History, classification and cultivation of the planctomycetes

Planctomycetes: Cell Structure, Origins and Biology

Volumn , Issue , 2014, Pages 1-38

  Jenkins, Cheryl ^a   Staley, James T ^b  

^a NSW DEPARTMENT OF PRIMARY INDUSTRIES   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84930025238     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-502-6_1     Document Type: Chapter

References (138)

1. Bauld J, Staley JT (1976) Planctomyces maris sp. nov.: a marine isolate of the Planctomyces-Blastocaulis group of budding bacteria. J Gen Microbiol 97:45-55. doi: 10.1099/00221287-97-1-45
2. Bengtsson MM, Øvreås L (2010) Planctomycetes dominate biofilms on surfaces of the kelp Laminaria hyperborea. BMC Microbiol 10:261. doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-10-261
3. Bondoso J, Albuquerque L, Nobre MF, Lobo-da-Cunha A, Da Costa MS, Lage OM (2011) Aquisphaera giovannonii ge006E.nov., sp. nov., a novel planctomycete isolated from a freshwater aquarium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 61:2844-2850. doi: ijs.0.027474-0
4. Brochier C, Philippe H (2002) A non-hyperthermophilic ancestor for Bacteria. Nature 417:244. doi: 10.1038/417244a
5. Broda E (1977) Two kinds of lithotrophs missing in nature. Zeitschrift für allgemeine Mikrobiologie 17:491-493. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com. doi:/10.1002/jobm.19770170611/pdf
6. Brümmer IH, Felske AD, Wagner-Dobler I (2004) Diversity and seasonal changes of uncultured Planctomycetales in river biofilms. Appl Environ Microbiol 70:5094-5101. doi: 10.1128/AEM.70.9.5094-5101.2004
7. Buckley DH, Huangyutitham V, Nelson TA, Rumberger A, Thies JE (2006) Diversity of Planctomycetes in soil in relation to soil history and environmental heterogeneity. Appl Environ Microbiol 72:4522-4531. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01601-06
8. Butler MK, Wang J, Webb RI, Fuerst JA (2002) Molecular and ultrastructural confirmation of classification of ATCC 35122 as a strain of Pirellula staleyi. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1663-1667. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.02167-0
9. Chistoserdova L, Jenkins C, Kalyuzhnaya MG, Marx CJ, Lapidus A, Vorholt JA, Staley JT, Lidstrom ME (2004) The enigmatic planctomycetes may hold a key to the origins of methanogenesis and methylotrophy. Mol Biol Evol 21:1234-1241. doi: 10.1007/978-1-60327-853-9-9
10. Chouari R, Le Paslier D, Daegelen P, Ginestet P, Weissenbach J, Sghir A (2003) Molecular evidence for novel planctomycete diversity in a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Appl Environ Microbiol 69:7354-7363. doi: 10.1128/AEM.69.12. 7354-7363.2003
11. Damsté JSS, Strous M, Rijpstra WIC, Hopmans EC, Geenevasen JAJ, Van Duin ACT, Van Niftrik LA, Jetten MS (2002) Linearly concatenated cyclobutane lipids form a dense bacterial membrane. Nature 419:708-712. doi: 10.1038/nature01128
12. Dapena-Mora A, Van Hulle SWH, Campos JL, Méndez R, Vanrolleghem PA, Jetten M (2004) Enrichment of Anammox biomass from municipal activated sludge: experimental and modelling results. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 79:1421-1428. doi: 10.1002/jctb.1148
13. Delong EF, Franks DG, Alldredge AL (1993) Phylogenetic diversity of aggregate-attached and free-living marine bacterial assemblages. Limnol Oceanogr 38:924-934, http://www.aslo.org/lo/toc/vol-38/issue-5/0924.pdf
14. Derakshani M, Lukow T, Liesack W (2001) Novel bacterial lineages at the Sub (Division) level as detected by signature nucleotide-targeted recovery of 16S rRNA genes from bulk soil and rice roots of flooded rice microcosms. Appl Environ Microbiol 67:623-631. doi: 10.1128/AEM.67.2.623-631.2001
15. Devos DP, Reynaud EG (2010) Intermediate steps. Science 330:1187-1188. doi:10.1126/science.1196720
16. Egli K, Fanger U, Alvarez PJJ, Siegrist H, Van Der Meer JR, Zehnder A J B (2001) Enrichment and characterization of an anammox bacterium from a rotating biological contactor treating ammonium-rich leachate. Arch Microbiol 175:198-207. doi: 10.1007/s002030100255
17. Elshahed MS, Youssef NH, Luo Q, Najar FZ, Roe BA, Sisk TM, Bühring SI, Hinrichs KU, Krumholz LR (2007) Phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of Planctomycetes from anaerobic sulfide- and sulfur-rich Zodletone Spring, Oklahoma. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:4707-4716. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00591-07
18. Erickson H, Osawa M (2010) Cell division without FtsZ-a variety of redundant mechanisms. Mol Microbiol 78:267-270. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07321.x
19. Franzmann PD, Skerman V B D (1984) Gemmata obscuriglobus, a new genus and species of the budding bacteria. Antoine van Leeuwenhoek 50:261-268. doi: 10.1007/BF02342136
20. Fröhlich J, König H (2000) New techniques for isolation of single prokaryotic cells. FEMS Microbiol Rev 24:567-572. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2000.tb00558.x
21. Fuchsman CA, Kirkpatrick JB, Brazelton WJ, Murray JW, Staley JT (2011) Metabolic strategies of free-living and aggregate-associated bacterial communities inferred from biologic and chemical profiles in the Black Sea suboxic zone. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 78:586-603. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01189.x
22. Fuchsman CA, Staley JT, Oakley BB, Kirkpatrick JB, Murray JW (2012) Free-living and aggregate-associated Planctomycetes in the Black Sea. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01306.x
23. Fuerst JA (1995) The planctomycetes: emerging models for microbial ecology, evolution and cell biology. Microbiology 141:1493-1506. doi: 10.1099/13500872-141-7-1493
24. Fuerst JA (2004) Planctomycetes-a phylum of emerging interest for microbial evolution and ecology. WFCC Newsl 38:1-11
25. Fuerst JA (2005) Intracellular compartmentation in planctomycetes. Annu Rev Microbiol 59:299-328. doi: 10.1146/annurev. micro.59.030804.121258
26. Fuerst JA, Sagulenko E (2010) Protein uptake by bacteria: an endocytosis-like process in the planctomycete Gemmata obscuriglobus. Commun Integr Biol 3:572-575. doi: 10.4161/cib.3.6.13061
27. Fuerst JA, Sagulenko E (2011) Beyond the bacterium: planctomycetes challenge our concepts of microbial structure and function. Nat Rev Microbiol 9:403-413. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2578
28. Fuerst JA, Sagulenko E (2012) Keys to eukaryality: Planctomycetes and ancestral evolution of cellular complexity. Front Microbiol 3:167. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2012. 00167
29. Fuerst JA, Webb RI (1991) Membrane-bounded nucleoid in the eubacterium Gemmata obscuriglobus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:8184-8188, http://www.pnas.org/content/88/18/8184.full.pdf
30. Fuerst JA, Gwilliam HG, Lindsay M, Lichanska A, Belcher C, Vickers JE, Hugenholz P (1997) Isolation and molecular identification of planctomycete bacteria from postlarvae of the giant tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon. Appl Environ Microbiol 63:254-262, http://aem.highwire.org/content/63/1/254.full.pdf+html
31. Fuerst JA, Sambhi SK, Pynter JL, Hawkins JA, Atherton JG (1991) Isolation of a bacterium resembling Pirellula species from primary tissue culture of the giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon). Appl Environ Microbiol 57:3127-3134, http://aem.asm.org/content/57/11/3127.full.pdf+html
32. Fukunaga Y, Kurahashi M, Sakiyama Y, Ohuchi M, Yokota A, Harayama S (2009) Phycisphaera mikurensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a marine alga, and proposal of Phycisphaeraceae fam. nov., Phycisphaerales ord. nov. and Phycisphaerae classis nov. in the phylum Planctomycetes. J Gen Microbiol 55:267-275. doi: 10.2323/jgam.55.267
33. Gade D, Schlesner H, Glöckner FO, Amann R, Pfeiffer S, Thomm M (2004) Identification of planctomycetes with order-, genus-, and strain-specific 16S rRNA-targeted probes. Microb Ecol 47:243-251. doi: 10.1007/s00248-003-1016-9
34. Gade D, Theiss D, Lange D, Mirgorodskaya E, Lombardot T, Glöckner FO, Kube M, Reinhardt R, Amann R, Lehrach H, Rabus R, Gobom J (2005) Towards the proteome of the marine bacterium Rhodopirellula baltica: Mapping the soluble proteins. Proteomics 5:3654-3671. doi: 10.1002/pmic.200401201
35. Gimesi N (1924) Hydrobiologiai Tanulmányok [Hydrobiological studies]. I. Planctomyces Bekefii Gim. nov. gen. et sp. [Hungarian with German translation]. Kiadja a Magyar Ciszterci Rend, Budapest, pp 1-8
36. Giovannoni SJ, Schabtach E, Castenholz RW (1987) Isosphaera pallida, gen. and comb. nov., a gliding, budding eubacterium from hot springs. Arch Microbiol 147:276-284, http://www.springerlink.com.wwwproxy0.library.unsw.edu.au/content/m65277387kh03th6/fulltext.pdf
37. Glöckner FO, Kube M, Bauer M, Teeling H, Lombardot T, Ludwig W, Gade D, Beck A, Borzym K, Heitmann K, Rabus R, Schlesner H, Amann R, Reinhardt R (2003) Complete genome sequence of the marine planctomycete Pirellula sp. strain 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:8298-8303. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1431443100
38. Göker M, Cleland D, Saunders E, Lapidus A, Nolan M, Lucas S, Hammon N, Deshpande S, Cheng JF, Tapia R, Han C, Goodwin L, Pitluck S, Liolios K, Pagani I, Ivanova N, Mavromatis K, Pati A, Chen A, Palaniappan K, Land M, Hauser L, Chang YJ, Jeffries CD, Detter JC, Beck B, Woyke T, Bristow J, Eisen JA, Markowitz V, Hugenholtz P, Kyrpides NC, Klenk HP (2011) Complete genome sequence of Isosphaera pallida type strain (IS1B T). Stand Genomic Sci 4:63-71. doi: 10.4056/sigs. 1533840
39. Güven D, Dapena A, Kartal B, Schmid MC, Maas B, Van De Pas-Schoonen K, Sozen S, Mendez R (2005) Op den Camp HJM, Jetten MSM, Strous M, Schmidt I. Propionate oxidation by and methanol inhibition of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 71:1066-1071. doi: 10.1128/AEM.71.2.1066-1071.2005
40. Harrison BK, Zhang H, Berelson W, Orphan VJ (2009) Variations in archaeal and bacterial diversity associated with the sulfate-methane transition zone in continental margin sediments (Santa Barbara Basin, California). Appl Environ Microbiol 75:1487-1499. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01812-08
41. Henrici AT, Johnson DE (1935) Studies of fresh water bacteria. II. Stalked bacteria, a new order of Schizomycetes. J Bacteriol 30:61-93, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC543637/pdf/jbacter00803-0064.pdf
42. Hieu CX, Voigt B, Albrecht D, Becher D, Lombardot T, Glöckner FO, Amann R, Hecker M, Schweder T (2008) Detailed proteome analysis of growing cells of the planctomycete Rhodopirellula baltica SH1. Proteomics 8:1608-1623. doi: 10.1002/pmic.200701017
43. Hirsch P (1972) Two identical genera of budding and stalked bacteria: Planctomyces Gimesi 1924 and Blastocaulis Henrici and Johnson 1935. Int J Syst Bacteriol 22:107-111. doi: 10.1099/00207713-22-2-107
44. Hirsch P, Skuja H (1974) Planctomyces. In: Buchanan RE, Gibbons NE (eds) Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 8th edn. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MA
45. Hirsch P, Müller M (1985) Planctomyces limnophilus sp. nov., a stalked and budding bacterium from freshwater. Syst Appl Microbiol 6:276-280. doi: 10.1016/S0723-2020 (85) 80031-X
46. Hirsch P, Müller M (1986) Methods and sources for the enrichment and isolation of budding, nonprosthecate bacteria from freshwater. Microb Ecol 12:331-341, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4250896
47. Hirsch P, Rheinheimer G (1968) Biology of budding bacteria. V. Budding bacteria in aquatic habitats: occurrence, enrichment and isolation. Arch Mikrobiol 62:289-306
48. Hong YG, Yin B, Zheng TL (2011) Diversity and abundance of anammox bacterial community in the deep-ocean surface sediment from equatorial Pacific. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 89:1233-1241. doi: 10.1007/s00253-010-2925-4
49. Hou S, Makarova KS, Saw JHW, Senin P, Ly BV, Zhou Z, Ren Y, Wang J, Galperin MY, Omelchenko MV, Wolf YI, Yutin N, Koonin EV, Stott MB, Mountain BW, Crowe MA, Smirnova AV, Dunfield PF, Feng L, Wang L, Alam M (2008) Complete genome sequence of the extremely acidophilic methanotroph isolate V4, Methylacidiphilum infernorum, a representative of the bacterial phylum Verrucomicrobia. Biol Direct 3:26. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-26
50. Hortobágyi T (1965) Neue Planctomyces-Arten. Botaniki Kozlemenyek 52:111-119
51. Houwink AL (1951) Caulobacter versus Bacillus spec.div. Nature 168:654
52. Humbert S, Tarnawski S, Fromin N, Mallet MP, Aragno M, ZopfiJ (2010) Molecular detection of anammox bacteria in terrestrial ecosystems: distribution and diversity. ISME J 4:450-454. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2009.125
53. Janssen P (2006) Identifying the dominant soil bacterial taxa in libraries of 16S rRNA and 16S rRNA genes. Appl Environ Microbiol 72:1719-1728. doi: 10.1128/AEM. 72.3. 1719-1728.2006
54. Jenkins C, Fuerst JA (2001) Phylogenetic analysis of evolutionary relationships of the planctomycete division of the domain bacteria based on amino acid sequences of elongation factor Tu. J Mol Evol 52:405-418. doi: 10.1007/s002390010170
55. Jenkins C, Kedar V, Fuerst JA (2002) Gene discovery within the planctomycete division of the domain Bacteria using sequence tags from genomic DNA libraries. Genome Biol 3(6): RESEARCH0031, http://genomebiology.com/2002/3/6/research/0031.1
56. Jetten MSM, Op Den Camp H, Kuenen GJ, Strous M (2010) Order II.' Candidatus Brocadiales' ord. nov. In: Krieg NR, Staley JT, Brown DR, Hedlund BP, Paster BJ, Ward NL, Ludwig W, Whitman WB (eds) Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn. Springer, New York, NY
57. Jogler C, Glöckner FO, Kolter R (2011) Characterization of Planctomyces limnophilus and development of genetic tools for its manipulation establish it as a model species for the Phylum Planctomycetes. Appl Environ Microbiol 77:5826-5829. doi: 10.1128/AEM.05132-11
58. Kartal B, Kuypers MMM, Lavik G, Schalk J, Op Den Camp HJM, Jetten MSM, Strous M (2007a) Anammox bacteria disguised as denitrifiers: nitrate reduction to dinitrogen gas via nitrite and ammonium. Environ Microbiol 9:635-642. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.01183.x
59. Kartal B, Rattray J, Van Niftrik LA, Van De Vossenberg J, Schmid MC, Webb RI, Schouten S, Fuerst JA, Damsté JS, Jetten MS, Strous M (2007b) Candidatus "Anammoxoglobus propionicus" a new propionate oxidizing species of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria. Syst Appl Microbiol 30:39-49. doi: 10.1016/j.syapm.2006.03.004
60. Kartal B, Van Niftrik L, Rattray J, Van De Vossenberg J L CM, Schmid MC, Damsté JS, Jetten MSM, Strous M (2008) Candidatus 'Brocadia fulgida': an autofluorescent anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacterium. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 63:46-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00408.x
61. Kartal B, Van Niftrik L, Keltjens JT, Op Den Camp HJ, Jetten MS (2012) Anammox-growth physiology, cell biology and metabolism. Adv Microb Physiol 60:211-262. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-398264-3.00003-6
62. Köhler T, Stingl U, Meuser K, Brune A (2008) Novel lineages of Planctomycetes densely colonize the alkaline gut of soil-feeding termites (Cubitermes spp.). Environ Microbiol 10:1260-1270. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01540.x
63. König E, Schlesner H, Hirsch P (1984) Cell wall studies on budding bacteria of the Planctomyces/Pasteuria group and on a Prosthecomicrobium sp. Arch Microbiol 138:200-205. doi: 10.1007/BF00402120
64. Kuenen JG (2008) Anammox bacteria: from discovery to application. Nat Rev Microbiol 6:320-326. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro1857
65. Kulichevskaya IS, Baulina OI, Bodelier PLE, Rijpstra WIC, Damsté JSS, Dedysh SN (2009) Zavarzinella formosa gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel stalked, Gemmata-like planctomycete from a Siberian peat bog. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:357-364. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.002378-0
66. Kulichevskaya IS, Detkova EN, Bodelier PLE, Rijpstra WIC, Damsté JSS, Dedysh SN (2012) Singulisphaera rosea sp. nov., a planctomycete from acidic Sphagnum peat, and emended description of the genus Singulisphaera. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 62:118-123. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.025924-0
67. Kulichevskaya IS, Ivanova AO, Baulina OI, Bodelier PLE, Damsté JSS, Dedysh SN (2008) Singulisphaera acidiphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a non-filamentous, Isosphaera-like planctomycete from acidic northern wetlands. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1186-1193. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.65593-0
68. Kulichevskaya IS, Ivanova AO, Belova SE, Baulina OI, Bodelier PLE, Rijpstra WIC, Damsté JSS, Zavarzin GA, Dedysh SN (2007) Schlesneria paludicola gen. nov., sp. nov., the first acidophilic member of the order Planctomycetales, from Sphagnum-dominated boreal wetlands. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2680-2687. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.65157-0
69. Kulichevskaya IS, Pankratov TA, Dedysh SN (2006) Detection of representatives of the Planctomycetes in Sphagnum peat bogs by molecular and cultivation approaches. Mikrobiologiya 75:389-396. doi: 10.1134/S0026261706030155
70. Kuypers MM, Lavik G, Woebken D, Schmid M, Fuchs BM, Amann R, Jørgensen BB, Jetten M S M (2005) Massive nitrogen loss from the Benguela upwelling system through anaerobic ammonium oxidation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102:6478-6483. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0502088102
71. Kuypers MM, Sliekers AO, Lavik G, Schmid M, Jørgensen BB, Kuenen JG, Damsté JS, Strous M, Jetten MS (2003) Anaerobic ammonium oxidation by anammox bacteria in the Black Sea. Nature 422:608-611. doi: 10.1038/nature01472
72. Labutti K, Sikorski J, Schneider S, Nolan M, Lucas S, Del Rio TG, Tice H, Cheng JF, Goodwin L, Pitluck S, Liolios K, Ivanova N, Mavromatis K, Mikhailova N, Pati A, Chen A, Palaniappan K, Land M, Hauser L, Chang YJ, Jeffries CD, Tindall BJ, Rohde M, Göker M, Woyke T, Bristow J, Eisen JA, Markowitz V, Hugenholtz P, Kyrpides NC, Klenk HP, Lapidus A (2010) Complete genome sequence of Planctomyces limnophilus type strain (Mü 290 T). Stand Genomic Sci 3:1. doi: 10.4056/sigs.1052813
73. Lage OM, Bondoso J (2011) Planctomycetes diversity associated with macroalgae. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 78:366-375. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01168.x
74. Langó Z (2005) "Who has first observed Planctomyces" (or data to the history of Planctomyces bekefii). Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 52:73-84
75. Lee S Y, Bollinger J, Bezdicek D, Ogram A (1996) Estimation of the abundance of an uncultured soil bacterial strain by a competitive quantitative PCR method. Appl Environ Microbiol 62:3787-3793. http://aem.asm.org/content/62/10/3787.long
76. Li H, Chen S, Mu BZ, Gu JD (2010) Molecular detection of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria in high-temperature petroleum reservoirs. Microb Ecol 60:771-783. doi: 10.1007/s00248-010-9733-3
77. Lindsay MR, Webb RI, Fuerst JA (1997) Pirellulosomes: a new type of membrane-bounded cell compartment in planctomycete bacteria of the genus Pirellula. Microbiology 143:739-748. doi: 10.1007/s002030100280
78. Lindsay MR, Webb RI, Strous M, Jetten MS, Butler MK, Forde RJ, Fuerst JA (2001) Cell compartmentalisation in planctomycetes: novel types of structural organisation for the bacterial cell. Arch Microbiol 175:413-429. doi: 10.1007/s002030100280
79. Liu JR, McKenzie CA, Seviour EM, Webb RI, Blackall LL, Saint CP, Seviour RJ (2001) Phylogeny of the filamentous bacterium ' Nostocoida limicola ' III from activated sludge. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:195-202, http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/content/51/1/195.full.pdf+html
80. Lonhienne TG, Sagulenko E, Webb RI, Lee KC, Franke J, Devos DP, Nouwens A, Carroll BJ, Fuerst JA (2010) Endocytosis-like protein uptake in the bacterium Gemmata obscuriglobus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:12883-12888. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1001085107
81. Makarova KS, Koonin EV (2010) Two new families of the FtsZ-tubulin protein superfamily implicated in membrane remodeling in diverse bacteria and archaea. Biol Direct 5:33, http://www.biology-direct.com/content/5/1/33
82. McInerney JO, Martin WF, Koonin EV, Allen JF, Galperin MY, Lane N, Archibald JM, Embley TM (2011) Planctomycetes and eukaryotes: A case of analogy and not homology. Bioessays 33:810-817. doi: 10.1002/bies.201100045
83. Medema MH, Zhou M, Van Hijum S A FT, Gloerich J, Wessels H J CT, Siezen RJ, Strous M (2010) A predicted physiochemically distinct sub-proteome associated with the intracellular organelle of the anammox bacterium Kuenenia stuttgartiensis. BMC Genomics 11:299. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-299
84. Metchnikoff E (1888) Pasteuria ramosa, un représentant des bactèries á division longitudinale. Ann Inst Pasteur 2:165-170
85. Morris RM, Longnecker K, Giovannoni SJ (2006) Pirellula and OM43 are among the dominant lineages identified in an Oregon coast diatom bloom. Environ Microbiol 8:1361-1370. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.01029.x
86. Mulder A, Van De Graaf AA, Robertson LA, Kuenen JG (1995) Anaerobic ammonium oxidation discovered in a denitrifying fluidized bed reactor. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 16:177-183. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1995.tb00281.x
87. Nogales B, Moore ERB, Llobet-Brossa E, Rossello-Mora R, Amann R, Timmis KN (2001) Combined use of 16S ribosomal DNA and 16S rRNA to study the bacterial community of polychlorinated biphenyl-polluted soil. Appl Environ Microbiol 67:1874-1884. doi: 10.1128/AEM.67.4.1874-1884.2001
88. Pierson BK, Giovannoni SJ, Stahl DA, Castenholz RW (1985) Heliothrix oregonensis, gen. nov., sp. nov., a phototrophic filamentous gliding bacterium containing bacteriochlorophyll a. Arch Microbiol 142:164-167. doi: 10.1007/BF00447061
89. Pearson A, Budin M, Brocks JJ (2003) Phylogenetic and biochemical evidence for sterol synthesis in the bacterium Gemmata obscuriglobus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:15352-15357. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2536559100
90. Rabus R, Gade D, Helbig R, Bauer M, Glöckner FO, Kube M, Schlesner H, Reinhardt R, Amann R (2002) Analysis of N-acetylglucosamine metabolism in the marine bacterium Pirellula sp. strain 1 by a proteomic approach. Proteomics 2:649-655. doi: 10.1002/1615-9861 (200206)
91. Reynaud EG, Devos DP (2011) Transitional forms between the three domains of life and evolutionary implications. Proc R Soc B 278:3321-3328. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2011. 1581
92. Richards FA (1965) Anoxic basins and fjords. In: Riley JP, Skirrow G (eds) Chemical Oceanography, Vol 1. Academic, London
93. Santarella-Mellwig R, Franke J, Jaedicke A, Gorjanacz M, Bauer U, Budd A, Mattaj IW, Devos DP (2010) The compartmentalized bacteria of the Planctomycetes-Verrucomicrobia-Chlamydiae superphylum have membrane coat-like proteins. PLoS Biol 8:e1000281. doi: 10.1371/journal. pbio.1000281
94. Sayre RM, Gherna RL, Wergin WP (1983) Morphological and taxonomic reevaluation of Pasteuria ramosa Metchnikoff 1888 and ' Bacillus penetrans ' Mankau 1975. Int J Syst Bacteriol 33:636-649. doi: 10.1099/00207713-33-3-636
95. Schlesner H (1986) Pirella marina sp. nov., a budding, peptidoglycan-less bacterium from brackish water. Syst Appl Microbiol 8:177-180. doi: 10.1016/S0723-2020 (86) 80073-X
96. Schlesner H (1989) Planctomyces brasiliensis sp. nov., a halotolerant bacterium from a salt pit. Syst Appl Microbiol 12:159-161. doi: 10.1016/S0723-2020 (89) 80008-6
97. Schlesner H (1994) The development of media suitable for the microorganisms morphologically resembling Planctomyces spp, Pirellula spp, and other Planctomycetales from various aquatic habitats using dilute media. Syst Appl Microbiol 17:135-145. doi: 10.1016/S0723-2020 (11) 80042-1
98. Schlesner H, Hirsch P (1984) Assignment of ATCC 27377 to Pirella gen. nov. as Pirella staleyi comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 34:492-495. doi: 10.1099/00207713-34-4-492
99. Schlesner H, Hirsch P (1987) Rejection of the genus name Pirella for pear-shaped budding bacteria and proposal to create the genus Pirellula gen. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:441
100. Schlesner H, Stackebrandt E (1986) Assignment of the genera Planctomyces and Pirella to a new family Planctomycetaceae fam.nov., and description of the order Planctomycetales ord. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 8:174-176. doi: 10.1016/S0723-2020 (86) 80072-8
101. Schlesner H, Rensmann C, Tindall BJ, Gade D, Rabus R, Pfeiffer S, Hirsch P (2004) Taxonomic heterogeneity within the Planctomycetales as derived by DNA-DNA hybridization, description of Rhodopirellula baltica gen. nov., sp. nov., transfer of Pirellula marina to the genus Blastopirellula gen. nov. as Blastopirellula marina comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Pirellula. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1567-1580. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.63113-0
102. Schmid MC, Maas B, Van De Vossenberg J, Cirpus I, Kuenen JG, Kuypers M, Dapena A, Kartal B, Van De Pas-Schoonen K, Van Niftrik L, Wagner M, Revsbech NP, Jetten MSM, Schmidt I, Damsté JSS, Mendez R, Strous M (2005) Biomarkers for in situ detection of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (Anammox) bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 71:1677-1684. doi: 10.1128/AEM.71.4.1677-1684.2005
103. Schmid M, Walsh K, Webb R, Rijpstra WI, Van De Pas-Schoonen K, Verbruggen MJ, Hill T, Moffet B, Fuerst J, Schouten S, Damsté JS, Harris J, Shaw P, Jetten M, Strous M (2003) Candidatus "Scalindua brodae", sp. nov., Candidatus "Scalindua wagneri", sp. nov., two new species of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria. Syst Appl Microbiol 26:529-538. doi: 10.1078/072320203770865837
104. Schmidt JM (1978) Isolation and ultrastructure of freshwater strains of Planctomyces. Curr Microbiol 1:65-70. doi: 10.1007/BF02605417
105. Schmidt JM, Starr MP (1978) Morphological diversity of freshwater bacteria belonging to the Blastocaulis-Planctomyces group as observed in natural populations and enrichments. Curr Microbiol 1:325-330. doi: 10.1007/BF02621363
106. Schmidt JM, Starr MP (1979a) Corniculate cell surface protrusions in morphotype II of the Blastocaulis-Planctomyces group of budding and appendaged bacteria. Curr Microbiol 3:187-190. doi: 10.1007/BF02601865
107. Schmidt JM, Starr MP (1979b) Morphotype V of the Blastocaulis-Planctomyces group of budding and appendaged bacteria: Planctomyces guttaeformis Hortobágyi (sensu Hajdu). Curr Microbiol 2:195-200. doi: 10.1007/BF02601711
108. Schmidt JM, Starr MP (1980a) Current sightings, at the respective type localities and elsewhere, of Planctomyces bekefii Gimesi 1924 and Blastocaulis sphaerica Henrici and Johnson 1935. Curr Microbiol 4:183-188. doi: 10.1007/BF02602826
109. Schmidt JM, Starr MP (1980) Some ultrastructural features of Planctomyces bekefii, morphotype I of the Blastocaulis-Planctomyces group of budding and appendaged bacteria. Curr Microbiol 4:189-194. doi: 10.1007/BF02605855
110. Schmidt JM, Sharp WP, Starr MP (1981) Manganese and iron encrustation and other features of Planctomyces crassus Hortobágyi 1965, morphotype Ib of the Blastocaulis-Planctomyces group of budding and appendaged bacteria, examined by electron microscopy and x-ray microanalysis. Curr Microbiol 5:241-246. doi: 10.1007/BF01571155
111. Schmidt JM, Starr MP (1982) Ultrastructural features of budding cells in a prokaryote belonging to the morphotype IV of the Blastocaulis-Planctomyces group. Curr Microbiol 7:7-11. doi: 10.1007/BF01570972
112. Schmidt JM, Sharp WP, Starr MP (1982) Metallic-oxide encrustations of the nonprosthecate stalks of naturally occurring populations of Planctomyces bekefii. Curr Microbiol 7:389-394. doi: 10.1007/BF01572610
113. Skerman V B D (1968) A new type of micromanipulator and microforge. J Gen Microbiol 54:287-297. doi: 10.1099/00221287-54-2-287
114. Staley JT (1968) Prosthecomicrobium and Ancalomicrobium: new prosthecate freshwater bacteria. J Bacteriol 95:1921-1942, http://jb.asm.org/content/95/5/1921.full.pdf+html
115. Staley JT (1973) Budding bacteria of the Pasteuria-Blastobacter group. Can J Microbiol 19:609-614. doi: 10.1139/m73-100
116. Staley JT, Marshall KC, Skerman VB (1980) Budding and prosthecate bacteria from freshwater habitats of various trophic states. Microb Ecol 5:245-251, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4250583
117. Starr MP, Schmidt JM (1984) Planctomyces stranskae (ex Wawrik 1952) sp. nov., nom. rev and Planctomyces guttaeformis (ex Hortobágyi 1965) sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Bacteriol 34:470-477. doi: 10.1099/00207713-34-4-470
118. Starr MP, Sayre RM, Schmidt JM (1983) Assignment of ATCC 27377 to Planctomyces staleyi sp. nov. and conservation of Pasteuria ramosa Metchnikoff 1888 on the basis of type descriptive material. Int J Syst Bacteriol 33:666-671. doi: 10.1099/00207713-33-3-666
119. Strous M, Fuerst JA, Kramer EH, Logemann S, Muyzer G, Van De Pas-Schoonen KT, Webb R, Kuenen JG, Jetten MS (1999) Missing lithotroph identified as new planctomycete. Nature 400:446-449. doi: 10.1038/22749
120. Strous M, Heijnen JJ, Kuenen JG, Jetten M S M (1998) The sequencing batch reactor as a powerful tool for the study of slowly growing anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 50:589-596. doi: 10.1007/s0025300 51340
121. Strous M, Pelletier E, Mangenot S, Rattei T, Lehner A, Taylor MW, Horn M, Daims H, Bartol-Mavel D, Wincker P, Barbe V, Fonknechten N, Vallenet D, Segurens B, Schenowitz-Truong C, Médigue C, Collingro A, Snel B, Dutilh BE, Op Den Camp HJM, Van Der Drift C, Cirpus I, Van De Pas-Schoonen KT, Harhangi HR, Van Niftrik L, Schmid M, Keltjens J, Van De Vossenberg J, Kartal B, Meier H, Frishman D, Huynen MA, Mewes HW, Weissenbach J, Jetten MSM, Wagner M, Le Paslier D (2006) Deciphering the evolution and metabolism of an anammox bacterium from a community genome. Nature 440:790-794. doi: 10.1038/nature04647
122. Tekniepe BL, Schmidt JM, Starr MP (1981) Life cycle of a budding and appendaged bacterium belonging to morphotype IV of the Blastocaulis-Planctomyces group. Curr Microbiol 5:1-6. doi: 10.1007/BF01566588
123. Van De Graaf AA, Mulder A, De Bruijn P, De Bruijn MSM, Robertson LA, Kuenen JG (1995) Anaerobic oxidation of ammonium is a biologically driven process. Appl Environ Microbiol 61:1246-1251, http://aem.asm.org/content/61/4/1246
124. Van De Vossenberg J, Rattray JE, Geerts W, Kartal B, Van Niftrik L, Van Donselaar EG, Damsté JSS, Strous M, Jetten M S M (2008) Enrichment and characterization of marine anammox bacteria associated with global nitrogen gas production. Environ Microbiol 10:3120-3129. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01643.x
125. Van Niftrik L, Fuerst JA, Damsté JSS, Kuenen JG, Jetten MSM, Strous M (2004) The anammoxosome: an intracytoplasmic compartment in anammox bacteria. FEMS Microbiol Lett 233:7-13. doi: 10.1016/j.femsle.2004.01.044
126. Van Niftrik L, Jetten MS (2012) Anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria: unique microorganisms with exceptional properties. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 76:585-596. doi: 10.1128/MMBR.05025-11
127. Wagner M, Horn M (2006) The Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae and sister phyla comprise a superphylum with biotechnological and medical relevance. Curr Opin Biotechnol 17:241-249. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2006.05.005
128. Wang J, Jenkins C, Webb RI, Fuerst JA (2002) Isolation of Gemmata-like and Isosphaera-like planctomycete bacteria from soil and freshwater. Appl Environ Microbiol 68:417-422. doi: 10.1128/AEM.68.1.417-422.2002
129. Ward NL (2010) Phylum XXV. Planctomycetes Garrity and Holt (2001), 137 emend. Ward (this volume). In: Whitman WB (ed) Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology, 2nd edn. Springer, New York, NY
130. Ward NL, Rainey FA, Hedlund BP, Staley JT, Ludwig W, Stackebrandt E (2000) Comparative phylogenetic analyses of members of the order Planctomycetales and the division Verrucomicrobia: 23S rRNA gene sequence analysis supports the 16S rRNA gene sequencederived phylogeny. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:1965-1972, http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/content/50/6/1965.long
131. Ward N, Rainey FA, Stackebrandt E, Schlesner H (1995) Unraveling the extent of the diversity within the order Planctomycetales. Appl Environ Microbiol 61:2270-2275, http://aem.asm.org.wwwproxy0.library.unsw.edu.au/content/61/6/2270.full.pdf+html
132. Wecker P, Klockow C, Ellrott A, Quast C, Langhammer P, Harder J, Glöckner FO (2009) Transcriptional response of the model planctomycete Rhodopirellula baltica SH1T to changing environmental conditions. BMC Genomics 10:410. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-410
133. Winkelmann N, Harder J (2009) An improved isolation method for attached-living Planctomycetes of the genus Rhodopirellula. J Microbiol Methods 77:276-284. doi: 10.1016/jmimet.2009.03.002
134. Woebken D, Teeling H, Wecker P, Dumitriu A, Kostadinov I, Delong EF, Amann R, Glöckner FO (2007) Fosmids of novel marine Planctomycetes from the Namibian and Oregon coast upwelling systems and their cross-comparison with planctomycete genomes. ISME J 1:419-435. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2007.63
135. Yamada S, Sugahara K, Özbek S (2011) Evolution of glycosaminoglycans. Commun Integr Biol 4:150-158. doi: 10.4161/cib.4.2.14547
136. Yee B, Jenkins C, Fuerst JA, Staley JT (2008) Novel diversity within a large collection of planctomycetes strains isolated from soil. Presented at the 108th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, Boston.
137. Zengler K, Toledo G, Rappé M, Elkins J, Mathur EJ, Short JM, Keller M (2002) Cultivating the uncultured. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:15681-15686. doi: 10.1073/pnas.252630999
138. Zhu G, Wang S, Wang Y, Wang C, Risgaard-Petersen N, Jetten MSM, Yin C (2011) Anaerobic ammonia oxidation in a fertilized paddy soil. ISME J 5:1905-1912. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2011.63