메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 100, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 360-375

Anxious, threatened, and also unethical: How anxiety makes individuals feel threatened and commit unethical acts

Author keywords

Anxiety; Emotions; Ethics; Perceived threat; Unethical behavior

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANXIETY; DECEPTION; FEAR; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MORALITY; PSYCHOLOGY; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84929720187     PISSN: 00219010     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0037796     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (229)

References (122)
  • 1
    • 0001179490 scopus 로고
    • Social inclusion as a marketing ethics correlate
    • Akaah, I. P. (1992). Social inclusion as a marketing ethics correlate. Journal of Business Ethics, 11, 599-608. doi:10.1007/BF00872271.
    • (1992) Journal of Business Ethics , vol.11 , pp. 599-608
    • Akaah, I.P.1
  • 4
    • 0141551723 scopus 로고
    • Caffeine, impulsivity, and memory scanning: A comparison of two explanations for the Yerkes-Dodson effect
    • Anderson, K., Revelle, W., & Lynch, M. (1989). Caffeine, impulsivity, and memory scanning: A comparison of two explanations for the Yerkes-Dodson effect. Motivation and Emotion, 13, 1-20. doi:10.1007/BF00995541.
    • (1989) Motivation and Emotion , vol.13 , pp. 1-20
    • Anderson, K.1    Revelle, W.2    Lynch, M.3
  • 5
    • 0000662081 scopus 로고
    • Content, causes, and consequences of job insecurity: A theory-based measure and substantive test
    • Ashford, S., Lee, C., & Bobko, P. (1989). Content, causes, and consequences of job insecurity: A theory-based measure and substantive test. Academy of Management Journal, 32, 803-829. doi:10.2307/256569.
    • (1989) Academy of Management Journal , vol.32 , pp. 803-829
    • Ashford, S.1    Lee, C.2    Bobko, P.3
  • 6
    • 56349158299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of 25 years of mood-creativity research: Hedonic tone, activation, or regulatory focus?
    • Baas, M., De Dreu, C. K. W., & Nijstad, B. A. (2008). A meta-analysis of 25 years of mood-creativity research: Hedonic tone, activation, or regulatory focus? Psychological Bulletin, 134, 779-806. doi:10.1037/a0012815.
    • (2008) Psychological Bulletin , vol.134 , pp. 779-806
    • Baas, M.1    De Dreu, C.K.W.2    Nijstad, B.A.3
  • 7
    • 84862260713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pot calling the kettle black: Distancing response to ethical dissonance
    • Barkan, R., Ayal, S., Gino, F., & Ariely, D. (2012). The pot calling the kettle black: Distancing response to ethical dissonance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 141, 757-773. doi:10.1037/a0027588.
    • (2012) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.141 , pp. 757-773
    • Barkan, R.1    Ayal, S.2    Gino, F.3    Ariely, D.4
  • 10
    • 0029690788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of threatened egotism to violence and aggression: The dark side of high self-esteem
    • Baumeister, R. F., Smart, L., & Boden, J. (1996). Relation of threatened egotism to violence and aggression: The dark side of high self-esteem. Psychological Review, 103, 5-33. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.103.1.5.
    • (1996) Psychological Review , vol.103 , pp. 5-33
    • Baumeister, R.F.1    Smart, L.2    Boden, J.3
  • 12
    • 34548480906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived threat: Exploring its association with worry and its hypothesized antecedents
    • Berenbaum, H., Thompson, R. J., & Bredemeier, K. (2007). Perceived threat: Exploring its association with worry and its hypothesized antecedents. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 2473-2482. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2007.03.015.
    • (2007) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.45 , pp. 2473-2482
    • Berenbaum, H.1    Thompson, R.J.2    Bredemeier, K.3
  • 13
    • 84864517335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating online labor markets for experimental research: Amazon.com's Mechanical Turk
    • Berinsky, A. J., Huber, G. A., & Lenz, G. S. (2012). Evaluating online labor markets for experimental research: Amazon.com's Mechanical Turk. Political Analysis, 20, 351-368. doi:10.1093/pan/mpr057.
    • (2012) Political Analysis , vol.20 , pp. 351-368
    • Berinsky, A.J.1    Huber, G.A.2    Lenz, G.S.3
  • 14
    • 0034100403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common mood and anxiety states: Gender differences in the protective effect of physical activity
    • Bhui, K., & Fletcher, A. (2000). Common mood and anxiety states: Gender differences in the protective effect of physical activity. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 35, 28-35. doi:10.1007/s001270050005.
    • (2000) Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology , vol.35 , pp. 28-35
    • Bhui, K.1    Fletcher, A.2
  • 15
    • 1642458476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prefrontal cortical function and anxiety: Controlling attention to threat-related stimuli
    • Bishop, S., Duncan, J., Brett, M., & Lawrence, A. D. (2004). Prefrontal cortical function and anxiety: Controlling attention to threat-related stimuli. Nature Neuroscience, 7, 184-188. doi:10.1038/nn1173.
    • (2004) Nature Neuroscience , vol.7 , pp. 184-188
    • Bishop, S.1    Duncan, J.2    Brett, M.3    Lawrence, A.D.4
  • 16
    • 84858222067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Worry and perceived threat of proximal and distal undesirable outcomes
    • Bredemeier, K., Berenbaum, H., & Spielber, J. M. (2012). Worry and perceived threat of proximal and distal undesirable outcomes. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26, 425-429. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2012.01.001.
    • (2012) Journal of Anxiety Disorders , vol.26 , pp. 425-429
    • Bredemeier, K.1    Berenbaum, H.2    Spielber, J.M.3
  • 18
    • 79952740165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can Nervous Nelly negotiate? How anxiety causes negotiators to make low first offers, exit early, and earn less profit
    • Brooks, A. W., & Schweitzer, M. E. (2011). Can Nervous Nelly negotiate? How anxiety causes negotiators to make low first offers, exit early, and earn less profit. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 115, 43-54. doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2011.01.008.
    • (2011) Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , vol.115 , pp. 43-54
    • Brooks, A.W.1    Schweitzer, M.E.2
  • 19
    • 79960392344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amazon's Mechanical Turk: A new source of inexpensive, yet high-quality, data?
    • Buhrmester, M., Kwang, T., & Gosling, S. D. (2011). Amazon's Mechanical Turk: A new source of inexpensive, yet high-quality, data? Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6, 3-5. doi:10.1177/1745691610393980.
    • (2011) Perspectives on Psychological Science , vol.6 , pp. 3-5
    • Buhrmester, M.1    Kwang, T.2    Gosling, S.D.3
  • 20
    • 0022776714 scopus 로고
    • Labor markets and helpseeking: A test of the employment security hypothesis
    • Catalano, R., Rook, K., & Dooley, D. (1986). Labor markets and helpseeking: A test of the employment security hypothesis. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 27, 277-287. doi:10.2307/2136747.
    • (1986) Journal of Health and Social Behavior , vol.27 , pp. 277-287
    • Catalano, R.1    Rook, K.2    Dooley, D.3
  • 21
    • 0036243850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Materialism as an attempt to cope with uncertainty
    • Chang, L., & Arkin, R. M. (2002). Materialism as an attempt to cope with uncertainty. Psychology and Marketing, 19, 389-406. doi:10.1002/mar.10016.
    • (2002) Psychology and Marketing , vol.19 , pp. 389-406
    • Chang, L.1    Arkin, R.M.2
  • 22
    • 0035642048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organizational actions in response to threats and opportunities
    • Chattopadhyay, P., Glick, W. H., & Huber, G. P. (2001). Organizational actions in response to threats and opportunities. Academy of Management Journal, 44, 937-955. doi:10.2307/3069439.
    • (2001) Academy of Management Journal , vol.44 , pp. 937-955
    • Chattopadhyay, P.1    Glick, W.H.2    Huber, G.P.3
  • 23
    • 34548215664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How emotions inform judgment and regulate thought
    • Clore, G. L., & Huntsinger, J. R. (2007). How emotions inform judgment and regulate thought. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11, 393-399. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2007.08.005.
    • (2007) Trends in Cognitive Sciences , vol.11 , pp. 393-399
    • Clore, G.L.1    Huntsinger, J.R.2
  • 25
    • 0032535291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are different parts of the extended amygdala involved in fear versus anxiety?
    • Davis, M. (1998). Are different parts of the extended amygdala involved in fear versus anxiety? Biological Psychiatry, 44, 1239-1247. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00288-1.
    • (1998) Biological Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 1239-1247
    • Davis, M.1
  • 26
    • 32644454925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Priming a new identity: Self-monitoring moderates the effects of nonself primes on self-judgments and behavior
    • DeMarree, K. G., Wheeler, S. C., & Petty, R. E. (2005). Priming a new identity: Self-monitoring moderates the effects of nonself primes on self-judgments and behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 657-671. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.89.5.657.
    • (2005) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.89 , pp. 657-671
    • DeMarree, K.G.1    Wheeler, S.C.2    Petty, R.E.3
  • 27
    • 41549124000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moral disengagement in ethical decision making: A study of antecedents and outcomes
    • Detert, J. R., Trevino, L. K., & Sweitzer, V. L. (2008). Moral disengagement in ethical decision making: A study of antecedents and outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93, 374-391. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.93.2.374.
    • (2008) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.93 , pp. 374-391
    • Detert, J.R.1    Trevino, L.K.2    Sweitzer, V.L.3
  • 28
    • 0035007062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical activity dose-response effects on outcome of depression and anxiety
    • Dunn, A. L., Trivedi, M. H., & O'Neal, H. A. (2001). Physical activity dose-response effects on outcome of depression and anxiety. Medical Science Sports Exercise, 33, S587-S597. doi:10.1097/00005768-200106001-00027.
    • (2001) Medical Science Sports Exercise , vol.33 , pp. S587-S597
    • Dunn, A.L.1    Trivedi, M.H.2    O'Neal, H.A.3
  • 29
    • 0023068773 scopus 로고
    • The relation of empathy to prosocial and related behaviors
    • Eisenberg, N., & Miller, P. A. (1987). The relation of empathy to prosocial and related behaviors. Psychological Bulletin, 101, 91-119. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.101.1.91.
    • (1987) Psychological Bulletin , vol.101 , pp. 91-119
    • Eisenberg, N.1    Miller, P.A.2
  • 30
    • 0027588084 scopus 로고
    • Facial expression and emotion
    • Ekman, P. (1993). Facial expression and emotion. American Psychologist, 48, 384-392. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.48.4.384.
    • (1993) American Psychologist , vol.48 , pp. 384-392
    • Ekman, P.1
  • 33
    • 38249013141 scopus 로고
    • Anxiety and susceptibility to distraction
    • Eysenck, M. W., & Byrne, A. (1992). Anxiety and susceptibility to distraction. Personality and Individual Differences, 13, 793-798. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(92)90052-Q.
    • (1992) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.13 , pp. 793-798
    • Eysenck, M.W.1    Byrne, A.2
  • 34
    • 34249066682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anxiety and cognitive performance: Attentional control theory
    • Eysenck, M. W., Derakshan, N., Santos, R., & Calvo, M. G. (2007). Anxiety and cognitive performance: Attentional control theory. Emotion, 7, 336-353. doi:10.1037/1528-3542.7.2.336.
    • (2007) Emotion , vol.7 , pp. 336-353
    • Eysenck, M.W.1    Derakshan, N.2    Santos, R.3    Calvo, M.G.4
  • 35
    • 0036096833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attentional bias for threat: Evidence for delayed disengagement from emotional faces
    • Fox, E., Russo, R., & Dutton, K. (2002). Attentional bias for threat: Evidence for delayed disengagement from emotional faces. Cognition and Emotion, 16, 355-379. doi:10.1080/02699930143000527.
    • (2002) Cognition and Emotion , vol.16 , pp. 355-379
    • Fox, E.1    Russo, R.2    Dutton, K.3
  • 37
    • 0003893572 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press
    • Frijda, N. H. (1986). The emotions. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1986) The emotions
    • Frijda, N.H.1
  • 39
    • 77953159973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attachment, authenticity, and honesty: Dispositional and experimentally induced security can reduce self-and other-deception
    • Gillath, O., Sesko, A. K., Shaver, P. R., & Chun, D. S. (2010). Attachment, authenticity, and honesty: Dispositional and experimentally induced security can reduce self-and other-deception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98, 841-855. doi:10.1037/a0019206.
    • (2010) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.98 , pp. 841-855
    • Gillath, O.1    Sesko, A.K.2    Shaver, P.R.3    Chun, D.S.4
  • 40
    • 84863769696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anxiety, advice, and the ability to discern: Feeling anxious motivates individuals to seek and use advice
    • Gino, F., Brooks, A., & Schweitzer, M. (2012). Anxiety, advice, and the ability to discern: Feeling anxious motivates individuals to seek and use advice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102, 497-512. doi:10.1037/a0026413.
    • (2012) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.102 , pp. 497-512
    • Gino, F.1    Brooks, A.2    Schweitzer, M.3
  • 41
    • 79956289716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bringing ethics into focus: How regulatory focus and risk preferences influence (un)ethical behavior
    • Gino, F., & Margolis, J. D. (2011). Bringing ethics into focus: How regulatory focus and risk preferences influence (un)ethical behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 115, 145-156. doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2011.01.006.
    • (2011) Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , vol.115 , pp. 145-156
    • Gino, F.1    Margolis, J.D.2
  • 42
    • 77953804634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The counterfeit self: The deceptive costs of faking it
    • Gino, F., Norton, M., & Ariely, D. (2010). The counterfeit self: The deceptive costs of faking it. Psychological Science, 21, 712-720. doi: 10.1177/0956797610366545.
    • (2010) Psychological Science , vol.21 , pp. 712-720
    • Gino, F.1    Norton, M.2    Ariely, D.3
  • 43
    • 69549098114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dishonesty in the name of equity
    • Gino, F., & Pierce, L. (2009). Dishonesty in the name of equity. Psychological Science, 20, 1153-1160. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02421.x.
    • (2009) Psychological Science , vol.20 , pp. 1153-1160
    • Gino, F.1    Pierce, L.2
  • 45
    • 67649909704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurocognitive consequences of sleep deprivation
    • Goel, N., Rao, H., Durmer, J. S., & Dinges, D. F. (2009). Neurocognitive consequences of sleep deprivation. Seminars in Neurology, 29, 320-339. doi:10.1055/s-0029-1237117.
    • (2009) Seminars in Neurology , vol.29 , pp. 320-339
    • Goel, N.1    Rao, H.2    Durmer, J.S.3    Dinges, D.F.4
  • 46
    • 38949215105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does intrinsic motivation fuel the prosocial fire?. Motivational synergy in predicting persistence, performance, and productivity
    • Grant, A. M. (2008). Does intrinsic motivation fuel the prosocial fire? Motivational synergy in predicting persistence, performance, and productivity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93, 48-58. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.93.1.48.
    • (2008) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.93 , pp. 48-58
    • Grant, A.M.1
  • 47
    • 69949171511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hot and cool of death awareness at work: Mortality cues, aging, and self-protective and prosocial motivations
    • Grant, A. M., & Wade-Benzoni, K. A. (2009). The hot and cool of death awareness at work: Mortality cues, aging, and self-protective and prosocial motivations. Academy of Management Review, 34, 600-622. doi: 10.5465/AMR.2009.44882929.
    • (2009) Academy of Management Review , vol.34 , pp. 600-622
    • Grant, A.M.1    Wade-Benzoni, K.A.2
  • 48
    • 84951407316 scopus 로고
    • Fear, panic, and anxiety: What's in a name?
    • Gray, J. (1991). Fear, panic, and anxiety: What's in a name? Psychological Inquiry, 2, 77-78. doi:10.1207/s15327965pli0201_18.
    • (1991) Psychological Inquiry , vol.2 , pp. 77-78
    • Gray, J.1
  • 49
    • 0035860542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An fMRI investigation of emotional engagement in moral judgment
    • Greene, J. D., Sommerville, R. B., Nystrom, L. E., Darley, J. M., & Cohen, J. D. (2001). An fMRI investigation of emotional engagement in moral judgment. Science, 293, 2105-2108. doi:10.1126/science.1062872.
    • (2001) Science , vol.293 , pp. 2105-2108
    • Greene, J.D.1    Sommerville, R.B.2    Nystrom, L.E.3    Darley, J.M.4    Cohen, J.D.5
  • 50
    • 84909358155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emotional dog and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral judgment
    • Haidt, J. (2001). The emotional dog and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral judgment. Psychological Review, 108, 814-834. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.108.4.814.
    • (2001) Psychological Review , vol.108 , pp. 814-834
    • Haidt, J.1
  • 51
    • 0034166838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interpersonal evaluations following threats to self: Role of self-esteem
    • Heatherton, T. F., & Vohs, K. D. (2000). Interpersonal evaluations following threats to self: Role of self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 725-736. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.78.4.725.
    • (2000) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.78 , pp. 725-736
    • Heatherton, T.F.1    Vohs, K.D.2
  • 53
    • 0031304419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond pleasure and pain
    • Higgins, E. T. (1997). Beyond pleasure and pain. American Psychologist, 52, 1280-1300. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.52.12.1280.
    • (1997) American Psychologist , vol.52 , pp. 1280-1300
    • Higgins, E.T.1
  • 54
    • 79960023558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotions as moral amplifiers: An appraisal tendency approach to the influences of distinct emotions upon moral judgment
    • Horberg, E. J., Oveis, C., & Keltner, D. (2011). Emotions as moral amplifiers: An appraisal tendency approach to the influences of distinct emotions upon moral judgment. Emotion Review, 3, 237-244.
    • (2011) Emotion Review , vol.3 , pp. 237-244
    • Horberg, E.J.1    Oveis, C.2    Keltner, D.3
  • 55
    • 79953679249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The moral emotions: A social functionalist account of anger, disgust, and contempt
    • Hutcherson, C. A., & Gross, J. J. (2011). The moral emotions: A social functionalist account of anger, disgust, and contempt. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 719-737. doi:10.1037/a0022408.
    • (2011) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.100 , pp. 719-737
    • Hutcherson, C.A.1    Gross, J.J.2
  • 56
    • 44649197264 scopus 로고
    • Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure
    • Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3, 305-360. doi:10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X.
    • (1976) Journal of Financial Economics , vol.3 , pp. 305-360
    • Jensen, M.C.1    Meckling, W.2
  • 57
    • 0036638318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotional intelligence as a moderator of emotional and behavioral reactions to job insecurity
    • Jordan, P. J., Ashkanasy, N. M., & Hartel, C. E. (2002). Emotional intelligence as a moderator of emotional and behavioral reactions to job insecurity. Academy of Management Review, 27, 361-372.
    • (2002) Academy of Management Review , vol.27 , pp. 361-372
    • Jordan, P.J.1    Ashkanasy, N.M.2    Hartel, C.E.3
  • 60
    • 0034232056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Of wealth and death: Materialism, mortality salience, and consumption behavior
    • Kasser, T., & Sheldon, K. M. (2000). Of wealth and death: Materialism, mortality salience, and consumption behavior. Psychological Science, 11, 348-351. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00269.
    • (2000) Psychological Science , vol.11 , pp. 348-351
    • Kasser, T.1    Sheldon, K.M.2
  • 61
    • 84929824811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trickle-down distress: America's broken down meritocracy drives our national anxiety epidemic
    • July 3
    • Kelly, M. (2012, July 3). Trickle-down distress: America's broken down meritocracy drives our national anxiety epidemic. The Atlantic. Retrieved from http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2012/07/trickledown-distress-how-americas-broken-meritocracy-drives-our-nationalanxiety-epidemic/259383/.
    • (2012) The Atlantic
    • Kelly, M.1
  • 62
    • 76449087987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bad apples, bad cases, and bad barrels: Meta-analytic evidence about sources of unethical decisions at work
    • Kish-Gephart, J. J., Harrison, D. A., & Treviño, L. K. (2010). Bad apples, bad cases, and bad barrels: Meta-analytic evidence about sources of unethical decisions at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95, 1-31. doi:10.1037/a0017103.
    • (2010) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.95 , pp. 1-31
    • Kish-Gephart, J.J.1    Harrison, D.A.2    Treviño, L.K.3
  • 63
    • 84891924573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The morning morality effect: The influence of time of day on unethical behavior
    • Kouchaki, M., & Smith, I. H. (2014). The morning morality effect: The influence of time of day on unethical behavior. Psychological Science, 25, 95-102. doi:10.1177/0956797613498099.
    • (2014) Psychological Science , vol.25 , pp. 95-102
    • Kouchaki, M.1    Smith, I.H.2
  • 64
    • 84858706840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced olfactory sensory perception of threat in anxiety: An event-related fMRI study
    • Krusemark, E. A., & Li, W. (2012). Enhanced olfactory sensory perception of threat in anxiety: An event-related fMRI study. Chemosensory Perception, 5, 37-45. doi:10.1007/s12078-011-9111-7.
    • (2012) Chemosensory Perception , vol.5 , pp. 37-45
    • Krusemark, E.A.1    Li, W.2
  • 65
    • 2342566393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and cortisol patterns in working parents
    • Kurina, L. M., Schneider, B., & Waite, L. J. (2004). Stress, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and cortisol patterns in working parents. Stress and Health, 20, 53-63. doi:10.1002/smi.998.
    • (2004) Stress and Health , vol.20 , pp. 53-63
    • Kurina, L.M.1    Schneider, B.2    Waite, L.J.3
  • 68
    • 80052534973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Money and mimicry: When being mimicked makes people feel threatened
    • Liu, J., Vohs, K. D., & Smeesters, D. (2011). Money and mimicry: When being mimicked makes people feel threatened. Psychological Science, 22, 1150-1151. doi:10.1177/0956797611418348.
    • (2011) Psychological Science , vol.22 , pp. 1150-1151
    • Liu, J.1    Vohs, K.D.2    Smeesters, D.3
  • 69
    • 0034196145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of empirical studies assessing ethical decision making in business
    • Loe, T. W., Ferrell, L., & Mansfield, P. (2000). A review of empirical studies assessing ethical decision making in business. Journal of Business Ethics, 25, 185-204. doi:10.1023/A:1006083612239.
    • (2000) Journal of Business Ethics , vol.25 , pp. 185-204
    • Loe, T.W.1    Ferrell, L.2    Mansfield, P.3
  • 70
    • 35748961429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of stress and stress hormones on human cognition: Implications for the field of brain and cognition
    • Lupien, S. J., Maheu, F., Tu, M., Fiocco, A., & Schramek, T. E. (2007). The effects of stress and stress hormones on human cognition: Implications for the field of brain and cognition. Brain and Cognition, 65, 209-237. doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2007.02.007.
    • (2007) Brain and Cognition , vol.65 , pp. 209-237
    • Lupien, S.J.1    Maheu, F.2    Tu, M.3    Fiocco, A.4    Schramek, T.E.5
  • 71
    • 33646094479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of risk-avoidance in anxiety
    • Maner, J. K., & Schmidt, N. B. (2006). The role of risk-avoidance in anxiety. Behavior Therapy, 37, 181-189. doi:10.1016/j.beth.2005.11.003.
    • (2006) Behavior Therapy , vol.37 , pp. 181-189
    • Maner, J.K.1    Schmidt, N.B.2
  • 72
    • 80054684726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infidelity in heterosexual couples: Demographic, interpersonal, and personality-related predictors of extradyadic sex
    • Mark, K. P., Janssen, E., & Milhausen, R. R. (2011). Infidelity in heterosexual couples: Demographic, interpersonal, and personality-related predictors of extradyadic sex. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40, 971-982. doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9771-z.
    • (2011) Archives of Sexual Behavior , vol.40 , pp. 971-982
    • Mark, K.P.1    Janssen, E.2    Milhausen, R.R.3
  • 74
    • 33845455546 scopus 로고
    • Fear and fitness: An evolutionary analysis of anxiety disorders
    • Marks, I. M., & Nesse, R. M. (1994). Fear and fitness: An evolutionary analysis of anxiety disorders. Ethology and Sociobiology, 15, 247-261. doi:10.1016/0162-3095(94)90002-7.
    • (1994) Ethology and Sociobiology , vol.15 , pp. 247-261
    • Marks, I.M.1    Nesse, R.M.2
  • 75
    • 0025649760 scopus 로고
    • Why worry? The cognitive function of anxiety
    • Mathews, A. (1990). Why worry? The cognitive function of anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 28, 455-468. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(90)90132-3.
    • (1990) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.28 , pp. 455-468
    • Mathews, A.1
  • 76
    • 0004085689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press
    • Matthews, G., & Deary, I. J. (1998). Personality traits. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1998) Personality traits
    • Matthews, G.1    Deary, I.J.2
  • 77
    • 0001867845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is emotional intelligence?
    • P. Salovey & D. Sluyter (Eds.), New York, NY: Basic Books
    • Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? In P. Salovey & D. Sluyter (Eds.), Emotional development and emotional intelligence (pp. 3-31). New York, NY: Basic Books.
    • (1997) Emotional development and emotional intelligence , pp. 3-31
    • Mayer, J.D.1    Salovey, P.2
  • 78
    • 58149236677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dishonesty of honest people: A theory of self-concept maintenance
    • Mazar, N., Amir, O., & Ariely, D. (2008). The dishonesty of honest people: A theory of self-concept maintenance. Journal of Marketing Research, 45, 633-644. doi:10.1509/jmkr.45.6.633.
    • (2008) Journal of Marketing Research , vol.45 , pp. 633-644
    • Mazar, N.1    Amir, O.2    Ariely, D.3
  • 80
    • 0001113302 scopus 로고
    • Ego involvement and attributions for success and failure
    • Miller, D. T. (1976). Ego involvement and attributions for success and failure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 901-906. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.34.5.901.
    • (1976) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.34 , pp. 901-906
    • Miller, D.T.1
  • 82
    • 84865357544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex moderates the relationship between worry and performance monitoring brain activity in undergraduates
    • Moran, T. P., Taylor, D., & Moser, J. S. (2012). Sex moderates the relationship between worry and performance monitoring brain activity in undergraduates. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 85, 188-194. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.05.005.
    • (2012) International Journal of Psychophysiology , vol.85 , pp. 188-194
    • Moran, T.P.1    Taylor, D.2    Moser, J.S.3
  • 85
    • 0002960014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fear and anxiety: Evolutionary, cognitive, and clinical perspectives
    • M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland-Jones (Eds.), New York, NY: Guilford Press
    • Öhman, A. (2000). Fear and anxiety: Evolutionary, cognitive, and clinical perspectives. In M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland-Jones (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 573-593). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
    • (2000) Handbook of emotions , pp. 573-593
    • Öhman, A.1
  • 86
    • 77951287880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attention and anxiety: Different attentional functioning under state and trait anxiety
    • Pacheco-Unguetti, A. P., Acosta, A., Callejas, A., & Lupiañez, J. (2010). Attention and anxiety: Different attentional functioning under state and trait anxiety. Psychological Science, 21, 298-304. doi:10.1177/0956797609359624.
    • (2010) Psychological Science , vol.21 , pp. 298-304
    • Pacheco-Unguetti, A.P.1    Acosta, A.2    Callejas, A.3    Lupiañez, J.4
  • 88
    • 0002305828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological defense: Contemporary theory and research
    • R. Hogan, J. Johnson, & S. Briggs (Eds.), San Diego, CA: Academic Press
    • Paulhus, D. L., Fridhandler, B., & Hayes, S. (1997). Psychological defense: Contemporary theory and research. In R. Hogan, J. Johnson, & S. Briggs (Eds.), Handbook of personality psychology (pp. 543-579). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. doi:10.1016/B978-012134645-4/50023-8.
    • (1997) Handbook of personality psychology , pp. 543-579
    • Paulhus, D.L.1    Fridhandler, B.2    Hayes, S.3
  • 90
    • 79960001756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On disgust and moral judgment
    • Pizarro, D. A., Inbar, Y., & Helion, C. (2011). On disgust and moral judgment. Emotion Review, 3, 267-268. doi:10.1177/1754073911402394.
    • (2011) Emotion Review , vol.3 , pp. 267-268
    • Pizarro, D.A.1    Inbar, Y.2    Helion, C.3
  • 92
    • 13844271275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models
    • Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36, 717-731. doi:10.3758/BF03206553.
    • (2004) Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers , vol.36 , pp. 717-731
    • Preacher, K.J.1    Hayes, A.F.2
  • 93
    • 44949168308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models
    • Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879-891. doi:10.3758/BRM.40.3.879.
    • (2008) Behavior Research Methods , vol.40 , pp. 879-891
    • Preacher, K.J.1    Hayes, A.F.2
  • 94
    • 25844504085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge
    • Rachman, S. (2004). Anxiety (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.
    • (2004) Anxiety
    • Rachman, S.1
  • 95
    • 0033164093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All negative moods are not equal: Motivational influences of anxiety and sadness on decision making
    • Raghunathan, R., & Pham, M. T. (1999). All negative moods are not equal: Motivational influences of anxiety and sadness on decision making. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 79, 56-77. doi:10.1006/obhd.1999.2838.
    • (1999) Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , vol.79 , pp. 56-77
    • Raghunathan, R.1    Pham, M.T.2
  • 96
    • 36348946957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of moral judgment and moral identity on moral behavior: An empirical examination of the moral individual
    • Reynolds, S. J., & Ceranic, T. L. (2007). The effects of moral judgment and moral identity on moral behavior: An empirical examination of the moral individual. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 1610-1624. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.92.6.1610.
    • (2007) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.92 , pp. 1610-1624
    • Reynolds, S.J.1    Ceranic, T.L.2
  • 97
    • 72249121847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can "good" stressors spark "bad" behaviors?. The mediating role of emotions in links of challenge and hindrance stressors with citizenship and counterproductive behaviors
    • Rodell, J. B., & Judge, T. A. (2009). Can "good" stressors spark "bad" behaviors? The mediating role of emotions in links of challenge and hindrance stressors with citizenship and counterproductive behaviors. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94, 1438-1451. doi:10.1037/a0016752.
    • (2009) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.94 , pp. 1438-1451
    • Rodell, J.B.1    Judge, T.A.2
  • 98
    • 80053499749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The virtue blind spot: Do affective forecasting errors undermine virtuous behavior?
    • Sandstrom, G. M., & Dunn, E. W. (2011). The virtue blind spot: Do affective forecasting errors undermine virtuous behavior? Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 5, 720-733. doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00384.x.
    • (2011) Social and Personality Psychology Compass , vol.5 , pp. 720-733
    • Sandstrom, G.M.1    Dunn, E.W.2
  • 99
    • 0028726219 scopus 로고
    • Mini-markers: A brief version of Goldberg's unipolar Big-Five markers
    • Saucier, G. (1994). Mini-markers: A brief version of Goldberg's unipolar Big-Five markers. Journal of Personality Assessment, 63, 506-516.
    • (1994) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.63 , pp. 506-516
    • Saucier, G.1
  • 102
    • 0001101197 scopus 로고
    • Feelings as information: Informational and motivational functions of affective states
    • E. T. Higgins & R. Sorrentino (Eds.), New York, NY: Guilford Press
    • Schwarz, N. (1990). Feelings as information: Informational and motivational functions of affective states. In E. T. Higgins & R. Sorrentino (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and cognition: Foundations of social behavior (pp. 527-561). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
    • (1990) Handbook of motivation and cognition: Foundations of social behavior , pp. 527-561
    • Schwarz, N.1
  • 103
    • 58149372958 scopus 로고
    • Mood, misattribution, and judgments of well-being: Informative and directive functions of affective states
    • Schwarz, N., & Clore, G. L. (1983). Mood, misattribution, and judgments of well-being: Informative and directive functions of affective states. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 513-523. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.45.3.513.
    • (1983) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.45 , pp. 513-523
    • Schwarz, N.1    Clore, G.L.2
  • 104
    • 36749066689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fairness, feelings, and ethical decision-making: Consequences of violating community standards of fairness
    • Schweitzer, M. E., & Gibson, D. E. (2008). Fairness, feelings, and ethical decision-making: Consequences of violating community standards of fairness. Journal of Business Ethics, 77, 287-301. doi:10.1007/s10551-007-9350-3.
    • (2008) Journal of Business Ethics , vol.77 , pp. 287-301
    • Schweitzer, M.E.1    Gibson, D.E.2
  • 105
    • 3142774452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Goal setting as a motivator of unethical behavior
    • Schweitzer, M., Ordonez, L., & Douma, B. (2004). Goal setting as a motivator of unethical behavior. Academy of Management Journal, 47, 422-432. doi:10.2307/20159591.
    • (2004) Academy of Management Journal , vol.47 , pp. 422-432
    • Schweitzer, M.1    Ordonez, L.2    Douma, B.3
  • 106
    • 0035608896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contingent effects of anxiety on message elaboration and persuasion
    • Sengupta, J., & Johar, G. V. (2001). Contingent effects of anxiety on message elaboration and persuasion. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 139-150. doi:10.1177/0146167201272001.
    • (2001) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.27 , pp. 139-150
    • Sengupta, J.1    Johar, G.V.2
  • 107
    • 84867631863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Honesty requires time (and lack of justifications)
    • Shalvi, S., Eldar, O., & Bereby-Meyer, Y. (2012). Honesty requires time (and lack of justifications). Psychological Science, 23, 1264-1270. doi:10.1177/0956797612443835.
    • (2012) Psychological Science , vol.23 , pp. 1264-1270
    • Shalvi, S.1    Eldar, O.2    Bereby-Meyer, Y.3
  • 108
    • 43449100914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological threat and extrinsic goal striving
    • Sheldon, K. M., & Kasser, T. (2008). Psychological threat and extrinsic goal striving. Motivation and Emotion, 32, 37-45. doi:10.1007/s11031-008-9081-5.
    • (2008) Motivation and Emotion , vol.32 , pp. 37-45
    • Sheldon, K.M.1    Kasser, T.2
  • 111
    • 34547535898 scopus 로고
    • Cheating on college examinations as a function of situationally aroused anxiety and hostility
    • Steininger, M., Johnson, R. E., & Kirts, D. K. (1964). Cheating on college examinations as a function of situationally aroused anxiety and hostility. Journal of Educational Psychology, 55, 317-324. doi:10.1037/h0042396.
    • (1964) Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.55 , pp. 317-324
    • Steininger, M.1    Johnson, R.E.2    Kirts, D.K.3
  • 112
    • 57049145197 scopus 로고
    • Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions
    • Stroop, J. R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18, 643-662. doi:10.1037/h0054651.
    • (1935) Journal of Experimental Psychology , vol.18 , pp. 643-662
    • Stroop, J.R.1
  • 114
    • 46749158018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethical decision making: Where we've been and where we're going
    • Tenbrunsel, A. E., & Smith-Crowe, K. (2008). Ethical decision making: Where we've been and where we're going. The Academy of Management Annals, 2, 545-607. doi:10.1080/19416520802211677.
    • (2008) The Academy of Management Annals , vol.2 , pp. 545-607
    • Tenbrunsel, A.E.1    Smith-Crowe, K.2
  • 115
    • 2142782167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organizational justice and ethics program "follow-through": Influences on employees' harmful and helpful behavior
    • Trevino, L. K., & Weaver, G. R. (2001). Organizational justice and ethics program "follow-through": Influences on employees' harmful and helpful behavior. Business Ethics Quarterly, 11, 651-671. doi:10.2307/3857765.
    • (2001) Business Ethics Quarterly , vol.11 , pp. 651-671
    • Trevino, L.K.1    Weaver, G.R.2
  • 116
    • 0034567369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The age of anxiet?. Birth cohort change in anxiety and neuroticism, 1952-1993
    • Twenge, J. M. (2000). The age of anxiety? Birth cohort change in anxiety and neuroticism, 1952-1993. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 1007-1021. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.79.6.1007.
    • (2000) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.79 , pp. 1007-1021
    • Twenge, J.M.1
  • 118
    • 79959355356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • It's the mind-set that matters: The role of construal level and message framing in influencing consumer efficacy and conservation behaviors
    • White, K., McDonnell, R., & Dahl, D. W. (2011). It's the mind-set that matters: The role of construal level and message framing in influencing consumer efficacy and conservation behaviors. Journal of Marketing Research, 48, 472-485. doi:10.1509/jmkr.48.3.472.
    • (2011) Journal of Marketing Research , vol.48 , pp. 472-485
    • White, K.1    McDonnell, R.2    Dahl, D.W.3
  • 119
    • 0025752384 scopus 로고
    • Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors
    • Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 17, 601-617. doi:10.1177/014920639101700305.
    • (1991) Journal of Management , vol.17 , pp. 601-617
    • Williams, L.J.1    Anderson, S.E.2
  • 120
    • 0026110450 scopus 로고
    • Thinking too much: Introspection can reduce the quality of preferences and decisions
    • Wilson, T. D., & Schooler, J. W. (1991). Thinking too much: Introspection can reduce the quality of preferences and decisions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 181-192. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.60.2.181.
    • (1991) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.60 , pp. 181-192
    • Wilson, T.D.1    Schooler, J.W.2
  • 121
    • 84872333050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emotionally intelligent decision maker: Emotion-understanding ability reduces the effect of incidental anxiety on risk taking
    • Yip, J. A., & Côté, S. (2013). The emotionally intelligent decision maker: Emotion-understanding ability reduces the effect of incidental anxiety on risk taking. Psychological Science, 24, 48-55. doi:10.1177/0956797612450031.
    • (2013) Psychological Science , vol.24 , pp. 48-55
    • Yip, J.A.1    Côté, S.2
  • 122
    • 66649109485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The symbolic power of money: Reminders of money alter social distress and physical pain
    • Zhou, X., Vohs, K. D., & Baumeister, R. F. (2009). The symbolic power of money: Reminders of money alter social distress and physical pain. Psychological Science, 20, 700-706. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02353.x.
    • (2009) Psychological Science , vol.20 , pp. 700-706
    • Zhou, X.1    Vohs, K.D.2    Baumeister, R.F.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.