메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 6, 2015, Pages

New Developments in the Pharmacological Treatment of Hypertension: Dead-End or a Glimmer at the Horizon?

Author keywords

Angiotensin AT2 receptor; Angiotensin peptides; Drug combination; Hypertension; Neprilysin; Renin angiotensin aldosterone system

Indexed keywords

ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONIST; ANGIOTENSIN; ANGIOTENSIN 1 RECEPTOR; ANGIOTENSIN 2 RECEPTOR; ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME 2; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR; N ETHYLCARBAMOYL 3 [4 (5 FORMYL 4 METHOXY 2 PHENYL 1 IMIDAZOLYLMETHYL)PHENYL] 5 ISOBUTYL 2 THIOPHENESULFONAMIDE; NATRIURETIC FACTOR; NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE RECEPTOR A; PHOSPHODIESTERASE; PHOSPHODIESTERASE V INHIBITOR; VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL POLYPEPTIDE; VASOPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DRUG COMBINATION;

EID: 84928633234     PISSN: 15226417     EISSN: 15343111     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11906-015-0557-x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (30)

References (116)
  • 1
    • 84880930315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
    • PID: 23771844
    • Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, et al. ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2013;34:2159–219.
    • (2013) Eur Heart J , vol.34 , pp. 2159-2219
    • Mancia, G.1    Fagard, R.2    Narkiewicz, K.3
  • 2
    • 79958143478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke mortality and trends from 1990 to 2006 in 39 countries from Europe and Central Asia: implications for control of high blood pressure
    • PID: 21487117
    • Redon J, Olsen MH, Cooper RS, et al. Stroke mortality and trends from 1990 to 2006 in 39 countries from Europe and Central Asia: implications for control of high blood pressure. Eur Heart J. 2011;32:1424–31.
    • (2011) Eur Heart J , vol.32 , pp. 1424-1431
    • Redon, J.1    Olsen, M.H.2    Cooper, R.S.3
  • 3
    • 84928609580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medicines in Development, PhRMA.:
    • The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA). 2013 Report: Medicines in Development for Heart Disease and Stroke. In: Medicines in Development. PhRMA., 2015. http://www.phrma.org/sites/default/files/pdf/Heart_2013.pdf. Accessed 1 Mar 2015.
    • (2013) Report: Medicines in Development for Heart Disease and Stroke. In , pp. 2015
    • Research, T.P.1
  • 4
    • 84928639773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FDA Approved Drugs for Cardiology/Vascular Diseases
    • CenterWatch. FDA Approved Drugs for Cardiology/Vascular Diseases. In: FDA Approved Drugs by Therapeutic Area. CenterWatch. 2015. http://www.centerwatch.com/drug-information/fda-approvals/drug-areas.aspx?AreaID=1. Accessed 1 Mar 2015.
    • (2015) FDA Approved Drugs by Therapeutic Area. CenterWatch
  • 5
    • 77955012886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel therapeutic targets for hypertension
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXpt1Kru7w%3D, PID: 20567239
    • Paulis L, Unger T. Novel therapeutic targets for hypertension. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2010;7:431–41.
    • (2010) Nat Rev Cardiol , vol.7 , pp. 431-441
    • Paulis, L.1    Unger, T.2
  • 6
    • 0035834159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vasopeptidase inhibitors: a new therapeutic concept in cardiovascular disease?
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXotlWiu70%3D, PID: 11591626
    • Corti R, Burnett Jr JC, Rouleau JL, et al. Vasopeptidase inhibitors: a new therapeutic concept in cardiovascular disease? Circulation. 2001;104:1856–62.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.104 , pp. 1856-1862
    • Corti, R.1    Burnett, J.C.2    Rouleau, J.L.3
  • 7
    • 0033059782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustained antihypertensive actions of a dual angiotensin-converting enzyme neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, sampatrilat, in black hypertensive subjects
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXjvFektb8%3D, PID: 10371365
    • Norton GR, Woodiwiss AJ, Hartford C, et al. Sustained antihypertensive actions of a dual angiotensin-converting enzyme neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, sampatrilat, in black hypertensive subjects. Am J Hypertens. 1999;12:563–71.
    • (1999) Am J Hypertens , vol.12 , pp. 563-571
    • Norton, G.R.1    Woodiwiss, A.J.2    Hartford, C.3
  • 8
    • 0037143601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of omapatrilat and enalapril in patients with chronic heart failure: the Omapatrilat Versus Enalapril Randomized Trial of Utility in Reducing Events (OVERTURE)
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XntlSqsrc%3D, PID: 12186794
    • Packer M, Califf RM, Konstam MA, et al. Comparison of omapatrilat and enalapril in patients with chronic heart failure: the Omapatrilat Versus Enalapril Randomized Trial of Utility in Reducing Events (OVERTURE). Circulation. 2002;106:920–6.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 920-926
    • Packer, M.1    Califf, R.M.2    Konstam, M.A.3
  • 9
    • 0034771677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omapatrilat. Bristol-Myers Squibb
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXosVWgtbw%3D, PID: 11890357
    • Tabrizchi R. Omapatrilat. Bristol-Myers Squibb. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2001;2:1414–22.
    • (2001) Curr Opin Investig Drugs , vol.2 , pp. 1414-1422
    • Tabrizchi, R.1
  • 10
    • 40049093528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ilepatril (AVE-7688), a vasopeptidase inhibitor for the treatment of hypertension
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXkslyrt7Y%3D, PID: 18311667
    • Tabrizchi R. Ilepatril (AVE-7688), a vasopeptidase inhibitor for the treatment of hypertension. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2008;9:301–9.
    • (2008) Curr Opin Investig Drugs , vol.9 , pp. 301-309
    • Tabrizchi, R.1
  • 11
    • 30344480238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the Vasopeptidase inhibitor AVE7688 in humans
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XksVGksA%3D%3D, PID: 16413241
    • Azizi M, Bissery A, Peyrard S, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the Vasopeptidase inhibitor AVE7688 in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2006;79:49–61.
    • (2006) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.79 , pp. 49-61
    • Azizi, M.1    Bissery, A.2    Peyrard, S.3
  • 12
    • 77950628157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood-pressure reduction with LCZ696, a novel dual-acting inhibitor of the angiotensin II receptor and neprilysin: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, active comparator study
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXksFClsbw%3D, PID: 20236700, Pivotal study investigating the effects of the angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor, LCZ696 in 1328 patients with mild to moderate hypertension. After eight weeks of treatment, 200 mg and 400 mg LCZ696 reduced sitting systolic and diastolic blood pressure more than the corresponding valsartan doses. No angioedema was reported in the LCZ696 arm
    • Ruilope LM, Dukat A, Böhm M, et al. Blood-pressure reduction with LCZ696, a novel dual-acting inhibitor of the angiotensin II receptor and neprilysin: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, active comparator study. Lancet. 2010;375:1255–66. Pivotal study investigating the effects of the angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor, LCZ696 in 1328 patients with mild to moderate hypertension. After eight weeks of treatment, 200 mg and 400 mg LCZ696 reduced sitting systolic and diastolic blood pressure more than the corresponding valsartan doses. No angioedema was reported in the LCZ696 arm.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 1255-1266
    • Ruilope, L.M.1    Dukat, A.2    Böhm, M.3
  • 13
    • 84897030265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of LCZ696, a first-in-class angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, in Asian patients with hypertension: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXktFelt74%3D, PID: 24446062
    • Kario K, Sun N, Chiang FT, et al. Efficacy and safety of LCZ696, a first-in-class angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, in Asian patients with hypertension: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Hypertension. 2014;63:698–705.
    • (2014) Hypertension , vol.63 , pp. 698-705
    • Kario, K.1    Sun, N.2    Chiang, F.T.3
  • 14
    • 84867745957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective comparison of ARNI with ARB on Management Of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (PARAMOUNT) Investigators. The angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a phase 2 double-blind randomised controlled trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xht1KjtbfF, PID: 22932717
    • Solomon SD, Zile M, Pieske B, et al. Prospective comparison of ARNI with ARB on Management Of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (PARAMOUNT) Investigators. The angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a phase 2 double-blind randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2012;380:1387–95.
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.380 , pp. 1387-1395
    • Solomon, S.D.1    Zile, M.2    Pieske, B.3
  • 15
    • 84928609455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal effects of the angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction
    • Voors AA, Gori M, Liu LC, Claggett B, et al. Renal effects of the angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2015. doi:10.1002/ejhf.232.
    • (2015) Eur J Heart Fail
    • Voors, A.A.1    Gori, M.2    Liu, L.C.3    Claggett, B.4
  • 16
    • 84901983713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independence of the blood pressure lowering effect and efficacy of the angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, LCZ696, in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: an analysis of the PARAMOUNT trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXpsVKru7Y%3D, PID: 24692284
    • Jhund PS, Claggett B, Packer M, et al. Independence of the blood pressure lowering effect and efficacy of the angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, LCZ696, in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: an analysis of the PARAMOUNT trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2014;16:671–7.
    • (2014) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.16 , pp. 671-677
    • Jhund, P.S.1    Claggett, B.2    Packer, M.3
  • 17
    • 84907087561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure
    • PID: 25176015, An angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor, LCZ696, trial in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Compared to enalapril treatment, LCZ696 reduced the primary end-point by 20%, all-cause mortality by 16% and cardiovascular mortality by 20% leading to premature stop of the trial due to a prevailing benefit in the experimental arm
    • McMurray JJ, Packer M, Desai AS, et al. Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:993–1004. An angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor, LCZ696, trial in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Compared to enalapril treatment, LCZ696 reduced the primary end-point by 20%, all-cause mortality by 16% and cardiovascular mortality by 20% leading to premature stop of the trial due to a prevailing benefit in the experimental arm.
    • (2014) N Engl J Med , vol.371 , pp. 993-1004
    • McMurray, J.J.1    Packer, M.2    Desai, A.S.3
  • 18
    • 84924243546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibition compared with enalapril on the risk of clinical progression in surviving patients with heart failure
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXnslShug%3D%3D, PID: 25403646
    • Packer M, McMurray JJ, Desai AS, et al. Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibition compared with enalapril on the risk of clinical progression in surviving patients with heart failure. Circulation. 2015;131:54–61.
    • (2015) Circulation , vol.131 , pp. 54-61
    • Packer, M.1    McMurray, J.J.2    Desai, A.S.3
  • 19
    • 84928634952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A putative placebo analysis of the effects of LCZ696 on clinical outcomes in heart failure
    • McMurray J, Packer M, Desai A, et al. A putative placebo analysis of the effects of LCZ696 on clinical outcomes in heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2015;36:434–9.
    • (2015) Eur Heart J , vol.36 , pp. 434-439
    • McMurray, J.1    Packer, M.2    Desai, A.3
  • 20
    • 84925029305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 attenuates cardiac remodeling and dysfunction after myocardial infarction by reducing cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy
    • von Lueder TG, Wang BH, Kompa AR, et al. Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 attenuates cardiac remodeling and dysfunction after myocardial infarction by reducing cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy. Circ Heart Fail. 2015;8:71–8.
    • (2015) Circ Heart Fail , vol.8 , pp. 71-78
    • von Lueder, T.G.1    Wang, B.H.2    Kompa, A.R.3
  • 21
    • 84896885011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rationale and study design of the prospective comparison of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor with angiotensin receptor blocker measuring arterial stiffness in the eldERly (PARAMETER) study
    • Williams B, Cockcroft JR, Kario K, et al. Rationale and study design of the prospective comparison of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor with angiotensin receptor blocker measuring arterial stiffness in the eldERly (PARAMETER) study. BMJ Open. 2014;4:e004254. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004254.
    • (2014) BMJ Open , vol.e004254 , pp. 4
    • Williams, B.1    Cockcroft, J.R.2    Kario, K.3
  • 22
    • 84859748327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Key advances in antihypertensive treatment
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xls1Whtrw%3D, PID: 22430830
    • Paulis L, Steckelings UM, Unger T. Key advances in antihypertensive treatment. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2012;9:276–85.
    • (2012) Nat Rev Cardiol , vol.9 , pp. 276-285
    • Paulis, L.1    Steckelings, U.M.2    Unger, T.3
  • 23
    • 40949132561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The endothelin system as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease: great expectations or bleak house?
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXjtlelurc%3D, PID: 17965745
    • Kirkby NS, Hadoke PW, Bagnall AJ, et al. The endothelin system as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease: great expectations or bleak house? Br J Pharmacol. 2008;153:1105–19.
    • (2008) Br J Pharmacol , vol.153 , pp. 1105-1119
    • Kirkby, N.S.1    Hadoke, P.W.2    Bagnall, A.J.3
  • 24
    • 35648934472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective and mixed endothelin receptor antagonism in cardiovascular disease
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht1KgsLrN, PID: 17950470
    • Dhaun N, Pollock DM, Goddard J, et al. Selective and mixed endothelin receptor antagonism in cardiovascular disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2007;28:573–9.
    • (2007) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.28 , pp. 573-579
    • Dhaun, N.1    Pollock, D.M.2    Goddard, J.3
  • 25
    • 34247109991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of endothelins in hypertension
    • PID: 17414582
    • Feldstein C, Romero C. Role of endothelins in hypertension. Am J Ther. 2007;14:147–53.
    • (2007) Am J Ther , vol.14 , pp. 147-153
    • Feldstein, C.1    Romero, C.2
  • 26
    • 70350133404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A selective endothelin-receptor antagonist to reduce blood pressure in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension: randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtlSru7jK, PID: 19748665
    • Weber MA, Black H, Bakris G, et al. A selective endothelin-receptor antagonist to reduce blood pressure in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension: randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2009;374:1423–31.
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.374 , pp. 1423-1431
    • Weber, M.A.1    Black, H.2    Bakris, G.3
  • 27
    • 78149244260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divergent results using clinic and ambulatory blood pressures: report of a darusentan-resistant hypertension trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtlSqurfJ, PID: 20921430
    • Bakris GL, Lindholm LH, Black HR, et al. Divergent results using clinic and ambulatory blood pressures: report of a darusentan-resistant hypertension trial. Hypertension. 2010;56:824–30.
    • (2010) Hypertension , vol.56 , pp. 824-830
    • Bakris, G.L.1    Lindholm, L.H.2    Black, H.R.3
  • 28
    • 79951893913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel therapy approach in primary stroke prevention: simultaneous inhibition of endothelin converting enzyme and neutral endopeptidase in spontaneously hypertensive, stroke-prone rats improves survival
    • PID: 21801596
    • Wengenmayer C, Krikov M, Mueller S, et al. Novel therapy approach in primary stroke prevention: simultaneous inhibition of endothelin converting enzyme and neutral endopeptidase in spontaneously hypertensive, stroke-prone rats improves survival. Neurol Res. 2011;33:201–7.
    • (2011) Neurol Res , vol.33 , pp. 201-207
    • Wengenmayer, C.1    Krikov, M.2    Mueller, S.3
  • 29
    • 11144267307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of both neutral endopeptidase and endothelin-convertingenzyme by SLV306 reduces proteinuria and urinary albumin excretion in diabetic rats
    • Thöne-Reinke C, Simon K, Richter CM, et al. Inhibition of both neutral endopeptidase and endothelin-convertingenzyme by SLV306 reduces proteinuria and urinary albumin excretion in diabetic rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2004;44:76–9.
    • (2004) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.44 , pp. 76-79
    • Thöne-Reinke, C.1    Simon, K.2    Richter, C.M.3
  • 30
    • 3142576948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of single doses of SLV306, an inhibitor of both neutral endopeptidase and endothelin-converting enzyme, on pulmonary pressures in congestive heart failure
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXls1ait70%3D, PID: 15246912
    • Dickstein K, De Voogd HJ, Miric MP, et al. Effect of single doses of SLV306, an inhibitor of both neutral endopeptidase and endothelin-converting enzyme, on pulmonary pressures in congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 2004;94:237–9.
    • (2004) Am J Cardiol , vol.94 , pp. 237-239
    • Dickstein, K.1    De Voogd, H.J.2    Miric, M.P.3
  • 31
    • 84882655346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Daglutril for treatment of renal damage in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes: disappointment or hope?
    • Laurent S. Daglutril for treatment of renal damage in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes: disappointment or hope? Lancet Diab Endocrinol. 2013;1:2–3.
    • (2013) Lancet Diab Endocrinol , vol.1 , pp. 2-3
    • Laurent, S.1
  • 32
    • 84882597884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Daglutril in Diabetic Nephropathy Study Group. Effect on blood pressure of combined inhibition of endothelin-converting enzyme and neutral endopeptidase with daglutril in patients with type 2 diabetes who have albuminuria: a randomised, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXnslaqsrY%3D, A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with an endothelin converting enzyme/neprilysin inhibitor, daglutril, in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. Daglutril improved blood pressure control, yet without affecting albuminuria
    • Parvanova A, van der Meer IM, Iliev I, et al. Daglutril in Diabetic Nephropathy Study Group. Effect on blood pressure of combined inhibition of endothelin-converting enzyme and neutral endopeptidase with daglutril in patients with type 2 diabetes who have albuminuria: a randomised, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Diab Endocrinol. 2013;1:19–27. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with an endothelin converting enzyme/neprilysin inhibitor, daglutril, in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. Daglutril improved blood pressure control, yet without affecting albuminuria.
    • (2013) Lancet Diab Endocrinol , vol.1 , pp. 19-27
    • Parvanova, A.1    van der Meer, I.M.2    Iliev, I.3
  • 33
    • 44149107793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cilostazol therapy attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rat model
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXmt1ars7Y%3D, PID: 18441466
    • Chang LT, Sun CK, Sheu JJ, et al. Cilostazol therapy attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rat model. Circ J. 2008;72:825–31.
    • (2008) Circ J , vol.72 , pp. 825-831
    • Chang, L.T.1    Sun, C.K.2    Sheu, J.J.3
  • 34
    • 84888314938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of cilostazol on right heart function and pulmonary pressure
    • Sahin M, Alizade E, Pala S, et al. The effect of cilostazol on right heart function and pulmonary pressure. Cardiovasc Ther. 2013;31:88–93.
    • (2013) Cardiovasc Ther , vol.31 , pp. 88-93
    • Sahin, M.1    Alizade, E.2    Pala, S.3
  • 35
    • 64949096705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The vascular and biochemical effects of cilostazol in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • PID: 19217745
    • O’Donnell ME, Badger SA, Sharif MA, et al. The vascular and biochemical effects of cilostazol in patients with peripheral arterial disease. J Vasc Surg. 2009;49:1226–34.
    • (2009) J Vasc Surg , vol.49 , pp. 1226-1234
    • O’Donnell, M.E.1    Badger, S.A.2    Sharif, M.A.3
  • 36
    • 34548119888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cilostazol reduces inflammatory burden and oxidative stress in hypertensive type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXpvF2rt7Y%3D, PID: 17548203
    • Agrawal NK, Maiti R, Dash D, et al. Cilostazol reduces inflammatory burden and oxidative stress in hypertensive type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Pharmacol Res. 2007;56:118–23.
    • (2007) Pharmacol Res , vol.56 , pp. 118-123
    • Agrawal, N.K.1    Maiti, R.2    Dash, D.3
  • 37
    • 84899783211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benefit of cilostazol in patients with high risk of bleeding: subanalysis of cilostazol stroke prevention study 2
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXps1WjtLk%3D, PID: 24820203
    • Uchiyama S, Shinohara Y, Katayama Y, et al. Benefit of cilostazol in patients with high risk of bleeding: subanalysis of cilostazol stroke prevention study 2. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2014;37:296–303.
    • (2014) Cerebrovasc Dis , vol.37 , pp. 296-303
    • Uchiyama, S.1    Shinohara, Y.2    Katayama, Y.3
  • 38
    • 34848914106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sildenafil improves exercisecapacity and quality of life in patients with systolic heart failure andsecondary pulmonary hypertension
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtVOktbjN, PID: 17785618
    • Lewis GD, Shah R, Shahzal K, et al. Sildenafil improves exercisecapacity and quality of life in patients with systolic heart failure andsecondary pulmonary hypertension. Circulation. 2007;116:1555–62.
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.116 , pp. 1555-1562
    • Lewis, G.D.1    Shah, R.2    Shahzal, K.3
  • 39
    • 33747597607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and their hemodynamic effects
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xpt1Orsr8%3D, PID: 16884667
    • Prisant LM. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and their hemodynamic effects. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2006;8:345–51.
    • (2006) Curr Hypertens Rep , vol.8 , pp. 345-351
    • Prisant, L.M.1
  • 40
    • 0242460582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular effects of tadalafil in patients on common antihypertensive therapies
    • Kloner RA, Mitchell M, Emmick JT. Cardiovascular effects of tadalafil in patients on common antihypertensive therapies. Am J Cardiol. 2003;92:47–57.
    • (2003) Am J Cardiol , vol.92 , pp. 47-57
    • Kloner, R.A.1    Mitchell, M.2    Emmick, J.T.3
  • 41
    • 84923620742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of PDE type 5 inhibitors on left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in resistant hypertension
    • PID: 25352458
    • Faria AP, Modolo R, Moreno BV, et al. Effects of PDE type 5 inhibitors on left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in resistant hypertension. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2015;104:85–9.
    • (2015) Arq Bras Cardiol , vol.104 , pp. 85-89
    • Faria, A.P.1    Modolo, R.2    Moreno, B.V.3
  • 42
    • 84895076464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tadalafil-induced improvement in left ventricular diastolic function in resistant hypertension
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhvVyisLzI, PID: 24271647
    • Santos RC, de Faria AP, Barbaro NR, et al. Tadalafil-induced improvement in left ventricular diastolic function in resistant hypertension. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2014;70:147–54.
    • (2014) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.70 , pp. 147-154
    • Santos, R.C.1    de Faria, A.P.2    Barbaro, N.R.3
  • 43
    • 84893687227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness and safety of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors in patients with cardiovascular disease and hypertension
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsVCjurjF, PID: 23917809
    • Chrysant SG. Effectiveness and safety of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors in patients with cardiovascular disease and hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2013;15:475–83.
    • (2013) Curr Hypertens Rep , vol.15 , pp. 475-483
    • Chrysant, S.G.1
  • 44
    • 1642538368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vasopeptidase inhibition reverses myocardial vasoactive intestinal peptide depletion and decreases fibrosis in salt sensitive hypertension
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnvVyhtQ%3D%3D, PID: 14757146
    • Ye VZ, Hodge G, Yong JL, et al. Vasopeptidase inhibition reverses myocardial vasoactive intestinal peptide depletion and decreases fibrosis in salt sensitive hypertension. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004;485:235–42.
    • (2004) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.485 , pp. 235-242
    • Ye, V.Z.1    Hodge, G.2    Yong, J.L.3
  • 45
    • 84906785220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vasomera™, a novel VPAC2-selective vasoactive intestinal peptide agonist, enhances contractility and decreases myocardial demand in dogs with both normal hearts and with pacing-induced dilated cardiomyopathy
    • An animal experiment in dogs, demosntrating the effects of the VPAC2 selective, long-lasting VIP analogue, PB1046, on myocardial contractility and demand reduction
    • del Rio CL, George R, Kloepfer P, et al. Vasomera™, a novel VPAC2-selective vasoactive intestinal peptide agonist, enhances contractility and decreases myocardial demand in dogs with both normal hearts and with pacing-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61:10. An animal experiment in dogs, demosntrating the effects of the VPAC2 selective, long-lasting VIP analogue, PB1046, on myocardial contractility and demand reduction.
    • (2013) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.61 , pp. 10
    • del Rio, C.L.1    George, R.2    Kloepfer, P.3
  • 46
    • 84928624584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PB1046 (Vasomera™)
    • PhaseBio Pharmaceuticals Inc. PB1046 (Vasomera™). In: Clinical development pipeline. PhaseBio Pharmaceuticals Inc. 2015. http://phasebio.com/clinical-development-pipeline/vasomera/. Accessed 1 Mar 2015.
    • (2015) Clinical development pipeline. PhaseBio Pharmaceuticals Inc
  • 47
    • 79956226843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The functional genomics of guanylyl cyclase/natriuretic peptide receptor-A: perspectives and paradigms
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXnt1Chtbc%3D, PID: 21375691
    • Pandey KN. The functional genomics of guanylyl cyclase/natriuretic peptide receptor-A: perspectives and paradigms. FEBS J. 2011;278:1792–807.
    • (2011) FEBS J , vol.278 , pp. 1792-1807
    • Pandey, K.N.1
  • 48
    • 84874564096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro and in vivo pharmacological profile of PL-3994, a novel cyclic peptide (Hept-cyclo(Cys-His-Phe-d-Ala-Gly-Arg-d-Nle-Asp-Arg-Ile-Ser-Cys)-Tyr-[Arg mimetic]-NH(2)) natriuretic peptide receptor-A agonist that is resistant to neutral endopeptidase and acts as a bronchodilator
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhvVKqu7bN, PID: 23154072
    • Edelson JD, Makhlina M, Silvester KR, et al. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological profile of PL-3994, a novel cyclic peptide (Hept-cyclo(Cys-His-Phe-d-Ala-Gly-Arg-d-Nle-Asp-Arg-Ile-Ser-Cys)-Tyr-[Arg mimetic]-NH(2)) natriuretic peptide receptor-A agonist that is resistant to neutral endopeptidase and acts as a bronchodilator. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2013;26:229–38.
    • (2013) Pulm Pharmacol Ther , vol.26 , pp. 229-238
    • Edelson, J.D.1    Makhlina, M.2    Silvester, K.R.3
  • 49
    • 84928607661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase 1 study of the novel A-type natriuretic receptor agonist, PL-3994, in healthy volunteers
    • Palatin Technologies, Inc:
    • Jordan R, Stark J, Huskey S, et al. Phase 1 study of the novel A-type natriuretic receptor agonist, PL-3994, in healthy volunteers. In: Poster presented at the 12th scientific meeting of the Heart Failure Society of America. Palatin Technologies. Inc. 2008. http://www.palatin.com/pdfs/HFSA%20Poster11-17%20Handout.pdf. Accessed 1 Mar 2015
    • Poster presented at the 12th scientific meeting of the Heart Failure Society of America , pp. 2008
    • Jordan, R.1    Stark, J.2    Huskey, S.3
  • 50
    • 84928617771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase IIa study of the NPR-agonist, PL-3994, in healthy adult volunteers with controlled hypertension
    • Palatin Technologies, Inc:
    • Sica D, Jordan, R, Fischkoff SA. Phase IIa study of the NPR-agonist, PL-3994, in healthy adult volunteers with controlled hypertension. In: Poster presennted at the 13th scientific meeting of the Heart Failure Society of America. Palatin Technologies. Inc. 2009. http://www.palatin.com/pdfs/Palatin%20HSFA%2709_PO%28220%29%20HR.pdf. Accessed 1 Mar 2015.
    • Poster presennted at the 13th scientific meeting of the Heart Failure Society of America , pp. 2009
    • Sica, D.1    Jordan, R.2    Fischkoff, S.A.3
  • 51
    • 84928636313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Merck pipeline
    • Pipeline, Merck:
    • Merck. Merck pipeline. In: Research. Pipeline. Merck. 2015 http://www.merck.com/research/pipeline/home.html. Accessed 1 Mar 2015.
    • Research , pp. 2015
  • 52
    • 81855199764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic perspectives in hypertension: novel means for renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system modulation and emerging device-based approaches
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhsFamt77M, PID: 21951628
    • Unger T, Paulis L, Sica DA. Therapeutic perspectives in hypertension: novel means for renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system modulation and emerging device-based approaches. Eur Heart J. 2011;32:2739–47.
    • (2011) Eur Heart J , vol.32 , pp. 2739-2747
    • Unger, T.1    Paulis, L.2    Sica, D.A.3
  • 54
    • 84555190258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging drugs which target the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhs12hsbbN, PID: 21905943
    • Steckelings UM, Paulis L, Unger T, et al. Emerging drugs which target the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2011;16:619–30.
    • (2011) Expert Opin Emerg Drugs , vol.16 , pp. 619-630
    • Steckelings, U.M.1    Paulis, L.2    Unger, T.3
  • 55
    • 0031708151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of AT1 and AT2 receptors in regulation of MAPKs and MKP-1 by ANG II in adult cardiac myocytes
    • Fischer TA, Singh K, O’Hara DS, et al. Role of AT1 and AT2 receptors in regulation of MAPKs and MKP-1 by ANG II in adult cardiac myocytes. Am J Physiol. 1998;275:906–16.
    • (1998) Am J Physiol , vol.275 , pp. 906-916
    • Fischer, T.A.1    Singh, K.2    O’Hara, D.S.3
  • 56
    • 0031611616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AT2 receptor stimulation increases aortic cyclic GMP in SHRSP by a kinin-dependent mechanism
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXptF2ntA%3D%3D, PID: 9453327
    • Gohlke P, Pees C, Unger T. AT2 receptor stimulation increases aortic cyclic GMP in SHRSP by a kinin-dependent mechanism. Hypertension. 1998;31:349–55.
    • (1998) Hypertension , vol.31 , pp. 349-355
    • Gohlke, P.1    Pees, C.2    Unger, T.3
  • 57
    • 0034080623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signal transduction from the angiotensin II AT2 receptor
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXpsFanug%3D%3D, PID: 10652498
    • Nouet S, Nahmias C. Signal transduction from the angiotensin II AT2 receptor. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2000;11:1–6.
    • (2000) Trends Endocrinol Metab , vol.11 , pp. 1-6
    • Nouet, S.1    Nahmias, C.2
  • 58
    • 8644281991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of the first selective nonpeptide AT2 receptor agonist
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXos1WjsLg%3D, PID: 15537354
    • Wan Y, Wallinder C, Plouffe B, et al. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of the first selective nonpeptide AT2 receptor agonist. J Med Chem. 2004;47:5995–6008.
    • (2004) J Med Chem , vol.47 , pp. 5995-6008
    • Wan, Y.1    Wallinder, C.2    Plouffe, B.3
  • 60
    • 77950472601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct angiotensin II type 2 receptor stimulation acts anti-inflammatory through epoxyeicosatrienoic acid and inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXktFOrsrY%3D, PID: 20157051
    • Rompe F, Artuc M, Hallberg A, et al. Direct angiotensin II type 2 receptor stimulation acts anti-inflammatory through epoxyeicosatrienoic acid and inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB. Hypertension. 2010;55:924–31.
    • (2010) Hypertension , vol.55 , pp. 924-931
    • Rompe, F.1    Artuc, M.2    Hallberg, A.3
  • 61
    • 78650658230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of noncytotoxic and IL-10-producing CD8+AT2R+ T cell population in response to ischemic heart injury
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtlOhsbnE, PID: 20935205
    • Curato C, Slavic S, Dong J, et al. Identification of noncytotoxic and IL-10-producing CD8+AT2R+ T cell population in response to ischemic heart injury. J Immunol. 2010;185:6286–93.
    • (2010) J Immunol , vol.185 , pp. 6286-6293
    • Curato, C.1    Slavic, S.2    Dong, J.3
  • 62
    • 84878924898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proximal tubule angiotensin AT2 receptors mediate an anti-inflammatory response via interleukin-10: role in renoprotection in obese rats
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXns1Gmt7k%3D, PID: 23547236
    • Dhande I, Ali Q, Hussain T. Proximal tubule angiotensin AT2 receptors mediate an anti-inflammatory response via interleukin-10: role in renoprotection in obese rats. Hypertension. 2013;61:1218–26.
    • (2013) Hypertension , vol.61 , pp. 1218-1226
    • Dhande, I.1    Ali, Q.2    Hussain, T.3
  • 63
    • 84921635386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct angiotensin AT2-receptor stimulation attenuates T-cell and microglia activation and prevents demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhs1eisr7E, PID: 25052203
    • Valero-Esquitino V, Lucht K, Namsolleck P, et al. Direct angiotensin AT2-receptor stimulation attenuates T-cell and microglia activation and prevents demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice. Clin Sci. 2015;128:95–109.
    • (2015) Clin Sci , vol.128 , pp. 95-109
    • Valero-Esquitino, V.1    Lucht, K.2    Namsolleck, P.3
  • 64
    • 84935913919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation and hypertension: new understandings and potential therapeutic targets
    • PID: 25432899
    • De Miguel C, Rudemiller NP, Abais JM, et al. Inflammation and hypertension: new understandings and potential therapeutic targets. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2015;17:507.
    • (2015) Curr Hypertens Rep , vol.17 , pp. 507
    • De Miguel, C.1    Rudemiller, N.P.2    Abais, J.M.3
  • 65
    • 84856120678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin type 2 receptor agonist compound 21 reduces vascular injury and myocardial fibrosis in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XotVeluw%3D%3D, PID: 22184324, An animal study in hypertensive rats, demonstrating the anti-fibrotic effects in the arterial wall by the AT2 receptor agonist, compound 21. The effects were blood pressure independent and to some degree added to the effects of losartan when given in combination
    • Rehman A, Leibowitz A, Yamamoto N, et al. Angiotensin type 2 receptor agonist compound 21 reduces vascular injury and myocardial fibrosis in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension. 2012;59:291–9. An animal study in hypertensive rats, demonstrating the anti-fibrotic effects in the arterial wall by the AT2 receptor agonist, compound 21. The effects were blood pressure independent and to some degree added to the effects of losartan when given in combination.
    • (2012) Hypertension , vol.59 , pp. 291-299
    • Rehman, A.1    Leibowitz, A.2    Yamamoto, N.3
  • 66
    • 84856201427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct angiotensin II type 2 receptor stimulation in Nω-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester-induced hypertension: the effect on pulse wave velocity and aortic remodeling
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xns1aktA%3D%3D, PID: 22215717, An animal study in hypertensive rats, demonstrating the anti-fibrotic effects in the arterial wall by the AT2 receptor agonist, compound 21. The effects were blood pressure independent and to some degree added to the effects of olmesartan when given in combination
    • Paulis L, Becker ST, Lucht K, et al. Direct angiotensin II type 2 receptor stimulation in Nω-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester-induced hypertension: the effect on pulse wave velocity and aortic remodeling. Hypertension. 2012;59:485–92. An animal study in hypertensive rats, demonstrating the anti-fibrotic effects in the arterial wall by the AT2 receptor agonist, compound 21. The effects were blood pressure independent and to some degree added to the effects of olmesartan when given in combination.
    • (2012) Hypertension , vol.59 , pp. 485-492
    • Paulis, L.1    Becker, S.T.2    Lucht, K.3
  • 67
    • 84930278602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of hypertension and metabolic syndrome: lowering blood pressure is not enough for organ protection, new approach-arterial destiffening
    • PID: 25139778
    • Zimlichman R. Treatment of hypertension and metabolic syndrome: lowering blood pressure is not enough for organ protection, new approach-arterial destiffening. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2014;16:479.
    • (2014) Curr Hypertens Rep , vol.16 , pp. 479
    • Zimlichman, R.1
  • 68
    • 58149375072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin II type 2 receptor stimulation: a novel option of therapeutic interference with the renin-angiotensin system in myocardial infarction?
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhsVerur3E, PID: 19029468
    • Kaschina E, Grzesiak A, Li J, et al. Angiotensin II type 2 receptor stimulation: a novel option of therapeutic interference with the renin-angiotensin system in myocardial infarction? Circulation. 2008;118:2523–32.
    • (2008) Circulation , vol.118 , pp. 2523-2532
    • Kaschina, E.1    Grzesiak, A.2    Li, J.3
  • 69
    • 84894417555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin type 2 receptor stimulation ameliorates left ventricular fibrosis and dysfunction via regulation of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1/matrix metalloproteinase 9 axis and transforming growth factor β1 in the rat heart
    • Animal study in rats, demonstrating the effects of the AT2 receptor agonist on myocardial remodeling after myocardial infarction
    • Lauer D, Slavic S, Sommerfeld M, et al. Angiotensin type 2 receptor stimulation ameliorates left ventricular fibrosis and dysfunction via regulation of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1/matrix metalloproteinase 9 axis and transforming growth factor β1 in the rat heart. Hypertension. 2014;63:60–7. Animal study in rats, demonstrating the effects of the AT2 receptor agonist on myocardial remodeling after myocardial infarction.
    • (2014) Hypertension , vol.63 , pp. 60-67
    • Lauer, D.1    Slavic, S.2    Sommerfeld, M.3
  • 70
    • 84891658499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of captopril, olmesartan, melatonin and compound 21 on doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats
    • Hrenak J, Arendasova K, Rajkovicova R, et al. Protective effect of captopril, olmesartan, melatonin and compound 21 on doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Physiol Res. 2013;62:181–9.
    • (2013) Physiol Res , vol.62 , pp. 181-189
    • Hrenak, J.1    Arendasova, K.2    Rajkovicova, R.3
  • 71
    • 79551505061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin AT(2) receptor stimulation inhibits early renal inflammation in renovascular hypertension
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXnvVWmuw%3D%3D, PID: 21189405
    • Matavelli LC, Huang J, Siragy HM. Angiotensin AT(2) receptor stimulation inhibits early renal inflammation in renovascular hypertension. Hypertension. 2011;57:308–13.
    • (2011) Hypertension , vol.57 , pp. 308-313
    • Matavelli, L.C.1    Huang, J.2    Siragy, H.M.3
  • 72
    • 73649119592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of AT2 receptor exertsbeneficial effects in stroke-prone rats: focus on renal damage
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsVanu7jL, PID: 19680135
    • Gelosa P, Pignieri A, Fandriks L, et al. Stimulation of AT2 receptor exertsbeneficial effects in stroke-prone rats: focus on renal damage. J Hypertens. 2009;27:2444–51.
    • (2009) J Hypertens , vol.27 , pp. 2444-2451
    • Gelosa, P.1    Pignieri, A.2    Fandriks, L.3
  • 73
    • 84904735782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AT2 receptor activation induces natriuresis and lowers blood pressure
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhtFOlt77L, PID: 24903104
    • Kemp BA, Howell NL, Gildea JJ, et al. AT2 receptor activation induces natriuresis and lowers blood pressure. Circ Res. 2014;115:388–99.
    • (2014) Circ Res , vol.115 , pp. 388-399
    • Kemp, B.A.1    Howell, N.L.2    Gildea, J.J.3
  • 74
    • 84891538539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible synergistic effect of direct angiotensin II type 2 receptor stimulation by compound 21 with memantine on prevention of cognitive decline in type 2 diabetic mice
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhvFGmt70%3D, PID: 24361310
    • Iwanami J, Mogi M, Tsukuda K, et al. Possible synergistic effect of direct angiotensin II type 2 receptor stimulation by compound 21 with memantine on prevention of cognitive decline in type 2 diabetic mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 2014;724:9–15.
    • (2014) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.724 , pp. 9-15
    • Iwanami, J.1    Mogi, M.2    Tsukuda, K.3
  • 75
    • 84872804111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AT2-receptor stimulation enhances axonal plasticity after spinal cord injury by upregulating BDNF expression
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhs1ers7o%3D, PID: 23174180
    • Namsolleck P, Boato F, Schwengel K, et al. AT2-receptor stimulation enhances axonal plasticity after spinal cord injury by upregulating BDNF expression. Neurobiol Dis. 2013;51:177–91.
    • (2013) Neurobiol Dis , vol.51 , pp. 177-191
    • Namsolleck, P.1    Boato, F.2    Schwengel, K.3
  • 76
    • 84924281052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) and receptor Mas: a complex liaison
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhsl2msL%2FK, PID: 25328009, Experimental study suggesting heterodimerization of the AT2 receptor and the Mas receptor as explanation for the fact that blockade of either AT2 receptor or Mas receptor blocks the effects of the other receptor as well
    • Villela D, Leonhardt J, Patel N, et al. Angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) and receptor Mas: a complex liaison. Clin Sci. 2015;128:227–34. Experimental study suggesting heterodimerization of the AT2 receptor and the Mas receptor as explanation for the fact that blockade of either AT2 receptor or Mas receptor blocks the effects of the other receptor as well.
    • (2015) Clin Sci , vol.128 , pp. 227-234
    • Villela, D.1    Leonhardt, J.2    Patel, N.3
  • 78
    • 77953811506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular relaxation, antihypertensive effect, and cardioprotection of a novel peptide agonist of the MAS receptor
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXnsFGkur8%3D, PID: 20479330
    • Savergnini SQ, Beiman M, Lautner RQ, et al. Vascular relaxation, antihypertensive effect, and cardioprotection of a novel peptide agonist of the MAS receptor. Hypertension. 2010;56:112–20.
    • (2010) Hypertension , vol.56 , pp. 112-120
    • Savergnini, S.Q.1    Beiman, M.2    Lautner, R.Q.3
  • 79
    • 84888592898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An orally active angiotensin-(1–7) inclusion compound and exercise training produce similar cardiovascular effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXisVOrsA%3D%3D, PID: 24262271, An animal study in spontaneously hypertensive rats, demonstrating the blood pressure reducing and antihypertrophic effects of the encapsulated Ang (1–7)
    • Bertagnolli M, Casali KR, De Sousa FB, et al. An orally active angiotensin-(1–7) inclusion compound and exercise training produce similar cardiovascular effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Peptides. 2014;51:65–73. An animal study in spontaneously hypertensive rats, demonstrating the blood pressure reducing and antihypertrophic effects of the encapsulated Ang (1–7).
    • (2014) Peptides , vol.51 , pp. 65-73
    • Bertagnolli, M.1    Casali, K.R.2    De Sousa, F.B.3
  • 80
    • 84897530994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment with Angiotensin-(1–7) reduces inflammation in carotid atherosclerotic plaques
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXntVeju7s%3D, PID: 24499778
    • Fraga-Silva RA, Savergnini SQ, Montecucco F, et al. Treatment with Angiotensin-(1–7) reduces inflammation in carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Thromb Haemost. 2014;111:736–47.
    • (2014) Thromb Haemost , vol.111 , pp. 736-747
    • Fraga-Silva, R.A.1    Savergnini, S.Q.2    Montecucco, F.3
  • 81
    • 84898472204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral administration of angiotensin-(1–7) ameliorates type 2 diabetes in rats
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhslSlsbzK
    • Santos SH, Giani JF, Burghi V, et al. Oral administration of angiotensin-(1–7) ameliorates type 2 diabetes in rats. J Mol Med (Berl). 2014;92:255–65.
    • (2014) J Mol Med (Berl) , vol.92 , pp. 255-265
    • Santos, S.H.1    Giani, J.F.2    Burghi, V.3
  • 82
    • 84871766448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of combination of renin inhibitor and Mas-receptor agonist in DOCA-salt-induced hypertension in rats
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhvV2ks7nE, PID: 23108791
    • Singh Y, Singh K, Sharma PL. Effect of combination of renin inhibitor and Mas-receptor agonist in DOCA-salt-induced hypertension in rats. Mol Cell Biochem. 2013;373:189–94.
    • (2013) Mol Cell Biochem , vol.373 , pp. 189-194
    • Singh, Y.1    Singh, K.2    Sharma, P.L.3
  • 83
    • 84862520175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renoprotective effects of AVE0991, a nonpeptide mas receptor agonist, in experimental acute renal injury
    • Barroso LC, Silveira KD, Lima CX, et al. Renoprotective effects of AVE0991, a nonpeptide mas receptor agonist, in experimental acute renal injury. Int J Hypertens. 2012;2012:808726. doi:10.1155/2012/808726.
    • (2012) Int J Hypertens , pp. 2012
    • Barroso, L.C.1    Silveira, K.D.2    Lima, C.X.3
  • 84
    • 84878804366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of the activation of the angiotensin-(1–7) MAS receptor in a murine model of adriamycin-induced nephropathy
    • Silveira KD, Barroso LC, Vieira AT, et al. Beneficial effects of the activation of the angiotensin-(1–7) MAS receptor in a murine model of adriamycin-induced nephropathy. PLoS One. 2013;8:e66082. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0066082.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.e66082 , pp. 8
    • Silveira, K.D.1    Barroso, L.C.2    Vieira, A.T.3
  • 85
    • 55949126600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Popova, Transgenic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 overexpression in vessels of SHRSP rats reduces blood pressure and improves endothelial function
    • Rentzsch B, Todiras M, Iliescu R, Popova, et al. Transgenic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 overexpression in vessels of SHRSP rats reduces blood pressure and improves endothelial function. Hypertension. 2008;52:967–73.
    • (2008) Hypertension , vol.52 , pp. 967-973
    • Rentzsch, B.1    Todiras, M.2    Iliescu, R.3
  • 86
    • 77955981900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 suppresses pathological hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, and cardiac dysfunction
    • Zhong J, Basu R, Guo D, Chow et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 suppresses pathological hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, and cardiac dysfunction. Circulation. 2010;122:717–28.
    • (2010) Circulation , vol.122 , pp. 717-728
    • Zhong, J.1    Basu, R.2    Guo, D.3
  • 87
    • 84883202259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haschke M, Schuster M, Poglitsch M, Loibner, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in healthy human subjects. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2013;52:783–92. A phase 1 study with recombinant human ACE2, APN01, in healthy volunteers. APN01 dose-dependently reduced the Ang II levels and increased Ang (1–7) and Ang (1–5) levels, yet without any significant blood pressure effects
    • Haschke M, Schuster M, Poglitsch M, Loibner, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in healthy human subjects. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2013;52:783–92. A phase 1 study with recombinant human ACE2, APN01, in healthy volunteers. APN01 dose-dependently reduced the Ang II levels and increased Ang (1–7) and Ang (1–5) levels, yet without any significant blood pressure effects.
  • 88
    • 80055049289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a new renin-angiotensin system peptidase for heart failure therapy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXps1yksrc%3D, PID: 21611889
    • Oudit GY, Penninger JM. Recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a new renin-angiotensin system peptidase for heart failure therapy. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2011;8:176–83.
    • (2011) Curr Heart Fail Rep , vol.8 , pp. 176-183
    • Oudit, G.Y.1    Penninger, J.M.2
  • 89
    • 42349105833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure-based identification of small-molecule angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activators as novel antihypertensive agents
    • PID: 18391097
    • Hernández Prada JA, Ferreira AJ, Katovich MJ, et al. Structure-based identification of small-molecule angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activators as novel antihypertensive agents. Hypertension. 2008;51:1312–7.
    • (2008) Hypertension , vol.51 , pp. 1312-1317
    • Hernández Prada, J.A.1    Ferreira, A.J.2    Katovich, M.J.3
  • 90
    • 79951509062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activation protects against hypertension-induced cardiac fibrosis involving extracellular signal-regulated kinases
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXlsF2rtLk%3D, PID: 21148624
    • Ferreira AJ, Shenoy V, Qi Y, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activation protects against hypertension-induced cardiac fibrosis involving extracellular signal-regulated kinases. Exp Physiol. 2011;96:287–94.
    • (2011) Exp Physiol , vol.96 , pp. 287-294
    • Ferreira, A.J.1    Shenoy, V.2    Qi, Y.3
  • 91
    • 66249133083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a therapeutic target for the prevention of pulmonary hypertension
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXnt1artb0%3D, PID: 19246717
    • Ferreira AJ, Shenoy V, Yamazato Y, et al. Evidence for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a therapeutic target for the prevention of pulmonary hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009;179:1048–54.
    • (2009) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.179 , pp. 1048-1054
    • Ferreira, A.J.1    Shenoy, V.2    Yamazato, Y.3
  • 92
    • 84897030042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-independent action of presumed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activators: studies in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXktFeltbs%3D, PID: 24446061
    • Haber PK, Ye M, Wysocki J, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-independent action of presumed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activators: studies in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro. Hypertension. 2014;63:774–82.
    • (2014) Hypertension , vol.63 , pp. 774-782
    • Haber, P.K.1    Ye, M.2    Wysocki, J.3
  • 93
    • 84928594655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FDA Approved Drug Products
    • Drugs@FDA. FDA Approved Drug Products. In: FDA US Food and Drug Administration. 2015. http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/drugsatfda/index.cfm. Accessed 1 Mar 2015.
    • (2015) FDA US Food and Drug Administration
  • 94
    • 84869230585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antihypertensive efficacy of hydrochlorothiazide vs chlorthalidone combined with azilsartan medoxomil
    • Bakris GL, Sica D, White WB, et al. Antihypertensive efficacy of hydrochlorothiazide vs chlorthalidone combined with azilsartan medoxomil. Am J Med. 2012;125:1229.e1-10.
    • (2012) Am J Med , vol.125 , Issue.1229 , pp. e1-e10
    • Bakris, G.L.1    Sica, D.2    White, W.B.3
  • 95
    • 84897075784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of combining azilsartan medoxomil with amlodipine in patients with stage 2 hypertension
    • PID: 24445723
    • Weber MA, White WB, Sica D, et al. Effects of combining azilsartan medoxomil with amlodipine in patients with stage 2 hypertension. Blood Press Monit. 2014;19:90–7.
    • (2014) Blood Press Monit , vol.19 , pp. 90-97
    • Weber, M.A.1    White, W.B.2    Sica, D.3
  • 96
    • 65249182083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aliskiren trial in type 2 diabetes using cardio-renal endpoints (ALTITUDE): rationale and study design
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXkvFKjsLs%3D, PID: 19145003
    • Parving HH, Brenner BM, McMurray JJ, et al. Aliskiren trial in type 2 diabetes using cardio-renal endpoints (ALTITUDE): rationale and study design. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009;24:1663–71.
    • (2009) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.24 , pp. 1663-1671
    • Parving, H.H.1    Brenner, B.M.2    McMurray, J.J.3
  • 97
    • 42049107348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXksF2isLs%3D, PID: 18378520
    • Yusuf S, Teo KK, Pogue J, et al. Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1547–59.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 1547-1559
    • Yusuf, S.1    Teo, K.K.2    Pogue, J.3
  • 98
    • 84876689810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New renin inhibitor VTP-27999 alters renin immunoreactivity and does not unfold prorenin
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXmtF2qsLs%3D, PID: 23460288
    • Krop M, Lu X, Verdonk K, et al. New renin inhibitor VTP-27999 alters renin immunoreactivity and does not unfold prorenin. Hypertension. 2013;61:1075–82.
    • (2013) Hypertension , vol.61 , pp. 1075-1082
    • Krop, M.1    Lu, X.2    Verdonk, K.3
  • 99
    • 84883305578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complete renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade in high-risk patients: recent insights from renin blockade studies
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXht1OqtrbI, PID: 23876474
    • Rajagopalan S, Bakris GL, Abraham WT, et al. Complete renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade in high-risk patients: recent insights from renin blockade studies. Hypertension. 2013;62:444–9.
    • (2013) Hypertension , vol.62 , pp. 444-449
    • Rajagopalan, S.1    Bakris, G.L.2    Abraham, W.T.3
  • 100
    • 84928642210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The RAS-FingerprintTM patient specific characterization of the renin-angiotensin-system
    • Poglitsch M, Schwager C, Domenig O, et al. The RAS-FingerprintTM patient specific characterization of the renin-angiotensin-system. In: RAS-Fingerprint™ Proof of Concept. Attoquant diagnostics. 2015. http://www.attoquant.com/images/poc/attoquant_proof_of_concept.pdf. Accessed 1 Mar 2015.
    • (2015) RAS-Fingerprint™ Proof of Concept. Attoquant diagnostics
    • Poglitsch, M.1    Schwager, C.2    Domenig, O.3
  • 101
    • 84928599758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azilsartan is associated with increased circulating angiotensin-(1–7) levels and reduced renovascular 20-HETE levels
    • Carroll MA, Kang Y, Chander PN, et al. Azilsartan is associated with increased circulating angiotensin-(1–7) levels and reduced renovascular 20-HETE levels. Am J Hypertens. 2015;28:664–71.
    • (2015) Am J Hypertens , vol.28 , pp. 664-671
    • Carroll, M.A.1    Kang, Y.2    Chander, P.N.3
  • 102
    • 84899815970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of azilsartan therapy for blood pressure reduction
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXnsl2msL8%3D, PID: 24108238
    • Takagi H, Mizuno Y, Niwa M, et al. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of azilsartan therapy for blood pressure reduction. Hypertens Res. 2014;37:432–7.
    • (2014) Hypertens Res , vol.37 , pp. 432-437
    • Takagi, H.1    Mizuno, Y.2    Niwa, M.3
  • 103
    • 84863191894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential pharmacology and benefit/risk of azilsartan compared to other sartans
    • PID: 22399858
    • Kurtz TW, Kajiya T. Differential pharmacology and benefit/risk of azilsartan compared to other sartans. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2012;8:133–4.
    • (2012) Vasc Health Risk Manag , vol.8 , pp. 133-134
    • Kurtz, T.W.1    Kajiya, T.2
  • 104
    • 81355160382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and cellular effects of azilsartan: a new generation angiotensin II receptor blocker
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhsVCksb%2FF, PID: 21986624
    • Kajiya T, Ho C, Wang J, et al. Molecular and cellular effects of azilsartan: a new generation angiotensin II receptor blocker. J Hypertens. 2011;29:2476–83.
    • (2011) J Hypertens , vol.29 , pp. 2476-2483
    • Kajiya, T.1    Ho, C.2    Wang, J.3
  • 105
    • 84879807532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EARLY Treatment with azilsartan compared to ACE-inhibitors in anti-hypertensive therapy–rationale and design of the EARLY hypertension registry
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhtleqsrnN, PID: 23819631
    • Gitt AK, Baumgart P, Bramlage P, et al. EARLY Treatment with azilsartan compared to ACE-inhibitors in anti-hypertensive therapy–rationale and design of the EARLY hypertension registry. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2013;13:46.
    • (2013) BMC Cardiovasc Disord , vol.13 , pp. 46
    • Gitt, A.K.1    Baumgart, P.2    Bramlage, P.3
  • 106
    • 33947162019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose spironolactone in the management of resistant hypertension: a surveillance study
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXislSrtrg%3D, PID: 17351384
    • Lane DA, Shah S, Beevers DG. Low-dose spironolactone in the management of resistant hypertension: a surveillance study. J Hypertens. 2007;25:891–4.
    • (2007) J Hypertens , vol.25 , pp. 891-894
    • Lane, D.A.1    Shah, S.2    Beevers, D.G.3
  • 107
    • 34047197931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of spironolactone on blood pressure in subjects with resistant hypertension
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXivVamt78%3D, PID: 17309946
    • Chapman N, Dobson J, Wilson S, et al. Effect of spironolactone on blood pressure in subjects with resistant hypertension. Hypertension. 2007;49:839–45.
    • (2007) Hypertension , vol.49 , pp. 839-845
    • Chapman, N.1    Dobson, J.2    Wilson, S.3
  • 108
    • 78650399880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eplerenone in patients with systolic heart failure and mild symptoms
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXisValuw%3D%3D, PID: 21073363
    • Zannad F, McMurray JJ, Krum H, van Veldhuisen DJ, et al. Eplerenone in patients with systolic heart failure and mild symptoms. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:11–21.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.364 , pp. 11-21
    • Zannad, F.1    McMurray, J.J.2    Krum, H.3    van Veldhuisen, D.J.4
  • 109
    • 0037417252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXis1ehurY%3D, PID: 12668699
    • Pitt B, Remme W, Zannad F, et al. Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1309–21.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 1309-1321
    • Pitt, B.1    Remme, W.2    Zannad, F.3
  • 110
    • 84861554853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of BAY 94–8862: a nonsteroidal antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor for the treatment of cardiorenal diseases
    • PID: 22791416
    • Bärfacker L, Kuhl A, Hillisch A, et al. Discovery of BAY 94–8862: a nonsteroidal antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor for the treatment of cardiorenal diseases. ChemMedChem. 2012;7:1385–403.
    • (2012) ChemMedChem , vol.7 , pp. 1385-1403
    • Bärfacker, L.1    Kuhl, A.2    Hillisch, A.3
  • 111
    • 84882415231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and tolerability of the novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist BAY 94–8862 in patients with chronic heart failure and mild or moderate chronic kidney disease: a randomized, double-blind trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXht1yrs7%2FI, PID: 23713082
    • Pitt B, Kober L, Ponikowski P, et al. Safety and tolerability of the novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist BAY 94–8862 in patients with chronic heart failure and mild or moderate chronic kidney disease: a randomized, double-blind trial. Eur Heart J. 2013;34:2453–63.
    • (2013) Eur Heart J , vol.34 , pp. 2453-2463
    • Pitt, B.1    Kober, L.2    Ponikowski, P.3
  • 112
    • 84876545898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic inhibition of 11 β -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 activity decreases hypertension, insulin resistance, and hypertriglyceridemia in metabolic syndrome
    • Schnackenberg CG, Costell MH, Krosky DJ, et al. Chronic inhibition of 11 β -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 activity decreases hypertension, insulin resistance, and hypertriglyceridemia in metabolic syndrome. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:427640. doi:10.1155/2013/427640.
    • (2013) Biomed Res Int , pp. 2013
    • Schnackenberg, C.G.1    Costell, M.H.2    Krosky, D.J.3
  • 113
    • 78149238346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone synthase inhibitionwith LCI699: a proof-of-concept study in patients with primary aldosteronism
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtlSqurfK, PID: 20837883
    • Amar L, Azizi M, Menardet J, et al. Aldosterone synthase inhibitionwith LCI699: a proof-of-concept study in patients with primary aldosteronism. Hypertension. 2010;56:831–8.
    • (2010) Hypertension , vol.56 , pp. 831-838
    • Amar, L.1    Azizi, M.2    Menardet, J.3
  • 114
    • 80255141746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a novel aldosterone synthase inhibitor for treatment of primary hypertension: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled phase 2 trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtl2ku7nP, PID: 21986283
    • Calhoun DA, White WB, Krum H, et al. Effects of a novel aldosterone synthase inhibitor for treatment of primary hypertension: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled phase 2 trial. Circulation. 2011;124:1945–55.
    • (2011) Circulation , vol.124 , pp. 1945-1955
    • Calhoun, D.A.1    White, W.B.2    Krum, H.3
  • 115
    • 84874556469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of aldosterone synthase inhibition as an add-on therapy in resistant hypertension
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXlslSmt7c%3D
    • Karns AD, Bral JM, Hartman D, et al. Study of aldosterone synthase inhibition as an add-on therapy in resistant hypertension. Clin Hyperten. 2013;15:186–92.
    • (2013) Clin Hyperten , vol.15 , pp. 186-192
    • Karns, A.D.1    Bral, J.M.2    Hartman, D.3
  • 116
    • 84884359989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone synthase inhibition for the treatment of hypertension and the derived mechanistic requirements for a new therapeutic strategy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhs1SisbzJ, PID: 24107737
    • Schumacher CD, Steele RE, Brunner HR, et al. Aldosterone synthase inhibition for the treatment of hypertension and the derived mechanistic requirements for a new therapeutic strategy. J Hypertens. 2013;31:2085–93.
    • (2013) J Hypertens , vol.31 , pp. 2085-2093
    • Schumacher, C.D.1    Steele, R.E.2    Brunner, H.R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.