메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 127, Issue , 2015, Pages 205-218

Systemic manifestations of traumatic brain injury

Author keywords

Autonomic dysfunction; Coagulopathy; Endocrine dysfunction; Immune response; Neurogenic pulmonary edema

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; BRAIN INJURY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; COMPLICATION; ENDOCRINE SYSTEM DISEASES; HUMAN; PATHOLOGY; PULMONARY EDEMA;

EID: 84924955844     PISSN: 00729752     EISSN: 22124152     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52892-6.00014-3     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (50)

References (132)
  • 1
    • 17444371235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic prophylaxis of early onset pneumonia in critically ill comatose patients. A randomized study
    • Acquarolo A., Urli T., Perone G., et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis of early onset pneumonia in critically ill comatose patients. A randomized study. Intensive Care Med 2005, 31:510-516.
    • (2005) Intensive Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 510-516
    • Acquarolo, A.1    Urli, T.2    Perone, G.3
  • 2
    • 2442718825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine dysfunction in the acute phase of traumatic brain injury
    • Agha A., Rogers B., Mylotte D., et al. Neuroendocrine dysfunction in the acute phase of traumatic brain injury. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2004, 60:584-591.
    • (2004) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.60 , pp. 584-591
    • Agha, A.1    Rogers, B.2    Mylotte, D.3
  • 3
    • 10344261499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posterior pituitary dysfunction after traumatic brain injury
    • Agha A., Thornton E., O'Kelly P., et al. Posterior pituitary dysfunction after traumatic brain injury. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004, 89:5987-5992.
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 5987-5992
    • Agha, A.1    Thornton, E.2    O'Kelly, P.3
  • 4
    • 15944394008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The natural history of post-traumatic neurohypophysial dysfunction
    • Agha A., Sherlock M., Phillips J., et al. The natural history of post-traumatic neurohypophysial dysfunction. Eur J Endocrinol 2005, 152:371-377.
    • (2005) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.152 , pp. 371-377
    • Agha, A.1    Sherlock, M.2    Phillips, J.3
  • 5
    • 79957886090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Both MHC and non-MHC genes regulate inflammation and T-cell response after traumatic brain injury
    • Al N.F., Beyeen A.D., Lindblom R., et al. Both MHC and non-MHC genes regulate inflammation and T-cell response after traumatic brain injury. Brain Behav Immun 2011, 25:981-990.
    • (2011) Brain Behav Immun , vol.25 , pp. 981-990
    • Beyeen, A.D.1    Lindblom, R.2
  • 6
    • 42449141457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cushing's ulcer in traumatic brain injury
    • Alain B.B., Wang Y.J. Cushing's ulcer in traumatic brain injury. Chin J Traumatol 2008, 11:114-119.
    • (2008) Chin J Traumatol , vol.11 , pp. 114-119
    • Alain, B.B.1    Wang, Y.J.2
  • 7
    • 22944452239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ICU physicians should abandon the use of etomidate!
    • Annane D. ICU physicians should abandon the use of etomidate!. Intensive Care Med 2005, 31:325-326.
    • (2005) Intensive Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 325-326
    • Annane, D.1
  • 8
    • 0037986631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid insufficiency in acutely ill patients
    • Annane D., Briegel J., Sprung C.L. Corticosteroid insufficiency in acutely ill patients. N Engl J Med 2003, 348:2157-2159.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 2157-2159
    • Annane, D.1    Briegel, J.2    Sprung, C.L.3
  • 9
    • 0013849386 scopus 로고
    • Assay and content of tissue thromboplastin in different organs
    • Astrup T. Assay and content of tissue thromboplastin in different organs. Thromb Diath Haemorrh 1965, 14:401-416.
    • (1965) Thromb Diath Haemorrh , vol.14 , pp. 401-416
    • Astrup, T.1
  • 10
    • 0014597829 scopus 로고
    • Alterations in coagulation and fibrinolytic mechanisms in acute trauma
    • Attar S., Boyd D., Layne E., et al. Alterations in coagulation and fibrinolytic mechanisms in acute trauma. J Trauma 1969, 9:939-965.
    • (1969) J Trauma , vol.9 , pp. 939-965
    • Attar, S.1    Boyd, D.2    Layne, E.3
  • 11
    • 35548990499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incidence of dysautonomia and its relationship with autonomic arousal following traumatic brain injury
    • Baguley I.J., Slewa-Younan S., Heriseanu R.E., Nott M.T., Mudaliar Y., Nayyar V. The incidence of dysautonomia and its relationship with autonomic arousal following traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2007, 21:1175-1181.
    • (2007) Brain Inj , vol.21 , pp. 1175-1181
    • Baguley, I.J.1    Slewa-Younan, S.2    Heriseanu, R.E.3    Nott, M.T.4    Mudaliar, Y.5    Nayyar, V.6
  • 12
    • 42949124582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical review of the pathophysiology of dysautonomia following traumatic brain injury
    • Baguley I.J., Heriseanu R.E., Cameron I.D., et al. A critical review of the pathophysiology of dysautonomia following traumatic brain injury. Neurocrit Care 2008, 8:293-300.
    • (2008) Neurocrit Care , vol.8 , pp. 293-300
    • Baguley, I.J.1    Heriseanu, R.E.2    Cameron, I.D.3
  • 13
    • 68049094819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysautonomia after severe traumatic brain injury: evidence of persisting overresponsiveness to afferent stimuli
    • Baguley I.J., Heriseanu R.E., Nott M.T., et al. Dysautonomia after severe traumatic brain injury: evidence of persisting overresponsiveness to afferent stimuli. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2009, 88:615-622.
    • (2009) Am J Phys Med Rehabil , vol.88 , pp. 615-622
    • Baguley, I.J.1    Heriseanu, R.E.2    Nott, M.T.3
  • 14
    • 0036395938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement in central nervous system inflammation
    • Barnum S.R. Complement in central nervous system inflammation. Immunol Res 2002, 26:7-13.
    • (2002) Immunol Res , vol.26 , pp. 7-13
    • Barnum, S.R.1
  • 15
    • 0031770103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of mild perioperative hypothermia on cellular immune responses
    • Beilin B., Shavit Y., Razumovsky J., et al. Effects of mild perioperative hypothermia on cellular immune responses. Anesthesiology 1998, 89:1133-1140.
    • (1998) Anesthesiology , vol.89 , pp. 1133-1140
    • Beilin, B.1    Shavit, Y.2    Razumovsky, J.3
  • 16
    • 33645337922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain injury and hypopituitarism: the historical background
    • Benvenga S. Brain injury and hypopituitarism: the historical background. Pituitary 2005, 8:193-195.
    • (2005) Pituitary , vol.8 , pp. 193-195
    • Benvenga, S.1
  • 17
    • 0030980590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute lung injury in isolated traumatic brain injury
    • Bratton S.L., Davis R.L. Acute lung injury in isolated traumatic brain injury. Neurosurgery 1997, 40:707-712.
    • (1997) Neurosurgery , vol.40 , pp. 707-712
    • Bratton, S.L.1    Davis, R.L.2
  • 18
    • 34547789865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury. XII. Nutrition
    • Bratton S.L., Chestnut R.M., Ghajar J., et al. Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury. XII. Nutrition. J Neurotrauma 2007, 24(Suppl. 1):S77-S82.
    • (2007) J Neurotrauma , vol.24 , pp. S77-S82
    • Bratton, S.L.1    Chestnut, R.M.2    Ghajar, J.3
  • 19
    • 0028326722 scopus 로고
    • Soluble fibrin and D-dimer as detectors of hypercoagulability in patients with isolated brain trauma
    • Bredbacka S., Edner G. Soluble fibrin and D-dimer as detectors of hypercoagulability in patients with isolated brain trauma. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 1994, 6:75-82.
    • (1994) J Neurosurg Anesthesiol , vol.6 , pp. 75-82
    • Bredbacka, S.1    Edner, G.2
  • 20
    • 1642458344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early onset pneumonia: risk factors and consequences in head trauma patients
    • Bronchard R., Albaladejo P., Brezac G., et al. Early onset pneumonia: risk factors and consequences in head trauma patients. Anesthesiology 2004, 100:234-239.
    • (2004) Anesthesiology , vol.100 , pp. 234-239
    • Bronchard, R.1    Albaladejo, P.2    Brezac, G.3
  • 21
    • 0013898007 scopus 로고
    • Pituitary changes in head trauma (analysis of 102 consecutive cases of head injury)
    • Ceballos R. Pituitary changes in head trauma (analysis of 102 consecutive cases of head injury). Ala J Med Sci 1966, 3:185-198.
    • (1966) Ala J Med Sci , vol.3 , pp. 185-198
    • Ceballos, R.1
  • 22
    • 0032719094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine responses following graded traumatic brain injury in male adults
    • Cernak I., Savic V.J., Lazarov A., et al. Neuroendocrine responses following graded traumatic brain injury in male adults. Brain Inj 1999, 13:1005-1015.
    • (1999) Brain Inj , vol.13 , pp. 1005-1015
    • Cernak, I.1    Savic, V.J.2    Lazarov, A.3
  • 24
    • 0031807298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurogenic hypotension in patients with severe head injuries
    • Chesnut R.M., Gautille T., Blunt B.A., et al. Neurogenic hypotension in patients with severe head injuries. J Trauma 1998, 44:958-963.
    • (1998) J Trauma , vol.44 , pp. 958-963
    • Chesnut, R.M.1    Gautille, T.2    Blunt, B.A.3
  • 25
    • 71949095841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterotopic ossification following traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury
    • Cipriano C.A., Pill S.G., Keenan M.A. Heterotopic ossification following traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2009, 17:689-697.
    • (2009) J Am Acad Orthop Surg , vol.17 , pp. 689-697
    • Cipriano, C.A.1    Pill, S.G.2    Keenan, M.A.3
  • 26
    • 0018908569 scopus 로고
    • Neurological course and correlated computerized tomography findings after severe closed head injury
    • Clifton G.L., Grossman R.G., Makela M.E., et al. Neurological course and correlated computerized tomography findings after severe closed head injury. J Neurosurg 1980, 52:611-624.
    • (1980) J Neurosurg , vol.52 , pp. 611-624
    • Clifton, G.L.1    Grossman, R.G.2    Makela, M.E.3
  • 27
    • 26444553905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute secondary adrenal insufficiency after traumatic brain injury: a prospective study
    • Cohan P., Wang C., McArthur D.L., et al. Acute secondary adrenal insufficiency after traumatic brain injury: a prospective study. Crit Care Med 2005, 33:2358-2366.
    • (2005) Crit Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 2358-2366
    • Cohan, P.1    Wang, C.2    McArthur, D.L.3
  • 28
    • 4644234430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyponatremia in the neurosurgical patient: diagnosis and management
    • Cole C.D., Gottfried O.N., Liu J.K., et al. Hyponatremia in the neurosurgical patient: diagnosis and management. Neurosurg Focus 2004, 16:E9.
    • (2004) Neurosurg Focus , vol.16 , pp. E9
    • Cole, C.D.1    Gottfried, O.N.2    Liu, J.K.3
  • 29
    • 3042698626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and QTc prolongation
    • Collier B.R., Miller S.L., Kramer G.S., et al. Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and QTc prolongation. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2004, 16:196-200.
    • (2004) J Neurosurg Anesthesiol , vol.16 , pp. 196-200
    • Collier, B.R.1    Miller, S.L.2    Kramer, G.S.3
  • 30
    • 0014404810 scopus 로고
    • Heart damage associated with intracranial lesions
    • Connor R.C. Heart damage associated with intracranial lesions. Br Med J 1968, 3:29-31.
    • (1968) Br Med J , vol.3 , pp. 29-31
    • Connor, R.C.1
  • 31
    • 0014555715 scopus 로고
    • Myocardial damage secondary to brain lesions
    • Connor R.C. Myocardial damage secondary to brain lesions. Am Heart J 1969, 78:145-148.
    • (1969) Am Heart J , vol.78 , pp. 145-148
    • Connor, R.C.1
  • 32
    • 0034765124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adult respiratory distress syndrome: a complication of induced hypertension after severe head injury
    • Contant C.F., Valadka A.B., Gopinath S.P., et al. Adult respiratory distress syndrome: a complication of induced hypertension after severe head injury. J Neurosurg 2001, 95:560-568.
    • (2001) J Neurosurg , vol.95 , pp. 560-568
    • Contant, C.F.1    Valadka, A.B.2    Gopinath, S.P.3
  • 33
    • 0037456430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid insufficiency in acutely ill patients
    • Cooper M.S., Stewart P.M. Corticosteroid insufficiency in acutely ill patients. N Engl J Med 2003, 348:727-734.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 727-734
    • Cooper, M.S.1    Stewart, P.M.2
  • 34
    • 0014986965 scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic lesions following closed head injury
    • Crompton M.R. Hypothalamic lesions following closed head injury. Brain 1971, 94:165-172.
    • (1971) Brain , vol.94 , pp. 165-172
    • Crompton, M.R.1
  • 35
    • 0032752147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-10 levels in cerebrospinal fluid and serum of patients with severe traumatic brain injury: relationship to IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and blood-brain barrier function
    • Csuka E., Morganti-Kossmann M.C., Lenzlinger P.M., Joller H., Trentz O., Kossmann T. IL-10 levels in cerebrospinal fluid and serum of patients with severe traumatic brain injury: relationship to IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and blood-brain barrier function. J Neuroimmunol 1999, 101:211-221.
    • (1999) J Neuroimmunol , vol.101 , pp. 211-221
    • Csuka, E.1    Morganti-Kossmann, M.C.2    Lenzlinger, P.M.3    Joller, H.4    Trentz, O.5    Kossmann, T.6
  • 36
    • 0034601386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell activation and inflammatory response following traumatic axonal injury in the rat
    • Csuka E., Hans V.H., Ammann E., et al. Cell activation and inflammatory response following traumatic axonal injury in the rat. Neuroreport 2000, 11:2587-2590.
    • (2000) Neuroreport , vol.11 , pp. 2587-2590
    • Csuka, E.1    Hans, V.H.2    Ammann, E.3
  • 37
    • 33947432701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of heterotopic ossification and venous thromboembolism following acquired brain injury
    • Cullen N., Bayley M., Bayona N., et al. Management of heterotopic ossification and venous thromboembolism following acquired brain injury. Brain Inj 2007, 21:215-230.
    • (2007) Brain Inj , vol.21 , pp. 215-230
    • Cullen, N.1    Bayley, M.2    Bayona, N.3
  • 38
    • 0030055383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haemodynamic changes in neurogenic pulmonary oedema: effect of dobutamine
    • Deehan S.C., Grant I.S. Haemodynamic changes in neurogenic pulmonary oedema: effect of dobutamine. Intensive Care Med 1996, 22:672-676.
    • (1996) Intensive Care Med , vol.22 , pp. 672-676
    • Deehan, S.C.1    Grant, I.S.2
  • 39
    • 0031880607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Provocative hypothalamopituitary axis tests in severe head injury: correlations with severity and prognosis
    • Della C.F., Mancini A., Valle D., et al. Provocative hypothalamopituitary axis tests in severe head injury: correlations with severity and prognosis. Crit Care Med 1998, 26:1419-1426.
    • (1998) Crit Care Med , vol.26 , pp. 1419-1426
    • Della, C.F.1    Mancini, A.2    Valle, D.3
  • 40
    • 10744229139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury: incidence, pathophysiology, and relationship to vasopressor dependence and peripheral interleukin-6 levels
    • Dimopoulou I., Tsagarakis S., Kouyialis A.T., et al. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury: incidence, pathophysiology, and relationship to vasopressor dependence and peripheral interleukin-6 levels. Crit Care Med 2004, 32:404-408.
    • (2004) Crit Care Med , vol.32 , pp. 404-408
    • Dimopoulou, I.1    Tsagarakis, S.2    Kouyialis, A.T.3
  • 41
    • 0035153212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune function of astrocytes
    • Dong Y., Benveniste E.N. Immune function of astrocytes. Glia 2001, 36:180-190.
    • (2001) Glia , vol.36 , pp. 180-190
    • Dong, Y.1    Benveniste, E.N.2
  • 42
    • 0035114676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial dysfunction associated with brain death: clinical, echocardiographic, and pathologic features
    • Dujardin K.S., McCully R.B., Wijdicks E.F., et al. Myocardial dysfunction associated with brain death: clinical, echocardiographic, and pathologic features. J Heart Lung Transplant 2001, 20:350-357.
    • (2001) J Heart Lung Transplant , vol.20 , pp. 350-357
    • Dujardin, K.S.1    McCully, R.B.2    Wijdicks, E.F.3
  • 43
    • 0033983630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial severity of metabolic acidosis predicts the development of acute lung injury in severely traumatized patients
    • Eberhard L.W., Morabito D.J., Matthay M.A., et al. Initial severity of metabolic acidosis predicts the development of acute lung injury in severely traumatized patients. Crit Care Med 2000, 28:125-131.
    • (2000) Crit Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 125-131
    • Eberhard, L.W.1    Morabito, D.J.2    Matthay, M.A.3
  • 44
    • 0022966503 scopus 로고
    • Post-traumatic hypopituitarism. Six cases and a review of the literature
    • Edwards O.M., Clark J.D. Post-traumatic hypopituitarism. Six cases and a review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 1986, 65:281-290.
    • (1986) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.65 , pp. 281-290
    • Edwards, O.M.1    Clark, J.D.2
  • 45
    • 0033638849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sympathetic nerve - an integrative interface between two supersystems: the brain and the immune system
    • Elenkov I.J., Wilder R.L., Chrousos G.P., et al. The sympathetic nerve - an integrative interface between two supersystems: the brain and the immune system. Pharmacol Rev 2000, 52:595-638.
    • (2000) Pharmacol Rev , vol.52 , pp. 595-638
    • Elenkov, I.J.1    Wilder, R.L.2    Chrousos, G.P.3
  • 46
    • 0029783815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Head injury and sexual dysfunction
    • Elliott M.L., Biever L.S. Head injury and sexual dysfunction. Brain Inj 1996, 10:703-717.
    • (1996) Brain Inj , vol.10 , pp. 703-717
    • Elliott, M.L.1    Biever, L.S.2
  • 47
    • 78650658398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropeptide Y modulation of interleukin-1{beta} (IL-1{beta})-induced nitric oxide production in microglia
    • Ferreira R., Xapelli S., Santos T., et al. Neuropeptide Y modulation of interleukin-1{beta} (IL-1{beta})-induced nitric oxide production in microglia. J Biol Chem 2010, 285:41921-41934.
    • (2010) J Biol Chem , vol.285 , pp. 41921-41934
    • Ferreira, R.1    Xapelli, S.2    Santos, T.3
  • 48
    • 82455168238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropeptide Y inhibits interleukin-1beta-induced phagocytosis by microglial cells
    • Ferreira R., Santos T., Viegas M., et al. Neuropeptide Y inhibits interleukin-1beta-induced phagocytosis by microglial cells. J Neuroinflammation 2011, 8:169.
    • (2011) J Neuroinflammation , vol.8 , pp. 169
    • Ferreira, R.1    Santos, T.2    Viegas, M.3
  • 49
    • 83855162714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropeptide Y inhibits interleukin-1 beta-induced microglia motility
    • Ferreira R., Santos T., Cortes L., et al. Neuropeptide Y inhibits interleukin-1 beta-induced microglia motility. J Neurochem 2012, 120:93-105.
    • (2012) J Neurochem , vol.120 , pp. 93-105
    • Ferreira, R.1    Santos, T.2    Cortes, L.3
  • 50
    • 0018133686 scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic hypothyroidism and hypogonadism in prolonged traumatic coma
    • Fleischer A.S., Rudman D.R., Payne N.S., et al. Hypothalamic hypothyroidism and hypogonadism in prolonged traumatic coma. J Neurosurg 1978, 49:650-657.
    • (1978) J Neurosurg , vol.49 , pp. 650-657
    • Fleischer, A.S.1    Rudman, D.R.2    Payne, N.S.3
  • 51
    • 0018937234 scopus 로고
    • Periarticular heterotopic ossification in head-injured adults. Incidence and location
    • Garland D.E., Blum C.E., Waters R.L. Periarticular heterotopic ossification in head-injured adults. Incidence and location. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1980, 62:1143-1146.
    • (1980) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.62 , pp. 1143-1146
    • Garland, D.E.1    Blum, C.E.2    Waters, R.L.3
  • 52
    • 0034831363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of positive end-expiratory pressure on intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure in patients with acute stroke
    • Georgiadis D., Schwarz S., Baumgartner R.W., et al. Influence of positive end-expiratory pressure on intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure in patients with acute stroke. Stroke 2001, 32:2088-2092.
    • (2001) Stroke , vol.32 , pp. 2088-2092
    • Georgiadis, D.1    Schwarz, S.2    Baumgartner, R.W.3
  • 53
    • 22044436766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consensus guidelines on screening for hypopituitarism following traumatic brain injury
    • Ghigo E., Masel B., Aimaretti G., et al. Consensus guidelines on screening for hypopituitarism following traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2005, 19:711-724.
    • (2005) Brain Inj , vol.19 , pp. 711-724
    • Ghigo, E.1    Masel, B.2    Aimaretti, G.3
  • 55
    • 7144257846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of prophylactic administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (filgrastim) on the frequency of nosocomial infections in patients with acute traumatic brain injury or cerebral hemorrhage. The Filgrastim Study Group
    • Heard S.O., Fink M.P., Gamelli R.L., et al. Effect of prophylactic administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (filgrastim) on the frequency of nosocomial infections in patients with acute traumatic brain injury or cerebral hemorrhage. The Filgrastim Study Group. Crit Care Med 1998, 26:748-754.
    • (1998) Crit Care Med , vol.26 , pp. 748-754
    • Heard, S.O.1    Fink, M.P.2    Gamelli, R.L.3
  • 56
    • 0024159297 scopus 로고
    • Infectious complications in patients with severe head injury
    • Helling T.S., Evans L.L., Fowler D.L., et al. Infectious complications in patients with severe head injury. J Trauma 1988, 28:1575-1577.
    • (1988) J Trauma , vol.28 , pp. 1575-1577
    • Helling, T.S.1    Evans, L.L.2    Fowler, D.L.3
  • 57
    • 0242425880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothermia in the management of traumatic brain injury. A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Henderson W.R., Dhingra V.K., Chittock D.R., et al. Hypothermia in the management of traumatic brain injury. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med 2003, 29:1637-1644.
    • (2003) Intensive Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 1637-1644
    • Henderson, W.R.1    Dhingra, V.K.2    Chittock, D.R.3
  • 58
    • 0036792239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortisol response to corticotropin stimulation in trauma patients: influence of hemorrhagic shock
    • Hoen S., Asehnoune K., Brailly-Tabard S., et al. Cortisol response to corticotropin stimulation in trauma patients: influence of hemorrhagic shock. Anesthesiology 2002, 97:807-813.
    • (2002) Anesthesiology , vol.97 , pp. 807-813
    • Hoen, S.1    Asehnoune, K.2    Brailly-Tabard, S.3
  • 59
    • 0042205411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of acute lung injury is associated with worse neurologic outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury
    • Holland M.C., Mackersie R.C., Morabito D., et al. The development of acute lung injury is associated with worse neurologic outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. J Trauma 2003, 55:106-111.
    • (2003) J Trauma , vol.55 , pp. 106-111
    • Holland, M.C.1    Mackersie, R.C.2    Morabito, D.3
  • 60
    • 4644337868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ detection of intracerebral cytokine expression after human brain contusion
    • Holmin S., Hojeberg B. In situ detection of intracerebral cytokine expression after human brain contusion. Neurosci Lett 2004, 369:108-114.
    • (2004) Neurosci Lett , vol.369 , pp. 108-114
    • Holmin, S.1    Hojeberg, B.2
  • 61
    • 0042821731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylactic antibiotics adversely affect nosocomial pneumonia in trauma patients
    • Hoth J.J., Franklin G.A., Stassen N.A., et al. Prophylactic antibiotics adversely affect nosocomial pneumonia in trauma patients. J Trauma 2003, 55:249-254.
    • (2003) J Trauma , vol.55 , pp. 249-254
    • Hoth, J.J.1    Franklin, G.A.2    Stassen, N.A.3
  • 62
    • 0036740556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive end-expiratory pressure alters intracranial and cerebral perfusion pressure in severe traumatic brain injury
    • Huynh T., Messer M., Sing R.F., et al. Positive end-expiratory pressure alters intracranial and cerebral perfusion pressure in severe traumatic brain injury. J Trauma 2002, 53:488-492.
    • (2002) J Trauma , vol.53 , pp. 488-492
    • Huynh, T.1    Messer, M.2    Sing, R.F.3
  • 63
    • 0016434710 scopus 로고
    • Electrocardiographic abnormalities associated with raised intracranial pressure
    • Jachuck S.J., Ramani P.S., Clark F., et al. Electrocardiographic abnormalities associated with raised intracranial pressure. Br Med J 1975, 1:242-244.
    • (1975) Br Med J , vol.1 , pp. 242-244
    • Jachuck, S.J.1    Ramani, P.S.2    Clark, F.3
  • 64
    • 52949102948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased intestinal inflammatory response and gut barrier dysfunction in Nrf2-deficient mice after traumatic brain injury
    • Jin W., Wang H., Ji Y., et al. Increased intestinal inflammatory response and gut barrier dysfunction in Nrf2-deficient mice after traumatic brain injury. Cytokine 2008, 44:135-140.
    • (2008) Cytokine , vol.44 , pp. 135-140
    • Jin, W.1    Wang, H.2    Ji, Y.3
  • 65
    • 70450235482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcription factor Nrf2 plays a pivotal role in protection against traumatic brain injury-induced acute intestinal mucosal injury in mice
    • Jin W., Wang H.D., Hu Z.G., et al. Transcription factor Nrf2 plays a pivotal role in protection against traumatic brain injury-induced acute intestinal mucosal injury in mice. J Surg Res 2009, 157:251-260.
    • (2009) J Surg Res , vol.157 , pp. 251-260
    • Jin, W.1    Wang, H.D.2    Hu, Z.G.3
  • 66
    • 79958047575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of tert-butylhydroquinone on cerebral inflammatory response following traumatic brain injury in mice
    • Jin W., Kong J., Wang H., et al. Protective effect of tert-butylhydroquinone on cerebral inflammatory response following traumatic brain injury in mice. Injury 2011, 42:714-718.
    • (2011) Injury , vol.42 , pp. 714-718
    • Jin, W.1    Kong, J.2    Wang, H.3
  • 67
    • 0036707926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propofol infusion syndrome in critically ill patients
    • Kang T.M. Propofol infusion syndrome in critically ill patients. Ann Pharmacother 2002, 36:1453-1456.
    • (2002) Ann Pharmacother , vol.36 , pp. 1453-1456
    • Kang, T.M.1
  • 68
    • 0034433921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypopituitarism following traumatic brain injury and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a preliminary report
    • Kelly D.F., Gonzalo I.T., Cohan P., et al. Hypopituitarism following traumatic brain injury and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a preliminary report. J Neurosurg 2000, 93:743-752.
    • (2000) J Neurosurg , vol.93 , pp. 743-752
    • Kelly, D.F.1    Gonzalo, I.T.2    Cohan, P.3
  • 69
    • 0014913863 scopus 로고
    • Plasma cortisol levels after head injury
    • King L.R., McLaurin R.L., Lewis H.P., et al. Plasma cortisol levels after head injury. Ann Surg 1970, 172:975-984.
    • (1970) Ann Surg , vol.172 , pp. 975-984
    • King, L.R.1    McLaurin, R.L.2    Lewis, H.P.3
  • 70
    • 70450177973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine function following traumatic brain injury and subsequent intensive care treatment: a prospective longitudinal evaluation
    • Kleindienst A., Brabant G., Bock C., et al. Neuroendocrine function following traumatic brain injury and subsequent intensive care treatment: a prospective longitudinal evaluation. J Neurotrauma 2009, 26:1435-1446.
    • (2009) J Neurotrauma , vol.26 , pp. 1435-1446
    • Kleindienst, A.1    Brabant, G.2    Bock, C.3
  • 71
    • 0030743024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes of sympatho-adrenal and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical system in patients with head injury
    • Koiv L., Merisalu E., Zilmer K., et al. Changes of sympatho-adrenal and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical system in patients with head injury. Acta Neurol Scand 1997, 96:52-58.
    • (1997) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.96 , pp. 52-58
    • Koiv, L.1    Merisalu, E.2    Zilmer, K.3
  • 72
    • 0028040574 scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular wall motion abnormalities in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage: neurogenic stunned myocardium
    • Kono T., Morita H., Kuroiwa T., et al. Left ventricular wall motion abnormalities in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage: neurogenic stunned myocardium. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994, 24:636-640.
    • (1994) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.24 , pp. 636-640
    • Kono, T.1    Morita, H.2    Kuroiwa, T.3
  • 73
    • 15444378708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can 1 microg of cosyntropin be used to evaluate adrenal insufficiency in critically ill patients?
    • Kozyra E.F., Wax R.S., Burry L.D. Can 1 microg of cosyntropin be used to evaluate adrenal insufficiency in critically ill patients?. Ann Pharmacother 2005, 39:691-698.
    • (2005) Ann Pharmacother , vol.39 , pp. 691-698
    • Kozyra, E.F.1    Wax, R.S.2    Burry, L.D.3
  • 74
    • 84861527489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coagulopathy after traumatic brain injury
    • Laroche M., Kutcher M.E., Huang M.C., et al. Coagulopathy after traumatic brain injury. Neurosurgery 2012, 70:1334-1345.
    • (2012) Neurosurgery , vol.70 , pp. 1334-1345
    • Laroche, M.1    Kutcher, M.E.2    Huang, M.C.3
  • 75
    • 0027978831 scopus 로고
    • The efficacy of barbiturate coma in the management of uncontrolled intracranial hypertension following neurosurgical trauma
    • Lee M.W., Deppe S.A., Sipperly M.E., et al. The efficacy of barbiturate coma in the management of uncontrolled intracranial hypertension following neurosurgical trauma. J Neurotrauma 1994, 11:325-331.
    • (1994) J Neurotrauma , vol.11 , pp. 325-331
    • Lee, M.W.1    Deppe, S.A.2    Sipperly, M.E.3
  • 76
    • 0033665333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nerve-driven immunity. The direct effects of neurotransmitters on T-cell function
    • Levite M. Nerve-driven immunity. The direct effects of neurotransmitters on T-cell function. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000, 917:307-321.
    • (2000) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.917 , pp. 307-321
    • Levite, M.1
  • 77
    • 34249943881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic complications after head injury: a clinical review
    • Lim H.B., Smith M. Systemic complications after head injury: a clinical review. Anaesthesia 2007, 62:474-482.
    • (2007) Anaesthesia , vol.62 , pp. 474-482
    • Lim, H.B.1    Smith, M.2
  • 78
    • 0031106466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-inflammatory actions of the neuroimmunomodulator alpha-MSH
    • Lipton J.M., Catania A. Anti-inflammatory actions of the neuroimmunomodulator alpha-MSH. Immunol Today 1997, 18:140-145.
    • (1997) Immunol Today , vol.18 , pp. 140-145
    • Lipton, J.M.1    Catania, A.2
  • 79
    • 0031671209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peptide modulation of inflammatory processes within the brain
    • Lipton J.M., Catania A., Delgado R. Peptide modulation of inflammatory processes within the brain. Neuroimmunomodulation 1998, 5:178-183.
    • (1998) Neuroimmunomodulation , vol.5 , pp. 178-183
    • Lipton, J.M.1    Catania, A.2    Delgado, R.3
  • 80
    • 0041343199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiopental inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB through suppression of kappaB kinase activity
    • Loop T., Humar M., Pischke S., et al. Thiopental inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB through suppression of kappaB kinase activity. Anesthesiology 2003, 99:360-367.
    • (2003) Anesthesiology , vol.99 , pp. 360-367
    • Loop, T.1    Humar, M.2    Pischke, S.3
  • 81
    • 78650809329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early coagulopathy after isolated severe traumatic brain injury: relationship with hypoperfusion challenged
    • Lustenberger T., Talving P., Kobayashi L., et al. Early coagulopathy after isolated severe traumatic brain injury: relationship with hypoperfusion challenged. J Trauma 2010, 69:1410-1414.
    • (2010) J Trauma , vol.69 , pp. 1410-1414
    • Lustenberger, T.1    Talving, P.2    Kobayashi, L.3
  • 82
    • 77956616118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time course of coagulopathy in isolated severe traumatic brain injury
    • Lustenberger T., Talving P., Kobayashi L., et al. Time course of coagulopathy in isolated severe traumatic brain injury. Injury 2010, 41:924-928.
    • (2010) Injury , vol.41 , pp. 924-928
    • Lustenberger, T.1    Talving, P.2    Kobayashi, L.3
  • 83
    • 0346730881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolated brain injury as a cause of hypotension in the blunt trauma patient
    • Mahoney E.J., Biffl W.L., Harrington D.T., et al. Isolated brain injury as a cause of hypotension in the blunt trauma patient. J Trauma 2003, 55:1065-1069.
    • (2003) J Trauma , vol.55 , pp. 1065-1069
    • Mahoney, E.J.1    Biffl, W.L.2    Harrington, D.T.3
  • 84
    • 0024397932 scopus 로고
    • Elevated intracranial pressure increases pulmonary vascular permeability to protein
    • McClellan M.D., Dauber I.M., Weil J.V. Elevated intracranial pressure increases pulmonary vascular permeability to protein. J Appl Physiol 1989, 67:1185-1191.
    • (1989) J Appl Physiol , vol.67 , pp. 1185-1191
    • McClellan, M.D.1    Dauber, I.M.2    Weil, J.V.3
  • 85
    • 36549075055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of immune response by head injury
    • Morganti-Kossmann M.C., Satgunaseelan L., Bye N., et al. Modulation of immune response by head injury. Injury 2007, 38:1392-1400.
    • (2007) Injury , vol.38 , pp. 1392-1400
    • Morganti-Kossmann, M.C.1    Satgunaseelan, L.2    Bye, N.3
  • 86
    • 0034086307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased sympathetic nervous activity in patients with nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage
    • Naredi S., Lambert G., Eden E., et al. Increased sympathetic nervous activity in patients with nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 2000, 31:901-906.
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , pp. 901-906
    • Naredi, S.1    Lambert, G.2    Eden, E.3
  • 87
    • 0032405710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of high- and low-dose corticotropin tests in the diagnosis of secondary adrenal insufficiency
    • Oelkers W. The role of high- and low-dose corticotropin tests in the diagnosis of secondary adrenal insufficiency. Eur J Endocrinol 1998, 139:567-570.
    • (1998) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.139 , pp. 567-570
    • Oelkers, W.1
  • 88
    • 0022402546 scopus 로고
    • Heterotopic bone formation: clinical, laboratory, and imaging correlation
    • Orzel J.A., Rudd T.G. Heterotopic bone formation: clinical, laboratory, and imaging correlation. J Nucl Med 1985, 26:125-132.
    • (1985) J Nucl Med , vol.26 , pp. 125-132
    • Orzel, J.A.1    Rudd, T.G.2
  • 89
    • 0027996636 scopus 로고
    • Cytokines and metabolic dysfunction after severe head injury
    • Ott L., McClain C.J., Gillespie M., et al. Cytokines and metabolic dysfunction after severe head injury. J Neurotrauma 1994, 11:447-472.
    • (1994) J Neurotrauma , vol.11 , pp. 447-472
    • Ott, L.1    McClain, C.J.2    Gillespie, M.3
  • 90
    • 4444303061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current concepts in the development of heterotopic ossification
    • Pape H.C., Marsh S., Morley J.R., et al. Current concepts in the development of heterotopic ossification. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2004, 86:783-787.
    • (2004) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.86 , pp. 783-787
    • Pape, H.C.1    Marsh, S.2    Morley, J.R.3
  • 92
    • 79961181327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after acquired brain injury: a review of diagnostic criteria
    • Perkes I.E., Menon D.K., Nott M.T., et al. Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after acquired brain injury: a review of diagnostic criteria. Brain Inj 2011, 25:925-932.
    • (2011) Brain Inj , vol.25 , pp. 925-932
    • Perkes, I.E.1    Menon, D.K.2    Nott, M.T.3
  • 93
    • 0026487844 scopus 로고
    • Extracranial complications of severe head injury
    • Piek J., Chesnut R.M., Marshall L.F., et al. Extracranial complications of severe head injury. J Neurosurg 1992, 77:901-907.
    • (1992) J Neurosurg , vol.77 , pp. 901-907
    • Piek, J.1    Chesnut, R.M.2    Marshall, L.F.3
  • 94
    • 0036345748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential mechanisms of hypothermia-induced electrolyte depletion
    • Polderman K.H., Girbes A.R. Potential mechanisms of hypothermia-induced electrolyte depletion. Crit Care Med 2002, 30:1932-1933.
    • (2002) Crit Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 1932-1933
    • Polderman, K.H.1    Girbes, A.R.2
  • 95
    • 0034872679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypophosphatemia and hypomagnesemia induced by cooling in patients with severe head injury
    • Polderman K.H., Peerdeman S.M., Girbes A.R. Hypophosphatemia and hypomagnesemia induced by cooling in patients with severe head injury. J Neurosurg 2001, 94:697-705.
    • (2001) J Neurosurg , vol.94 , pp. 697-705
    • Polderman, K.H.1    Peerdeman, S.M.2    Girbes, A.R.3
  • 96
    • 0037353396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual changes associated with traumatic brain injury
    • Ponsford J. Sexual changes associated with traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2003, 13:275-289.
    • (2003) Neuropsychol Rehabil , vol.13 , pp. 275-289
    • Ponsford, J.1
  • 98
    • 33748607152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine failure after traumatic brain injury in adults
    • Powner D.J., Boccalandro C., Alp M.S., et al. Endocrine failure after traumatic brain injury in adults. Neurocrit Care 2006, 5:61-70.
    • (2006) Neurocrit Care , vol.5 , pp. 61-70
    • Powner, D.J.1    Boccalandro, C.2    Alp, M.S.3
  • 99
    • 33747175960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombocytopenia after therapeutic hypothermia in severe traumatic brain injury
    • Qiu W.S., Wang W.M., Du H.Y., et al. Thrombocytopenia after therapeutic hypothermia in severe traumatic brain injury. Chin J Traumatol 2006, 9:238-241.
    • (2006) Chin J Traumatol , vol.9 , pp. 238-241
    • Qiu, W.S.1    Wang, W.M.2    Du, H.Y.3
  • 100
    • 0025991819 scopus 로고
    • Impairment of helper T-cell function and lymphokine-activated killer cytotoxicity following severe head injury
    • Quattrocchi K.B., Frank E.H., Miller C.H., et al. Impairment of helper T-cell function and lymphokine-activated killer cytotoxicity following severe head injury. J Neurosurg 1991, 75:766-773.
    • (1991) J Neurosurg , vol.75 , pp. 766-773
    • Quattrocchi, K.B.1    Frank, E.H.2    Miller, C.H.3
  • 101
    • 0026510007 scopus 로고
    • Impairment of helper T-cell function following severe head injury
    • Quattrocchi K.B., Issel B.W., Miller C.H., et al. Impairment of helper T-cell function following severe head injury. J Neurotrauma 1992, 9:1-9.
    • (1992) J Neurotrauma , vol.9 , pp. 1-9
    • Quattrocchi, K.B.1    Issel, B.W.2    Miller, C.H.3
  • 102
    • 0036296424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemokines in neurological trauma models
    • Ransohoff R.M. Chemokines in neurological trauma models. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2002, 961:346-349.
    • (2002) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.961 , pp. 346-349
    • Ransohoff, R.M.1
  • 103
    • 0020615196 scopus 로고
    • Barbiturate therapy in uncontrolled intracranial hypertension
    • Rea G.L., Rockswold G.L. Barbiturate therapy in uncontrolled intracranial hypertension. Neurosurgery 1983, 12:401-404.
    • (1983) Neurosurgery , vol.12 , pp. 401-404
    • Rea, G.L.1    Rockswold, G.L.2
  • 104
    • 0032748981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of secondary ischemic insults after severe head injury
    • Robertson C.S., Valadka A.B., Hannay H.J., et al. Prevention of secondary ischemic insults after severe head injury. Crit Care Med 1999, 27:2086-2095.
    • (1999) Crit Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 2086-2095
    • Robertson, C.S.1    Valadka, A.B.2    Hannay, H.J.3
  • 105
    • 0029763404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual functioning following traumatic brain injury
    • Sandel M.E., Williams K.S., Dellapietra L., et al. Sexual functioning following traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 1996, 10:719-728.
    • (1996) Brain Inj , vol.10 , pp. 719-728
    • Sandel, M.E.1    Williams, K.S.2    Dellapietra, L.3
  • 106
    • 0026568486 scopus 로고
    • Complications and side effects during thiopentone therapy in patients with severe head injuries
    • Schalen W., Messeter K., Nordstrom C.H. Complications and side effects during thiopentone therapy in patients with severe head injuries. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1992, 36:369-377.
    • (1992) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.36 , pp. 369-377
    • Schalen, W.1    Messeter, K.2    Nordstrom, C.H.3
  • 107
    • 4344621618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor-mediated inhibition of interleukin-18 in the brain: a clinical and experimental study in head-injured patients and in a murine model of closed head injury
    • Schmidt O.I., Morganti-Kossmann M.C., Heyde C.E., et al. Tumor necrosis factor-mediated inhibition of interleukin-18 in the brain: a clinical and experimental study in head-injured patients and in a murine model of closed head injury. J Neuroinflammation 2004, 1:13.
    • (2004) J Neuroinflammation , vol.1 , pp. 13
    • Schmidt, O.I.1    Morganti-Kossmann, M.C.2    Heyde, C.E.3
  • 109
    • 6344251633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pituitary insufficiency following head injury - how common is it, and what is to be done?
    • 43-44
    • Schneider H.J., Schneider M., Rosen F.V., et al. Pituitary insufficiency following head injury - how common is it, and what is to be done?. MMW Fortschr Med 2004, 146:41. 43-44.
    • (2004) MMW Fortschr Med , vol.146 , pp. 41
    • Schneider, H.J.1    Schneider, M.2    Rosen, F.V.3
  • 110
    • 34748873143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symptomatic heterotopic ossification after very severe traumatic brain injury in 114 patients: incidence and risk factors
    • Simonsen L.L., Sonne-Holm S., Krasheninnikoff M., et al. Symptomatic heterotopic ossification after very severe traumatic brain injury in 114 patients: incidence and risk factors. Injury 2007, 38:1146-1150.
    • (2007) Injury , vol.38 , pp. 1146-1150
    • Simonsen, L.L.1    Sonne-Holm, S.2    Krasheninnikoff, M.3
  • 111
    • 0041633589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic prophylaxis strategies in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Sirvent J.M., Torres A. Antibiotic prophylaxis strategies in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2003, 4:1345-1354.
    • (2003) Expert Opin Pharmacother , vol.4 , pp. 1345-1354
    • Sirvent, J.M.1    Torres, A.2
  • 112
    • 0031001758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of intravenously administered cefuroxime against nosocomial pneumonia in patients with structural coma
    • Sirvent J.M., Torres A., El-Ebiary M., et al. Protective effect of intravenously administered cefuroxime against nosocomial pneumonia in patients with structural coma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997, 155:1729-1734.
    • (1997) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.155 , pp. 1729-1734
    • Sirvent, J.M.1    Torres, A.2    El-Ebiary, M.3
  • 113
    • 0016832432 scopus 로고
    • Heterotopic ossification in spinal cord-injured patients
    • Stover S.L., Hataway C.J., Zeiger H.E. Heterotopic ossification in spinal cord-injured patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1975, 56:199-204.
    • (1975) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.56 , pp. 199-204
    • Stover, S.L.1    Hataway, C.J.2    Zeiger, H.E.3
  • 114
    • 84856375117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of early nutritional support on intensive care unit length of stay and neurological status at discharge in children with severe traumatic brain injury
    • Taha A.A., Badr L., Westlake C., et al. Effect of early nutritional support on intensive care unit length of stay and neurological status at discharge in children with severe traumatic brain injury. J Neurosci Nurs 2011, 43:291-297.
    • (2011) J Neurosci Nurs , vol.43 , pp. 291-297
    • Taha, A.A.1    Badr, L.2    Westlake, C.3
  • 115
    • 0031003428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fibrinolytic parameters as an admission prognostic marker of head injury in patients who talk and deteriorate
    • Takahashi H., Urano T., Takada Y., et al. Fibrinolytic parameters as an admission prognostic marker of head injury in patients who talk and deteriorate. J Neurosurg 1997, 86:768-772.
    • (1997) J Neurosurg , vol.86 , pp. 768-772
    • Takahashi, H.1    Urano, T.2    Takada, Y.3
  • 116
    • 0033811646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil elastase may play a key role in developing symptomatic disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ failure in patients with head injury
    • Takahasi H., Urano T., Nagai N., et al. Neutrophil elastase may play a key role in developing symptomatic disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ failure in patients with head injury. J Trauma 2000, 49:86-91.
    • (2000) J Trauma , vol.49 , pp. 86-91
    • Takahasi, H.1    Urano, T.2    Nagai, N.3
  • 117
    • 81455154947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coagulopathy after isolated severe traumatic brain injury in children
    • Talving P., Lustenberger T., Lam L., et al. Coagulopathy after isolated severe traumatic brain injury in children. J Trauma 2011, 71:1205-1210.
    • (2011) J Trauma , vol.71 , pp. 1205-1210
    • Talving, P.1    Lustenberger, T.2    Lam, L.3
  • 118
    • 33744950951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High risk of hypopituitarism after traumatic brain injury: a prospective investigation of anterior pituitary function in the acute phase and 12 months after trauma
    • Tanriverdi F., Senyurek H., Unluhizarci K., et al. High risk of hypopituitarism after traumatic brain injury: a prospective investigation of anterior pituitary function in the acute phase and 12 months after trauma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006, 91:2105-2111.
    • (2006) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.91 , pp. 2105-2111
    • Tanriverdi, F.1    Senyurek, H.2    Unluhizarci, K.3
  • 119
    • 77955884109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pituitary function in subjects with mild traumatic brain injury: a review of literature and proposal of a screening strategy
    • Tanriverdi F., Unluhizarci K., Kelestimur F. Pituitary function in subjects with mild traumatic brain injury: a review of literature and proposal of a screening strategy. Pituitary 2010, 13:146-153.
    • (2010) Pituitary , vol.13 , pp. 146-153
    • Tanriverdi, F.1    Unluhizarci, K.2    Kelestimur, F.3
  • 120
    • 0034578326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid hormones in comatose patients with traumatic brain injury
    • Tenedieva V.D., Potapov A.A., Gaitur E.I., et al. Thyroid hormones in comatose patients with traumatic brain injury. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2000, 76:385-391.
    • (2000) Acta Neurochir Suppl , vol.76 , pp. 385-391
    • Tenedieva, V.D.1    Potapov, A.A.2    Gaitur, E.I.3
  • 121
    • 0016751403 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of neurogenic pulmonary oedema
    • Theodore J., Robin E.D. Pathogenesis of neurogenic pulmonary oedema. Lancet 1975, 2:749-751.
    • (1975) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 749-751
    • Theodore, J.1    Robin, E.D.2
  • 122
    • 45849110631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From brain to bone: evidence for the release of osteogenic humoral factors after traumatic brain injury
    • Toffoli A.M., Gautschi O.P., Frey S.P., et al. From brain to bone: evidence for the release of osteogenic humoral factors after traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2008, 22:511-518.
    • (2008) Brain Inj , vol.22 , pp. 511-518
    • Toffoli, A.M.1    Gautschi, O.P.2    Frey, S.P.3
  • 123
    • 24644513389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hypothermia on serum electrolyte, inflammation, coagulation, and nutritional parameters in patients with severe traumatic brain injury
    • Tokutomi T., Miyagi T., Morimoto K., et al. Effect of hypothermia on serum electrolyte, inflammation, coagulation, and nutritional parameters in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Neurocrit Care 2004, 1:171-182.
    • (2004) Neurocrit Care , vol.1 , pp. 171-182
    • Tokutomi, T.1    Miyagi, T.2    Morimoto, K.3
  • 124
    • 84867083805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in plasma phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, and valine are associated with significant changes in intracranial pressure and jugular venous oxygen saturation in patients with severe traumatic brain injury
    • Vuille-Dit-Bille R.N., Ha-Huy R., Stover J.F. Changes in plasma phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, and valine are associated with significant changes in intracranial pressure and jugular venous oxygen saturation in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Amino Acids 2012, 43:1287-1296.
    • (2012) Amino Acids , vol.43 , pp. 1287-1296
    • Vuille-Dit-Bille, R.N.1    Ha-Huy, R.2    Stover, J.F.3
  • 125
    • 0034057762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-8 is increased in cerebrospinal fluid of children with severe head injury
    • Whalen M.J., Carlos T.M., Kochanek P.M., et al. Interleukin-8 is increased in cerebrospinal fluid of children with severe head injury. Crit Care Med 2000, 28:929-934.
    • (2000) Crit Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 929-934
    • Whalen, M.J.1    Carlos, T.M.2    Kochanek, P.M.3
  • 126
    • 0033372942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of brain-mediated systemic anti-inflammatory syndrome causing immunodepression
    • Woiciechowsky C., Schoning B., Lanksch W.R., et al. Mechanisms of brain-mediated systemic anti-inflammatory syndrome causing immunodepression. J Mol Med 1999, 77:769-780.
    • (1999) J Mol Med , vol.77 , pp. 769-780
    • Woiciechowsky, C.1    Schoning, B.2    Lanksch, W.R.3
  • 127
    • 0021911709 scopus 로고
    • Transient hypogonadotropic hypogonadism caused by critical illness
    • Woolf P.D., Hamill R.W., McDonald J.V., et al. Transient hypogonadotropic hypogonadism caused by critical illness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985, 60:444-450.
    • (1985) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.60 , pp. 444-450
    • Woolf, P.D.1    Hamill, R.W.2    McDonald, J.V.3
  • 128
    • 0022498101 scopus 로고
    • Transient hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism after head trauma: effects on steroid precursors and correlation with sympathetic nervous system activity
    • Woolf P.D., Hamill R.W., McDonald J.V., et al. Transient hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism after head trauma: effects on steroid precursors and correlation with sympathetic nervous system activity. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1986, 25:265-274.
    • (1986) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.25 , pp. 265-274
    • Woolf, P.D.1    Hamill, R.W.2    McDonald, J.V.3
  • 129
    • 0023855330 scopus 로고
    • Thyroid test abnormalities in traumatic brain injury: correlation with neurologic impairment and sympathetic nervous system activation
    • Woolf P.D., Lee L.A., Hamill R.W., et al. Thyroid test abnormalities in traumatic brain injury: correlation with neurologic impairment and sympathetic nervous system activation. Am J Med 1988, 84:201-208.
    • (1988) Am J Med , vol.84 , pp. 201-208
    • Woolf, P.D.1    Lee, L.A.2    Hamill, R.W.3
  • 130
    • 80054036963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with isolated traumatic brain injury: a prospective cohort study
    • Wu X., Sha H., Sun Y., et al. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with isolated traumatic brain injury: a prospective cohort study. J Trauma 2011, 71:820-825.
    • (2011) J Trauma , vol.71 , pp. 820-825
    • Wu, X.1    Sha, H.2    Sun, Y.3
  • 131
    • 0024424436 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between admission hyperglycemia and neurologic outcome of severely brain-injured patients
    • Young B., Ott L., Dempsey R., et al. Relationship between admission hyperglycemia and neurologic outcome of severely brain-injured patients. Ann Surg 1989, 210:466-472.
    • (1989) Ann Surg , vol.210 , pp. 466-472
    • Young, B.1    Ott, L.2    Dempsey, R.3
  • 132
    • 14944366530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-neurologic organ dysfunction in severe traumatic brain injury
    • Zygun D.A., Kortbeek J.B., Fick G.H., et al. Non-neurologic organ dysfunction in severe traumatic brain injury. Crit Care Med 2005, 33:654-660.
    • (2005) Crit Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 654-660
    • Zygun, D.A.1    Kortbeek, J.B.2    Fick, G.H.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.