for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer: 2010 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • Freifeld AG, Bow EJ, Sepkowitz KA, Boeckh MJ, Ito JI, Mullen CA, Raad II, Rolston KV, Young JA, Wingard JR, Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clinical practice guideline for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer: 2010 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2011;52:427-31.
    • (2011) Clin Infect Dis , vol.52 , pp. 427-431
    • Freifeld, A.G.1    Bow, E.J.2    Sepkowitz, K.A.3    Boeckh, M.J.4    Ito, J.I.5    Mullen, C.A.6    Raad, I.I.7    Rolston, K.V.8    Young, J.A.9    Wingard, J.R.10
  • 6
    • 0037453976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic resistance among gram-negative bacilli in US intensive care units: implications for fluoroquinolone use
    • Neuhauser MM, Weinstein RA, Rydman R, Danziger LH, Karam G, Quinn JP. Antibiotic resistance among gram-negative bacilli in US intensive care units: implications for fluoroquinolone use. JAMA 2003;289:885-8.
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.289 , pp. 885-888
    • Neuhauser, M.M.1    Weinstein, R.A.2    Rydman, R.3    Danziger, L.H.4    Karam, G.5    Quinn, J.P.6
  • 8
    • 2442705984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity in vitro of the quinolones
    • In: Hooper DC, Rubinstein E, eds, 3rd ed. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press
    • Thauvin-Eliopoulos C, Eliopoulos GM. Activity in vitro of the quinolones. In: Hooper DC, Rubinstein E, eds. Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press; 2003;91-111.
    • (2003) Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents , pp. 91-111
    • Thauvin-Eliopoulos, C.1    Eliopoulos, G.M.2
  • 9
    • 0344328778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of quinolone resistance
    • In: Hooper DC, Rubinstein E, eds, 3rd ed. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press
    • Hooper DC. Mechanism of quinolone resistance. In: Hooper DC, Rubinstein E, eds. Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press; 2003;41-67.
    • (2003) Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents , pp. 41-67
    • Hooper, D.C.1
  • 10
    • 0025282176 scopus 로고
    • Quinolone resistance-determining region in the DNA gyrase gyrA gene of Escherichia coli
    • Yoshida H, Bogaki M, Nakamura M, Nakamura S. Quinolone resistance-determining region in the DNA gyrase gyrA gene of Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990;34:1271-2.
    • (1990) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.34 , pp. 1271-1272
    • Yoshida, H.1    Bogaki, M.2    Nakamura, M.3    Nakamura, S.4
  • 11
    • 0034925137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation in the DNA gyrase A gene of Escherichia coli that expands the quinolone resistance-determining region
    • Friedman SM, Lu T, Drlica K. Mutation in the DNA gyrase A gene of Escherichia coli that expands the quinolone resistance-determining region. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001;45:2378-80.
    • (2001) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.45 , pp. 2378-2380
    • Friedman, S.M.1    Lu, T.2    Drlica, K.3
  • 12
    • 0034959675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction between DNA gyrase and quinolones: effects of alanine mutations at GyrA subunit residues Ser(83) and Asp(87)
    • Barnard FM, Maxwell A. Interaction between DNA gyrase and quinolones: effects of alanine mutations at GyrA subunit residues Ser(83) and Asp(87). Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001;45:1994-2000.
    • (2001) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.45 , pp. 1994-2000
    • Barnard, F.M.1    Maxwell, A.2
  • 13
    • 0027524110 scopus 로고
    • A single point mutation in the DNA gyrase A protein greatly reduces binding of fluoroquinolones to the gyrase-DNA complex
    • Willmott CJ, Maxwell A. A single point mutation in the DNA gyrase A protein greatly reduces binding of fluoroquinolones to the gyrase-DNA complex. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993;37:126-7.
    • (1993) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.37 , pp. 126-127
    • Willmott, C.J.1    Maxwell, A.2
  • 14
    • 0029824413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quinolone resistance mutations in topoisomerase IV: relationship to the flqA locus and genetic evidence that topoisomerase IV is the primary target and DNA gyrase is the secondary target of fluoroquinolones in Staphylococcus aureus
    • Ng EY, Trucksis M, Hooper DC. Quinolone resistance mutations in topoisomerase IV: relationship to the flqA locus and genetic evidence that topoisomerase IV is the primary target and DNA gyrase is the secondary target of fluoroquinolones in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996;40:1881-8.
    • (1996) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.40 , pp. 1881-1888
    • Ng, E.Y.1    Trucksis, M.2    Hooper, D.C.3
  • 15
    • 2442655167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quinolone resistance mechanisms in pneumococci
    • Eliopoulos GM. Quinolone resistance mechanisms in pneumococci. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38 (Suppl 4):S350-6.
    • (2004) Clin Infect Dis , vol.38 , pp. S350-S356
    • Eliopoulos, G.M.1
  • 16
    • 24044514016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efflux-mediated antimicrobial resistance
    • Poole K. Efflux-mediated antimicrobial resistance. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005;56:20-51.
    • (2005) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.56 , pp. 20-51
    • Poole, K.1
  • 17
    • 0035038579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic characterization of highly fluoroquinolone-resistant clinical Escherichia coli strains from China: role of acrR mutations
    • Wang H, Dzink-Fox JL, Chen M, Levy SB. Genetic characterization of highly fluoroquinolone-resistant clinical Escherichia coli strains from China: role of acrR mutations. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001;45:1515-21.
    • (2001) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.45 , pp. 1515-1521
    • Wang, H.1    Dzink-Fox, J.L.2    Chen, M.3    Levy, S.B.4
  • 18
    • 0000148162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of chromosomally mediated multiple antibiotic resistance: the mar regulon
    • Alekshun MN, Levy SB. Regulation of chromosomally mediated multiple antibiotic resistance: the mar regulon. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997;41:2067-75.
    • (1997) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.41 , pp. 2067-2075
    • Alekshun, M.N.1    Levy, S.B.2
  • 19
    • 0024400856 scopus 로고
    • Cross-resistance to fluoroquinolones in multiple-antibiotic-resistant (Mar) Escherichia coli selected by tetracycline or chloramphenicol: decreased drug accumulation associated with membrane changes in addition to OmpF reduction
    • Cohen SP, McMurry LM, Hooper DC, Wolfson JS, Levy SB. Cross-resistance to fluoroquinolones in multiple-antibiotic-resistant (Mar) Escherichia coli selected by tetracycline or chloramphenicol: decreased drug accumulation associated with membrane changes in addition to OmpF reduction. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1989;33:1318-25.
    • (1989) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.33 , pp. 1318-1325
    • Cohen, S.P.1    McMurry, L.M.2    Hooper, D.C.3    Wolfson, J.S.4    Levy, S.B.5
  • 20
    • 0030934759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active efflux of bile salts by Escherichia coli
    • Thanassi DG, Cheng LW, Nikaido H. Active efflux of bile salts by Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 1997;179:2512-8.
    • (1997) J Bacteriol , vol.179 , pp. 2512-2518
    • Thanassi, D.G.1    Cheng, L.W.2    Nikaido, H.3
  • 21
    • 8844283457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of efflux mechanisms on fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    • Zhanel GG, Hoban DJ, Schurek K, Karlowsky JA. Role of efflux mechanisms on fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2004;24:529-35.
    • (2004) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.24 , pp. 529-535
    • Zhanel, G.G.1    Hoban, D.J.2    Schurek, K.3    Karlowsky, J.A.4
  • 23
    • 84887549194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of norB overexpression and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from Korea
    • Kwak YG, Truong-Bolduc QC, Bin Kim H, Song KH, Kim ES, Hooper DC. Association of norB overexpression and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from Korea. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013;68:2766-72.
    • (2013) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.68 , pp. 2766-2772
    • Kwak, Y.G.1    Truong-Bolduc, Q.C.2    Bin Kim, H.3    Song, K.H.4    Kim, E.S.5    Hooper, D.C.6
  • 24
    • 0032515790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quinolone resistance from a transferable plasmid
    • Martínez-Martínez L, Pascual A, Jacoby GA. Quinolone resistance from a transferable plasmid. Lancet 1998;351:797-9.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , pp. 797-799
    • Martínez-Martínez, L.1    Pascual, A.2    Jacoby, G.A.3
  • 25
    • 0141997693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant qnr among clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing AmpC-type beta-lactamase
    • Rodríguez-Martínez JM, Pascual A, García I, Martínez-Martínez L. Detection of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant qnr among clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing AmpC-type beta-lactamase. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003;52:703-6.
    • (2003) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.52 , pp. 703-706
    • Rodríguez-Martínez, J.M.1    Pascual, A.2    García, I.3    Martínez-Martínez, L.4
  • 26
    • 1642543131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance associated with the qnr gene in Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in the United States
    • Wang M, Sahm DF, Jacoby GA, Hooper DC. Emerging plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance associated with the qnr gene in Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in the United States. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004;48:1295-9.
    • (2004) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.48 , pp. 1295-1299
    • Wang, M.1    Sahm, D.F.2    Jacoby, G.A.3    Hooper, D.C.4
  • 27
    • 0038312025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli from Shanghai, China
    • Wang M, Tran JH, Jacoby GA, Zhang Y, Wang F, Hooper DC. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli from Shanghai, China. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003;47:2242-8.
    • (2003) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.47 , pp. 2242-2248
    • Wang, M.1    Tran, J.H.2    Jacoby, G.A.3    Zhang, Y.4    Wang, F.5    Hooper, D.C.6
  • 28
    • 24644504732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasmid-mediated resistance to ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime in clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis in Hong Kong
    • Cheung TK, Chu YW, Chu MY, Ma CH, Yung RW, Kam KM. Plasmid-mediated resistance to ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime in clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis in Hong Kong. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005;56:586-9.
    • (2005) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.56 , pp. 586-589
    • Cheung, T.K.1    Chu, Y.W.2    Chu, M.Y.3    Ma, C.H.4    Yung, R.W.5    Kam, K.M.6
  • 31
    • 66149096176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis
    • Wang M, Guo Q, Xu X, Wang X, Ye X, Wu S, Hooper DC, Wang M. New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009;53:1892-7.
    • (2009) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.53 , pp. 1892-1897
    • Wang, M.1    Guo, Q.2    Xu, X.3    Wang, X.4    Ye, X.5    Wu, S.6    Hooper, D.C.7    Wang, M.8
  • 32
    • 59749091684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • qnrD, a novel gene conferring transferable quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky and Bovismorbificans strains of human origin
    • Cavaco LM, Hasman H, Xia S, Aarestrup FM. qnrD, a novel gene conferring transferable quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky and Bovismorbificans strains of human origin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009;53:603-8.
    • (2009) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.53 , pp. 603-608
    • Cavaco, L.M.1    Hasman, H.2    Xia, S.3    Aarestrup, F.M.4
  • 33
    • 77955403183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • qnrVC-like gene located in a novel complex class 1 integron harboring the ISCR1 element in an Aeromonas punctata strain from an aquatic environment in Shandong Province, China
    • Xia R, Guo X, Zhang Y, Xu H. qnrVC-like gene located in a novel complex class 1 integron harboring the ISCR1 element in an Aeromonas punctata strain from an aquatic environment in Shandong Province, China. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010;54:3471-4.
    • (2010) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.54 , pp. 3471-3474
    • Xia, R.1    Guo, X.2    Zhang, Y.3    Xu, H.4
  • 34
    • 84863120574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical isolates of Vibrio fluvialis from Kolkata, India, obtained during 2006: plasmids, the qnr gene and a mutation in gyrase A as mechanisms of multidrug resistance
    • Singh R, Rajpara N, Tak J, Patel A, Mohanty P, Vinothkumar K, Chowdhury G, Ramamurthy T, Ghosh A, Bhardwaj AK. Clinical isolates of Vibrio fluvialis from Kolkata, India, obtained during 2006: plasmids, the qnr gene and a mutation in gyrase A as mechanisms of multidrug resistance. J Med Microbiol 2012;61:369-74.
    • (2012) J Med Microbiol , vol.61 , pp. 369-374
    • Singh, R.1    Rajpara, N.2    Tak, J.3    Patel, A.4    Mohanty, P.5    Vinothkumar, K.6    Chowdhury, G.7    Ramamurthy, T.8    Ghosh, A.9    Bhardwaj, A.K.10
  • 35
    • 84884470186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of qnrVC alleles and emergence out of the Vibrionaceae family
    • Fonseca EL, Vicente AC. Epidemiology of qnrVC alleles and emergence out of the Vibrionaceae family. J Med Microbiol 2013;62:1628-30.
    • (2013) J Med Microbiol , vol.62 , pp. 1628-1630
    • Fonseca, E.L.1    Vicente, A.C.2
  • 41
    • 69949132847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ARESC study: an international survey on the antimicrobial resistance of pathogens involved in uncomplicated urinary tract infections
    • Schito GC, Naber KG, Botto H, Palou J, Mazzei T, Gualco L, Marchese A. The ARESC study: an international survey on the antimicrobial resistance of pathogens involved in uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009;34:407-13.
    • (2009) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.34 , pp. 407-413
    • Schito, G.C.1    Naber, K.G.2    Botto, H.3    Palou, J.4    Mazzei, T.5    Gualco, L.6    Marchese, A.7
  • 42
    • 79951831698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women: A 2010 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
    • Gupta K, Hooton TM, Naber KG, Wullt B, Colgan R, Miller LG, Moran GJ, Nicolle LE, Raz R, Schaeffer AJ, Soper DE; Infectious Diseases Society of America; European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. International clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women: A 2010 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Clin Infect Dis 2011;52:e103-20.
    • (2011) Clin Infect Dis , vol.52 , pp. e103-e120
    • Gupta, K.1    Hooton, T.M.2    Naber, K.G.3    Wullt, B.4    Colgan, R.5    Miller, L.G.6    Moran, G.J.7    Nicolle, L.E.8    Raz, R.9    Schaeffer, A.J.10    Soper, D.E.11
  • 43
    • 76749145037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of catheter-associated urinary tract infection in adults: 2009 International Clinical Practice Guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • Hooton TM, Bradley SF, Cardenas DD, Colgan R, Geerlings SE, Rice JC, Saint S, Schaeffer AJ, Tambayh PA, Tenke P, Nicolle LE; Infectious Diseases Society of America. Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of catheter-associated urinary tract infection in adults: 2009 International Clinical Practice Guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2010;50:625-63.
    • (2010) Clin Infect Dis , vol.50 , pp. 625-663
    • Hooton, T.M.1    Bradley, S.F.2    Cardenas, D.D.3    Colgan, R.4    Geerlings, S.E.5    Rice, J.C.6    Saint, S.7    Schaeffer, A.J.8    Tambayh, P.A.9    Tenke, P.10    Nicolle, L.E.11
  • 48
    • 84897973763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with ciprofloxacin-and cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli in women with acute pyelonephritis in the emergency department
    • Park KH, Oh WS, Kim ES, Park SW, Hur JA, Kim YK, Moon C, Lee JH, Lee CS, Kim BN. Factors associated with ciprofloxacin-and cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli in women with acute pyelonephritis in the emergency department. Int J Infect Dis 2014;23:8-13.
    • (2014) Int J Infect Dis , vol.23 , pp. 8-13
    • Park, K.H.1    Oh, W.S.2    Kim, E.S.3    Park, S.W.4    Hur, J.A.5    Kim, Y.K.6    Moon, C.7    Lee, J.H.8    Lee, C.S.9    Kim, B.N.10
  • 50
    • 3042643373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for community-acquired ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli urinary tract infection
    • Killgore KM, March KL, Guglielmo BJ. Risk factors for community-acquired ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli urinary tract infection. Ann Pharmacother 2004;38:1148-52.
    • (2004) Ann Pharmacother , vol.38 , pp. 1148-1152
    • Killgore, K.M.1    March, K.L.2    Guglielmo, B.J.3
  • 51
    • 27744518336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for ciprofloxacin resistance among Escherichia coli strains isolated from community-acquired urinary tract infections in Turkey
    • Arslan H, Azap OK, Ergönül O, Timurkaynak F; Urinary Tract Infection Study Group. Risk factors for ciprofloxacin resistance among Escherichia coli strains isolated from community-acquired urinary tract infections in Turkey. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005;56:914-8.
    • (2005) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.56 , pp. 914-918
    • Arslan, H.1    Azap, O.K.2    Ergönül, O.3    Timurkaynak, F.4
  • 54
    • 84866611719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trimethoprim and ciprofloxacin resistance and prescribing in urinary tract infection associated with Escherichia coli: a multilevel model
    • Vellinga A, Tansey S, Hanahoe B, Bennett K, Murphy AW, Cormican M. Trimethoprim and ciprofloxacin resistance and prescribing in urinary tract infection associated with Escherichia coli: a multilevel model. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012;67:2523-30.
    • (2012) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.67 , pp. 2523-2530
    • Vellinga, A.1    Tansey, S.2    Hanahoe, B.3    Bennett, K.4    Murphy, A.W.5    Cormican, M.6
  • 55
    • 43049155969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for community-acquired urinary tract infection due to quinolone-resistant E. coli
    • Colodner R, Kometiani I, Chazan B, Raz R. Risk factors for community-acquired urinary tract infection due to quinolone-resistant E. coli. Infection 2008;36:41-5.
    • (2008) Infection , vol.36 , pp. 41-45
    • Colodner, R.1    Kometiani, I.2    Chazan, B.3    Raz, R.4
  • 56
    • 0035048715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between increased consumption of fluoroquinolones in outpatients and resistance of Escherichia coli from urinary tract infections
    • Cizman M, Orazem A, Krizan-Hergouth V, Kolman J. Correlation between increased consumption of fluoroquinolones in outpatients and resistance of Escherichia coli from urinary tract infections. J Antimicrob Chemother 2001;47:502.
    • (2001) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.47 , pp. 502
    • Cizman, M.1    Orazem, A.2    Krizan-Hergouth, V.3    Kolman, J.4
  • 58
    • 23244442660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hospital and community fluoroquinolone use and resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in 17 US hospitals
    • MacDougall C, Powell JP, Johnson CK, Edmond MB, Polk RE. Hospital and community fluoroquinolone use and resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in 17 US hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 2005;41:435-40.
    • (2005) Clin Infect Dis , vol.41 , pp. 435-440
    • MacDougall, C.1    Powell, J.P.2    Johnson, C.K.3    Edmond, M.B.4    Polk, R.E.5
  • 59
    • 29244479516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the relation between consumption of fluoroquinolones and emergence of resistance among Escherichia coli: contribution of observational and quasi-experimental studies
    • Mahamat A, Daurès JP, Sotto A. Evaluation of the relation between consumption of fluoroquinolones and emergence of resistance among Escherichia coli: contribution of observational and quasi-experimental studies. Med Mal Infect 2005;35:543-8.
    • (2005) Med Mal Infect , vol.35 , pp. 543-548
    • Mahamat, A.1    Daurès, J.P.2    Sotto, A.3
  • 62
    • 79960891449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consensus review of the epidemiology and appropriate antimicrobial therapy of complicated urinary tract infections in Asia-Pacific region
    • Hsueh PR, Hoban DJ, Carmeli Y, Chen SY, Desikan S, Alejandria M, Ko WC, Binh TQ. Consensus review of the epidemiology and appropriate antimicrobial therapy of complicated urinary tract infections in Asia-Pacific region. J Infect 2011;63:114-23.
    • (2011) J Infect , vol.63 , pp. 114-123
    • Hsueh, P.R.1    Hoban, D.J.2    Carmeli, Y.3    Chen, S.Y.4    Desikan, S.5    Alejandria, M.6    Ko, W.C.7    Binh, T.Q.8
  • 63
    • 79551605326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of discordant empirical therapy on outcome of community-acquired bacteremic acute pyelonephritis
    • Lee SS, Kim Y, Chung DR. Impact of discordant empirical therapy on outcome of community-acquired bacteremic acute pyelonephritis. J Infect 2011;62:159-64.
    • (2011) J Infect , vol.62 , pp. 159-164
    • Lee, S.S.1    Kim, Y.2    Chung, D.R.3
  • 65
    • 84866411447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of fluoroquinolones in the management of urinary tract infections in areas with high rates of fluoroquinolone-resistant uropathogens
    • Chen YH, Ko WC, Hsueh PR. The role of fluoroquinolones in the management of urinary tract infections in areas with high rates of fluoroquinolone-resistant uropathogens. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2012;31:1699-704.
    • (2012) Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.31 , pp. 1699-1704
    • Chen, Y.H.1    Ko, W.C.2    Hsueh, P.R.3
  • 68
    • 2442702754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quinolone resistance among pneumococci: therapeutic and diagnostic implications
    • Low DE. Quinolone resistance among pneumococci: therapeutic and diagnostic implications. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38 (Suppl 4):S357-62.
    • (2004) Clin Infect Dis , vol.38 , pp. S357-S362
    • Low, D.E.1
  • 69
    • 40449123690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in antibacterial resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated in the USA: update from PROTEKT US years 1-4
    • Jenkins SG, Brown SD, Farrell DJ. Trends in antibacterial resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated in the USA: update from PROTEKT US years 1-4. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2008;7:1.
    • (2008) Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob , vol.7 , pp. 1
    • Jenkins, S.G.1    Brown, S.D.2    Farrell, D.J.3
  • 71
    • 80052956252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in Europe 2012
    • Accessed 2 December 2014
    • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in Europe 2012. Available at: http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/antimicrobial-resistance-surveillance-europe-2012.pdf. Accessed 2 December 2014.
  • 72
    • 59349090109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates from hospitalised patients with respiratory tract infections (MOXIAKTIV Study)
    • Jacobs E, Dalhoff A, Korfmann G. Susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates from hospitalised patients with respiratory tract infections (MOXIAKTIV Study). Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009;33:52-7.
    • (2009) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.33 , pp. 52-57
    • Jacobs, E.1    Dalhoff, A.2    Korfmann, G.3
  • 73
    • 78649636161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistant strains and resistance precursor strains in Streptococcus pneumoniae from patients with community-acquired pneumonia despite high fluoroquinolone usage
    • Pletz MW, van der Linden M, von Baum H, Duesberg CB, Klugman KP, Welte T; CAPNETZ study group. Low prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistant strains and resistance precursor strains in Streptococcus pneumoniae from patients with community-acquired pneumonia despite high fluoroquinolone usage. Int J Med Microbiol 2011;301:53-7.
    • (2011) Int J Med Microbiol , vol.301 , pp. 53-57
    • Pletz, M.W.1    van der Linden, M.2    von Baum, H.3    Duesberg, C.B.4    Klugman, K.P.5    Welte, T.6
  • 75
    • 14944342393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors associated with colonization by pneumococci with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones in adult outpatients
    • Jiménez MR, Bellido JL, García Rodríguez JA. Risk factors associated with colonization by pneumococci with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones in adult outpatients. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:1193-7.
    • (2005) J Clin Microbiol , vol.43 , pp. 1193-1197
    • Jiménez, M.R.1    Bellido, J.L.2    García Rodríguez, J.A.3
  • 76
    • 0035282390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for acquisition of levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: a case-control study
    • Ho PL, Tse WS, Tsang KW, Kwok TK, Ng TK, Cheng VC, Chan RM. Risk factors for acquisition of levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: a case-control study. Clin Infect Dis 2001;32:701-7.
    • (2001) Clin Infect Dis , vol.32 , pp. 701-707
    • Ho, P.L.1    Tse, W.S.2    Tsang, K.W.3    Kwok, T.K.4    Ng, T.K.5    Cheng, V.C.6    Chan, R.M.7
  • 77
    • 84895061305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for levofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae in community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia: a nested case-control study
    • Kang CI, Song JH, Kim SH, Chung DR, Peck KR, So TM, Hsueh PR; ANSORP Study Group. Risk factors for levofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae in community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia: a nested case-control study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014;33:55-9.
    • (2014) Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.33 , pp. 55-59
    • Kang, C.I.1    Song, J.H.2    Kim, S.H.3    Chung, D.R.4    Peck, K.R.5    So, T.M.6    Hsueh, P.R.7
  • 78
    • 84873718805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of levofloxacin resistance with mortality in adult patients with invasive pneumococcal diseases: a post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort
    • Kang CI, Song JH, Kim SH, Chung DR, Peck KR, Thamlikitkul V, Wang H, So TM, Hsueh PR, Yasin RM, Carlos CC, Van PH, Perera J; Asian Network for Surveillance of Resistant Pathogens (ANSORP) Study Group. Association of levofloxacin resistance with mortality in adult patients with invasive pneumococcal diseases: a post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort. Infection 2013;41:151-7.
    • (2013) Infection , vol.41 , pp. 151-157
    • Kang, C.I.1    Song, J.H.2    Kim, S.H.3    Chung, D.R.4    Peck, K.R.5    Thamlikitkul, V.6    Wang, H.7    So, T.M.8    Hsueh, P.R.9    Yasin, R.M.10    Carlos, C.C.11    Van, P.H.12    Perera, J.13
  • 79
    • 42449142353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatal levofloxacin failure in treatment of a bacteremic patient infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae with a preexisting parC mutation
    • de Cueto M, Rodríguez JM, Soriano MJ, López-Cerero L, Venero J, Pascual A. Fatal levofloxacin failure in treatment of a bacteremic patient infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae with a preexisting parC mutation. J Clin Microbiol 2008;46:1558-60.
    • (2008) J Clin Microbiol , vol.46 , pp. 1558-1560
    • de Cueto, M.1    Rodríguez, J.M.2    Soriano, M.J.3    López-Cerero, L.4    Venero, J.5    Pascual, A.6
  • 80
    • 84865210377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AWARE Ceftaroline Surveillance Program (2008-2010): trends in resistance patterns among Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis in the United States
    • Pfaller MA, Farrell DJ, Sader HS, Jones RN. AWARE Ceftaroline Surveillance Program (2008-2010): trends in resistance patterns among Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis in the United States. Clin Infect Dis 2012;55 (Suppl 3):S187-93.
    • (2012) Clin Infect Dis , vol.55 , pp. S187-S193
    • Pfaller, M.A.1    Farrell, D.J.2    Sader, H.S.3    Jones, R.N.4
  • 82
    • 0038673434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surveillance for antimicrobial susceptibility among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii from hospitalized patients in the United States, 1998 to 2001
    • Karlowsky JA, Draghi DC, Jones ME, Thornsberry C, Friedland IR, Sahm DF. Surveillance for antimicrobial susceptibility among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii from hospitalized patients in the United States, 1998 to 2001. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003;47:1681-8.
    • (2003) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.47 , pp. 1681-1688
    • Karlowsky, J.A.1    Draghi, D.C.2    Jones, M.E.3    Thornsberry, C.4    Friedland, I.R.5    Sahm, D.F.6
  • 83
    • 9444250412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging resistance among bacterial pathogens in the intensive care unit-a European and North American surveillance study (2000-2002)
    • Jones ME, Draghi DC, Thornsberry C, Karlowsky JA, Sahm DF, Wenzel RP. Emerging resistance among bacterial pathogens in the intensive care unit-a European and North American surveillance study (2000-2002). Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2004;3:14.
    • (2004) Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob , vol.3 , pp. 14
    • Jones, M.E.1    Draghi, D.C.2    Thornsberry, C.3    Karlowsky, J.A.4    Sahm, D.F.5    Wenzel, R.P.6
  • 85
    • 43049120324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial resistance in major pathogens of hospital-acquired pneumonia in Asian countries
    • Lagamayo EN. Antimicrobial resistance in major pathogens of hospital-acquired pneumonia in Asian countries. Am J Infect Control 2008;36 (4 Suppl):S101-8.
    • (2008) Am J Infect Control , vol.36 , Issue.4 , pp. S101-S108
    • Lagamayo, E.N.1
  • 87
    • 85027920728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in susceptibility of selected gramnegative bacilli isolated from intra-abdominal infections in North America: SMART 2005-2010
    • Babinchak T, Badal R, Hoban D, Hackel M, Hawser S, Lob S, Bouchillon S. Trends in susceptibility of selected gramnegative bacilli isolated from intra-abdominal infections in North America: SMART 2005-2010. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2013;76:379-81.
    • (2013) Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.76 , pp. 379-381
    • Babinchak, T.1    Badal, R.2    Hoban, D.3    Hackel, M.4    Hawser, S.5    Lob, S.6    Bouchillon, S.7
  • 88
    • 77953769710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in community- and hospital-associated intra-abdominal infections in Europe: results of the 2008 Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART)
    • Hawser SP, Bouchillon SK, Hoban DJ, Badal RE, Cantón R, Baquero F. Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in community- and hospital-associated intra-abdominal infections in Europe: results of the 2008 Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART). Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010;54:3043-6.
    • (2010) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.54 , pp. 3043-3046
    • Hawser, S.P.1    Bouchillon, S.K.2    Hoban, D.J.3    Badal, R.E.4    Cantón, R.5    Baquero, F.6
  • 89
    • 33847347380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro susceptibilities of Escherichia coli isolated from patients with intra-abdominal infections worldwide in 2002-2004: results from SMART (Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends)
    • Bochicchio GV, Baquero F, Hsueh PR, Paterson DL, Rossi F, Snyder TA, McCarroll K, Satishchandran V, Dinubile MJ, Chow JW. In vitro susceptibilities of Escherichia coli isolated from patients with intra-abdominal infections worldwide in 2002-2004: results from SMART (Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends). Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2006;7:537-45.
    • (2006) Surg Infect (Larchmt) , vol.7 , pp. 537-545
    • Bochicchio, G.V.1    Baquero, F.2    Hsueh, P.R.3    Paterson, D.L.4    Rossi, F.5    Snyder, T.A.6    McCarroll, K.7    Satishchandran, V.8    Dinubile, M.J.9    Chow, J.W.10
  • 90
    • 67949095738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production and quinolone resistance among Gram-negative bacilli causing intra-abdominal infections in the Asia/Pacific region: data from the smart study 2002-2006
    • Ko WC, Hsueh PR. Increasing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production and quinolone resistance among Gram-negative bacilli causing intra-abdominal infections in the Asia/Pacific region: data from the smart study 2002-2006. J Infect 2009;59:95-103.
    • (2009) J Infect , vol.59 , pp. 95-103
    • Ko, W.C.1    Hsueh, P.R.2
  • 91
    • 78249245418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility of aerobic and facultative Gram-negative bacilli isolated from patients with intra-abdominal infections in China: the 2002-2009 Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART)
    • Yang Q, Wang H, Chen M, Ni Y, Yu Y, Hu B, Sun Z, Huang W, Hu Y, Ye H, Badal RE, Xu Y. Surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility of aerobic and facultative Gram-negative bacilli isolated from patients with intra-abdominal infections in China: the 2002-2009 Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART). Int J Antimicrob Agents 2010;36:507-12.
    • (2010) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.36 , pp. 507-512
    • Yang, Q.1    Wang, H.2    Chen, M.3    Ni, Y.4    Yu, Y.5    Hu, B.6    Sun, Z.7    Huang, W.8    Hu, Y.9    Ye, H.10    Badal, R.E.11    Xu, Y.12
  • 92
    • 79951633685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for mortality and impact of broad-spectrum cephalosporin resistance on outcome in bacteraemic intra-abdominal infections caused by Gram-negative bacilli
    • Kang CI, Chung DR, Ko KS, Peck KR, Song JH; Korean Network for the Study of Infectious Diseases (KONSID). Risk factors for mortality and impact of broad-spectrum cephalosporin resistance on outcome in bacteraemic intra-abdominal infections caused by Gram-negative bacilli. Scand J Infect Dis 2011;43:202-8.
    • (2011) Scand J Infect Dis , vol.43 , pp. 202-208
    • Kang, C.I.1    Chung, D.R.2    Ko, K.S.3    Peck, K.R.4    Song, J.H.5
  • 93
    • 62949181284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and risk factors for selection of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli strains in fecal flora of patients receiving quinolone therapy
    • Yagci D, Yoruk F, Azap A, Memikoglu O. Prevalence and risk factors for selection of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli strains in fecal flora of patients receiving quinolone therapy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009;53:1287-9.
    • (2009) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.53 , pp. 1287-1289
    • Yagci, D.1    Yoruk, F.2    Azap, A.3    Memikoglu, O.4
  • 95
    • 79751518770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacteroides fragilis group isolates in Europe: 20 years of experience
    • Nagy E, Urbán E, Nord CE; ESCMID Study Group on Antimicrobial Resistance in Anaerobic Bacteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacteroides fragilis group isolates in Europe: 20 years of experience. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011;17:371-9.
    • (2011) Clin Microbiol Infect , vol.17 , pp. 371-379
    • Nagy, E.1    Urbán, E.2    Nord, C.E.3
  • 96
    • 21844435539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical Relevance of Quinolone Resistance
    • In: Hooper DC, Rubinstein E, eds, 3rd ed. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press
    • Low DE. Clinical Relevance of Quinolone Resistance. In: Hooper DC, Rubinstein E, eds. Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press; 2003;355-86.
    • (2003) Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents , pp. 355-386
    • Low, D.E.1
  • 97
    • 55249124512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial resistance in typhoidal and nontyphoidal salmonellae
    • Parry CM, Threlfall EJ. Antimicrobial resistance in typhoidal and nontyphoidal salmonellae. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2008;21:531-8.
    • (2008) Curr Opin Infect Dis , vol.21 , pp. 531-538
    • Parry, C.M.1    Threlfall, E.J.2
  • 98
    • 84861903267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the prevalence and changing resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin of Shigella between Europe-America and Asia-Africa from 1998 to 2009
    • Gu B, Cao Y, Pan S, Zhuang L, Yu R, Peng Z, Qian H, Wei Y, Zhao L, Liu G, Tong M. Comparison of the prevalence and changing resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin of Shigella between Europe-America and Asia-Africa from 1998 to 2009. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2012;40:9-17.
    • (2012) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.40 , pp. 9-17
    • Gu, B.1    Cao, Y.2    Pan, S.3    Zhuang, L.4    Yu, R.5    Peng, Z.6    Qian, H.7    Wei, Y.8    Zhao, L.9    Liu, G.10    Tong, M.11
  • 99
    • 0027504129 scopus 로고
    • Reduced susceptibilities of Shigella sonnei strains isolated from patients with dysentery to fluoroquinolones
    • Horiuchi S, Inagaki Y, Yamamoto N, Okamura N, Imagawa Y, Nakaya R. Reduced susceptibilities of Shigella sonnei strains isolated from patients with dysentery to fluoroquinolones. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993;37:2486-9.
    • (1993) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.37 , pp. 2486-2489
    • Horiuchi, S.1    Inagaki, Y.2    Yamamoto, N.3    Okamura, N.4    Imagawa, Y.5    Nakaya, R.6
  • 101
    • 0030933196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of shigellosis: V. Comparison of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin. A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial
    • Khan WA, Seas C, Dhar U, Salam MA, Bennish ML. Treatment of shigellosis: V. Comparison of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin. A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1997;126:697-703.
    • (1997) Ann Intern Med , vol.126 , pp. 697-703
    • Khan, W.A.1    Seas, C.2    Dhar, U.3    Salam, M.A.4    Bennish, M.L.5
  • 102
    • 84884149199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter: susceptibility testing methods and resistance trends
    • Ge B, Wang F, Sjolund-Karlsson M, McDermott PF. Antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter: susceptibility testing methods and resistance trends. J Microbiol Methods 2013;95:57-67.
    • (2013) J Microbiol Methods , vol.95 , pp. 57-67
    • Ge, B.1    Wang, F.2    Sjolund-Karlsson, M.3    McDermott, P.F.4
  • 103
    • 84875611437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial resistance patterns and corresponding multilocus sequence types of the Campylobacter jejuni isolates from human diarrheal samples
    • Shin E, Oh Y, Kim M, Jung J, Lee Y. Antimicrobial resistance patterns and corresponding multilocus sequence types of the Campylobacter jejuni isolates from human diarrheal samples. Microb Drug Resist 2013;19:110-6.
    • (2013) Microb Drug Resist , vol.19 , pp. 110-116
    • Shin, E.1    Oh, Y.2    Kim, M.3    Jung, J.4    Lee, Y.5
  • 106
    • 15944428412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of skin and soft tissue infections
    • In: Hooper DC, Rubinstein E, eds, 3rd ed. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press
    • Karchmer AW. Treatment of skin and soft tissue infections. In: Hooper DC, Rubinstein E, eds. Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press; 2003;311-21.
    • (2003) Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents , pp. 311-321
    • Karchmer, A.W.1
  • 107
    • 84864276755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance surveillance studies: a multifaceted problem-the fluoroquinolone example
    • Dalhoff A. Resistance surveillance studies: a multifaceted problem-the fluoroquinolone example. Infection 2012;40: 239-62.
    • (2012) Infection , vol.40 , pp. 239-262
    • Dalhoff, A.1
  • 108
    • 73849104909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and clonal characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates with reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility in Spain
    • Montes M, Tamayo E, Orden B, Larruskain J, Perez-Trallero E. Prevalence and clonal characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes clinical isolates with reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility in Spain. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010;54:93-7.
    • (2010) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.54 , pp. 93-97
    • Montes, M.1    Tamayo, E.2    Orden, B.3    Larruskain, J.4    Perez-Trallero, E.5
  • 109
    • 84867615578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase in fluoroquinolone non-susceptibility among clinical Streptococcus pyogenes in Belgium during 2007-10
    • Van Heirstraeten L, Leten G, Lammens C, Goossens H, Malhotra-Kumar S. Increase in fluoroquinolone non-susceptibility among clinical Streptococcus pyogenes in Belgium during 2007-10. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012;67:2602-5.
    • (2012) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.67 , pp. 2602-2605
    • Van Heirstraeten, L.1    Leten, G.2    Lammens, C.3    Goossens, H.4    Malhotra-Kumar, S.5
  • 110
    • 0023638273 scopus 로고
    • In vitro activity of ciprofloxacin against gram-positive cocci
    • Barry AL, Jones RN. In vitro activity of ciprofloxacin against gram-positive cocci. Am J Med 1987;82:27-32.
    • (1987) Am J Med , vol.82 , pp. 27-32
    • Barry, A.L.1    Jones, R.N.2
  • 111
    • 0022589516 scopus 로고
    • In vitro comparison of A-56619, A-56620, amifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
    • Smith SM. In vitro comparison of A-56619, A-56620, amifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1986;29:325-6.
    • (1986) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.29 , pp. 325-326
    • Smith, S.M.1
  • 112
    • 84865300349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LEADER surveillance program results for 2010: an activity and spectrum analysis of linezolid using 6801 clinical isolates from the United States (61 medical centers)
    • Flamm RK, Farrell DJ, Mendes RE, Ross JE, Sader HS, Jones RN. LEADER surveillance program results for 2010: an activity and spectrum analysis of linezolid using 6801 clinical isolates from the United States (61 medical centers). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2012;74:54-61.
    • (2012) Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.74 , pp. 54-61
    • Flamm, R.K.1    Farrell, D.J.2    Mendes, R.E.3    Ross, J.E.4    Sader, H.S.5    Jones, R.N.6
  • 114
    • 78649453268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ceftaroline activity against pathogens associated with complicated skin and skin structure infections: results from an international surveillance study
    • Jones RN, Mendes RE, Sader HS. Ceftaroline activity against pathogens associated with complicated skin and skin structure infections: results from an international surveillance study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010;65 (Suppl 4):iv17-31.
    • (2010) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.65 , pp. iv17-iv31
    • Jones, R.N.1    Mendes, R.E.2    Sader, H.S.3
  • 117
    • 75649148183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of baseline methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered from phase IV clinical trial for linezolid
    • Mendes RE, Sader HS, Deshpande LM, Diep BA, Chambers HF, Jones RN. Characterization of baseline methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered from phase IV clinical trial for linezolid. J Clin Microbiol 2010;48:568-74.
    • (2010) J Clin Microbiol , vol.48 , pp. 568-574
    • Mendes, R.E.1    Sader, H.S.2    Deshpande, L.M.3    Diep, B.A.4    Chambers, H.F.5    Jones, R.N.6
  • 119
    • 84892468494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral antibiotic treatment of staphylococcal bone and joint infections in adults
    • Kim BN, Kim ES, Oh MD. Oral antibiotic treatment of staphylococcal bone and joint infections in adults. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014;69:309-22.
    • (2014) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.69 , pp. 309-322
    • Kim, B.N.1    Kim, E.S.2    Oh, M.D.3
  • 121
    • 84931354209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic-resistant gonorrhea basic information
    • Accessed 2 December 2014
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Antibiotic-resistant gonorrhea basic information. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/std/gonorrhea/arg/basic.htm. Accessed 2 December 2014.
  • 122
    • 80054096932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from Korean patients from 2000 to 2006
    • Lee H, Hong SG, Soe Y, Yong D, Jeong SH, Lee K, Chong Y. Trends in antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from Korean patients from 2000 to 2006. Sex Transm Dis 2011;38:1082-6.
    • (2011) Sex Transm Dis , vol.38 , pp. 1082-1086
    • Lee, H.1    Hong, S.G.2    Soe, Y.3    Yong, D.4    Jeong, S.H.5    Lee, K.6    Chong, Y.7
  • 123
    • 0035867083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment failure with the use of ciprofloxacin for gonorrhea correlates with the prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains in Bangladesh
    • Rahman M, Alam A, Nessa K, Nahar S, Dutta DK, Yasmin L, Monira S, Sultan Z, Khan SA, Albert MJ. Treatment failure with the use of ciprofloxacin for gonorrhea correlates with the prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains in Bangladesh. Clin Infect Dis 2001;32:884-9.
    • (2001) Clin Infect Dis , vol.32 , pp. 884-889
    • Rahman, M.1    Alam, A.2    Nessa, K.3    Nahar, S.4    Dutta, D.K.5    Yasmin, L.6    Monira, S.7    Sultan, Z.8    Khan, S.A.9    Albert, M.J.10
  • 124
    • 78650626559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2010
    • Workowski KA, Berman S; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2010. MMWR Recomm Rep 2010;59:1-110.
    • (2010) MMWR Recomm Rep , vol.59 , pp. 1-110
    • Workowski, K.A.1    Berman, S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.