메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 32, Issue , 2015, Pages 187-199

The devil is in the details: An investigation of the relationships between conflict, food price and climate across Africa

Author keywords

Africa; Climate change; Conflict; Food price; Rainfall; Simultaneous equations model

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; CLIMATE VARIATION; DATA SET; ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS; FOOD MARKET; NUMERICAL MODEL; PRICE DYNAMICS; SOCIAL CONFLICT;

EID: 84929146948     PISSN: 09593780     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.03.005     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (157)

References (95)
  • 1
    • 84856432353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change, violent conflict and local institutions in Kenya's drylands
    • Adano W.R., Dietz T., Witsenburg K., Zaal F. Climate change, violent conflict and local institutions in Kenya's drylands. J. Peace Res. 2012, 49(1):65-80.
    • (2012) J. Peace Res. , vol.49 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-80
    • Adano, W.R.1    Dietz, T.2    Witsenburg, K.3    Zaal, F.4
  • 5
    • 57549084818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Higher fuel and food prices: impacts and responses for Mozambique
    • Arndt C., Benfica R., Maximiano N., Nucifora A.M.D., Thurlow J.T. Higher fuel and food prices: impacts and responses for Mozambique. Agric. Econ. 2008, 39(2 Suppl. 1):497-511.
    • (2008) Agric. Econ. , vol.39 , Issue.2 , pp. 497-511
    • Arndt, C.1    Benfica, R.2    Maximiano, N.3    Nucifora, A.M.D.4    Thurlow, J.T.5
  • 6
    • 34249794265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of collective violence: dissecting food riots in contemporary Argentina
    • Auyero J., Moran T.P. The dynamics of collective violence: dissecting food riots in contemporary Argentina. Soc. Forces 2007, 85(3):1341-1367.
    • (2007) Soc. Forces , vol.85 , Issue.3 , pp. 1341-1367
    • Auyero, J.1    Moran, T.P.2
  • 7
    • 76749131016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of climate variability and change on fishery-based livelihoods
    • Badjeck M.C., Allison E.H., Halls A.S., Dulvy N.K. Impacts of climate variability and change on fishery-based livelihoods. Mar. Policy 2010, 34(3):375-383.
    • (2010) Mar. Policy , vol.34 , Issue.3 , pp. 375-383
    • Badjeck, M.C.1    Allison, E.H.2    Halls, A.S.3    Dulvy, N.K.4
  • 8
    • 84906472390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental security
    • Routledge, New York, J.P. Burgess (Ed.)
    • Barnett J. Environmental security. The Routledge Handbook of New Security Studies 2010, 123-131. Routledge, New York. J.P. Burgess (Ed.).
    • (2010) The Routledge Handbook of New Security Studies , pp. 123-131
    • Barnett, J.1
  • 9
    • 0034397225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Destabilizing the environment-conflict thesis
    • Barnett J. Destabilizing the environment-conflict thesis. Rev. Int. Stud. 2000, 26(2):271-288.
    • (2000) Rev. Int. Stud. , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 271-288
    • Barnett, J.1
  • 10
    • 44949143244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smallholder market participation: concepts and evidence from Eastern and Southern Africa
    • Barrett C.B. Smallholder market participation: concepts and evidence from Eastern and Southern Africa. Food Policy 2008, 33(4):299-331.
    • (2008) Food Policy , vol.33 , Issue.4 , pp. 299-331
    • Barrett, C.B.1
  • 12
    • 84872277501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why food price volatility doesn't matter
    • Available at:(accessed 18.03.14)
    • Barrett C.B., Bellemare M.F. Why food price volatility doesn't matter. Foreign Affairs 2011, Available at: http://www.foreignaffairs.com/ (accessed 18.03.14).
    • (2011) Foreign Affairs
    • Barrett, C.B.1    Bellemare, M.F.2
  • 13
    • 84857439684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microcycles of violence: evidence from terrorist attacks by ETA and the FMLAN
    • Behlendorf B., Lafree G., Legault R. Microcycles of violence: evidence from terrorist attacks by ETA and the FMLAN. J. Quant. Criminol. 2012, 28(1):49-75.
    • (2012) J. Quant. Criminol. , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-75
    • Behlendorf, B.1    Lafree, G.2    Legault, R.3
  • 14
    • 11844286353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sub-Saharan African agricultural research - recent investment trends
    • Beintema N.M., Stads G.J. Sub-Saharan African agricultural research - recent investment trends. Outlook Agric. 2004, 33(4):239-246.
    • (2004) Outlook Agric. , vol.33 , Issue.4 , pp. 239-246
    • Beintema, N.M.1    Stads, G.J.2
  • 15
    • 84907572595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rising food prices, food price volatility, and political unrest
    • Bellemare M.F. Rising food prices, food price volatility, and political unrest. Am. J. Agric. Econ. 2014, 96(5).
    • (2014) Am. J. Agric. Econ. , vol.96 , Issue.5
    • Bellemare, M.F.1
  • 16
    • 84873880237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explaining the African food riots of 2007-2008: an empirical analysis
    • Bereneza J., Lee D.R. Explaining the African food riots of 2007-2008: an empirical analysis. Food Policy 2013, 39:28-39.
    • (2013) Food Policy , vol.39 , pp. 28-39
    • Bereneza, J.1    Lee, D.R.2
  • 17
    • 67651106007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incidence of civil war: theory and evidence
    • National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA
    • Besley T.J., Persson T. The incidence of civil war: theory and evidence. NBER Working Paper Series No. 14585 2008, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.
    • (2008) NBER Working Paper Series No. 14585
    • Besley, T.J.1    Persson, T.2
  • 19
    • 33646483510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local determinants of African civil wars, 1970-2001
    • Buhaug H., Rød J.K. Local determinants of African civil wars, 1970-2001. Polit. Geogr. 2006, 25(3):315-335.
    • (2006) Polit. Geogr. , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 315-335
    • Buhaug, H.1    Rød, J.K.2
  • 20
    • 84974379767 scopus 로고
    • Comparative democracy: the economic development thesis
    • Burkhart R., Lewis-Beck M. Comparative democracy: the economic development thesis. Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. 1994, 88(4):903-910.
    • (1994) Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. , vol.88 , Issue.4 , pp. 903-910
    • Burkhart, R.1    Lewis-Beck, M.2
  • 21
    • 33646810877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing food price risks and instability in a liberalizing market environment
    • Byerlee D., Jayne T.S., Myers R.J. Managing food price risks and instability in a liberalizing market environment. Food Policy 2006, 31(4):275-287.
    • (2006) Food Policy , vol.31 , Issue.4 , pp. 275-287
    • Byerlee, D.1    Jayne, T.S.2    Myers, R.J.3
  • 23
    • 33947524690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond fractionalization: mapping ethnicity onto nationalist insurgencies
    • Cederman L.E., Girardin L. Beyond fractionalization: mapping ethnicity onto nationalist insurgencies. Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. 2007, 101(1):173-185.
    • (2007) Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. , vol.101 , Issue.1 , pp. 173-185
    • Cederman, L.E.1    Girardin, L.2
  • 24
    • 82255167464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Horizontal inequalities and ethno-nationalist civil war: a global comparison
    • Cederman L.E., Wiedmann N., Gleditsch K.S. Horizontal inequalities and ethno-nationalist civil war: a global comparison. Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. 2011, 105(3):478-495.
    • (2011) Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. , vol.105 , Issue.3 , pp. 478-495
    • Cederman, L.E.1    Wiedmann, N.2    Gleditsch, K.S.3
  • 25
    • 84924283780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dominant forms of conflict in changing political systems
    • Choi H.J., Raleigh C. Dominant forms of conflict in changing political systems. Int. Stud. Q. 2015, 59(1):158-171.
    • (2015) Int. Stud. Q. , vol.59 , Issue.1 , pp. 158-171
    • Choi, H.J.1    Raleigh, C.2
  • 26
    • 80053978830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic shocks and civil conflict: a comment
    • Ciccone A. Economic shocks and civil conflict: a comment. Am. Econ. J.: Appl. Econ. 2011, 3(4):215-227.
    • (2011) Am. Econ. J.: Appl. Econ. , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 215-227
    • Ciccone, A.1
  • 27
    • 84929187357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available through: Earth System Research Laboratory.,(accessed 18.03.11 and 14.05.14)
    • CMAP CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation 2014, Available through: Earth System Research Laboratory., https://climatedataguide.ucar.edu/climate-data/cmap-cpc-merged-analysis-precipitation (accessed 18.03.11 and 14.05.14).
    • (2014) CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation
  • 28
    • 2942546923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greed and grievance in civil war
    • Collier P., Hoefflery A. Greed and grievance in civil war. Oxford Econ. Pap. 2004, 56:563-595.
    • (2004) Oxford Econ. Pap. , vol.56 , pp. 563-595
    • Collier, P.1    Hoefflery, A.2
  • 29
    • 77953537446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local impacts of a global crisis: food price transmission, consumer welfare and poverty in Ghana
    • Cudjoe G., Breisinger C., Diao X. Local impacts of a global crisis: food price transmission, consumer welfare and poverty in Ghana. Food Policy 2010, 35(4):294-302.
    • (2010) Food Policy , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 294-302
    • Cudjoe, G.1    Breisinger, C.2    Diao, X.3
  • 30
    • 84929171517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food price rises and political instability: problematizing a complex relationship
    • Demarest L. Food price rises and political instability: problematizing a complex relationship. Eur. J. Dev. Res. 2014, 1:1-22.
    • (2014) Eur. J. Dev. Res. , vol.1 , pp. 1-22
    • Demarest, L.1
  • 33
    • 77954507718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticipating vulnerability to climate change in dryland pastoral systems: using dynamic systems models for the Kalahari
    • Dougill A.J., Fraser E.D.G., Reed M.S. Anticipating vulnerability to climate change in dryland pastoral systems: using dynamic systems models for the Kalahari. Ecol. Soc. 2010, 15(2):17-37.
    • (2010) Ecol. Soc. , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 17-37
    • Dougill, A.J.1    Fraser, E.D.G.2    Reed, M.S.3
  • 34
    • 84876586047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commodity price shocks and civil conflict: evidence from Colombia
    • Dube O., Vargas J. Commodity price shocks and civil conflict: evidence from Colombia. Rev. Econ. Stud. 2013, 80(4):1384-1421.
    • (2013) Rev. Econ. Stud. , vol.80 , Issue.4 , pp. 1384-1421
    • Dube, O.1    Vargas, J.2
  • 35
    • 33745251069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of vulnerability: locating coping strategies in Kenya and Tanzania
    • Eriksen S.H., Brown K., Kelly P.M. The dynamics of vulnerability: locating coping strategies in Kenya and Tanzania. Geogr. J. 2005, 171(4):287-305.
    • (2005) Geogr. J. , vol.171 , Issue.4 , pp. 287-305
    • Eriksen, S.H.1    Brown, K.2    Kelly, P.M.3
  • 36
    • 84868349811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate triggers: rainfall anomalies, vulnerability and communal conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa
    • Fjelde H., von Uexkull N. Climate triggers: rainfall anomalies, vulnerability and communal conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa. Polit. Geogr. 2012, 31(7):444-453.
    • (2012) Polit. Geogr. , vol.31 , Issue.7 , pp. 444-453
    • Fjelde, H.1    von Uexkull, N.2
  • 37
    • 73349118795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The unnatural coupling: food and global finance
    • Ghosh J. The unnatural coupling: food and global finance. J. Agrar. Change 2010, 10(1):72-86.
    • (2010) J. Agrar. Change , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 72-86
    • Ghosh, J.1
  • 39
    • 17744400065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A geographical perspective on poverty-environment interactions
    • Gray L., Moseley W. A geographical perspective on poverty-environment interactions. Geogr. J. 2005, 171(1):9-23.
    • (2005) Geogr. J. , vol.171 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-23
    • Gray, L.1    Moseley, W.2
  • 40
    • 0035285235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a democratic civil peace? Democracy, political change, and civil war, 1816-1992
    • Hegre H., Ellingsen T., Gates S., Gleditsch N.P. Toward a democratic civil peace? Democracy, political change, and civil war, 1816-1992. Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. 2001, 95(1):33-48.
    • (2001) Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. , vol.95 , Issue.1 , pp. 33-48
    • Hegre, H.1    Ellingsen, T.2    Gates, S.3    Gleditsch, N.P.4
  • 43
    • 84856468334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change, rainfall triggers and social conflict in Africa
    • Hendrix C., Salehyan I. Climate change, rainfall triggers and social conflict in Africa. J. Peace Res. 2012, 49(1):35-50.
    • (2012) J. Peace Res. , vol.49 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-50
    • Hendrix, C.1    Salehyan, I.2
  • 45
    • 78650168780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The poverty implications of climate-induced crop yield changes by 2030
    • Hertel T.W., Burke M.B., Lobell D.B. The poverty implications of climate-induced crop yield changes by 2030. Global Environ. Chang. 2010, 20(4):577-585.
    • (2010) Global Environ. Chang. , vol.20 , Issue.4 , pp. 577-585
    • Hertel, T.W.1    Burke, M.B.2    Lobell, D.B.3
  • 46
    • 78751683251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and trade in agriculture
    • Huang H., Von Lampe M., Van Tongeren F. Climate change and trade in agriculture. Food Policy 2011, 36(Suppl. 1):S9-S13.
    • (2011) Food Policy , vol.36 , pp. S9-S13
    • Huang, H.1    Von Lampe, M.2    Van Tongeren, F.3
  • 47
    • 84867141415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the short-run poverty impacts of the 2010-11 Surge in Food Prices
    • Ivanic M., Martin W., Zaman H. Estimating the short-run poverty impacts of the 2010-11 Surge in Food Prices. World Dev. 2012, 40(11):2302-2317.
    • (2012) World Dev. , vol.40 , Issue.11 , pp. 2302-2317
    • Ivanic, M.1    Martin, W.2    Zaman, H.3
  • 48
    • 70350754243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rain, growth and civil war: the importance of location
    • Jensen P.S., Gleditsch K.S. Rain, growth and civil war: the importance of location. Defence Peace Econ. 2009, 20(5):359-372.
    • (2009) Defence Peace Econ. , vol.20 , Issue.5 , pp. 359-372
    • Jensen, P.S.1    Gleditsch, K.S.2
  • 49
    • 67349206558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Croppers to livestock keepers: livelihood transitions to 2050 in Africa due to climate change
    • Jones P.G., Thornton P.K. Croppers to livestock keepers: livelihood transitions to 2050 in Africa due to climate change. Environ. Sci. Policy 2009, 12(4):427-437.
    • (2009) Environ. Sci. Policy , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 427-437
    • Jones, P.G.1    Thornton, P.K.2
  • 51
    • 33947528915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tax me if you can: ethnic geography, democracy and the taxation of agriculture in Africa
    • Kasara K. Tax me if you can: ethnic geography, democracy and the taxation of agriculture in Africa. Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. 2007, 101(1):159-172.
    • (2007) Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. , vol.101 , Issue.1 , pp. 159-172
    • Kasara, K.1
  • 52
    • 54749115235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Darfur: rainfall and conflict
    • Kevane M., Gray L. Darfur: rainfall and conflict. Environ. Res. Lett. 2008, 3(3):1-10.
    • (2008) Environ. Res. Lett. , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 1-10
    • Kevane, M.1    Gray, L.2
  • 53
    • 84856410287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate variability, economic growth, and civil conflict
    • Koubi V., Bernauer T., Kalbhenn A., Spilker G. Climate variability, economic growth, and civil conflict. J. Peace Res. 2012, 49(1):113-127.
    • (2012) J. Peace Res. , vol.49 , Issue.1 , pp. 113-127
    • Koubi, V.1    Bernauer, T.2    Kalbhenn, A.3    Spilker, G.4
  • 56
    • 0011263542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rainfall variability and its implication for the transferability of experimental results in the semi arid areas of Tanzania
    • Mahoo H.F., Young M.D.B., Mzirai O.B. Rainfall variability and its implication for the transferability of experimental results in the semi arid areas of Tanzania. Tanzania J. Agric. Sci. 1999, 2(2):127-140.
    • (1999) Tanzania J. Agric. Sci. , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 127-140
    • Mahoo, H.F.1    Young, M.D.B.2    Mzirai, O.B.3
  • 57
    • 77950859501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fit for purpose? Rethinking food security responses in protracted humanitarian crises
    • Maxwell D., Webb P., Coates J., Wirth J. Fit for purpose? Rethinking food security responses in protracted humanitarian crises. Food Policy 2010, 35(2):91-97.
    • (2010) Food Policy , vol.35 , Issue.2 , pp. 91-97
    • Maxwell, D.1    Webb, P.2    Coates, J.3    Wirth, J.4
  • 58
    • 34548538391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental influences on pastoral conflict in the horn of Africa
    • Meier P., Bond D., Bond J. Environmental influences on pastoral conflict in the horn of Africa. Polit. Geogr. 2007, 26(6):716-735.
    • (2007) Polit. Geogr. , vol.26 , Issue.6 , pp. 716-735
    • Meier, P.1    Bond, D.2    Bond, J.3
  • 60
    • 4544366642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic shocks and civil conflict: an instrumental variables approach
    • Miguel E., Satyanath S., Sergenti E. Economic shocks and civil conflict: an instrumental variables approach. J. Polit. Econ. 2004, 112(4):725-753.
    • (2004) J. Polit. Econ. , vol.112 , Issue.4 , pp. 725-753
    • Miguel, E.1    Satyanath, S.2    Sergenti, E.3
  • 62
    • 34548594186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and conflict
    • Nordås R., Gleditsch N.P. Climate change and conflict. Polit. Geogr. 2007, 26(6):627-638.
    • (2007) Polit. Geogr. , vol.26 , Issue.6 , pp. 627-638
    • Nordås, R.1    Gleditsch, N.P.2
  • 63
    • 84893847956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling and data choices sway conclusions about climate-conflict links
    • O'Loughlin J., Linke A., Witmer F. Modeling and data choices sway conclusions about climate-conflict links. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2014, 111(6):2054-2055.
    • (2014) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.111 , Issue.6 , pp. 2054-2055
    • O'Loughlin, J.1    Linke, A.2    Witmer, F.3
  • 65
    • 48949087466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Livelihoods, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in Morogoro, Tanzania
    • Paavola J. Livelihoods, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in Morogoro, Tanzania. Environ. Sci. Policy 2008, 11(7):642-654.
    • (2008) Environ. Sci. Policy , vol.11 , Issue.7 , pp. 642-654
    • Paavola, J.1
  • 66
    • 55249099313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do poverty and poor health and nutrition increase the risk of armed conflict onset?
    • Pinstrup-Andersen P., Shimokawa S. Do poverty and poor health and nutrition increase the risk of armed conflict onset?. Food Policy 2008, 33(6):513-520.
    • (2008) Food Policy , vol.33 , Issue.6 , pp. 513-520
    • Pinstrup-Andersen, P.1    Shimokawa, S.2
  • 69
    • 33646799137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State intervention for food price stabilisation in Africa: can it work?
    • Poulton C., Kydd J., Wiggins S., Dorward A. State intervention for food price stabilisation in Africa: can it work?. Food Policy 2006, 31(4):342-356.
    • (2006) Food Policy , vol.31 , Issue.4 , pp. 342-356
    • Poulton, C.1    Kydd, J.2    Wiggins, S.3    Dorward, A.4
  • 71
    • 77949435298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Political vulnerability to climate change in the African Sahel states
    • Raleigh C. Political vulnerability to climate change in the African Sahel states. Int. Stud. Rev. 2010, 12(1):69-89.
    • (2010) Int. Stud. Rev. , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 69-89
    • Raleigh, C.1
  • 72
    • 84895925192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Migration, urbanization and political power in Sub-Saharan Africa
    • Raleigh C. Migration, urbanization and political power in Sub-Saharan Africa. Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr. 2014, 104(26):253-261.
    • (2014) Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr. , vol.104 , Issue.26 , pp. 253-261
    • Raleigh, C.1
  • 73
    • 34548493549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change, environmental degradation and armed conflict
    • Raleigh C., Urdal H. Climate change, environmental degradation and armed conflict. Polit. Geogr. 2007, 26(6):674-694.
    • (2007) Polit. Geogr. , vol.26 , Issue.6 , pp. 674-694
    • Raleigh, C.1    Urdal, H.2
  • 74
    • 77955891475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introducing ACLED: an armed conflict location and event dataset
    • Raleigh C., Linke A., Hegre H., Carlsen J. Introducing ACLED: an armed conflict location and event dataset. J. Peace Res. 2010, 47(5):651-660.
    • (2010) J. Peace Res. , vol.47 , Issue.5 , pp. 651-660
    • Raleigh, C.1    Linke, A.2    Hegre, H.3    Carlsen, J.4
  • 75
    • 82255171881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Come rain or shine: an analysis of conflict and climate variability
    • Raleigh C., Kniveton D. Come rain or shine: an analysis of conflict and climate variability. J. Peace Res. 2012, 49(1):51-64.
    • (2012) J. Peace Res. , vol.49 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-64
    • Raleigh, C.1    Kniveton, D.2
  • 77
    • 0942289025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rural infrastructure, transactions costs and market participation in Kenya
    • Renkow M., Hallstrom D.G., Karanja D.D. Rural infrastructure, transactions costs and market participation in Kenya. J. Dev. Econ. 2004, 73(1):349-367.
    • (2004) J. Dev. Econ. , vol.73 , Issue.1 , pp. 349-367
    • Renkow, M.1    Hallstrom, D.G.2    Karanja, D.D.3
  • 78
    • 0346020479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water for food and nature in drought-prone tropics: vapour shift in rain-fed agriculture
    • Rockström J. Water for food and nature in drought-prone tropics: vapour shift in rain-fed agriculture. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci. 2003, 358(1440):1997-2009.
    • (2003) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci. , vol.358 , Issue.1440 , pp. 1997-2009
    • Rockström, J.1
  • 79
    • 0032171041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal rainfall partitioning under runon and runoff conditions on sandy soil in Niger. On-farm measurements and water balance modelling
    • Rockström J., Jansson P.E., Barron J. Seasonal rainfall partitioning under runon and runoff conditions on sandy soil in Niger. On-farm measurements and water balance modelling. J. Hydrol. 1998, 210(1):68-92.
    • (1998) J. Hydrol. , vol.210 , Issue.1 , pp. 68-92
    • Rockström, J.1    Jansson, P.E.2    Barron, J.3
  • 80
    • 79951809518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malnutrition and conflict in East Africa: the impacts of resource variability on human security
    • Rowhani P., Degomme O., Guha-Sapir D., Lambin E. Malnutrition and conflict in East Africa: the impacts of resource variability on human security. Clim. Change 2011, 105(1-2):207-222.
    • (2011) Clim. Change , vol.105 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 207-222
    • Rowhani, P.1    Degomme, O.2    Guha-Sapir, D.3    Lambin, E.4
  • 81
    • 79952286662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All conflict is local: modeling subnational variation in civil conflict risk
    • Rustad S., Aas C., Buhaug H., Falch A., Gates S. All conflict is local: modeling subnational variation in civil conflict risk. Confl. Manag. Peace Sci. 2011, 28(1):15-40.
    • (2011) Confl. Manag. Peace Sci. , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 15-40
    • Rustad, S.1    Aas, C.2    Buhaug, H.3    Falch, A.4    Gates, S.5
  • 83
    • 84970359096 scopus 로고
    • Direct and indirect effects in linear structural equations models
    • Sobel M.E. Direct and indirect effects in linear structural equations models. Sociol. Meth. Res. 1987, 16(1):155-176.
    • (1987) Sociol. Meth. Res. , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 155-176
    • Sobel, M.E.1
  • 84
    • 34247370602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, M. Marquis, K. Averyt, M.M.B. Tignor, H.L. Miller, Z. Chen (Eds.)
    • Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis 2007, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, M. Marquis, K. Averyt, M.M.B. Tignor, H.L. Miller, Z. Chen (Eds.).
    • (2007) Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis
  • 85
    • 84910080146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feeding unrest: disentangling the causal relationship between food price shocks and socio-political conflict in urban Africa
    • Smith T.G. Feeding unrest: disentangling the causal relationship between food price shocks and socio-political conflict in urban Africa. J. Peace Res. 2014, 51:679-695.
    • (2014) J. Peace Res. , vol.51 , pp. 679-695
    • Smith, T.G.1
  • 86
    • 73349096258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crisis behind closed doors: global food crisis and local hunger
    • Swan S.H., Hadley S., Cichon B. Crisis behind closed doors: global food crisis and local hunger. J. Agrar. Change 2010, 10(1):107-118.
    • (2010) J. Agrar. Change , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 107-118
    • Swan, S.H.1    Hadley, S.2    Cichon, B.3
  • 87
    • 84856420618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate clashes? Weather variability, land pressure, and organized violence in Kenya 1989-2004
    • Theisen O.M. Climate clashes? Weather variability, land pressure, and organized violence in Kenya 1989-2004. J. Peace Res. 2012, 49(1):81-96.
    • (2012) J. Peace Res. , vol.49 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-96
    • Theisen, O.M.1
  • 88
    • 54949118835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood and soil? Resource scarcity and internal armed conflict revisited
    • Theisen O.M. Blood and soil? Resource scarcity and internal armed conflict revisited. J. Peace Res. 2008, 45(6):801-818.
    • (2008) J. Peace Res. , vol.45 , Issue.6 , pp. 801-818
    • Theisen, O.M.1
  • 90
    • 34047196571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A lot more to do: the sensitivity of time-series cross-section analyses to simple alternative specifications
    • Wilson S.E., Butler D.M. A lot more to do: the sensitivity of time-series cross-section analyses to simple alternative specifications. Polit. Anal. 2007, 15(2):101-123.
    • (2007) Polit. Anal. , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 101-123
    • Wilson, S.E.1    Butler, D.M.2
  • 91
    • 77949456366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use and management of water sources in Kenya's drylands: is there a link between scarcity and violent conflict?
    • James Currey, Oxford, B. Derman, R. Odgaard, E. Sjaastad (Eds.)
    • Witsenburg K., Adano W.R. The use and management of water sources in Kenya's drylands: is there a link between scarcity and violent conflict?. Conflicts Over Land and Water in Africa 2007, 215-238. James Currey, Oxford. B. Derman, R. Odgaard, E. Sjaastad (Eds.).
    • (2007) Conflicts Over Land and Water in Africa , pp. 215-238
    • Witsenburg, K.1    Adano, W.R.2
  • 92
    • 0003926535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Bank, Washington, DC, Retrieved from(accessed 17.11.14)
    • World Bank World Development Indicators 2014, World Bank, Washington, DC, Retrieved from http://data.worldbank.org/news/release-of-world-development-indicators-2014 (accessed 17.11.14).
    • (2014) World Development Indicators
  • 93
    • 0031403103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global precipitation: a 17-year monthly analysis based on gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model outputs
    • Xie P., Arkin P.A. Global precipitation: a 17-year monthly analysis based on gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model outputs. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 1997, 78:2539-2558.
    • (1997) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.78 , pp. 2539-2558
    • Xie, P.1    Arkin, P.A.2
  • 95
    • 71649097627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food versus fuel: what do prices tell us?
    • Zhang Z., Lohr L., Escalante C., Wetzstein M. Food versus fuel: what do prices tell us?. Food Policy 2010, 38(1):445-451.
    • (2010) Food Policy , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 445-451
    • Zhang, Z.1    Lohr, L.2    Escalante, C.3    Wetzstein, M.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.