메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages 1-256

When politicians attack: Party cohesion in the media

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84924483285     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511780387     Document Type: Book
Times cited : (90)

References (487)
  • 5
    • 84924524756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health-Care Anger Has Deeper Roots
    • 1 September
    • Adamy, Janet, and Jonathan Weisman. 2009. "Health-Care Anger Has Deeper Roots." The Wall Street Journal, 1 September. www. online. wsj. com/article/SB125176363081674373. html.
    • (2009) The Wall Street Journal
    • Adamy, J.1    Weisman, J.2
  • 6
    • 84924524755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Power Players 2008
    • 13 October
    • Advertising Age. 2008. "Power Players 2008." 13 October. www. adage. com/article?article id=131580.
    • (2008) Advertising Age
  • 8
    • 0000589044 scopus 로고
    • Production, Information Costs, and Economic Organization
    • Alchian, Armen A., and Harold Demsetz. 1972. "Production, Information Costs, and Economic Organization." The American Economic Review 62: 777-95.
    • (1972) The American Economic Review , vol.62 , pp. 777-795
    • Alchian, A.A.1    Demsetz, H.2
  • 10
    • 0003254103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Tale of Two Speakers: A Comparison of Policy Making in the 100th and 104th Congresses
    • Paper presented to the
    • Aldrich, John, and David W. Rohde. 1996. "A Tale of Two Speakers: A Comparison of Policy Making in the 100th and 104th Congresses." Paper presented to the 1996 annual meeting of the American Political Science Association.
    • (1996) 1996 annual meeting of the American Political Science Association
    • Aldrich, J.1    Rohde, D.W.2
  • 11
    • 84924524753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upgrade Edict by McDonald's Faces Challenge: Owner-Operators to Hire Law Firm
    • 3 September
    • Alexander, Delroy. 2003. "Upgrade Edict by McDonald's Faces Challenge: Owner-Operators to Hire Law Firm." Chicago Tribune, 3 September.
    • (2003) Chicago Tribune
    • Alexander, D.1
  • 12
    • 84924524752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • House Healthcare Talks Break Down in Anger
    • 24 July
    • Allen, Jared, Mike Soraghan, and Lauren Burke. 2009. "House Healthcare Talks Break Down in Anger." The Hill, 24 July. www. thehill. com/leading-the-news/house-healthcare-talks-break-down-in-anger-2009-07-24. html.
    • (2009) The Hill
    • Allen, J.1    Soraghan, M.2    Burke, L.3
  • 13
    • 84924524751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bush Brain Trust Hears Criticism: Cadre of Aides Blasted by Both Parties as Out of Touch in Wake of Jeffords Switch
    • 27 May, Accessed: May 27, 2001
    • Allen, Mike. 2001. "Bush Brain Trust Hears Criticism: Cadre of Aides Blasted by Both Parties as Out of Touch in Wake of Jeffords Switch." The Washington Post, 27 May: A14. www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/articles/A82298-2001 May26. html. Accessed: May 27, 2001.
    • (2001) The Washington Post
    • Allen, M.1
  • 14
    • 84924524750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Next Question: Reporters Walk Line Between Deference and Diligence in Quizzing Bush
    • 1 December
    • Allen, Mike. 2004. "Next Question: Reporters Walk Line Between Deference and Diligence in Quizzing Bush." The Washington Post, 1 December.
    • (2004) The Washington Post
    • Allen, M.1
  • 15
    • 84924524749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DeLay Ethics Allegations Now Cause of GOP Concern
    • 14 March
    • Allen, Mike. 2005. "DeLay Ethics Allegations Now Cause of GOP Concern." The Washington Post, 14 March.
    • (2005) The Washington Post
    • Allen, M.1
  • 16
    • 84924524748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obama Launches Message War
    • 14 March
    • Allen, Mike. 2009. "Obama Launches Message War." Yahoo! News, 14 March. www. news. yahoo. com/s/politico/20090314/pl_politico/20007/p… = X3oDMTB1MjgxN2UzBHBvcwMxNARzZWMDdG9vbHMtdG9wBHNsaw NwcmludA
    • (2009) Yahoo! News
    • Allen, M.1
  • 17
    • 84924524747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Livingston Bows out of the Speakership: He Makes a Stunning Announcement on House Floor; Clinton Urges Him to Reconsider
    • the Associated Press
    • Allpolitics, Jonathan Karl, and the Associated Press. 1998. "Livingston Bows out of the Speakership: He Makes a Stunning Announcement on House Floor; Clinton Urges Him to Reconsider." CNN/Allpolitics. Com. www. cnn. com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/12/19/livingston. quits.
    • (1998) CNN/Allpolitics. Com
    • Allpolitics, J.K.1
  • 18
    • 0344062632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When News Norms Collide, Follow the Lead: New Evidence for Press Independence
    • Althaus, Scott L. 2003. "When News Norms Collide, Follow the Lead: New Evidence for Press Independence." Political Communication 20: 381-414.
    • (2003) Political Communication , vol.20 , pp. 381-414
    • Althaus, S.L.1
  • 20
    • 84924524746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are Democrats in for an August Slaughter?
    • 3 August
    • Ambinder, Marc. 2009. "Are Democrats in for an August Slaughter?" The Atlantic, 3 August. www. politics. theatlantic. com/2009/08/are democrats in for an august slaughter. php.
    • (2009) The Atlantic
    • Ambinder, M.1
  • 22
    • 0004205474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translation by W. Rhys Roberts
    • Aristotle. n. d. On Rhetoric. Translation by W. Rhys Roberts. www. ac-nice. fr/philo/textes/Aristotle-Works/22-Rhetoric. pdf.
    • On Rhetoric
    • Aristotle1
  • 24
    • 0004263519 scopus 로고
    • New York: Prentice-Hall
    • Asch, Soloman. 1952. Social Psychology. New York: Prentice-Hall.
    • (1952) Social Psychology
    • Asch, S.1
  • 25
    • 84924524745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed: May 25, 2001
    • Associated Press. 2001. "Jeffords Calls Bush 'One-Term'." www. dailynews. netscape. com/mynsnews/story. tmpl?table=n&cat=50700&2. 00105251232e +20. Accessed: May 25, 2001.
    • (2001) Jeffords Calls Bush 'One-Term'
    • Associated Press1
  • 26
    • 84924524744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinton Adviser: Kerry Ran Inconsistent Campaign
    • 17 March
    • Associated Press. 2005. "Clinton Adviser: Kerry Ran Inconsistent Campaign." Boston Herald, 17 March.
    • (2005) Boston Herald
    • Associated Press1
  • 27
    • 77149125853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2008 Political Ads Worth $2. 5 Billion to $2. 7 Billion
    • 12 December
    • Atkinson, Claire. 2008. "2008 Political Ads Worth $2. 5 Billion to $2. 7 Billion." Broadcasting & Cable, 12 December.
    • (2008) Broadcasting & Cable
    • Atkinson, C.1
  • 28
    • 25144501652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hastert Launches a Partisan Policy
    • 27 November
    • Babington, Charles. 2004. "Hastert Launches a Partisan Policy." The Washington Post, 27 November.
    • (2004) The Washington Post
    • Babington, C.1
  • 29
    • 84924524742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Don't Mess with Nancy Pelosi
    • 27 August
    • Bacon, Perry, Jr. 2006. "Don't Mess with Nancy Pelosi." Time, 27 August. www. time. com/time/printout/0, 8816, 1376213, 00. html.
    • (2006) Time
    • Bacon, P.1
  • 30
    • 85050067808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blaming the Guy Who Came Before Doesn't Work Long
    • 11 June
    • Baker, Peter. 2009. "Blaming the Guy Who Came Before Doesn't Work Long." The New York Times, 11 June. www. nytimes. com/2009/06/12/us/politics/12memo. html?_r=1&src=sch.
    • (2009) The New York Times
    • Baker, P.1
  • 31
    • 77951643008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emanuel Wields Power Freely, and Faces the Risks
    • 16 August
    • Baker, Peter, and Jeff Zeleny. 2009. "Emanuel Wields Power Freely, and Faces the Risks." The New York Times, 16 August. www. nytimes. com/2009/08/16/us/politics/16emanuel. html.
    • (2009) The New York Times
    • Baker, P.1    Zeleny, J.2
  • 32
    • 84905609283 scopus 로고
    • Congress, the President, and the Press
    • Balutis, Alan P. 1977. "Congress, the President, and the Press," Journalism Quarterly 53: 509-15.
    • (1977) Journalism Quarterly , vol.53 , pp. 509-515
    • Balutis, A.P.1
  • 33
    • 84924524739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • After a Bruising August, Time for Obama Team to Regroup
    • 2 September
    • Balz, Dan. 2009. "After a Bruising August, Time for Obama Team to Regroup." The Washington Post, 2 September. www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/09/01/AR2009090103741 pf. html.
    • (2009) The Washington Post
    • Balz, D.1
  • 34
    • 0033244399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rushed Decisions: Political Talk Radio and Vote Choice, 1994-1996
    • Barker, D. C. 1999. "Rushed Decisions: Political Talk Radio and Vote Choice, 1994-1996." Journal of Politics 61: 27-540.
    • (1999) Journal of Politics , vol.61 , pp. 27-540
    • Barker, D.C.1
  • 35
    • 84924524738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insider Poll
    • 19 September
    • Barnes, James A., Richard E. Cohen, and Peter Bell. 2009. "Insider Poll." National Journal, 19 September. www. nationaljournal. com/njmagazine/print friendly. php?ID=ip 20090919 1849.
    • (2009) National Journal
    • Barnes, J.A.1    Cohen, R.E.2    Bell, P.3
  • 37
    • 0004131085 scopus 로고
    • comp., 10th ed., rev. and enl. by Nathan Haskell Dole. Boston: Little, Brown and Company. Bartleby. com, 2000
    • Bartlett, John, comp. 1919. Familiar Quotations, 10th ed., rev. and enl. by Nathan Haskell Dole. Boston: Little, Brown and Company. Bartleby. com, 2000. www. bartleby. com/100.
    • (1919) Familiar Quotations
    • Bartlett, J.1
  • 38
    • 21644487644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ties That Bind
    • ed. Jane Pavitt. London: V&A Publications
    • Barwise, P., A. Dunham, and M. Ritson. 2000. "Ties That Bind." In Brand New, ed. Jane Pavitt. London: V&A Publications.
    • (2000) Brand New
    • Barwise, P.1    Dunham, A.2    Ritson, M.3
  • 39
    • 84924524736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rush Limbaugh Challenging Notion of New Politics
    • 30 January
    • Bauder, David. 2009. "Rush Limbaugh Challenging Notion of New Politics." Breitbart. com. 30 January. www. breitbart. com/article. php?id=D961JE5G0& show_article=1.
    • (2009) Breitbart. com
    • Bauder, D.1
  • 40
    • 0036276756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Constituent Foundations of the Rally-Roundthe-Flag Phenomenon
    • (June)
    • Baum, Matthew. 2002. "The Constituent Foundations of the Rally-Roundthe-Flag Phenomenon." International Studies Quarterly 46 (June): 263-98.
    • (2002) International Studies Quarterly , vol.46 , pp. 263-298
    • Baum, M.1
  • 41
    • 80051981069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crossing the Water's Edge: Elite Rhetoric, Media Coverage, and the Rally-Round-the-Flag Phenomenon, 1979-2003
    • Paper presented at the, Chicago, IL: 2-5 September
    • Baum, Matthew, and Tim Groeling. 2004. "Crossing the Water's Edge: Elite Rhetoric, Media Coverage, and the Rally-Round-the-Flag Phenomenon, 1979-2003." Paper presented at the 2004 annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Chicago, IL: 2-5 September.
    • (2004) 2004 annual meeting of the American Political Science Association
    • Baum, M.1    Groeling, T.2
  • 42
    • 67349145929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shot by the Messenger: Partisan Cues and Public Opinion Regarding National Security and War
    • Baum, Matthew A., and Tim Groeling. 2008. "Shot by the Messenger: Partisan Cues and Public Opinion Regarding National Security and War." Political Behavior 31: 157-86.
    • (2008) Political Behavior , vol.31 , pp. 157-186
    • Baum, M.A.1    Groeling, T.2
  • 43
    • 84924434972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baltimore McDonald's Franchisee Loses 'Oversaturation' Lawsuit
    • 14 February
    • Baumann, Gregory C. 1997. "Baltimore McDonald's Franchisee Loses 'Oversaturation' Lawsuit." The Daily Record, 14 February: 3A.
    • (1997) The Daily Record
    • Baumann, G.C.1
  • 44
    • 84924524734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3205889. stm, BBC News, 24 October
    • BBC. 2003./3205889. stm. "Galloway Expelled by Labour." BBC News, 24 October. www. news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/uk news/politics.
    • (2003) Galloway Expelled by Labour
    • BBC1
  • 45
    • 84924524733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paxman v Galloway
    • 6 May
    • BBC. 2005. "Paxman v Galloway." BBC News, 6 May. www. news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/uk news/politics/vote 2005/blog/4519553. stm.
    • (2005) BBC News
    • BBC1
  • 46
    • 84890634836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iowa's Top Statesmen Have Low U. S. Profile
    • (online edition), 10 October
    • Beaumont, Thomas. 2005. "Iowa's Top Statesmen Have Low U. S. Profile." The Des Moines Register (online edition), 10 October.
    • (2005) The Des Moines Register
    • Beaumont, T.1
  • 47
    • 84924524732 scopus 로고
    • New Attorney General Quiet Guardian of Law: Simple in Word and Deed, Mr. Stone Is Described as Man People Can Put Full Trust In
    • 27 April
    • Bennett, James O'Donnell. 1924. "New Attorney General Quiet Guardian of Law: Simple in Word and Deed, Mr. Stone Is Described as Man People Can Put Full Trust In." Los Angeles Times, 27 April: 1.
    • (1924) Los Angeles Times , pp. 1
    • Bennett, J.O.1
  • 48
    • 84985097339 scopus 로고
    • Toward a Theory of Press-State Relations in the United States
    • Bennett, W. Lance. 1990. "Toward a Theory of Press-State Relations in the United States." Journal of Communication 40: 103-25.
    • (1990) Journal of Communication , vol.40 , pp. 103-125
    • Bennett, W.L.1
  • 50
    • 0038795597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Burglar Alarm That Just Keeps Ringing: A Response to Zaller
    • (April/June)
    • Bennett, W. Lance. 2003. "The Burglar Alarm That Just Keeps Ringing: A Response to Zaller." Political Communication 20 (April/June): 131-8.
    • (2003) Political Communication , vol.20 , pp. 131-138
    • Bennett, W.L.1
  • 51
    • 33746505696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • None Dare Call It Torture: Indexing and the Limits of Press Independence in the Abu Ghraib Scandal
    • Bennett, W. Lance, Regina Lawrence, and Steven Livingston. 2006. "None Dare Call It Torture: Indexing and the Limits of Press Independence in the Abu Ghraib Scandal." Journal of Communication 56: 467-85.
    • (2006) Journal of Communication , vol.56 , pp. 467-485
    • Bennett, W.L.1    Lawrence, R.2    Livingston, S.3
  • 52
    • 84924524731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mixed Media: Maddow Hire Speeds MSNBC's Leftward Drift
    • 20 August
    • Bercovici, Jeff. 2008. "Mixed Media: Maddow Hire Speeds MSNBC's Leftward Drift." Conde Nast Portfolio. com. 20 August. www. portfolio. com/views/blogs/mixed-media/2008/08/20/maddow-hire-speeds-msnbcs-leftward-drift.
    • (2008) Conde Nast Portfolio. com
    • Bercovici, J.1
  • 53
    • 84924524730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is America Getting Over Keith Olbermann?
    • 29 January
    • Bercovici, Jeff. 2010. "Is America Getting Over Keith Olbermann?" AOL Daily Finance. 29 January. www. dailyfinance. com/story/media/is-america-gettingover-keith-olbermann/19337944.
    • (2010) AOL Daily Finance
    • Bercovici, J.1
  • 54
    • 84924524729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Democrats See a Party Adrift as Presidential Loss Sinks In
    • 16 February
    • Berke, Richard L. 2001. "Democrats See a Party Adrift as Presidential Loss Sinks In." The New York Times, 16 February: A18.
    • (2001) The New York Times
    • Berke, R.L.1
  • 55
    • 48749110189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Going Nowhere: The DLC Sputters to a Halt
    • 4 March
    • Berman, Ari. 2005. "Going Nowhere: The DLC Sputters to a Halt." The Nation, 4 March.
    • (2005) The Nation
    • Berman, A.1
  • 56
    • 84924524728 scopus 로고
    • 350 GOP Candidates Make Vow
    • 28 September
    • Best, Kathleen. 1994. "350 GOP Candidates Make Vow." St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 28 September.
    • (1994) St. Louis Post-Dispatch
    • Best, K.1
  • 57
    • 84917236829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Democrats Clash on Communications
    • 5 November
    • Billings, Erin. 2003. "Democrats Clash on Communications." Roll Call, 5 November.
    • (2003) Roll Call
    • Billings, E.1
  • 60
    • 0036386540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When Can a News Organization Lead Public Opinion? Ideology versus Market Forces in Decisions to Make News
    • Bovitz, Gregory, James Druckman, and Arthur Lupia. 2002. "When Can a News Organization Lead Public Opinion? Ideology versus Market Forces in Decisions to Make News." Public Choice 113: 127-55.
    • (2002) Public Choice , vol.113 , pp. 127-155
    • Bovitz, G.1    Druckman, J.2    Lupia, A.3
  • 62
    • 21144476746 scopus 로고
    • Presidents, the Use of Military Force, and Public Opinion
    • Bradley, Lian, and John Oneal. 1993. "Presidents, the Use of Military Force, and Public Opinion." Journal of Conflict Resolution 37 (2): 277-300.
    • (1993) Journal of Conflict Resolution , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 277-300
    • Bradley, L.1    Oneal, J.2
  • 63
    • 0030445793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Perils of Presidential Support: How the Republicans Took the House in the 1994 Midterm Elections
    • Brady, David, John Cogan, Brian Gaines, and Douglas Rivers. 1996. "The Perils of Presidential Support: How the Republicans Took the House in the 1994 Midterm Elections." Political Behavior 18: 345-67.
    • (1996) Political Behavior , vol.18 , pp. 345-367
    • Brady, D.1    Cogan, J.2    Gaines, B.3    Rivers, D.4
  • 64
    • 84924524725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bush's Tougher Leadership Challenge
    • 25 May, Accessed: May 27, 2001
    • Broder, David. 2001a. "Bush's Tougher Leadership Challenge." The Washington Post, 25 May: A01. www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/articles/A74601-2001May24. html. Accessed: May 27, 2001.
    • (2001) The Washington Post
    • Broder, D.1
  • 65
    • 84924524724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Crack in Bush's Governance
    • 27 May, Accessed: May 27, 2001
    • Broder, David. 2001b. "A Crack in Bush's Governance." The Washington Post, 27 May. www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/opinion/columns/broderdavid/A80283-2001May26. html. Accessed: May 27, 2001.
    • (2001) The Washington Post
    • Broder, D.1
  • 66
    • 84924524723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Fable of Emanuel the Great
    • 4 March, Accessed: March 8, 2010
    • Broder, David. 2010. "The Fable of Emanuel the Great." The Washington Post. 4 March. www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/03/03/AR 2010030301776. html. Accessed: March 8, 2010.
    • (2010) The Washington Post
    • Broder, D.1
  • 68
    • 84924524722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strength in Disunity." The New York Times, 23 November. Brownstein, Ronald. 1992. "Some GOP Hopefuls Hedge Bets with Clinton Tie-Ins
    • 26 October
    • Brooks, David. 2004. "Strength in Disunity." The New York Times, 23 November. Brownstein, Ronald. 1992. "Some GOP Hopefuls Hedge Bets with Clinton Tie-Ins." Los Angeles Times, 26 October.
    • (2004) Los Angeles Times
    • Brooks, D.1
  • 69
    • 84924524721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Parliamentary Challenge
    • 12 September
    • Brownstein, Ronald. 2009. "The Parliamentary Challenge." National Journal Magazine, 12 September. www. nationaljournal. com/njmagazine/print friendly. php?ID=nj 20090912 2821.
    • (2009) National Journal Magazine
    • Brownstein, R.1
  • 70
    • 84924524720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sorry, Dad, I'm Voting for Obama
    • 10 October
    • Buckley, Christopher. 2008. "Sorry, Dad, I'm Voting for Obama." The Daily Beast, 10 October. www. thedailybeast. com/blogs-and-stories/2008-10-10/the-conservative-case-for-obama.
    • (2008) The Daily Beast
    • Buckley, C.1
  • 71
    • 84924524719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The New Gods
    • 9 July
    • Bunting, Madeline. 2001. "The New Gods." The Guardian (UK). 9 July. www. guardian. co. uk/media/2001/jul/09/marketingandpr. g22.
    • (2001) The Guardian (UK)
    • Bunting, M.1
  • 73
    • 84924524718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interview with Newt Gingrich, Accessed May 11, 2000
    • C-SPAN. 1999. American Profiles. Interview with Newt Gingrich. www. cspan. org/guide/americanprofiles/newt transcript1. asp. Accessed May 11, 2000.
    • (1999) American Profiles
    • C-SPAN1
  • 74
    • 84924524717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sen. Stabenow Wants Hearings on Radio 'Accountability'; Talks Fairness Doctrine
    • 5 February
    • Calderone, Michael. 2009a. "Sen. Stabenow Wants Hearings on Radio 'Accountability'; Talks Fairness Doctrine." Politico. com. 5 February. www. politico. com/blogs/michaelcalderone/0209/Sen_Stabenow_wants… hearings_on_radio_ accountability_talks_fairness_doctrine. html?showall.
    • (2009) Politico. com
    • Calderone, M.1
  • 75
    • 84924524716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinton Wants 'More Balance' on Airwaves
    • 12 February
    • Calderone, Michael. 2009b. "Clinton Wants 'More Balance' on Airwaves." Politico. com. 12 February. (www. politico. com/blogs/michaelcalderone/02/09/Clinton wants more balance on the airwaves. html).
    • (2009) Politico. com
    • Calderone, M.1
  • 76
    • 84924524715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward an Understanding of the Institutional Performance of Congress in the Postwar Era: Structural Explanations for Surges and Slumps in the Production of Significant Legislation, 1945-1994
    • Presented at the
    • Cameron, Charles, William Howell, and E. Scott Adler. 1997. "Toward an Understanding of the Institutional Performance of Congress in the Postwar Era: Structural Explanations for Surges and Slumps in the Production of Significant Legislation, 1945-1994." Presented at the Midwest Political Science Association annual meeting, Chicago, IL: 10-13 April.
    • (1997) Midwest Political Science Association annual meeting, Chicago, IL: 10-13 April
    • Cameron, C.1    Howell, W.2    Adler, E.S.3
  • 80
    • 84924524713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New TV Ad Mentions a GOP Unmentionable
    • 29 October
    • Canellos, Peter S. 1996. "New TV Ad Mentions a GOP Unmentionable." The Boston Globe, 29 October.
    • (1996) The Boston Globe
    • Canellos, P.S.1
  • 82
    • 84924524712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thank You, Arlen: We Reelected the Worst Republican Senator, and Still Lost Pennsylvania
    • 3 November
    • Carney, Timothy. 2004. "Thank You, Arlen: We Reelected the Worst Republican Senator, and Still Lost Pennsylvania." National Review Online, 3 November.
    • (2004) National Review Online
    • Carney, T.1
  • 83
    • 1642540225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parties as Franchise Systems: The Stratarchical Organizational Imperative
    • Carty, R. Kenneth. 2004. "Parties as Franchise Systems: The Stratarchical Organizational Imperative." Party Politics 10: 5-24.
    • (2004) Party Politics , vol.10 , pp. 5-24
    • Carty, R.K.1
  • 85
    • 84924524711 scopus 로고
    • Reagan, Congressional Republicans Display Unified Front; President Fights Political Brush Fires at the White House; GOP's 'Governing Team Day' Shows New Togetherness in Minority Party
    • 16 September
    • Cattani, Richard J. 1980. "Reagan, Congressional Republicans Display Unified Front; President Fights Political Brush Fires at the White House; GOP's 'Governing Team Day' Shows New Togetherness in Minority Party." The Christian Science Monitor, 16 September.
    • (1980) The Christian Science Monitor
    • Cattani, R.J.1
  • 87
    • 84924524710 scopus 로고
    • Battle over the Budget; Clinton's Statement on Plan to Balance Federal Budget by 2005
    • 14 June
    • Clinton, William Jefferson. 1995. "Battle over the Budget; Clinton's Statement on Plan to Balance Federal Budget by 2005." The New York Times, 14 June. query. nytimes. com/gst/fullpage. html?res=990CE3DE133FF937A25755C0 A963958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2.
    • (1995) The New York Times
    • Clinton, W.J.1
  • 88
    • 84924524709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • File "TRACK1. BOK," August
    • "CMPA Coding Guidebook." 1997. File "TRACK1. BOK," August: 120.
    • (1997) CMPA Coding Guidebook , pp. 120
  • 94
    • 0003636128 scopus 로고
    • Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
    • Cohen, Bernard. 1963. The Press and Foreign Policy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    • (1963) The Press and Foreign Policy
    • Cohen, B.1
  • 95
    • 0002419213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Party Images and Candidate-Centered Campaigns in 1996: What's Money Got to Do with It?
    • 3rd ed., eds. John C. Green and Daniel M. Shea. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc
    • Coleman, John J. 1999. "Party Images and Candidate-Centered Campaigns in 1996: What's Money Got to Do with It?" In The State of the Parties: The Changing Role of Contemporary American Parties, 3rd ed., eds. John C. Green and Daniel M. Shea. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
    • (1999) The State of the Parties: The Changing Role of Contemporary American Parties
    • Coleman, J.J.1
  • 97
    • 84924524703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obama's Political Group Pushes Health Reform in Ad
    • 15 July
    • Condon, Stephanie. 2009. "Obama's Political Group Pushes Health Reform in Ad." CBSNews. com, 15 July. www. cbsnews. com/blogs/2009/07/15/politics/politicalhotsheet/entry5161695. shtml.
    • (2009) CBSNews. com
    • Condon, S.1
  • 98
    • 84924524702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly, Inc. P. C-15
    • Congressional Quarterly Almanac. 1996. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly, Inc. P. C-15.
    • (1996) Congressional Quarterly Almanac
  • 100
    • 84924524700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obama Urges Groups to Stop Attacks
    • 4 July
    • Connolly, Ceci. 2009. "Obama Urges Groups to Stop Attacks." The Washington Post, 4 July. www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/07/03/AR2009070302309 pf. html.
    • (2009) The Washington Post
    • Connolly, C.1
  • 102
    • 84928448153 scopus 로고
    • House Members as Newsmakers: The Effects of Televising Congress
    • Cook, Timothy E. 1986. "House Members as Newsmakers: The Effects of Televising Congress." Legislative Studies Quarterly 11: 203-26.
    • (1986) Legislative Studies Quarterly , vol.11 , pp. 203-226
    • Cook, T.E.1
  • 105
    • 84924524699 scopus 로고
    • GOP Offers a 'Contract' to Revive Reagan Years
    • 28 September
    • Cooper, Kenneth J. 1994. "GOP Offers a 'Contract' to Revive Reagan Years." The Washington Post, 28 September.
    • (1994) The Washington Post
    • Cooper, K.J.1
  • 107
    • 84924524697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explosive New Audio Reveals White House Using NEA to Push Partisan Agenda
    • 21 September
    • Courrielche, Patrick. 2009. "Explosive New Audio Reveals White House Using NEA to Push Partisan Agenda." Big Hollywood, 21 September. www. bigholly wood. breitbart. com/pcourrielche/2009/09/21/explosive-new-audio-revealswhite-house-using-nea-to-push-partisan-agenda.
    • (2009) Big Hollywood
    • Courrielche, P.1
  • 108
    • 0004263556 scopus 로고
    • Introduction: Governing in a Divided Era
    • Boulder, CO: Westview Press
    • Cox, Gary, and Sam Kernell. 1991. "Introduction: Governing in a Divided Era." In The Politics of Divided Government. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
    • (1991) The Politics of Divided Government
    • Cox, G.1    Kernell, S.2
  • 109
    • 0033148070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How Much Is Majority Status in the U. S. Congress Worth?
    • Cox, Gary, and Eric Magar. 1999. "How Much Is Majority Status in the U. S. Congress Worth?" American Political Science Review 93: 299-309.
    • (1999) American Political Science Review , vol.93 , pp. 299-309
    • Cox, G.1    Magar, E.2
  • 111
    • 0000510636 scopus 로고
    • Strategic Information Transmission
    • Crawford, Vincent P., and Joel Sobel. 1982. "Strategic Information Transmission." Econometrica 50: 1431-51.
    • (1982) Econometrica , vol.50 , pp. 1431-1451
    • Crawford, V.P.1    Sobel, J.2
  • 112
    • 0345930184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reporting Presidential Campaigns: AJournalist's View
    • eds. D. Graber, D. McQuail, and P. Norris. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press
    • Cronkite, Walter. 1998. "Reporting Presidential Campaigns: AJournalist's View." In The Politics of News: The News of Politics, eds. D. Graber, D. McQuail, and P. Norris. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press: 57-69.
    • (1998) The Politics of News: The News of Politics , pp. 57-69
    • Cronkite, W.1
  • 113
    • 84924524696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obama Still Cashing in on Bush's Failings
    • 29 July
    • Curl, Joseph. 2009a. "Obama Still Cashing in on Bush's Failings." The Washington Times, 29 July. www. washingtontimes. com/news/2009/jul/29/obamastill-cashing-in-on-bushs-economic-failings/print.
    • (2009) The Washington Times
    • Curl, J.1
  • 114
    • 84924524695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dems Still Run against Bush in N. J., Va.: Voters Transition to Judge Obama on own Record
    • 22 September
    • Curl, Joseph. 2009b. "Dems Still Run against Bush in N. J., Va.: Voters Transition to Judge Obama on own Record." The Washington Times, 22 September. www. washingtontimes. com/news/2009/sep/22/bush-as-rival-risky-tactic.
    • (2009) The Washington Times
    • Curl, J.1
  • 115
    • 84924515335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pelosi's August Recess Memo Takes the Cake
    • 6 August
    • Cusack, Bob, and Hans Nichols. 2003. "Pelosi's August Recess Memo Takes the Cake." The Hill, 6 August: 1.
    • (2003) The Hill , pp. 1
    • Cusack, B.1    Nichols, H.2
  • 116
    • 84928838102 scopus 로고
    • Some Reflections about Divided Government
    • Cutler, Lloyd. 1988. "Some Reflections about Divided Government." Presidential Studies Quarterly 18: 485-92.
    • (1988) Presidential Studies Quarterly , vol.18 , pp. 485-492
    • Cutler, L.1
  • 120
    • 84904590339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A GOP Plan to 'Fix' the Democrats
    • 10 May
    • Dionne, E. J. Jr. 2005. "A GOP Plan to 'Fix' the Democrats." The Washington Post, 10 May.
    • (2005) The Washington Post
    • Dionne, E.J.1
  • 122
    • 84970411296 scopus 로고
    • Publishers and Their 'Influence' Groups
    • Donohew, Lewis. 1965. "Publishers and Their 'Influence' Groups." Journalism Quarterly 42: 112-14.
    • (1965) Journalism Quarterly , vol.42 , pp. 112-114
    • Donohew, L.1
  • 125
    • 0142137774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Framing and Deliberation: How Citizens' Conversations Limit Elite Influence
    • Druckman, James. 2001. "Framing and Deliberation: How Citizens' Conversations Limit Elite Influence." American Journal of Political Science 47: 729.
    • (2001) American Journal of Political Science , vol.47 , pp. 729
    • Druckman, J.1
  • 126
    • 11044221426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Political Preference Formation: Competition, Deliberation, and the (Ir) relevance of Framing Effects
    • Druckman, James. 2004. "Political Preference Formation: Competition, Deliberation, and the (Ir) relevance of Framing Effects." American Political Science Review 98: 671.
    • (2004) American Political Science Review , vol.98 , pp. 671
    • Druckman, J.1
  • 127
    • 85050846946 scopus 로고
    • The Maverick Effect: Increased Communicator Credibility as a Result of Abandoning a Career
    • Dutton, Donald. 1973. "The Maverick Effect: Increased Communicator Credibility as a Result of Abandoning a Career." Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science 5: 145-51.
    • (1973) Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science , vol.5 , pp. 145-151
    • Dutton, D.1
  • 128
    • 0001981388 scopus 로고
    • Recipient Characteristics as Determinants of Responses to Persuasion
    • eds. R. Petty, T. Ostrom, and T. Brok. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Eagly, Alice H. 1981. "Recipient Characteristics as Determinants of Responses to Persuasion." In Cognitive Responses and Persuasion, eds. R. Petty, T. Ostrom, and T. Brok. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1981) Cognitive Responses and Persuasion
    • Eagly, A.H.1
  • 129
    • 2742607492 scopus 로고
    • Causal Inferences about Communicators, and Their Effect on Opinion Change
    • Eagly, Alice H., Wendy Wood, and Shelly Chaiken. 1978. "Causal Inferences about Communicators, and Their Effect on Opinion Change." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 36: 424-35.
    • (1978) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.36 , pp. 424-435
    • Eagly, A.H.1    Wood, W.2    Chaiken, S.3
  • 130
    • 84924524691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dems Start to Push Back Hard to Prevent a 'Waterloo'
    • 22 July
    • Edney, Anna, Kasie Hunt, and Peter Cohn. 2009. "Dems Start to Push Back Hard to Prevent a 'Waterloo'." National Journal, 22 July. www. nationaljournal. com/congressdaily/hca 20090722 6620. php.
    • (2009) National Journal
    • Edney, A.1    Hunt, K.2    Cohn, P.3
  • 131
    • 84924524690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Defection Highlights GOP's Fragile Coalition
    • 26 May, Accessed: May 27, 2001
    • Edsall, Thomas B., and David Broder. 2001. "A Defection Highlights GOP's Fragile Coalition." The Washington Post, 26 May: A1. www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/articles/A79602-2001May25. html. Accessed: May 27, 2001.
    • (2001) The Washington Post
    • Edsall, T.B.1    Broder, D.2
  • 132
    • 0033147647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who Influences Whom? The President and the Public Agenda
    • Edwards, George C., and B. Dan Wood. 1999. "Who Influences Whom? The President and the Public Agenda." American Political Science Review 93: 327-44.
    • (1999) American Political Science Review , vol.93 , pp. 327-344
    • Edwards, G.C.1    Wood, B.D.2
  • 134
    • 84924524689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GOP Moderates Fend off Attacks from Right
    • 17 March
    • Eilperin, Juliet. 2000. "GOP Moderates Fend off Attacks from Right." TheWashington Post, 17 March: A04.
    • (2000) TheWashington Post
    • Eilperin, J.1
  • 137
    • 34249050625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Media and Democracy without Party Competition
    • eds. James Curran and Michael Gurevitch. New York: Oxford University Press
    • Entman, Robert M. 2005. "Media and Democracy without Party Competition." In Mass Media and Society, eds. James Curran and Michael Gurevitch. New York: Oxford University Press.
    • (2005) Mass Media and Society
    • Entman, R.M.1
  • 140
    • 84924524688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PartiesSwitchRoles
    • 1 August
    • Erbe, Bonnie. 2008. "PartiesSwitchRoles." MetrowestDailyNews, 1August. www. metrowestdailynews. com/opinion/x280666137/Erbe-Parties-switch-roles.
    • (2008) MetrowestDailyNews
    • Erbe, B.1
  • 141
    • 33645791494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committees, Leaders, and Message Politics
    • 7th ed., eds. Lawrence C. Dodd and Bruce I. Oppenheimer. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press
    • Evans, C. Lawrence. 2001. "Committees, Leaders, and Message Politics." In Congress Reconsidered, 7th ed., eds. Lawrence C. Dodd and Bruce I. Oppenheimer. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.
    • (2001) Congress Reconsidered
    • Evans, C.L.1
  • 142
    • 34547522518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obstruction and Leadership in the U. S. Senate
    • 8th ed., eds. Lawrence Dodd and Bruce Oppenheimer. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press
    • Evans, C. Lawrence, and Daniel Lipinski. 2005. "Obstruction and Leadership in the U. S. Senate." In Congress Reconsidered, 8th ed., eds. Lawrence Dodd and Bruce Oppenheimer. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.
    • (2005) Congress Reconsidered
    • Evans, C.L.1    Lipinski, D.2
  • 143
    • 0002093334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procedural Features of House Republican Rule
    • eds. Nicole C. Rae and Colton C. Campbell. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc
    • Evans, C. Lawrence, and Mark J. Oleszek. 1999. "Procedural Features of House Republican Rule." In New Majority or Old Minority?: The Impact of Republicans on Congress, eds. Nicole C. Rae and Colton C. Campbell. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
    • (1999) New Majority or Old Minority?: The Impact of Republicans on Congress
    • Evans, C.L.1    Oleszek, M.J.2
  • 145
    • 77953315805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limbaugh's Audience Size? It's Largely up in the Air
    • 7 March
    • Farhi, Paul. 2009. "Limbaugh's Audience Size? It's Largely up in the Air." The Washington Post, 7 March. www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/03/06/AR2009030603435 pf. html.
    • (2009) The Washington Post
    • Farhi, P.1
  • 146
    • 85050831857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Source Material: New Presidents and Network News: Covering the First Year in Office of Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush
    • Farnsworth, Stephen, and S. Robert Lichter. 2004. "Source Material: New Presidents and Network News: Covering the First Year in Office of Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush." Presidential Studies Quarterly 34: 674-90.
    • (2004) Presidential Studies Quarterly , vol.34 , pp. 674-690
    • Farnsworth, S.1    Lichter, S.R.2
  • 151
    • 84924524685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • That Bush Political Capital Thing: When to Spend It and What's the Payback?
    • 27 April
    • Fineman, Howard. 2005. "That Bush Political Capital Thing: When to Spend It and What's the Payback?" MSNBC News, 27 April.
    • (2005) MSNBC News
    • Fineman, H.1
  • 153
    • 84924524684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dollar-Wise, 2008 Elections Fall Short: Total Ad Spending is Likely to Come in at $2. 5 Billion
    • 4 November
    • Fitzgerald, Toni. 2008. "Dollar-Wise, 2008 Elections Fall Short: Total Ad Spending is Likely to Come in at $2. 5 Billion." Media Life Magazine, 4 November. www. medialifemagazine. com/artman2/publish/Television 44/Dollar-wise2008 elections fall short. asp.
    • (2008) Media Life Magazine
    • Fitzgerald, T.1
  • 154
    • 84924524683 scopus 로고
    • Democrat Hold on House Attacked
    • 28 September
    • Fletcher, Martin. 1994. "Democrat Hold on House Attacked." The Times of London, 28 September.
    • (1994) The Times of London
    • Fletcher, M.1
  • 156
    • 84924524682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Democrats See Brighter Days in a Shared Spotlight
    • 14 April
    • Foerstel, Karen. 2001. "Democrats See Brighter Days in a Shared Spotlight." Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report, 14 April.
    • (2001) Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report
    • Foerstel, K.1
  • 157
    • 0034855122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Militarized Interstate Disputes and United States Uses of Force
    • Fordham, Benjamin, and Christopher Charles Sarver. 2001. "Militarized Interstate Disputes and United States Uses of Force." International Studies Quarterly 45 (3): 455-66.
    • (2001) International Studies Quarterly , vol.45 , Issue.3 , pp. 455-466
    • Fordham, B.1    Sarver, C.C.2
  • 159
    • 84971768567 scopus 로고
    • Eschewing Obfuscation? Campaigns and the Perception of U. S. Senate Incumbents
    • Franklin, Charles H. 1991. "Eschewing Obfuscation? Campaigns and the Perception of U. S. Senate Incumbents." The American Political Science Review 85 (4): 1193-214.
    • (1991) The American Political Science Review , vol.85 , Issue.4 , pp. 1193-1214
    • Franklin, C.H.1
  • 160
    • 84881391196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Following the (Soft) Money: Party Advertisements in American Elections
    • 4th ed., ed. Sandy Maisel. Boulder, CO: Westview Press
    • Franz, Michael, and Kenneth Goldstein. 2002. "Following the (Soft) Money: Party Advertisements in American Elections." In The Parties Respond, 4th ed., ed. Sandy Maisel. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
    • (2002) The Parties Respond
    • Franz, M.1    Goldstein, K.2
  • 161
    • 84924524680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personal Perspective: Democrats v. Democrats
    • 18 November
    • Freedburg, Louis. 2002. "Personal Perspective: Democrats v. Democrats." San Francisco Chronicle, 18 November.
    • (2002) San Francisco Chronicle
    • Freedburg, L.1
  • 162
    • 84924524679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Election: With One Week to Go, the Battle Shifts to Congress: Hopeful Clinton's Weak Underbelly; The House Staring Defeat in the Face. Mr. Dole Is Now Limping on for His Party's Sake
    • (London), 20 October
    • Freedland, Jonathan. 1996a. "US Election: With One Week to Go, the Battle Shifts to Congress: Hopeful Clinton's Weak Underbelly; The House Staring Defeat in the Face. Mr. Dole Is Now Limping on for His Party's Sake." The Guardian (London), 20 October.
    • (1996) The Guardian
    • Freedland, J.1
  • 163
    • 84924524678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Republicans to Put Their Hopes in Congress
    • (London), 25 October
    • Freedland, Jonathan. 1996b. "Republicans to Put Their Hopes in Congress." The Guardian (London), 25 October.
    • (1996) The Guardian
    • Freedland, J.1
  • 168
    • 0003225502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ed., Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press
    • Geer, John, ed. 1998. Politicians and Party Politics. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
    • (1998) Politicians and Party Politics
    • Geer, J.1
  • 169
    • 84924524676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No More Docs? Moore Mulls Post-'Capitalism' Career
    • 15 September
    • Germain, David. 2009. "No More Docs? Moore Mulls Post-'Capitalism' Career." Associated Press, 15 September. www. google. com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeq M5iRmEDXX8SS3TD0HcP4SZF021S7vAD9ANMQ4O0.
    • (2009) Associated Press
    • Germain, D.1
  • 170
    • 85056008235 scopus 로고
    • Across the Desk: A Study of 16 Telegraph Editors
    • Gieber, Walter. 1956. "Across the Desk: A Study of 16 Telegraph Editors." Journalism Quarterly 31: 61-8.
    • (1956) Journalism Quarterly , vol.31 , pp. 61-68
    • Gieber, W.1
  • 171
    • 85050847642 scopus 로고
    • How 'Gatekeepers' View Local Civil Liberties News
    • Gieber, Walter. 1960. "How 'Gatekeepers' View Local Civil Liberties News." Journalism Quarterly 37: 199-205.
    • (1960) Journalism Quarterly , vol.37 , pp. 199-205
    • Gieber, W.1
  • 172
    • 84924492902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 28 May, Accessed: May 31, 1999
    • Gigot, Paul. 1999. "The News Hour with Jim Lehrer," 28 May. www. pbs. org/newshour/shields&gigot/may99/sg_5-28. html. Accessed: May 31, 1999.
    • (1999) The News Hour with Jim Lehrer
    • Gigot, P.1
  • 173
    • 84924524675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Unbranding: Can the Democrats Make Themselves Look Tough?
    • 18 March
    • Goldberg, Jeffrey. 2005. "The Unbranding: Can the Democrats Make Themselves Look Tough?" The New Yorker, 18 March.
    • (2005) The New Yorker
    • Goldberg, J.1
  • 174
    • 84924524674 scopus 로고
    • Christensen Signs GOP Pact; Hoagland Sees Flaws in Agenda GOP Pledge
    • 28 September
    • Goodsell, Paul. 1994. "Christensen Signs GOP Pact; Hoagland Sees Flaws in Agenda GOP Pledge." Omaha World-Herald, 28 September.
    • (1994) Omaha World-Herald
    • Goodsell, P.1
  • 175
    • 84924438013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NBC Nightly News Wins 2008-9 Season
    • 22 September
    • Gorman, Bill. 2009. "NBC Nightly News Wins 2008-9 Season." TV by the Numbers, 22 September. www. tvbythenumbers. com/2009/09/22/nbc-nightlynews-wins-2008-9-season/28124.
    • (2009) TV by the Numbers
    • Gorman, B.1
  • 177
    • 84924524672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Enforcer
    • 20 October
    • Green, Joshua. 2005. "The Enforcer." Rolling Stone, 20 October. www. rolling stone. com/politics/story/8091986/the enforcer.
    • (2005) Rolling Stone
    • Green, J.1
  • 178
    • 2442465020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Los Angeles: University of California, Department of Communication Studies/Speech. Unpublished manuscript
    • Groeling, Tim. 1999. "Virtual Discussion: Web-Based Discussion Forums in Political Science." Los Angeles: University of California, Department of Communication Studies/Speech. Unpublished manuscript. escholarship. org/uc/item/99d387c8.
    • (1999) Virtual Discussion: Web-Based Discussion Forums in Political Science
    • Groeling, T.1
  • 179
    • 85044814589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who's the Fairest of Them All? An Empirical Test for Partisan Bias on ABC, CBS, NBC, and Fox News
    • Groeling, Tim. 2008. "Who's the Fairest of Them All? An Empirical Test for Partisan Bias on ABC, CBS, NBC, and Fox News." Presidential Studies Quarterly 38: 631-57.
    • (2008) Presidential Studies Quarterly , vol.38 , pp. 631-657
    • Groeling, T.1
  • 180
    • 84924524671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rally 'Round the Opposition: Presidential Rallies in Unified and Divided Government
    • eds. Diane Heath and Lori Cox Han. Albany, NY: SUNY Albany Press
    • Groeling, Tim, and Matthew Baum. 2006. "Rally 'Round the Opposition: Presidential Rallies in Unified and Divided Government." In The Public Domain: Presidents and the Challenge of Public Leadership, eds. Diane Heath and Lori Cox Han. Albany, NY: SUNY Albany Press.
    • (2006) The Public Domain: Presidents and the Challenge of Public Leadership
    • Groeling, T.1    Baum, M.2
  • 181
    • 54549113341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crossing the Water's Edge: Elite Rhetoric, Media Coverage, and the Rally-Round-the-Flag Phenomenon
    • Groeling, Tim, and Matthew Baum. 2008. "Crossing the Water's Edge: Elite Rhetoric, Media Coverage, and the Rally-Round-the-Flag Phenomenon." Journal of Politics 70: 1065-85.
    • (2008) Journal of Politics , vol.70 , pp. 1065-1085
    • Groeling, T.1    Baum, M.2
  • 182
    • 70350623216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Journalists' Incentives and Media Coverage of Elite Foreign Policy Evaluations
    • Groeling, Tim, and Matthew Baum. 2009. "Journalists' Incentives and Media Coverage of Elite Foreign Policy Evaluations." Conflict Management and Peace Sciences 26: 437-70.
    • (2009) Conflict Management and Peace Sciences , vol.26 , pp. 437-470
    • Groeling, T.1    Baum, M.2
  • 183
    • 84924524670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who Cleans up When the Party's Over? The Decline of Partisan Media and Rise of Split-Ticket Voting in the 20th Century
    • Paper presented at the, Toronto, Canada: 3-9 September
    • Groeling, Tim, and Erik Engstrom. 2009. "Who Cleans up When the Party's Over? The Decline of Partisan Media and Rise of Split-Ticket Voting in the 20th Century." Paper presented at the 2009 annual meeting of the American Political Science Association. Toronto, Canada: 3-9 September.
    • (2009) 2009 annual meeting of the American Political Science Association
    • Groeling, T.1    Engstrom, E.2
  • 184
    • 0032194855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is Network News Coverage of the President Biased?
    • Groeling, Tim J., and Samuel Kernell. 1998. "Is Network News Coverage of the President Biased?" The Journal of Politics 60: 1063-87.
    • (1998) The Journal of Politics , vol.60 , pp. 1063-1087
    • Groeling, T.J.1    Kernell, S.2
  • 185
    • 0003648420 scopus 로고
    • Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press
    • Grossman, Michael Baruch, and Martha Joynt Kumar. 1981. Portraying the President. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
    • (1981) Portraying the President
    • Grossman, M.B.1    Kumar, M.J.2
  • 186
    • 85050175400 scopus 로고
    • The Media and the Presidency: An Exchange Analysis
    • Grossman, Michael Baruch, and Francis E. Rourke. 1976. "The Media and the Presidency: An Exchange Analysis." Political Science Quarterly 91: 455-70.
    • (1976) Political Science Quarterly , vol.91 , pp. 455-470
    • Grossman, M.B.1    Rourke, F.E.2
  • 192
    • 0014413249 scopus 로고
    • The Tragedy of the Commons
    • Hardin, Garrett. 1968. "The Tragedy of the Commons." Science 162: 1243-48.
    • (1968) Science , vol.162 , pp. 1243-1248
    • Hardin, G.1
  • 194
    • 84883972053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The President's Best Hope in the G. O. P
    • 20 September
    • Harwood, John. 2009. "The President's Best Hope in the G. O. P." The New York Times, 20 September. www. nytimes. com/2009/09/21/us/politics/21caucus. html.
    • (2009) The New York Times
    • Harwood, J.1
  • 195
    • 84924524667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Most Democrats Opt Against Social Security Brainstorming
    • 7 May
    • Havemann, Joel. 2005. "Most Democrats Opt Against Social Security Brainstorming." Los Angeles Times, 7 May.
    • (2005) Los Angeles Times
    • Havemann, J.1
  • 196
    • 84924524666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GOP Moves to Punish Members Who Backed Budget
    • 23 February
    • Hecht, Peter. 2009. "GOP Moves to Punish Members Who Backed Budget." The Sacramento Bee, 23 February. www. sacbee. com/capitolandcalifornia/story/1644908. html.
    • (2009) The Sacramento Bee
    • Hecht, P.1
  • 197
    • 84924486987 scopus 로고
    • The President and Party Politics." In "The Presidency in Transition
    • Helms, E. Allen. 1949. "The President and Party Politics." In "The Presidency in Transition." The Journal of Politics. 11 (1): 42-64.
    • (1949) The Journal of Politics , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 42-64
    • Helms, E.A.1
  • 198
    • 84924524665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What the 104th Congress Did; Gloating Democrats and Burned-Out Republicans Learned the Same Lesson: Don't Bite Off More Than You Can Chew
    • 8 August
    • Henry, Ed. 1996. "What the 104th Congress Did; Gloating Democrats and Burned-Out Republicans Learned the Same Lesson: Don't Bite Off More Than You Can Chew." Cleveland Plain Dealer, 8 August.
    • (1996) Cleveland Plain Dealer
    • Henry, E.1
  • 199
    • 84924524664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bush's Plan for Retirement Leaves G. O. P. in a Quandary
    • 23 May
    • Hernandez, Raymond. 2005. "Bush's Plan for Retirement Leaves G. O. P. in a Quandary." The New York Times, 23 May. www. nytimes. com/2005/05/23/nyregion/23social. html.
    • (2005) The New York Times
    • Hernandez, R.1
  • 202
    • 0141796073 scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution
    • Hess, Stephen. 1991. Live from Capitol Hill. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.
    • (1991) Live from Capitol Hill
    • Hess, S.1
  • 204
    • 84924524662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stop the Money Chase
    • 19 February
    • Hollings, Ernest. 2006. "Stop the Money Chase." The Washington Post, 19 February.
    • (2006) The Washington Post
    • Hollings, E.1
  • 205
    • 84924524661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bush on Notice Despite Win in Congress
    • 9 December
    • Hook, Janet. 2004. "Bush on Notice Despite Win in Congress." Los Angeles Times, 9 December.
    • (2004) Los Angeles Times
    • Hook, J.1
  • 207
    • 77958414685 scopus 로고
    • The Influence of Source Credibility on Communication Effectiveness
    • Hovland, Carl, and Walter Weiss. 1951-1952. "The Influence of Source Credibility on Communication Effectiveness." Public Opinion Quarterly 15: 635-50.
    • (1951) Public Opinion Quarterly , vol.15 , pp. 635-650
    • Hovland, C.1    Weiss, W.2
  • 208
    • 84924524660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speaker Makes Room for New No. 1 Democrat
    • 4 January
    • Hulse, Carl. 2009a. "Speaker Makes Room for New No. 1 Democrat." The New York Times, 4 January. www. nytimes. com/2009/01/05/us/politics/05Pelosi. html.
    • (2009) The New York Times
    • Hulse, C.1
  • 209
    • 84924524659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Democrats Eye (Shh!) Reconciliation
    • 1 August
    • Hulse, Carl. 2009b. "Democrats Eye (Shh!) Reconciliation." The New York Times, 1 August. www. nytimes. com/2009/08/02/us/politics/02hulse. html.
    • (2009) The New York Times
    • Hulse, C.1
  • 210
    • 84924524658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On-the-Air Prez Seems Like Endless 'Infomercial.'
    • 21 September
    • Hurt, Charles. 2009. "On-the-Air Prez Seems Like Endless 'Infomercial.'" New York Post, 21 September. www. nypost. com/p/news/national/on the air prez seems like endless QNYXXyakSyHi8h306QRAKL.
    • (2009) New York Post
    • Hurt, C.1
  • 214
    • 84924524657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racism Still Wins Votes in Tennessee
    • 8 August
    • Jackson, K. O. 2004. "Racism Still Wins Votes in Tennessee." Mansfield (Ohio) News Journal, 8 August. www. mansfieldnewsjournal. com/news/stories/20040808/localnews/1003970. html.
    • (2004) Mansfield (Ohio) News Journal
    • Jackson, K.O.1
  • 217
    • 23244467100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polarized Politics and the 2004 Congressional and Presidential Elections
    • Jacobson, Gary. 2005. "Polarized Politics and the 2004 Congressional and Presidential Elections." Political Science Quarterly 120: 199-218.
    • (2005) Political Science Quarterly , vol.120 , pp. 199-218
    • Jacobson, G.1
  • 221
    • 84925894708 scopus 로고
    • Professional Models in Journalism: The Gatekeeper and the Advocate
    • Janowitz, Morris. 1975. "Professional Models in Journalism: The Gatekeeper and the Advocate." Journalism Quarterly 52: 618-26, 662.
    • (1975) Journalism Quarterly , vol.52
    • Janowitz, M.1
  • 223
    • 84924524655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed: May 27, 2001
    • Jeffords, James. 2001. Speech given on May 24, 2001. www. washingtonpost. com/wpsrv/onpolitics/transcripts/jeffordstext 052401. htm. Accessed: May 27, 2001.
    • (2001) Speech given on May 24, 2001
    • Jeffords, J.1
  • 226
    • 59149092309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presidential Leadership in a Government of Parties: An Unrealized Perspective
    • eds. John C. Green and Paul Herrnson. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas
    • Jones, Charles O. 2002. "Presidential Leadership in a Government of Parties: An Unrealized Perspective." In Responsible Partisanship? The Evolution of American Political Parties Since 1950, eds. John C. Green and Paul Herrnson. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.
    • (2002) Responsible Partisanship? The Evolution of American Political Parties Since 1950
    • Jones, C.O.1
  • 227
    • 0032222126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Political Talk Radio: The Limbaugh Effect on Primary Voters
    • Jones, Douglas A. 1998. "Political Talk Radio: The Limbaugh Effect on Primary Voters." Political Communication 15: 367-81.
    • (1998) Political Communication , vol.15 , pp. 367-381
    • Jones, D.A.1
  • 228
    • 84924524653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 Democrats to Submit Compromise on Lieberman: Connecticut Senator Would Be Sanctioned for Backing GOP Ticket but Could Keep Key Committee Post
    • 18 November
    • Kane, Paul. 2008. "2 Democrats to Submit Compromise on Lieberman: Connecticut Senator Would Be Sanctioned for Backing GOP Ticket but Could Keep Key Committee Post." The Washington Post, 18 November: A13.
    • (2008) The Washington Post
    • Kane, P.1
  • 229
    • 84924524652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deeply Divided House Democrats Return to Work-and the Same Set of Problems
    • 8 September
    • Kane, Paul, Ben Pershing, and Perry Bacon Jr. 2009. "Deeply Divided House Democrats Return to Work-and the Same Set of Problems." The Washington Post, 8 September. www. washingtonpost. com/wp dyn/content/article/2009/09/07/AR2009090701988 pf. html.
    • (2009) The Washington Post
    • Kane, P.1    Pershing, B.2    Bacon, P.3
  • 230
    • 84924524651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emanuel Tells Freshmen to Avoid Stephen Colbert
    • 15 March
    • Kaplan, Jonathan E. 2007. "Emanuel Tells Freshmen to Avoid Stephen Colbert." The Hill, 15 March.
    • (2007) The Hill
    • Kaplan, J.E.1
  • 234
    • 84925774472 scopus 로고
    • Divided We Govern: A Reassessment
    • Kelly, Sean Q. 1993. "Divided We Govern: A Reassessment." Polity 25 (1): 475-84.
    • (1993) Polity , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 475-484
    • Kelly, S.Q.1
  • 235
    • 84975976952 scopus 로고
    • Presidential Popularity and Negative Voting: An Alternative Explanation of the Midterm Congressional Decline of the President's Party
    • Kernell, Samuel. 1977. "Presidential Popularity and Negative Voting: An Alternative Explanation of the Midterm Congressional Decline of the President's Party." American Political Science Review 71: 44-66.
    • (1977) American Political Science Review , vol.71 , pp. 44-66
    • Kernell, S.1
  • 237
    • 84928458918 scopus 로고
    • Congress and the Presidency as News in the Nineteenth Century
    • Kernell, Samuel, and Gary C. Jacobson. 1987. "Congress and the Presidency as News in the Nineteenth Century." Journal of Politics 49: 1016-35.
    • (1987) Journal of Politics , vol.49 , pp. 1016-1035
    • Kernell, S.1    Jacobson, G.C.2
  • 238
    • 84924524648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shays: DeLay Should Quit as House Leader: GOP Congressman Tells AP That Texas Rep. Tom DeLay Should Step Down as House Majority Leader
    • 10 April
    • Kesten, Lou. 2005. "Shays: DeLay Should Quit as House Leader: GOP Congressman Tells AP That Texas Rep. Tom DeLay Should Step Down as House Majority Leader." Associated Press, 10 April. www. abcnews. go. com/Politics/wireStory?id=658259&CMP=OTC-RSSFeeds0312.
    • (2005) Associated Press
    • Kesten, L.1
  • 242
    • 0034409890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Making the Most of Statistical Analyses: Improving Interpretation and Presentation
    • King, Gary, Michael Tomz, and Jason Wittenberg. 2000. "Making the Most of Statistical Analyses: Improving Interpretation and Presentation." American Journal of Political Science 44: 341-55.
    • (2000) American Journal of Political Science , vol.44 , pp. 341-355
    • King, G.1    Tomz, M.2    Wittenberg, J.3
  • 246
    • 84924524645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • House GOP Seen Straying from Pledges in 'Contract'
    • 10 January
    • Klein, Rick. 2005a. "House GOP Seen Straying from Pledges in 'Contract'." The Boston Globe, 10 January.
    • (2005) The Boston Globe
    • Klein, R.1
  • 247
    • 84924524644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foes Cite Progress vs. Bush Agenda: Say Strategy Fuels GOP Infighting
    • 11 April
    • Klein, Rick. 2005b. "Foes Cite Progress vs. Bush Agenda: Say Strategy Fuels GOP Infighting." The Boston Globe, 11 April.
    • (2005) The Boston Globe
    • Klein, R.1
  • 248
    • 0009388018 scopus 로고
    • The Effect of Congruous and Incongruous Source-Statement Combinations upon the Judged Credibility of a Communication
    • Koeske, Gary F., and William D. Crano. 1968. "The Effect of Congruous and Incongruous Source-Statement Combinations upon the Judged Credibility of a Communication." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 4: 384-99.
    • (1968) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.4 , pp. 384-399
    • Koeske, G.F.1    Crano, W.D.2
  • 249
  • 250
    • 0030543315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institutional and Partisan Sources of Gridlock: A Theory of Divided and Unified Government
    • Krehbiel, Keith. 1996. "Institutional and Partisan Sources of Gridlock: A Theory of Divided and Unified Government." Journal of Theoretical Politics 8 (1): 7-40.
    • (1996) Journal of Theoretical Politics , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 7-40
    • Krehbiel, K.1
  • 252
    • 84924524642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Republican Candidates Begin Snubbing Bush
    • 19 June
    • Kuhn, David Paul, and Jonathan Martin. 2007. "Republican Candidates Begin Snubbing Bush." Politico. com, 19 June.
    • (2007) Politico. com
    • Kuhn, D.P.1    Martin, J.2
  • 253
    • 0001658992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • It's A Matter of Interpretation
    • eds. Diana C. Mutz, Paul M. Sniderman, and Richard A. Brody. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press
    • Kuklinski, James H., and Norman L. Hurley. 1996. "It's A Matter of Interpretation." In Political Persuasion and Attitude Change, eds. Diana C. Mutz, Paul M. Sniderman, and Richard A. Brody. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
    • (1996) Political Persuasion and Attitude Change
    • Kuklinski, J.H.1    Hurley, N.L.2
  • 254
    • 0001545787 scopus 로고
    • When Objectivity Is Not Objective: Network Television and the 'Paradox of Objectivity.'
    • Kuklinski, James, and Lee Sigelman. 1992. "When Objectivity Is Not Objective: Network Television and the 'Paradox of Objectivity.'" Journal of Politics 54: 810-33.
    • (1992) Journal of Politics , vol.54 , pp. 810-833
    • Kuklinski, J.1    Sigelman, L.2
  • 256
    • 84924459464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feeding the Media Beast: Leaks, Rats, and BlackBerrys
    • 17 December
    • Kurtz, Howard. 2000. "Feeding the Media Beast: Leaks, Rats, and BlackBerrys." The Washington Post, 17 December: C1.
    • (2000) The Washington Post
    • Kurtz, H.1
  • 257
    • 54549094398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Republican Convention Gets Under Way; Kerry Interviewed on 'The Daily Show.'
    • 29 August, Accessed: August 31, 2004
    • Kurtz, Howard. 2004. "Republican Convention Gets Under Way; Kerry Interviewed on 'The Daily Show.'" CNN's Reliable Sources, 29 August. www. cnn. com/TRANSCRIPTS/0408/29/rs. 00. html. Accessed: August 31, 2004.
    • (2004) CNN's Reliable Sources
    • Kurtz, H.1
  • 259
    • 84924524641 scopus 로고
    • C-SPAN Interview with Newt Gingrich, "To Renew America"
    • 23 July, Accessed: August 21, 2004
    • Lamb, Brian. 1995. C-SPAN Interview with Newt Gingrich, "To Renew America." Book Notes, 23 July. www. booknotes. org/transcripts/10148. htm. Accessed: August 21, 2004.
    • (1995) Book Notes
    • Lamb, B.1
  • 260
    • 84924524640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Centrist Democrats Warn Liberals
    • 4 April
    • Lambro, Donald. 2005. "Centrist Democrats Warn Liberals." The Washington Times, 4 April.
    • (2005) The Washington Times
    • Lambro, D.1
  • 261
    • 84898183998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Senate Republicans Try to Regroup; GOP Caucus Unites Behind Lott as Leader in the Wake of Jeffords's Defection
    • 26 May
    • Lancaster, John. 2001. "Senate Republicans Try to Regroup; GOP Caucus Unites Behind Lott as Leader in the Wake of Jeffords's Defection." The Washington Post, 26 May: A18.
    • (2001) The Washington Post
    • Lancaster, J.1
  • 262
    • 84894768650 scopus 로고
    • Clinton's High Victory Rate Conceals Disappointments: President Lost on Few Votes, but Some Big Issues Never Made It to the Floor of Either Chamber
    • 31 December
    • Langdon, Steve. 1994. "Clinton's High Victory Rate Conceals Disappointments: President Lost on Few Votes, but Some Big Issues Never Made It to the Floor of Either Chamber." Congressional Quarterly Weekly Review, 31 December: 3619.
    • (1994) Congressional Quarterly Weekly Review , pp. 3619
    • Langdon, S.1
  • 263
    • 0012715472 scopus 로고
    • News Source Use in the Crash of 1987: A Study of Four National Media
    • Lasorsa, Dominic, and Stephen Reese. 1990. "News Source Use in the Crash of 1987: A Study of Four National Media." Journalism Quarterly 67: 60-3.
    • (1990) Journalism Quarterly , vol.67 , pp. 60-63
    • Lasorsa, D.1    Reese, S.2
  • 264
    • 84924502009 scopus 로고
    • Clinton Holds out His Record as Election Issue Politics: In Risky Move, He Urges Voters to Choose Between His Policies and What the GOP Is Proposing
    • 8 October
    • Lauter, David. 1994. "Clinton Holds out His Record as Election Issue Politics: In Risky Move, He Urges Voters to Choose Between His Policies and What the GOP Is Proposing." Los Angeles Times, 8 October: 1.
    • (1994) Los Angeles Times , pp. 1
    • Lauter, D.1
  • 265
    • 84924443919 scopus 로고
    • Reporting the Political News at Washington
    • Lawrence, David. 1928. "Reporting the Political News at Washington." The American Political Science Review 22: 893-902.
    • (1928) The American Political Science Review , vol.22 , pp. 893-902
    • Lawrence, D.1
  • 267
    • 84924524638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GOP Warns Dems of September Heat
    • 1 September
    • Libit, Daniel. 2009. "GOP Warns Dems of September Heat." Politico. com. 1 September. www. dyn. politico. com/printstory. cfm?uuid=734A2CF2-18FE-70B2-A83836F45AFBA867.
    • (2009) Politico. com
    • Libit, D.1
  • 268
    • 0003227434 scopus 로고
    • Less News Is Worse News: Television News Coverage of Congress
    • eds. Thomas E. Mann and Norman Ornstein. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute and The Brookings Institution
    • Lichter, S. Robert, and Daniel Amundson. 1994. "Less News Is Worse News: Television News Coverage of Congress." In Congress, the Press and the Public, eds. Thomas E. Mann and Norman Ornstein. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute and The Brookings Institution.
    • (1994) Congress, the Press and the Public
    • Lichter, S.R.1    Amundson, D.2
  • 271
    • 84924524635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judges Are GOP Litmus Test
    • 9 May
    • Limbaugh, Rush. 2005. "Judges Are GOP Litmus Test." The Rush Limbaugh Show. 9 May. www. rushlimbaugh. com/home/daily/site 050905/content/rush warning. guest. html.
    • (2005) The Rush Limbaugh Show
    • Limbaugh, R.1
  • 273
    • 0040835463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communicating the Party Record: How Congressional Leaders Transmit Their Messages to the Public
    • Paper prepared for delivery at the, Atlanta, GA: 2-5 September
    • Lipinski, Daniel. 1999. "Communicating the Party Record: How Congressional Leaders Transmit Their Messages to the Public." Paper prepared for delivery at the 1999 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association. Atlanta, GA: 2-5 September.
    • (1999) 1999 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association
    • Lipinski, D.1
  • 276
    • 84924501997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fellow Democrats Don't Want Medicare Reform
    • 12 May
    • Lipman, Larry. 1999. "Fellow Democrats Don't Want Medicare Reform." Palm Beach Post, 12 May: 16A.
    • (1999) Palm Beach Post
    • Lipman, L.1
  • 277
    • 0004220258 scopus 로고
    • New York: Harcourt, Brace and Howe
    • Lippmann, Walter. 1920. Liberty and the News. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Howe.
    • (1920) Liberty and the News
    • Lippmann, W.1
  • 278
    • 84924524632 scopus 로고
    • McGrath to Crack Down on Dixiecrats
    • (Unsigned Article.), 9 May
    • Los Angeles Times. 1949. (Unsigned Article.) "McGrath to Crack Down on Dixiecrats." 9 May.
    • (1949) Los Angeles Times
  • 279
    • 84924524631 scopus 로고
    • Truman's Address to Indiana Group
    • (Unsigned Article.), 28 August
    • Los Angeles Times. 1955. (Unsigned Article.) "Truman's Address to Indiana Group." 28 August.
    • (1955) Los Angeles Times
  • 280
    • 84924524630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • McDonald's Franchisees Join the McFight; Fast Food: Disgruntled Owner-Operators Back Federal 'Good Faith' Legislation
    • 22 May: 8
    • Los Angeles Times. 1997. "McDonald's Franchisees Join the McFight; Fast Food: Disgruntled Owner-Operators Back Federal 'Good Faith' Legislation." 22 May: 8.
    • (1997) Los Angeles Times
  • 282
    • 84974489324 scopus 로고
    • Shortcuts Versus Encyclopedias: Information and Voting Behavior in California Insurance Reform Elections
    • Lupia, Arthur. 1994. "Shortcuts Versus Encyclopedias: Information and Voting Behavior in California Insurance Reform Elections." The American Political Science Review, 88 (1): 63-76.
    • (1994) The American Political Science Review , vol.88 , Issue.1 , pp. 63-76
    • Lupia, A.1
  • 284
    • 84924524629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Campaign Crawlers: The Toomey Revolution
    • 7 January
    • Macomber, Shawn. 2005. "Campaign Crawlers: The Toomey Revolution." The American Spectator, 7 January.
    • (2005) The American Spectator
    • McOmber, S.1
  • 285
    • 84886373311 scopus 로고
    • Federalist No. 10: The Same Subject Continued: The Union as a Safeguard Against Domestic Faction and Insurrection
    • 23 November, Accessed: March 7, 2010
    • Madison, James. 1787. "Federalist No. 10: The Same Subject Continued: The Union as a Safeguard Against Domestic Faction and Insurrection." New York Packet, 23 November. www. thomas. loc. gov/home/histdox/fed 10. html. Accessed: March 7, 2010.
    • (1787) New York Packet
    • Madison, J.1
  • 286
    • 0042824893 scopus 로고
    • Federalist No. 51: The Structure of the Government Must Furnish the Proper Checks and Balances Between the Different Departments
    • 8 February. Accessed: March 7, 2010
    • Madison, James. 1788. "Federalist No. 51: The Structure of the Government Must Furnish the Proper Checks and Balances Between the Different Departments." New York Packet, 8 February. Accessed: March 7, 2010. www. thomas. loc. gov/home/histdox/fed 51. html.
    • (1788) New York Packet
    • Madison, J.1
  • 287
    • 84924524627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radio $. O. $ Signal
    • 27 September
    • Mainelli, John. 2005. "Radio $. O. $ Signal." New York Post, 27 September.
    • (2005) New York Post
    • Mainelli, J.1
  • 288
    • 0030500732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Politics of Talk: Unconstrained Floor Time in the U. S. House of Representatives
    • Maltzman, Forrest, and Lee Sigelman. 1996. "The Politics of Talk: Unconstrained Floor Time in the U. S. House of Representatives." Journal of Politics 58: 810-21.
    • (1996) Journal of Politics , vol.58 , pp. 810-821
    • Maltzman, F.1    Sigelman, L.2
  • 290
    • 84924524560 scopus 로고
    • Resurgent Republicans Eye the Polls
    • 28 September
    • Martin, Jurek. 1994. "Resurgent Republicans Eye the Polls." Financial Times, 28 September.
    • (1994) Financial Times
    • Martin, J.1
  • 292
    • 84924524556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glossary, Accessed August 6, 2004
    • Master-McNeil, Inc. 2003. "BrandName." Glossary. www. naming. com/resources. html. Accessed August 6, 2004.
    • (2003) BrandName
  • 296
    • 84924492139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oak Brook, IL
    • McDonald's Corporation. 2003. "2003 Financial Report." Oak Brook, IL.
    • (2003) 2003 Financial Report
  • 297
    • 0004256827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed: August 6, 2004
    • McDonald's Corporation. 2004. "Franchising." www. media. mcdonalds. com/secured/company/franchising/usfactsheet/media/franpt1. pdf. Accessed: August 6, 2004.
    • (2004) Franchising
  • 298
    • 84924524552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • President's Party Basks as He Signs Wage Bill
    • 21 August
    • McGrory, Brian. 1996. "President's Party Basks as He Signs Wage Bill." The Boston Globe, 21 August.
    • (1996) The Boston Globe
    • McGrory, B.1
  • 299
    • 84924500994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aftershocks
    • 27 May, Accessed: May 27, 2001
    • McGrory, Mary. 2001. "Aftershocks." TheWashington Post, 27 May: B1. www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/opinion/columns/mcgrorymary/A80309-2001 May26. html. Accessed: May 27, 2001.
    • (2001) TheWashington Post
    • McGrory, M.1
  • 300
    • 84965722757 scopus 로고
    • What Kind of Commodity Is News?
    • McManus, John. 1992. "What Kind of Commodity Is News?" Communication Research, 19: 787-805.
    • (1992) Communication Research , vol.19 , pp. 787-805
    • McManus, J.1
  • 303
    • 84924524548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Centrists Hold Sway, to Leader's Chagrin
    • 4 May
    • Milligan, Susan. 2001. "Centrists Hold Sway, to Leader's Chagrin." The Boston Globe, 4 May: A2.
    • (2001) The Boston Globe
    • Milligan, S.1
  • 304
    • 84924524547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spooky Stuff
    • 27 October
    • Mills, Jim. 2000. "Spooky Stuff." Roll Call, 27 October.
    • (2000) Roll Call
    • Mills, J.1
  • 305
    • 84861802670 scopus 로고
    • The Optimal Structure of Incentives and Authority within an Organization
    • Mirrlees, James A. 1976. "The Optimal Structure of Incentives and Authority within an Organization." The Bell Journal of Economics 7: 105-31.
    • (1976) The Bell Journal of Economics , vol.7 , pp. 105-131
    • Mirrlees, J.A.1
  • 306
    • 84924524546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Musical Chairs: Democrats Take Their Turn in the Hot Seat
    • 27 May
    • Mitchell, Alison. 2001. "Musical Chairs: Democrats Take Their Turn in the Hot Seat." The New York Times, 27 May.
    • (2001) The New York Times
    • Mitchell, A.1
  • 308
    • 77957212178 scopus 로고
    • Newspapers in Presidential Campaigns
    • Mott, Frank Luther. 1944. "Newspapers in Presidential Campaigns." Public Opinion Quarterly 8: 348-67.
    • (1944) Public Opinion Quarterly , vol.8 , pp. 348-367
    • Mott, F.L.1
  • 309
    • 84971914975 scopus 로고
    • Presidential Popularity from Truman to Johnson
    • Mueller, John E. 1970. "Presidential Popularity from Truman to Johnson." American Political Science Review 64: 18-34.
    • (1970) American Political Science Review , vol.64 , pp. 18-34
    • Mueller, J.E.1
  • 311
    • 84898208876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Farewell to All That: An Oral History of the Bush White House
    • (February)
    • Murphy, Cullen, and Todd S. Purdum. 2009. "Farewell to All That: An Oral History of the Bush White House." Vanity Fair (February). www. vanityfair. com/politics/features/2009/02/bush-oral-history200902?printable=true¤t-Page=all.
    • (2009) Vanity Fair
    • Murphy, C.1    Purdum, T.S.2
  • 312
    • 84933492193 scopus 로고
    • Mass Media and the Depoliticization of Personal Experience
    • Mutz, Diana. 1992. "Mass Media and the Depoliticization of Personal Experience." American Journal of Political Science 36: 483-508.
    • (1992) American Journal of Political Science , vol.36 , pp. 483-508
    • Mutz, D.1
  • 313
    • 84898290184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Democratic Hard Chargers Try to Return Party to Power
    • 30 April
    • Nagourney, Adam. 2006. "Democratic Hard Chargers Try to Return Party to Power." The New York Times, 30 April.
    • (2006) The New York Times
    • Nagourney, A.1
  • 314
    • 84924524540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In Gingrich Mold, a New Voice for Solid Resistance in Republican Party
    • 15 February
    • Nagourney, Adam. 2009. "In Gingrich Mold, a New Voice for Solid Resistance in Republican Party." International Herald Tribune, 15 February. www. iht. com/bin/printfriendly. php?id=20195088.
    • (2009) International Herald Tribune
    • Nagourney, A.1
  • 315
    • 84911031499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Branding Public Policy: Marketed Government under Clinton and Blair
    • Paper presented at the, Boston, MA: 29 August-1 September
    • Needham, Catherine. 2002. "Branding Public Policy: Marketed Government under Clinton and Blair." Paper presented at the 2002 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association. Boston, MA: 29 August-1 September.
    • (2002) 2002 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association
    • Needham, C.1
  • 316
    • 21644462149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brand Leaders: Clinton, Blair and the Limitations of the Permanent Campaign
    • Needham, Catherine. 2005. "Brand Leaders: Clinton, Blair and the Limitations of the Permanent Campaign." Political Studies 53: 343-61.
    • (2005) Political Studies , vol.53 , pp. 343-361
    • Needham, C.1
  • 318
    • 84859629664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Americans More Likely to Say Government Doing Too Much
    • 21 September
    • Newport, Frank. 2009. "Americans More Likely to Say Government Doing Too Much." Gallup, 21 September. www. gallup. com/poll/123101/Americans-Likely-Say-Government-Doing-Too-Much. aspx.
    • (2009) Gallup
    • Newport, F.1
  • 319
    • 84924524537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obama Team Keeps Distance from Carter's Charges of Racism
    • 17 September
    • Nicholas, Peter. 2009. "Obama Team Keeps Distance from Carter's Charges of Racism." Los Angeles Times, 17 September. www. latimes. com/news/nation world/nation/healthcare/la-na-carter-obama17-2009sep17, 0, 4980703. story.
    • (2009) Los Angeles Times
    • Nicholas, P.1
  • 320
    • 84924524535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soros Says Be Patient
    • 20 April
    • Nichols, Hans. 2005. "Soros Says Be Patient." The Hill, 20 April.
    • (2005) The Hill
    • Nichols, H.1
  • 321
    • 0036678745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presidential Approval and the Mixed Blessing of Divided Government
    • Nicholson, Stephen P., Gary M. Segura, and Nathan D. Woods. 2002. "Presidential Approval and the Mixed Blessing of Divided Government." The Journal of Politics 64: 701-20.
    • (2002) The Journal of Politics , vol.64 , pp. 701-720
    • Nicholson, S.P.1    Segura, G.M.2    Woods, N.D.3
  • 323
    • 84924524533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Politics: The Chairman's Candidates-A Candid Assessment of the GOP Presidential Field
    • June, Accessed: September 10, 2004
    • Norquist, Grover. 1999. "Politics: The Chairman's Candidates-A Candid Assessment of the GOP Presidential Field." The American Spectator, June. www. atr. org/opeds/tas/tas0699. html. Accessed: September 10, 2004.
    • (1999) The American Spectator
    • Norquist, G.1
  • 324
    • 84924524531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Dem on the Block Chips Away at Gridlock
    • 25 January
    • Novak, Robert. 2001. "New Dem on the Block Chips Away at Gridlock." Chicago Sun-Times, 25 January. www. suntimes. com/output/novak/novak251. html.
    • (2001) Chicago Sun-Times
    • Novak, R.1
  • 325
    • 84924524529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dictated by Bush
    • Accessed September 5, 2004
    • Novak, Robert. 2004. "Dictated by Bush." CNN Inside Politics. www. cnn. com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/08/26/novak. bush/index. html. Accessed September 5, 2004.
    • (2004) CNN Inside Politics
    • Novak, R.1
  • 326
    • 84924524528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quest to Get a Republican to Fight DeLay May Have Crossed a Line
    • 11 April
    • Novak, Robert. 2005. "Quest to Get a Republican to Fight DeLay May Have Crossed a Line." Chicago Sun-Times, 11 April.
    • (2005) Chicago Sun-Times
    • Novak, R.1
  • 328
    • 84924524527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congressman: Centrist Dems Talking Healthcare Coalition with GOP
    • 18 July
    • O'Brien, Michael. 2009a. "Congressman: Centrist Dems Talking Healthcare Coalition with GOP." The Hill's Blog Briefing Room, 18 July. www. briefing room. thehill. com/2009/07/18/congressman-centrist-dems-approached-gop-toform-healthcare-coalition.
    • (2009) The Hill's Blog Briefing Room
    • O'Brien, M.1
  • 329
    • 84924524524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waters BlamesRahmfor Recalcitrant Dems on Healthcare
    • 28 July
    • O'Brien, Michael. 2009b. "Waters BlamesRahmfor Recalcitrant Dems on Healthcare." The Hill's Blog Briefing Room, 28 July. www. briefingroom. thehill. com/2009/07/28/waters-blames-rahm-for-recalcitrant-dems-on-healthcare.
    • (2009) The Hill's Blog Briefing Room
    • O'Brien, M.1
  • 330
    • 84924524522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Online Ad Outlook Brightens
    • 21 April, Accessed: August 6, 2004
    • Olsen, Stefanie. 2003. "Online Ad Outlook Brightens." CNET News, 21 April. www. news. com. com/2100-1024-997369. html?part=dht&tag=ntop. Accessed: August 6, 2004.
    • (2003) CNET News
    • Olsen, S.1
  • 332
    • 0000792953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are the American People 'Pretty Prudent?' Public Responses to U. S. Uses of Force, 1950-1988
    • Oneal, John R., Bradley Lian, and James H. Joyner, Jr. 1996. "Are the American People 'Pretty Prudent?' Public Responses to U. S. Uses of Force, 1950-1988." International Studies Quarterly 40: 261-280.
    • (1996) International Studies Quarterly , vol.40 , pp. 261-280
    • Oneal, J.R.1    Lian, B.2    Joyner, J.H.3
  • 333
    • 84974075195 scopus 로고
    • On the Psychology of the Psychology Experiment
    • Orne, M. T. 1962. "On the Psychology of the Psychology Experiment." American Psychologist 17: 776-83.
    • (1962) American Psychologist , vol.17 , pp. 776-783
    • Orne, M.T.1
  • 334
    • 84870443254 scopus 로고
    • Newt Gingrich: Shining Knight of the Post-Reagan Right
    • (November/December), Accessed: October 31, 1999
    • Osborne, David. 1984. "Newt Gingrich: Shining Knight of the Post-Reagan Right." Mother Jones (November/December). www. bsd. mojones. com/mother jones/ND84/index. html. Accessed: October 31, 1999.
    • (1984) Mother Jones
    • Osborne, D.1
  • 336
    • 84924524520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • May '09 Political Blog Readership 53% Lower Than It Was in October '08
    • 11 June
    • Owens, Simon. 2009. "May '09 Political Blog Readership 53% Lower Than It Was in October '08." Bloggasm. com. 11 June. www. bloggasm. com/may-09-political-blog-readership-53-lower-than-it-was-in-october-08.
    • (2009) Bloggasm. com
    • Owens, S.1
  • 337
    • 0004262875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chicago: University of Chicago Press
    • Page, Benjamin. 1996. Who Deliberates? Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    • (1996) Who Deliberates?
    • Page, B.1
  • 339
    • 84922576551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palin Problem: She's out of Her League
    • 26 September
    • Parker, Sarah. 2008. "Palin Problem: She's out of Her League." National Review Online, 26 September. article. nationalreview. com/?q=MDZiMDhjYTU1NmI5 Y2MwZjg2MWNiMWMyYTUxZDkwNTE=.
    • (2008) National Review Online
    • Parker, S.1
  • 340
    • 84924524518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Will Bush Turn His Veto Pen on a Fiscally Wayward GOP?
    • 19 May
    • Parks, Daniel J. 2001. "Will Bush Turn His Veto Pen on a Fiscally Wayward GOP?" CQ Weekly Report, 19 May: 1128.
    • (2001) CQ Weekly Report , pp. 1128
    • Parks, D.J.1
  • 342
    • 0038786533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doing Well and Doing Good
    • Cambridge, MA: Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics, and Public Policy, Harvard University
    • Patterson, Thomas E. 2000. "Doing Well and Doing Good." Research Report. Cambridge, MA: Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics, and Public Policy, Harvard University.
    • (2000) Research Report
    • Patterson, T.E.1
  • 343
    • 0038118695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Search for a Standard: Markets and the Media
    • Patterson, Thomas E. 2003. "The Search for a Standard: Markets and the Media." Political Communication 20: 139-43.
    • (2003) Political Communication , vol.20 , pp. 139-143
    • Patterson, T.E.1
  • 344
    • 0030305209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Issue Ownership in Presidential Elections, with a 1980 Case Study
    • Petrocik, John. 1996. "Issue Ownership in Presidential Elections, with a 1980 Case Study." American Journal of Political Science 40: 825-50.
    • (1996) American Journal of Political Science , vol.40 , pp. 825-850
    • Petrocik, J.1
  • 345
    • 2142683075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Issue Ownership and Presidential Campaigning, 1952-2000
    • Petrocik, John, William Benoit, and Glenn Hansen. 2003. "Issue Ownership and Presidential Campaigning, 1952-2000." Political Science Quarterly 118: 599-626.
    • (2003) Political Science Quarterly , vol.118 , pp. 599-626
    • Petrocik, J.1    Benoit, W.2    Hansen, G.3
  • 349
    • 84924524516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Republicans Slam Democrats for Planned Wilson Rebuke
    • 15 September
    • Phillips, Kate. 2009. "Republicans Slam Democrats for Planned Wilson Rebuke." The New York Times, 15 September. www. thecaucus. blogs. nytimes. com/2009/09/15/republicans-slam-democrats-for-planned-wilson-rebuke.
    • (2009) The New York Times
    • Phillips, K.1
  • 351
    • 84924524514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How Barack Obama Lost his Mojo
    • 6 September
    • Potter, Mitch. 2009. "How Barack Obama Lost his Mojo." The Star, 6 September. www. thestar. com/news/insight/article/691563.
    • (2009) The Star
    • Potter, M.1
  • 353
    • 84888712512 scopus 로고
    • A Cross-National Analysis of Economic Voting: Taking Account of the Political Context
    • Powell, G. Bingham Jr., and Guy D. Whitten. 1993. "A Cross-National Analysis of Economic Voting: Taking Account of the Political Context." American Journal of Political Science 37: 391-414.
    • (1993) American Journal of Political Science , vol.37 , pp. 391-414
    • Powell, G.B.1    Whitten, G.D.2
  • 357
    • 84924524508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obama Campaign Activists Find Health Care Harder Sell (Update1)
    • Accessed: June 17, 2009
    • Przybyla, Heidi. 2009. "Obama Campaign Activists Find Health Care Harder Sell (Update1)." Bloomberg. www. bloomberg. com/apps/news?pid=20670001& refer=&sid=arSw7zOwyxKo. Accessed: June 17, 2009.
    • (2009) Bloomberg
    • Przybyla, H.1
  • 358
    • 0009311173 scopus 로고
    • Divided Government and Policy Making: Negotiating the Laws
    • 4th ed., ed. Michael Nelson. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press
    • Quirk, Paul J., and Bruce Nesmith. 1995. "Divided Government and Policy Making: Negotiating the Laws." In The Presidency and the Political System, 4th ed., ed. Michael Nelson. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.
    • (1995) The Presidency and the Political System
    • Quirk, P.J.1    Nesmith, B.2
  • 359
    • 34547919280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Party Factionalism, 1946-96
    • ed. Byron E. Shafer. Chatham, NJ: Chatham House
    • Rae, Nichol. 1998. "Party Factionalism, 1946-96." In Partisan Approaches to Postwar American Politics, ed. Byron E. Shafer. Chatham, NJ: Chatham House.
    • (1998) Partisan Approaches to Postwar American Politics
    • Rae, N.1
  • 360
    • 84924524507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Republicans Chew on DeMint
    • 27 January
    • Raju, Manu. 2009. "Republicans Chew on DeMint." Politico. com, 27 January. dyn. politico. com/printstory. cfm?uuid=15B18F32-18FE-70B2-A8EAFE8949E9B160.
    • (2009) Politico. com
    • Raju, M.1
  • 363
    • 84924524506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 4 September
    • Rasmussen Reports. 2009. "Does Obama Face a 2012 Challenge in His Own Party?" 4 September. www. rasmussenreports. com/public_content/politics/obama_admin… n/september_2009/does_obama_face_a_2012_challenge_in_ his_own_party.
    • (2009) Does Obama Face a 2012 Challenge in His Own Party?
    • Reports, R.1
  • 364
    • 0004279247 scopus 로고
    • New York: Pocket Books, Simon & Schuster, Inc
    • Reagan, Ronald. 1990. An American Life. New York: Pocket Books, Simon & Schuster, Inc.
    • (1990) An American Life
    • Reagan, R.1
  • 369
    • 84924524502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obama Factor Plays to Senator's Advantage
    • 10 September
    • Robertson, Campbell. 2009. "Obama Factor Plays to Senator's Advantage." The New York Times, 10 September. www. nytimes. com/2009/09/11/us/11vitter. html?_r=1&src=sch.
    • (2009) The New York Times
    • Robertson, C.1
  • 371
    • 84972311902 scopus 로고
    • Public Affairs Television and the Growth of Political Malaise
    • Robinson, Michael J. 1976. "Public Affairs Television and the Growth of Political Malaise." American Political Science Review 70: 409-32.
    • (1976) American Political Science Review , vol.70 , pp. 409-432
    • Robinson, M.J.1
  • 374
    • 84924524500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Democrats' Healthcare Censorship Shows How Desperate They've Become
    • 27 July
    • Roff, Peter. 2009. "Democrats' Healthcare Censorship Shows How Desperate They've Become." U. S. News, 27 July. www. usnews. com/blogs/peter-roff/2009/07/24/democrats-healthcare-censorship-shows-how-desperate-theyvebecome. html.
    • (2009) U. S. News
    • Roff, P.1
  • 376
    • 84924524499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One D Is Not Enough: Measuring Conditional Party Government in 1887-2002
    • eds. David W. Brady and Mathew D. McCubbins. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press
    • Rohde, David, John H. Aldrich, and Michael Tofias. 2007. "One D Is Not Enough: Measuring Conditional Party Government in 1887-2002." In Process, Party and Policy Making: Further New Perspectives on the History of Congress, eds. David W. Brady and Mathew D. McCubbins. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
    • (2007) Process, Party and Policy Making: Further New Perspectives on the History of Congress
    • Rohde, D.1    Aldrich, J.H.2    Tofias, M.3
  • 377
    • 84981522620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AreWeHeaded for an Opposition Press?
    • 3 November
    • Rosen, Jay. 2004. "AreWeHeaded for an Opposition Press?" Press Think Online, 3 November. www. journalism. nyu. edu/pubzone/weblogs/pressthink.
    • (2004) Press Think Online
    • Rosen, J.1
  • 378
    • 84956742615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The End of 'Network News.'
    • 12 September
    • Rosenstiel, Tom. 2004. "The End of 'Network News.'" The Washington Post, 12 September: B07.
    • (2004) The Washington Post
    • Rosenstiel, T.1
  • 380
    • 84924524496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hoyer Says House May Leave Before Health-Care Vote (Update3)
    • 21 July
    • Rowley, James, and Kristin Jensen. 2009. "Hoyer Says House May Leave Before Health-Care Vote (Update3)." Bloomberg, 21 July. www. bloomberg. com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=aEAi6zSd837c.
    • (2009) Bloomberg
    • Rowley, J.1    Jensen, K.2
  • 382
    • 84924524495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guest: Howard Dean, Chairman of the Democratic Party
    • 22 May
    • Russert, Tim. 2005a. "Guest: Howard Dean, Chairman of the Democratic Party." NBC News: Meet the Press. 22 May.
    • (2005) NBC News: Meet the Press
    • Russert, T.1
  • 383
    • 84924524494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcript for October 2: John Abizaid, Rahm Emanuel, Thomas Reynolds, Dan Balz, and John Harwood
    • 2 October
    • Russert, Tim. 2005b. "Transcript for October 2: John Abizaid, Rahm Emanuel, Thomas Reynolds, Dan Balz, and John Harwood." NBC News: Meet the Press, 2 October. www. msnbc. msn. com/id/9542948.
    • (2005) NBC News: Meet the Press
    • Russert, T.1
  • 387
    • 84924524492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obama Leveraged Record Fundraising, Spending to Defeat Rivals
    • 4 November
    • Salant, Jonathan D. 2008. "Obama Leveraged Record Fundraising, Spending to Defeat Rivals." Bloomberg, 4 November. www. bloomberg. com/apps/news?pid=2060 1087.
    • (2008) Bloomberg
    • Salant, J.D.1
  • 388
    • 84924524491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bush Says He Refused to Bail out Republicans with Iraq Withdrawal
    • 11 January
    • Sammon, Bill. 2009. "Bush Says He Refused to Bail out Republicans with Iraq Withdrawal." Fox News, 11 January. www. foxnews. com/politics/2009/01/10/bush-says-refused-bail-republicans-iraq-withdrawal.
    • (2009) Fox News
    • Sammon, B.1
  • 389
    • 84924524490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blue Dog Democrats Oppose Card Check
    • 18 February
    • Sanders, David J. 2009. "Blue Dog Democrats Oppose Card Check." Arkansas News, 18 February. www. arkansasnews. com/?p=26290.
    • (2009) Arkansas News
    • Sanders, D.J.1
  • 390
    • 84924524489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Races Indicate Democrats Face Election Struggles; Congressional Hopefuls Low on Funds in South
    • 15 August
    • Sawyer, Jon. 1996. "Races Indicate Democrats Face Election Struggles; Congressional Hopefuls Low on Funds in South." St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 15 August.
    • (1996) St. Louis Post-Dispatch
    • Sawyer, J.1
  • 393
    • 84924524488 scopus 로고
    • President Clinton's Budget Proposal Draws Criticism on Capitol Hill by Fellow Party Members
    • 14 June
    • Schieffer, Bob. 1995. "President Clinton's Budget Proposal Draws Criticism on Capitol Hill by Fellow Party Members." CBS This Morning, 14 June.
    • (1995) CBS This Morning
    • Schieffer, B.1
  • 394
    • 84974232368 scopus 로고
    • On the Theory of Party Organizations
    • Schlesinger, Joseph. 1984. "On the Theory of Party Organizations." The Journal of Politics 46: 369-400.
    • (1984) The Journal of Politics , vol.46 , pp. 369-400
    • Schlesinger, J.1
  • 396
    • 84924524487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Special Order Speeches: Current House Practices
    • Schneider, Judy. 2001. "Special Order Speeches: Current House Practices." Congressional Research Service Report. www. house. gov/rules/rl30136. pdf.
    • (2001) Congressional Research Service Report
    • Schneider, J.1
  • 397
    • 3543116285 scopus 로고
    • The Nature of News
    • Schramm, Wilbur. 1949. "The Nature of News." Journalism Quarterly 26: 259-69.
    • (1949) Journalism Quarterly , vol.26 , pp. 259-269
    • Schramm, W.1
  • 399
    • 84924524486 scopus 로고
    • Birth of a Vision: Files Show How Gingrich Laid a Grand G. O. P. Plan
    • 3 December
    • Seelye, Katharine Q., Stephen Engelberg, and Jeff Gerth. 1995. "Birth of a Vision: Files Show How Gingrich Laid a Grand G. O. P. Plan." The New York Times, 3 December.
    • (1995) The New York Times
    • Seelye, K.Q.1    Engelberg, S.2    Gerth, J.3
  • 400
    • 84924524485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constructing News in Congress: The Response of the Rank and File
    • Paper presented to the, Washington, DC: 1-3 September
    • Sellers, Patrick. 2005. "Constructing News in Congress: The Response of the Rank and File." Paper presented to the 2005 meeting of the American Political Science Association. Washington, DC: 1-3 September.
    • (2005) 2005 meeting of the American Political Science Association
    • Sellers, P.1
  • 401
    • 36949001131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Winning Coverage in the U. S. Senate
    • Sellers, Patrick, and Brian Schaffner. 2007. "Winning Coverage in the U. S. Senate." Political Communication 24: 377-91.
    • (2007) Political Communication , vol.24 , pp. 377-391
    • Sellers, P.1    Schaffner, B.2
  • 402
    • 84924524484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Democrats Won't Win by Whining
    • 3 January
    • Shapiro, Walter. 2005. "Democrats Won't Win by Whining." The Los Angeles Times, 3 January. www. articles. latimes. com/2005/jan/03/opinion/oeshapiro3.
    • (2005) The Los Angeles Times
    • Shapiro, W.1
  • 403
    • 84924524483 scopus 로고
    • GOP Contract Is Hokum and the Voters Know It
    • 28 September
    • Sharkey, Mary Anne. 1994. "GOP Contract Is Hokum and the Voters Know It." The (Cleveland) Plain Dealer, 28 September.
    • (1994) The (Cleveland) Plain Dealer
    • Sharkey, M.A.1
  • 404
    • 84924524482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The More Pernicious Bias Is Less Substance, More Fluff
    • 19 January
    • Shaw, David. 2003. "The More Pernicious Bias Is Less Substance, More Fluff." Los Angeles Times, 19 January.
    • (2003) Los Angeles Times
    • Shaw, D.1
  • 405
    • 84924524481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advertisers Continue to Abandon Glenn Beck after Pundit Had Called President Obama a 'Racist.'
    • 3 September
    • Siemaszko, Corky. 2009. "Advertisers Continue to Abandon Glenn Beck after Pundit Had Called President Obama a 'Racist.'" New York Daily News, 3 September. www. nydailynews. com/money/2009/09/03/2009-09-03 advertisers. html.
    • (2009) New York Daily News
    • Siemaszko, C.1
  • 406
    • 84924524480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Obama Roadblock: Why He's Sagging Online
    • 21 September
    • Sifry, Micah. 2009. "The Obama Roadblock: Why He's Sagging Online." Techpresident. com. 21 September. www. techpresident. com/blog-entry/obamaroadblock-why-hes-sagging-online.
    • (2009) Techpresident. com
    • Sifry, M.1
  • 408
    • 0003360350 scopus 로고
    • Sources Make the News
    • eds. R. K. Manoff and M. Shudson. New York: Pantheon Books
    • Sigal, Leon V. 1986. "Sources Make the News." In Reading the News: A Pantheon Guide to Popular Culture, eds. R. K. Manoff and M. Shudson. New York: Pantheon Books.
    • (1986) Reading the News: A Pantheon Guide to Popular Culture
    • Sigal, L.V.1
  • 412
    • 84873979691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Dream Fulfilled? Party Development in Congress, 1950-2000
    • eds. John C. Green and Paul Herrnson. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas
    • Sinclair, Barbara. 2002. "The Dream Fulfilled? Party Development in Congress, 1950-2000." In Responsible Partisanship? The Evolution of American Political Parties Since 1950, eds. John C. Green and Paul Herrnson. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.
    • (2002) Responsible Partisanship? The Evolution of American Political Parties Since 1950
    • Sinclair, B.1
  • 414
    • 84916969494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obama: Don't Fund Independent Groups
    • 13 May
    • Smith, Ben. 2008. "Obama: Don't Fund Independent Groups." Politico. com. 13 May. www. dyn. politico. com/printstory. cfm?uuid=E3B0286A-3048-5C12-002C0EDCA4CE3CF7.
    • (2008) Politico. com
    • Smith, B.1
  • 415
    • 84924524476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glenn Beck Up, Left Down and Van Jones Defiant
    • 7 September
    • Smith, Ben, and Nia-Malika Henderson. 2009. "Glenn Beck Up, Left Down and Van Jones Defiant." Politico. com. 7 September. www. politico. com/news/stories/0909/26813. html.
    • (2009) Politico. com
    • Smith, B.1    Henderson, N.-M.2
  • 418
    • 85050254229 scopus 로고
    • 'Mr. Gates' Revisited: A 1966 Version of the 1949 Case Study
    • Snider, Paul. 1967. "'Mr. Gates' Revisited: A 1966 Version of the 1949 Case Study." Journalism Quarterly 44: 419-27.
    • (1967) Journalism Quarterly , vol.44 , pp. 419-427
    • Snider, P.1
  • 420
    • 84924524475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dem Memo Plots Message War on Insurers
    • 30 July
    • Soraghan, Mike. 2009. "Dem Memo Plots Message War on Insurers." The Hill, 30 July. www. thehill. com/leading-the-news/dem-memo-plots-messagewar-on-insurers-2009-07-30. html.
    • (2009) The Hill
    • Soraghan, M.1
  • 421
    • 0003957341 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Spence, A. Michael. 1973. Market Signaling. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • (1973) Market Signaling
    • Spence, A.M.1
  • 422
    • 0036003571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Campaign Advertising: Partisan Convergence or Divergence?
    • Spilotes, Constantine, and Lynn Vavreck. 2002. "Campaign Advertising: Partisan Convergence or Divergence?" Journal of Politics 64: 249-61.
    • (2002) Journal of Politics , vol.64 , pp. 249-261
    • Spilotes, C.1    Vavreck, L.2
  • 423
    • 84965751350 scopus 로고
    • Who Gets National News Coverage in the U. S. Senate?
    • Squire, Peverill. 1988. "Who Gets National News Coverage in the U. S. Senate?" American Politics Quarterly 16: 139-56.
    • (1988) American Politics Quarterly , vol.16 , pp. 139-156
    • Squire, P.1
  • 424
    • 84924524474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The TV Watch: Just Barely Off Broadway, the G. O. P. Puts on a Show
    • 2 September
    • Stanley, Alessandra. 2004. "The TV Watch: Just Barely Off Broadway, the G. O. P. Puts on a Show." The New York Times, 2 September.
    • (2004) The New York Times
    • Stanley, A.1
  • 427
    • 84924524471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air American Is Changing Ownership
    • 21 February
    • Stein, Sam. 2008. "Air American Is Changing Ownership." The Huffington Post, 21 February. www. huffingtonpost. com/2008/02/21/air-america-ischanging-o n 87765. html.
    • (2008) The Huffington Post
    • Stein, S.1
  • 428
    • 84924524470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obama and DNC Try Turning Angry Mobs and Drudge into Benefits
    • 4 August
    • Stein, Sam. 2009. "Obama and DNC Try Turning Angry Mobs and Drudge into Benefits." The Huffington Post, 4 August. www. huffingtonpost. com/2009/08/04/obama-and-dnc-try-turning n 250890. html.
    • (2009) The Huffington Post
    • Stein, S.1
  • 429
    • 84924524469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • News Analysis: Bush's Capitol Hill Two-Step
    • 6 May
    • Stevenson, Richard. 2001. "News Analysis: Bush's Capitol Hill Two-Step." The New York Times, 6 May. www. nytimes. com/2001/05/06/politics/06BUSH. html.
    • (2001) The New York Times
    • Stevenson, R.1
  • 430
    • 84924524468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some in GOP Call on Bush to Focus on Governing
    • 27 June
    • Stevenson, Richard. 2005. "Some in GOP Call on Bush to Focus on Governing." The New York Times, 27 June.
    • (2005) The New York Times
    • Stevenson, R.1
  • 431
    • 84924524467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 Top GOP Lawmakers Buck Bush on Social Security
    • 18 February
    • Stevenson, Richard, and Robin Toner. 2005. "2 Top GOP Lawmakers Buck Bush on Social Security." The New York Times, 18 February.
    • (2005) The New York Times
    • Stevenson, R.1    Toner, R.2
  • 432
    • 0003217778 scopus 로고
    • Lessons from the Post-Civil War Era
    • Gary Cox and Samuel Kernell. Boulder, CO: Westview Press
    • Stewart, Charles H. 1991. "Lessons from the Post-Civil War Era." In The Politics of Divided Government, Gary Cox and Samuel Kernell. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
    • (1991) The Politics of Divided Government
    • Stewart, C.H.1
  • 433
    • 84924524466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obama's Secret Weapons: Internet, Databases and Psychology
    • 29 October
    • Stirland, Sarah Lai. 2008. "Obama's Secret Weapons: Internet, Databases and Psychology." Wired. com, 29 October. www. blog. wired. com/27bstroke6/2008/10/obamas-secret-w. html.
    • (2008) Wired. com
    • Stirland, S.L.1
  • 434
    • 84924524465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Keynote Speaker: Disaffected Democrat Who Is Now a G. O. P. Dream
    • 1 September
    • Stolberg, Sheryl G. 2004. "The Keynote Speaker: Disaffected Democrat Who Is Now a G. O. P. Dream." The New York Times, 1 September.
    • (2004) The New York Times
    • Stolberg, S.G.1
  • 435
    • 84924524464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do They Want Bill 1 or Bill 2?
    • 27 October
    • Sullivan, Andrew. 1996. "Do They Want Bill 1 or Bill 2?" The Sunday Times of London, 27 October.
    • (1996) The Sunday Times of London
    • Sullivan, A.1
  • 436
    • 84922664313 scopus 로고
    • Needed: A Political Theory for the New Era of Coalition Government in the United States
    • Sundquist, James. 1988. "Needed: A Political Theory for the New Era of Coalition Government in the United States." Political Science Quarterly 103: 613-35.
    • (1988) Political Science Quarterly , vol.103 , pp. 613-635
    • Sundquist, J.1
  • 438
    • 84924524463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Top Talk Radio Audiences by Size
    • Fall
    • Talkers. 2003. "Top Talk Radio Audiences by Size." Talkers Magazine. Fall.
    • (2003) Talkers Magazine
    • Talkers1
  • 439
    • 84924524462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Senate of Singular Personalities and Possibilities
    • 27 January
    • Taylor, Andrew. 2001a. "A Senate of Singular Personalities and Possibilities." CQ Weekly Report, 27 January: 212.
    • (2001) CQ Weekly Report , pp. 212
    • Taylor, A.1
  • 440
    • 84924524461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GOP Members Grapple with Roles as Bush Team Players
    • 3 February
    • Taylor, Andrew. 2001b. "GOP Members Grapple with Roles as Bush Team Players." CQ Weekly Report, 3 February: 269.
    • (2001) CQ Weekly Report , pp. 269
    • Taylor, A.1
  • 442
    • 84924524460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Big Dem Cash Dump on Eve of Climate Vote
    • 17 July
    • Thrush, Glenn. 2009. "Big Dem Cash Dump on Eve of Climate Vote." Politico. com, 17 July. www. politico. com/blogs/glennthrush/0709/Big Dem cash dump on eve of climate vote. html?showall.
    • (2009) Politico. com
    • Thrush, G.1
  • 443
    • 84928219575 scopus 로고
    • Covering Congress
    • Tidmarch, Charles M., and John J. Pitney, Jr. 1985. "Covering Congress." Polity 17: 463-83.
    • (1985) Polity , vol.17 , pp. 463-483
    • Tidmarch, C.M.1    Pitney, J.J.2
  • 445
    • 84924524459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obama Rallies the Troops and Money with DeMint's 'Waterloo.'
    • 21 July
    • Tobianski, Sarah. 2009. "Obama Rallies the Troops and Money with DeMint's 'Waterloo.'" ABC News: Political Punch, 21 July. www. blogs. abcnews. com/politicalpunch/2009/07/obama-rallies-the-troops-and-money-with-demintswaterloo-. html.
    • (2009) ABC News: Political Punch
    • Tobianski, S.1
  • 446
    • 84924524458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Put Re-Election Before Dole, Gingrich Advises
    • 4 October
    • Toner, Robin. 1996. "Put Re-Election Before Dole, Gingrich Advises." The New York Times, 4 October.
    • (1996) The New York Times
    • Toner, R.1
  • 447
    • 84924524457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In the Partisan Power Struggle, a New Underdog Tries New Tricks
    • 11 April
    • Toner, Robin, and Carl Hulse. 2005. "In the Partisan Power Struggle, a New Underdog Tries New Tricks." The New York Times, 11 April.
    • (2005) The New York Times
    • Toner, R.1    Hulse, C.2
  • 449
    • 84971725020 scopus 로고
    • Determinants of the Outcomes of Midterm Congressional Elections
    • Tufte, Edward R. 1975. "Determinants of the Outcomes of Midterm Congressional Elections." American Political Science Review 69: 812-26.
    • (1975) American Political Science Review , vol.69 , pp. 812-826
    • Tufte, E.R.1
  • 450
    • 84924524456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dems Target Right-Wing Talk Radio
    • 13 February
    • Uliano, Dick. 2009. "Dems Target Right-Wing Talk Radio." CNN: Political Ticker, 13 February. www. politicalticker. blogs. cnn. com/2009/02/13/dems target right wing talk radio.
    • (2009) CNN: Political Ticker
    • Uliano, D.1
  • 451
    • 84924524455 scopus 로고
    • Our Perspective: Newtspeak; Will Voters Swallow Reagan Redux?
    • 28 September
    • Unsigned Commentary. 1994. "Our Perspective: Newtspeak; Will Voters Swallow Reagan Redux?" Minneapolis Star Tribune, 28 September.
    • (1994) Minneapolis Star Tribune
    • Commentary, U.1
  • 452
    • 84924524454 scopus 로고
    • The G. O. P's Deceptive Contract
    • 28 September
    • Unsigned Editorial. 1994. "The G. O. P's Deceptive Contract." The New York Times, 28 September.
    • (1994) The New York Times
    • Editorial, U.1
  • 453
    • 84924524453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond Burgers
    • 1 November
    • Upbin, Bruce. 1999. "Beyond Burgers." Forbes Magazine, 1 November.
    • (1999) Forbes Magazine
    • Upbin, B.1
  • 454
    • 68649116662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obama's Wide Web: From YouTube to Text Messaging, Candidate's Team Connects to Voters
    • 20 August
    • Vargas, Jose Antonio. 2008. "Obama's Wide Web: From YouTube to Text Messaging, Candidate's Team Connects to Voters." The Washington Post, 20 August: C01.
    • (2008) The Washington Post
    • Vargas, J.A.1
  • 455
    • 84924524452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • White House Admits Social Security 'Fix' Means Borrowing
    • 7 December
    • Vieth, Warren, and Janet Hook. 2004. "White House Admits Social Security 'Fix' Means Borrowing." Los Angeles Times, 7 December.
    • (2004) Los Angeles Times
    • Vieth, W.1    Hook, J.2
  • 457
    • 84924524450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Senate Republicans Halt Debate on Bill for a Kennedy Fill-in
    • 19 September
    • Viser, Matt, and Andrew Ryan. 2009. "Senate Republicans Halt Debate on Bill for a Kennedy Fill-in." The Boston Globe, 19 September. www. boston. com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2009/09/19/senate republicans halt debate on bill for kennedy fill in.
    • (2009) The Boston Globe
    • Viser, M.1    Ryan, A.2
  • 458
    • 84921691787 scopus 로고
    • Cheap Speech and What It Will Do
    • May, Accessed: March 10, 2002
    • Volokh, Eugene. 1995. "Cheap Speech and What It Will Do." The Yale Law Journal, May. www. adager. com/VeSoft/CheapSpeech. html. Accessed: March 10, 2002.
    • (1995) The Yale Law Journal
    • Volokh, E.1
  • 460
    • 67650025227 scopus 로고
    • Accessed: January 9, 2009
    • Washington, George. 1796. "Farewell Address." www. avalon. law. yale. edu/18th century/washing. asp. Accessed: January 9, 2009.
    • (1796) Farewell Address
    • Washington, G.1
  • 462
    • 84924524447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who Is Barack Obama?
    • 2 August
    • Washington Times. 2004. "Who Is Barack Obama?" 2 August.
    • (2004) Washington Times
  • 464
    • 84973691204 scopus 로고
    • News Magazine Visibility of Senators
    • Weaver, David H., and G. Cleveland Wilhoit. 1974. "News Magazine Visibility of Senators." Journalism Quarterly 51: 67-72.
    • (1974) Journalism Quarterly , vol.51 , pp. 67-72
    • Weaver, D.H.1    Wilhoit, G.C.2
  • 466
    • 84924524446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Rx for Health Plan: Split Bill
    • 20 August. online
    • Weisman, Jonathan, and Naftali Bendavid. 2009. "New Rx for Health Plan: Split Bill." Wall Street Journal, 20 August. online. wsj. com/article/SB125072573848144647. html.
    • (2009) Wall Street Journal
    • Weisman, J.1    Bendavid, N.2
  • 467
    • 84924524445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GOP Is Divided on Social Security Push
    • 7 January
    • Weisman, Jonathan, and Jim VandeHei. 2005. "GOP Is Divided on Social Security Push." Washington Post, 7 January.
    • (2005) Washington Post
    • Weisman, J.1    VandeHei, J.2
  • 470
    • 84964189064 scopus 로고
    • A Conceptual Model for Communications Research
    • Westley, Bruce, and Malcolm MacLean. 1957. "A Conceptual Model for Communications Research." Journalism Quarterly 34: 31-8.
    • (1957) Journalism Quarterly , vol.34 , pp. 31-38
    • Westley, B.1    McLean, M.2
  • 472
    • 0001098323 scopus 로고
    • The Gatekeeper: A Case Study in Selection of News
    • White, David. 1950. "The Gatekeeper: A Case Study in Selection of News." Journalism Quarterly 27: 383-90.
    • (1950) Journalism Quarterly , vol.27 , pp. 383-390
    • White, D.1
  • 473
    • 34347348402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In the Spirit of Their Times: 'Toward a More Responsible Two-Party System' and Party Politics
    • eds. John C. Green and Paul Herrnson. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas
    • White, John Kenneth, and Jerome Mileur. 2002. "In the Spirit of Their Times: 'Toward a More Responsible Two-Party System' and Party Politics." In Responsible Partisanship? The Evolution of American Political Parties Since 1950, eds. John C. Green and Paul Herrnson. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.
    • (2002) Responsible Partisanship? The Evolution of American Political Parties Since 1950
    • White, J.K.1    Mileur, J.2
  • 476
    • 84924492360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mr. Cleveland's Cabinet
    • Wilson, Woodrow. "Mr. Cleveland's Cabinet." In Public Papers, I: 221-2.
    • Public Papers , vol.1 , pp. 221-222
    • Wilson, W.1
  • 479
    • 84924524443 scopus 로고
    • 3rd ed. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press
    • Wormser, Michael D. 1982. Guide to Congress, 3rd ed. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.
    • (1982) Guide to Congress
    • Wormser, M.D.1
  • 480
    • 84924524442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GOP Thinks the Unthinkable: Victory in 2010
    • 14 August
    • York, Byron. 2009. "GOP Thinks the Unthinkable: Victory in 2010." Washington Examiner, 14 August. www. washingtonexaminer. com/politics/GOPthinks-the-unthinkable-Victory-in-2010-8103193-53174842. html.
    • (2009) Washington Examiner
    • York, B.1
  • 482
    • 0040152962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Model of Communication Effects at the Outbreak of the Gulf War
    • eds. Shanto Iyengar and Richard Reeves. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc
    • Zaller, John. 1997. "A Model of Communication Effects at the Outbreak of the Gulf War." In Do the Media Govern?: Politicians, Voters, and Reporters in America, eds. Shanto Iyengar and Richard Reeves. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
    • (1997) Do the Media Govern?: Politicians, Voters, and Reporters in America
    • Zaller, J.1
  • 484
    • 80052446252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Government's Little Helper: U. S. Press Coverage of Foreign Policy Crises, 1946-1999
    • eds. Brigitte L. Nacos, Robert Y. Shapiro, and Pierangelo Isernia. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc
    • Zaller, John, and Dennis Chiu. 2000. "Government's Little Helper: U. S. Press Coverage of Foreign Policy Crises, 1946-1999". In Decision Making in a Glass House, eds. Brigitte L. Nacos, Robert Y. Shapiro, and Pierangelo Isernia. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
    • (2000) Decision Making in a Glass House
    • Zaller, J.1    Chiu, D.2
  • 485
    • 84883940169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health Debate Fails to Ignite Obama's Grass Roots
    • 14 August
    • Zeleny, Jeff. 2009. "Health Debate Fails to Ignite Obama's Grass Roots." The New York Times, 14 August. www. nytimes. com/2009/08/15/health/policy/15ground. html?src=sch.
    • (2009) The New York Times
    • Zeleny, J.1
  • 486
    • 84924524439 scopus 로고
    • GOP Musters for House Control; Party Promises Voters a Very Different Future
    • 28 September
    • Zuckman, Jill. 1994. "GOP Musters for House Control; Party Promises Voters a Very Different Future." The Boston Globe, 28 September.
    • (1994) The Boston Globe
    • Zuckman, J.1
  • 487
    • 84924524438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Captains of TV Weigh the Future of the Anchor: Personnel Changes Could Open Door to Newscasts Driven by Ideology
    • 28 November
    • Zurawik, David. 2004. "Captains of TV Weigh the Future of the Anchor: Personnel Changes Could Open Door to Newscasts Driven by Ideology." Baltimore Sun, 28 November.
    • (2004) Baltimore Sun
    • Zurawik, D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.