메뉴 건너뛰기
Eurosurveillance
Volumn 19, Issue 45, 2014, Pages 1-12
Whole genome sequencing reveals potential spread of Clostridium difficile between humans and farm animals in the Netherlands, 2002 to 2011
Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]
Indexed keywords

STREPTOMYCIN; TETRACYCLINE;
EID: 84922909621     PISSN: 1025496X     EISSN: 15607917     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2014.19.45.20954     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (179)
References (65)
  • 1
    • 0028044948 scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile colitis
    • PMID:8043060
    • Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. Clostridium difficile colitis. N Engl J Med. 1994;330(4):257-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/ NEJM199401273300406 PMID:8043060
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.330 , Issue.4 , pp. 257-262
    • Kelly, C.P.1    Pothoulakis, C.2    LaMont, J.T.3
  • 2
    • 39749170731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical recognition and diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection
    • (s1) PMID:18177217
    • Bartlett JG, Gerding DN. Clinical recognition and diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46(s1) Suppl 1;S12-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/521863 PMID:18177217
    • (2008) Clin Infect Dis , vol.46 , pp. S12-S18
    • Bartlett, J.G.1    Gerding, D.N.2
  • 3
    • 29144473282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of gastric acid-suppressive agents and the risk of communityacquired Clostridium difficile-associated disease
    • PMID:16414946
    • Dial S, Delaney JA, Barkun AN, Suissa S. Use of gastric acid-suppressive agents and the risk of communityacquired Clostridium difficile-associated disease. JAMA. 2005;294(23):2989-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/ jama.294.23.2989 PMID:16414946
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.294 , Issue.23 , pp. 2989-2995
    • Dial, S.1    Delaney, J.A.2    Barkun, A.N.3    Suissa, S.4
  • 4
    • 33749338125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proton pump inhibitor use and risk of community-acquired Clostridium difficile-associated disease defined by prescription for oral vancomycin therapy
    • PMID:17001054
    • Dial S, Delaney JA, Schneider V, Suissa S. Proton pump inhibitor use and risk of community-acquired Clostridium difficile-associated disease defined by prescription for oral vancomycin therapy. CMAJ. 2006;175(7):745-8. http://dx.doi. org/10.1503/cmaj.060284 PMID:17001054
    • (2006) CMAJ , vol.175 , Issue.7 , pp. 745-748
    • Dial, S.1    Delaney, J.A.2    Schneider, V.3    Suissa, S.4
  • 5
    • 47249133004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A casecontrol study of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection
    • PMID:18434341
    • Wilcox MH, Mooney L, Bendall R, Settle CD, Fawley WN. A casecontrol study of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2008;62(2):388-96. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkn163 PMID:18434341
    • (2008) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.62 , Issue.2 , pp. 388-396
    • Wilcox, M.H.1    Mooney, L.2    Bendall, R.3    Settle, C.D.4    Fawley, W.N.5
  • 6
    • 84855422347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection: A population-based study
    • PMID:22108454
    • Khanna S, Pardi DS, Aronson SL, Kammer PP, Orenstein R, St Sauver JL, et al. The epidemiology of community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection: a population-based study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2012;107(1):89-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ ajg.2011.398 PMID:22108454
    • (2012) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.107 , Issue.1 , pp. 89-95
    • Khanna, S.1    Pardi, D.S.2    Aronson, S.L.3    Kammer, P.P.4    Orenstein, R.5    St. Sauver, J.L.6
  • 7
    • 84880691277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection, 2009 through 2011
    • PMID:23780507
    • Chitnis AS, Holzbauer SM, Belflower RM, Winston LG, Bamberg WM, Lyons C, et al. Epidemiology of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection, 2009 through 2011. JAMA Intern Med. 2013;173(14):1359-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/ jamainternmed.2013.7056 PMID:23780507
    • (2013) JAMA Intern Med , vol.173 , Issue.14 , pp. 1359-1367
    • Chitnis, A.S.1    Holzbauer, S.M.2    Belflower, R.M.3    Winston, L.G.4    Bamberg, W.M.5    Lyons, C.6
  • 8
    • 84887006792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible association between obesity and Clostridium difficile infection
    • PMID:24188730
    • Leung J, Burke B, Ford D, Garvin G, Korn C, Sulis C, et al. Possible association between obesity and Clostridium difficile infection. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(11):1791-8. PMID:24188730
    • (2013) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.19 , Issue.11 , pp. 1791-1798
    • Leung, J.1    Burke, B.2    Ford, D.3    Garvin, G.4    Korn, C.5    Sulis, C.6
  • 9
    • 17444366186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile toxins: Mechanism of action and role in disease
    • PMID:15831824
    • Voth DE, Ballard JD. Clostridium difficile toxins: mechanism of action and role in disease. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2005;18(2):247-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.18.2.247-263.2005 PMID:15831824
    • (2005) Clin Microbiol Rev , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 247-263
    • Voth, D.E.1    Ballard, J.D.2
  • 10
    • 67349114409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxin B is essential for virulence of Clostridium difficile
    • PMID:19252482
    • Lyras D, O'Connor JR, Howarth PM, Sambol SP, Carter GP, Phumoonna T, et al. Toxin B is essential for virulence of Clostridium difficile. Nature. 2009;458(7242):1176-9. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07822 PMID:19252482
    • (2009) Nature , vol.458 , Issue.7242 , pp. 1176-1179
    • Lyras, D.1    O'Connor, J.R.2    Howarth, P.M.3    Sambol, S.P.4    Carter, G.P.5    Phumoonna, T.6
  • 11
    • 77957988127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of toxin A and toxin B in Clostridium difficile infection
    • PMID:20844489
    • Kuehne SA, Cartman ST, Heap JT, Kelly ML, Cockayne A, Minton NP. The role of toxin A and toxin B in Clostridium difficile infection. Nature. 2010;467(7316):711-3. http://dx.doi. org/10.1038/nature09397 PMID:20844489
    • (2010) Nature , vol.467 , Issue.7316 , pp. 711-713
    • Kuehne, S.A.1    Cartman, S.T.2    Heap, J.T.3    Kelly, M.L.4    Cockayne, A.5    Minton, N.P.6
  • 12
    • 73449097193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile toxin CDT induces formation of microtubule-based protrusions and increases adherence of bacteria
    • PMID:19834554
    • Schwan C, Stecher B, Tzivelekidis T, van Ham M, Rohde M, Hardt WD, et al. Clostridium difficile toxin CDT induces formation of microtubule-based protrusions and increases adherence of bacteria. PLoS Pathog. 2009;5(10):e1000626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000626 PMID:19834554
    • (2009) PLoS Pathog , vol.5 , Issue.10
    • Schwan, C.1    Stecher, B.2    Tzivelekidis, T.3    van Ham, M.4    Rohde, M.5    Hardt, W.D.6
  • 13
    • 84882604864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile infection caused by binary toxin-positive strains
    • PMID:23977836
    • Hensgens MP, Kuijper EJ. Clostridium difficile infection caused by binary toxin-positive strains. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(9):1539-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1909.110814 PMID:23977836
    • (2013) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.19 , Issue.9 , pp. 1539-1540
    • Hensgens, M.P.1    Kuijper, E.J.2
  • 14
    • 84877296419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does infection with specific Clostridium difficile strains or clades influence clinical outcome?
    • PMID:23463642
    • Gerding DN, Johnson S. Does infection with specific Clostridium difficile strains or clades influence clinical outcome? Clin Infect Dis. 2013;56(11):1601-3. http://dx.doi. org/10.1093/cid/cit133 PMID:23463642
    • (2013) Clin Infect Dis , vol.56 , Issue.11 , pp. 1601-1603
    • Gerding, D.N.1    Johnson, S.2
  • 15
    • 79957640579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Binary toxin and death after Clostridium difficile infection
    • PMID:21749757
    • Bacci S, Molbak K, Kjeldsen MK, Olsen KE. Binary toxin and death after Clostridium difficile infection. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011;17(6):976-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid/1706.101483 PMID:21749757
    • (2011) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 976-982
    • Bacci, S.1    Molbak, K.2    Kjeldsen, M.K.3    Olsen, K.E.4
  • 16
    • 84870192206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile ribotype does not predict severe infection
    • PMID:22972866
    • Walk ST, Micic D, Jain R, Lo ES, Trivedi I, Liu EW, et al. Clostridium difficile ribotype does not predict severe infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;55(12):1661-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ cid/cis786 PMID:22972866
    • (2012) Clin Infect Dis , vol.55 , Issue.12 , pp. 1661-1668
    • Walk, S.T.1    Micic, D.2    Jain, R.3    Lo, E.S.4    Trivedi, I.5    Liu, E.W.6
  • 17
    • 67649391053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile infection: New developments in epidemiology and pathogenesis
    • PMID:19528959
    • Rupnik M, Wilcox MH, Gerding DN. Clostridium difficile infection: new developments in epidemiology and pathogenesis. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2009;7(7):526-36. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2164 PMID:19528959
    • (2009) Nat Rev Microbiol , vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp. 526-536
    • Rupnik, M.1    Wilcox, M.H.2    Gerding, D.N.3
  • 18
    • 84866675037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection following the introduction of a national ribotypingbased surveillance scheme in England
    • PMID:22784871
    • Wilcox MH, Shetty N, Fawley WN, Shemko M, Coen P, Birtles A, et al. Changing epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection following the introduction of a national ribotypingbased surveillance scheme in England. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;55(8):1056-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/cis614 PMID:22784871
    • (2012) Clin Infect Dis , vol.55 , Issue.8 , pp. 1056-1063
    • Wilcox, M.H.1    Shetty, N.2    Fawley, W.N.3    Shemko, M.4    Coen, P.5    Birtles, A.6
  • 19
    • 77955147810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of an intervention to control Clostridium difficile infection on hospital- and community-onset disease; an interrupted time series analysis
    • PMID:19832710
    • Price J, Cheek E, Lippett S, Cubbon M, Gerding DN, Sambol SP, et al. Impact of an intervention to control Clostridium difficile infection on hospital- and community-onset disease; an interrupted time series analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2010;16(8):1297-302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469- 0691.2009.03077.x PMID:19832710
    • (2010) Clin Microbiol Infect , vol.16 , Issue.8 , pp. 1297-1302
    • Price, J.1    Cheek, E.2    Lippett, S.3    Cubbon, M.4    Gerding, D.N.5    Sambol, S.P.6
  • 20
    • 84903950312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and risk factors for asymptomatic Clostridium difficile carriage
    • PMID:24755858
    • Alasmari F, Seiler SM, Hink T, Burnham CA, Dubberke ER. Prevalence and risk factors for asymptomatic Clostridium difficile carriage. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;59(2):216-22. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu258 PMID:24755858
    • (2014) Clin Infect Dis , vol.59 , Issue.2 , pp. 216-222
    • Alasmari, F.1    Seiler, S.M.2    Hink, T.3    Burnham, C.A.4    Dubberke, E.R.5
  • 21
    • 84892566288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymptomatic Clostridium difficile colonisation and onward transmission
    • PMID:24265690
    • Eyre DW, Griffiths D, Vaughan A, Golubchik T, Acharya M, O'Connor L, et al. Asymptomatic Clostridium difficile colonisation and onward transmission. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(11):e78445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0078445 PMID:24265690
    • (2013) PLoS ONE , vol.8 , Issue.11
    • Eyre, D.W.1    Griffiths, D.2    Vaughan, A.3    Golubchik, T.4    Acharya, M.5    O'Connor, L.6
  • 22
    • 84884210610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymptomatic carriage of toxigenic Clostridium difficile by hospitalized patients
    • PMID:23954113
    • Guerrero DM, Becker JC, Eckstein EC, Kundrapu S, Deshpande A, Sethi AK, et al. Asymptomatic carriage of toxigenic Clostridium difficile by hospitalized patients. J Hosp Infect. 2013;85(2):155-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2013.07.002 PMID:23954113
    • (2013) J Hosp Infect , vol.85 , Issue.2 , pp. 155-158
    • Guerrero, D.M.1    Becker, J.C.2    Eckstein, E.C.3    Kundrapu, S.4    Deshpande, A.5    Sethi, A.K.6
  • 23
    • 84903790034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and duration of asymptomatic Clostridium difficile carriage among healthy subjects in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
    • PMID:24759727
    • Galdys AL, Nelson JS, Shutt KA, Schlackman JL, Pakstis DL, Pasculle AW, et al. Prevalence and duration of asymptomatic Clostridium difficile carriage among healthy subjects in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. J Clin Microbiol. 2014;52(7):2406-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00222-14 PMID:24759727
    • (2014) J Clin Microbiol , vol.52 , Issue.7 , pp. 2406-2409
    • Galdys, A.L.1    Nelson, J.S.2    Shutt, K.A.3    Schlackman, J.L.4    Pakstis, D.L.5    Pasculle, A.W.6
  • 24
    • 84884510020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diverse sources of C. difficile infection identified on whole-genome sequencing
    • PMID:24066741
    • Eyre DW, Cule ML, Wilson DJ, Griffiths D, Vaughan A, O'Connor L, et al. Diverse sources of C. difficile infection identified on whole-genome sequencing. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(13):1195-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1216064 PMID:24066741
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.369 , Issue.13 , pp. 1195-1205
    • Eyre, D.W.1    Cule, M.L.2    Wilson, D.J.3    Griffiths, D.4    Vaughan, A.5    O'Connor, L.6
  • 25
    • 78650825355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ECDIS Study Group. Clostridium difficile infection in Europe: A hospital-based survey
    • PMID:21084111
    • Bauer MP, Notermans DW, van Benthem BH, Brazier JS, Wilcox MH, Rupnik M, et al.; ECDIS Study Group. Clostridium difficile infection in Europe: a hospital-based survey. Lancet. 2011;377(9759):63-73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140- 6736(10)61266-4 PMID:21084111
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.377 , Issue.9759 , pp. 63-73
    • Bauer, M.P.1    Notermans, D.W.2    van Benthem, B.H.3    Brazier, J.S.4    Wilcox, M.H.5    Rupnik, M.6
  • 26
    • 53449091796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergence of Clostridium difficile infection due to a new hypervirulent strain, polymerase chain reaction ribotype 078
    • PMID:18808358
    • Goorhuis A, Bakker D, Corver J, Debast SB, Harmanus C, Notermans DW, et al. Emergence of Clostridium difficile infection due to a new hypervirulent strain, polymerase chain reaction ribotype 078. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;47(9):1162-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/592257 PMID:18808358
    • (2008) Clin Infect Dis , vol.47 , Issue.9 , pp. 1162-1170
    • Goorhuis, A.1    Bakker, D.2    Corver, J.3    Debast, S.B.4    Harmanus, C.5    Notermans, D.W.6
  • 27
    • 58549107018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078 toxinotype V found in diarrhoeal pigs identical to isolates from affected humans
    • PMID:19196280
    • Debast SB, van Leengoed LA, Goorhuis A, Harmanus C, Kuijper EJ, Bergwerff AA. Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078 toxinotype V found in diarrhoeal pigs identical to isolates from affected humans. Environ Microbiol. 2009;11(2):505-11. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01790.x PMID:19196280
    • (2009) Environ Microbiol , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 505-511
    • Debast, S.B.1    van Leengoed, L.A.2    Goorhuis, A.3    Harmanus, C.4    Kuijper, E.J.5    Bergwerff, A.A.6
  • 28
    • 84876777286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel molecular type of Clostridium difficile in neonatal pigs, Western Australia
    • PMID:23697508
    • Squire MM, Carter GP, Mackin KE, Chakravorty A, Noren T, Elliott B, et al. Novel molecular type of Clostridium difficile in neonatal pigs, Western Australia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(5):790-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1905.121062 PMID:23697508
    • (2013) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 790-792
    • Squire, M.M.1    Carter, G.P.2    McKin, K.E.3    Chakravorty, A.4    Noren, T.5    Elliott, B.6
  • 29
    • 84881554981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of the epidemic Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078 in Iberian free-range pigs
    • PMID:23876331
    • Alvarez-Perez S, Blanco JL, Pelaez T, Astorga RJ, Harmanus C, Kuijper E, et al. High prevalence of the epidemic Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078 in Iberian free-range pigs. Res Vet Sci. 2013;95(2):358-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. rvsc.2013.06.021 PMID:23876331
    • (2013) Res Vet Sci , vol.95 , Issue.2 , pp. 358-361
    • Alvarez-Perez, S.1    Blanco, J.L.2    Pelaez, T.3    Astorga, R.J.4    Harmanus, C.5    Kuijper, E.6
  • 30
    • 84886525730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile genotypes in piglet populations in Germany
    • PMID:24025903
    • Schneeberg A, Neubauer H, Schmoock G, Baier S, Harlizius J, Nienhoff H, et al. Clostridium difficile genotypes in piglet populations in Germany. J Clin Microbiol. 2013;51(11):3796-803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01440-13 PMID:24025903
    • (2013) J Clin Microbiol , vol.51 , Issue.11 , pp. 3796-3803
    • Schneeberg, A.1    Neubauer, H.2    Schmoock, G.3    Baier, S.4    Harlizius, J.5    Nienhoff, H.6
  • 31
    • 84880290882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype clusters related to 033, 078 and 045 in diarrhoeic calves in Germany
    • PMID:23639987
    • Schneeberg A, Neubauer H, Schmoock G, Grossmann E, Seyboldt C. Presence of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype clusters related to 033, 078 and 045 in diarrhoeic calves in Germany. J Med Microbiol. 2013;62(Pt 8):1190-8. http://dx.doi. org/10.1099/jmm.0.056473-0 PMID:23639987
    • (2013) J Med Microbiol , vol.62 , pp. 1190-1198
    • Schneeberg, A.1    Neubauer, H.2    Schmoock, G.3    Grossmann, E.4    Seyboldt, C.5
  • 32
    • 34250660545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of PCR ribotypes among Clostridium difficile isolates from pigs, calves, and other species
    • PMID:17428945
    • Keel K, Brazier JS, Post KW, Weese S, Songer JG. Prevalence of PCR ribotypes among Clostridium difficile isolates from pigs, calves, and other species. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45(6):1963-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00224-07 PMID:17428945
    • (2007) J Clin Microbiol , vol.45 , Issue.6 , pp. 1963-1964
    • Keel, K.1    Brazier, J.S.2    Post, K.W.3    Weese, S.4    Songer, J.G.5
  • 33
    • 84862605837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Study Group for Clostridium difficile (ESGCD). Clostridium difficile infection in the community: A zoonotic disease?
    • PMID:22536816
    • Hensgens MP, Keessen EC, Squire MM, Riley TV, Koene MG, de Boer E, et al.; European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Study Group for Clostridium difficile (ESGCD). Clostridium difficile infection in the community: a zoonotic disease? Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012;18(7):635-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03853.x PMID:22536816
    • (2012) Clin Microbiol Infect , vol.18 , Issue.7 , pp. 635-645
    • Hensgens, M.P.1    Keessen, E.C.2    Squire, M.M.3    Riley, T.V.4    Koene, M.G.5    de Boer, E.6
  • 34
    • 84877974423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile infection associated with pig farms
    • PMID:23735347
    • Keessen EC, Harmanus C, Dohmen W, Kuijper EJ, Lipman LJ. Clostridium difficile infection associated with pig farms. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(6):1032-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/ eid1906.121645 PMID:23735347
    • (2013) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.19 , Issue.6 , pp. 1032-1034
    • Keessen, E.C.1    Harmanus, C.2    Dohmen, W.3    Kuijper, E.J.4    Lipman, L.J.5
  • 35
    • 77957823336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relatedness of human and animal Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078 isolates determined on the basis of multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis and tetracycline resistance
    • PMID: 20686080 PMID:20686080
    • Bakker D, Corver J, Harmanus C, Goorhuis A, Keessen EC, Fawley WN, et al. Relatedness of human and animal Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078 isolates determined on the basis of multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis and tetracycline resistance. J Clin Microbiol. 2010;48(10):3744-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01171-10PMID: 20686080 PMID:20686080
    • (2010) J Clin Microbiol , vol.48 , Issue.10 , pp. 3744-3749
    • Bakker, D.1    Corver, J.2    Harmanus, C.3    Goorhuis, A.4    Keessen, E.C.5    Fawley, W.N.6
  • 36
    • 84864066855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile in Dutch animals: Their presence, characteristics and similarities with human isolates
    • PMID:21919997
    • Koene MG, Mevius D, Wagenaar JA, Harmanus C, Hensgens MP, Meetsma AM, et al. Clostridium difficile in Dutch animals: their presence, characteristics and similarities with human isolates. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012;18(8):778-84. http://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03651.x PMID:21919997
    • (2012) Clin Microbiol Infect , vol.18 , Issue.8 , pp. 778-784
    • Koene, M.G.1    Mevius, D.2    Wagenaar, J.A.3    Harmanus, C.4    Hensgens, M.P.5    Meetsma, A.M.6
  • 37
    • 80053132801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile infection in humans and animals, differences and similarities
    • PMID:21530110
    • Keessen EC, Gaastra W, Lipman LJ. Clostridium difficile infection in humans and animals, differences and similarities. Vet Microbiol. 2011;153(3-4):205-17. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.020 PMID:21530110
    • (2011) Vet Microbiol , vol.153 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 205-217
    • Keessen, E.C.1    Gaastra, W.2    Lipman, L.J.3
  • 38
    • 84892709254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile infection in humans and piglets: A 'One Health' opportunity
    • PMID:22695920 PMID: 22695920
    • Squire MM, Riley TV. Clostridium difficile infection in humans and piglets: a 'One Health' opportunity. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2013;365:299-314. http://dx.doi. org/10.1007/82_2012_237 PMID:22695920 PMID: 22695920
    • (2013) Curr Top Microbiol Immunol , vol.365 , pp. 299-314
    • Squire, M.M.1    Riley, T.V.2
  • 39
    • 84865086262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of an expanded Clostridium difficile reference strain collection reveals genetic diversity and evolution through six lineages
    • PMID:22705462
    • Knetsch CW, Terveer EM, Lauber C, Gorbalenya AE, Harmanus C, Kuijper EJ, et al. Comparative analysis of an expanded Clostridium difficile reference strain collection reveals genetic diversity and evolution through six lineages. Infect Genet Evol. 2012;12(7):1577-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. meegid.2012.06.003 PMID:22705462
    • (2012) Infect Genet Evol , vol.12 , Issue.7 , pp. 1577-1585
    • Knetsch, C.W.1    Terveer, E.M.2    Lauber, C.3    Gorbalenya, A.E.4    Harmanus, C.5    Kuijper, E.J.6
  • 40
    • 79251544864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid pneumococcal evolution in response to clinical interventions
    • PMID:21273480
    • Croucher NJ, Harris SR, Fraser C, Quail MA, Burton J, van der Linden M, et al. Rapid pneumococcal evolution in response to clinical interventions. Science. 2011;331(6016):430-4. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1198545 PMID:21273480
    • (2011) Science , vol.331 , Issue.6016 , pp. 430-434
    • Croucher, N.J.1    Harris, S.R.2    Fraser, C.3    Quail, M.A.4    Burton, J.5    van der Linden, M.6
  • 41
    • 75649084906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of MRSA during hospital transmission and intercontinental spread
    • PMID:20093474
    • Harris SR, Feil EJ, Holden MT, Quail MA, Nickerson EK, Chantratita N, et al. Evolution of MRSA during hospital transmission and intercontinental spread. Science. 2010;327(5964):469-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/ science.1182395 PMID:20093474
    • (2010) Science , vol.327 , Issue.5964 , pp. 469-474
    • Harris, S.R.1    Feil, E.J.2    Holden, M.T.3    Quail, M.A.4    Nickerson, E.K.5    Chantratita, N.6
  • 42
    • 77749255991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilocus sequence typing of Clostridium difficile
    • PMID:20042623
    • Griffiths D, Fawley W, Kachrimanidou M, Bowden R, Crook DW, Fung R, et al. Multilocus sequence typing of Clostridium difficile. J Clin Microbiol. 2010;48(3):770-8. http://dx.doi. org/10.1128/JCM.01796-09 PMID:20042623
    • (2010) J Clin Microbiol , vol.48 , Issue.3 , pp. 770-778
    • Griffiths, D.1    Fawley, W.2    Kachrimanidou, M.3    Bowden, R.4    Crook, D.W.5    Fung, R.6
  • 43
    • 74549125386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SeaView version 4: A multiplatform graphical user interface for sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree building
    • PMID:19854763
    • Gouy M, Guindon S, Gascuel O. SeaView version 4: A multiplatform graphical user interface for sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree building. Mol Biol Evol. 2010;27(2):221-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msp259 PMID:19854763
    • (2010) Mol Biol Evol , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 221-224
    • Gouy, M.1    Guindon, S.2    Gascuel, O.3
  • 44
    • 14644397888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RAxML-III: A fast program for maximum likelihood-based inference of large phylogenetic trees
    • PMID:15608047
    • Stamatakis A, Ludwig T, Meier H. RAxML-III: a fast program for maximum likelihood-based inference of large phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics. 2005;21(4):456-63. http://dx.doi. org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bti191 PMID:15608047
    • (2005) Bioinformatics , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 456-463
    • Stamatakis, A.1    Ludwig, T.2    Meier, H.3
  • 45
    • 38649110663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BEAST: Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees
    • PMID:17996036
    • Drummond AJ, Rambaut A. BEAST: Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees. BMC Evol Biol. 2007;7(1):214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-7-214 PMID:17996036
    • (2007) BMC Evol Biol , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 214
    • Drummond, A.J.1    Rambaut, A.2
  • 46
    • 43149115851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Velvet: Algorithms for de novo short read assembly using de Bruijn graphs
    • PMID:18349386
    • Zerbino DR, Birney E. Velvet: algorithms for de novo short read assembly using de Bruijn graphs. Genome Res. 2008;18(5):821-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.074492.107 PMID:18349386
    • (2008) Genome Res , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 821-829
    • Zerbino, D.R.1    Birney, E.2
  • 47
    • 67650735586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ABACAS: Algorithm-based automatic contiguation of assembled sequences
    • PMID:19497936
    • Assefa S, Keane TM, Otto TD, Newbold C, Berriman M. ABACAS: algorithm-based automatic contiguation of assembled sequences. Bioinformatics. 2009;25(15):1968-9. http://dx.doi. org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btp347 PMID:19497936
    • (2009) Bioinformatics , vol.25 , Issue.15 , pp. 1968-1969
    • Assefa, S.1    Keane, T.M.2    Otto, T.D.3    Newbold, C.4    Berriman, M.5
  • 51
    • 84863100346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of a Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078 100 kilobase island reveals the presence of a novel transposon, Tn6164
    • PMID:22747711
    • Corver J, Bakker D, Brouwer MS, Harmanus C, Hensgens MP, Roberts AP, et al. Analysis of a Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078 100 kilobase island reveals the presence of a novel transposon, Tn6164. BMC Microbiol. 2012;12(1):130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-12-130 PMID:22747711
    • (2012) BMC Microbiol , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 130
    • Corver, J.1    Bakker, D.2    Brouwer, M.S.3    Harmanus, C.4    Hensgens, M.P.5    Roberts, A.P.6
  • 52
    • 77952168929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary dynamics of Clostridium difficile over short and long time scales
    • PMID:20368420
    • He M, Sebaihia M, Lawley TD, Stabler RA, Dawson LF, Martin MJ, et al. Evolutionary dynamics of Clostridium difficile over short and long time scales. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2010;107(16):7527-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/ pnas.0914322107 PMID:20368420
    • (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.107 , Issue.16 , pp. 7527-7532
    • He, M.1    Sebaihia, M.2    Lawley, T.D.3    Stabler, R.A.4    Dawson, L.F.5    Martin, M.J.6
  • 53
    • 84871990888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergence and global spread of epidemic healthcareassociated Clostridium difficile
    • PMID:23222960 PMID: 23222960
    • He M, Miyajima F, Roberts P, Ellison L, Pickard DJ, Martin MJ, et al. Emergence and global spread of epidemic healthcareassociated Clostridium difficile. Nat Genet. 2013;45(1):109-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng.2478 PMID:23222960 PMID: 23222960
    • (2013) Nat Genet , vol.45 , Issue.1 , pp. 109-113
    • He, M.1    Miyajima, F.2    Roberts, P.3    Ellison, L.4    Pickard, D.J.5    Martin, M.J.6
  • 54
    • 84871366407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microevolutionary analysis of Clostridium difficile genomes to investigate transmission
    • PMID:23259504
    • Didelot X, Eyre DW, Cule M, Ip CL, Ansari MA, Griffiths D, et al. Microevolutionary analysis of Clostridium difficile genomes to investigate transmission. Genome Biol. 2012;13(12):R118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2012-13-12-r118 PMID:23259504
    • (2012) Genome Biol , vol.13 , Issue.12
    • Didelot, X.1    Eyre, D.W.2    Cule, M.3    Ip, C.L.4    Ansari, M.A.5    Griffiths, D.6
  • 55
    • 33748563622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergence of Clostridium difficile-associated disease in North America and Europe
    • (s6) PMID:16965399
    • Kuijper EJ, Coignard B, Tull P,ESCMID Study Group for Clostridium difficile, EU Member States, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Emergence of Clostridium difficile-associated disease in North America and Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2006;12(s6) Suppl 6;2-18. http://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2006.01580.x PMID:16965399
    • (2006) Clin Microbiol Infect , vol.12 , pp. 2-18
    • Kuijper, E.J.1    Coignard, B.2    Tull, P.3
  • 56
    • 80455173556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host and pathogen factors for Clostridium difficile infection and colonization
    • PMID:22047560
    • Loo VG, Bourgault AM, Poirier L, Lamothe F, Michaud S, Turgeon N, et al. Host and pathogen factors for Clostridium difficile infection and colonization. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(18):1693-703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/ NEJMoa1012413 PMID:22047560
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.365 , Issue.18 , pp. 1693-1703
    • Loo, V.G.1    Bourgault, A.M.2    Poirier, L.3    Lamothe, F.4    Michaud, S.5    Turgeon, N.6
  • 57
    • 84881564406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of human and piglet Clostridium difficile PCR-ribotype 078
    • PMID:23566553
    • Keessen EC, Hensgens MP, Spigaglia P, Barbanti F, Sanders IM, Kuijper EJ, et al. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of human and piglet Clostridium difficile PCR-ribotype 078. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2013;2(1):14. http://dx.doi. org/10.1186/2047-2994-2-14 PMID:23566553
    • (2013) Antimicrob Resist Infect Control , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 14
    • Keessen, E.C.1    Hensgens, M.P.2    Spigaglia, P.3    Barbanti, F.4    Sanders, I.M.5    Kuijper, E.J.6
  • 58
    • 84881561545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial susceptibility of animal and human isolates of Clostridium difficile by broth microdilution
    • PMID:23861298
    • Pirš T, Avberšek J, Zdovc I, Krt B, Andlovic A, Lejko-Zupanc T, et al. Antimicrobial susceptibility of animal and human isolates of Clostridium difficile by broth microdilution. J Med Microbiol. 2013;62(Pt 9):1478-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ jmm.0.058875-0 PMID:23861298
    • (2013) J Med Microbiol , vol.62 , pp. 1478-1485
    • Pirš, T.1    Avberšek, J.2    Zdovc, I.3    Krt, B.4    Andlovic, A.5    Lejko-Zupanc, T.6
  • 60
    • 0026347074 scopus 로고
    • Gastrointestinal carriage of Clostridium difficile in cats and dogs attending veterinary clinics
    • PMID:1752313
    • Riley TV, Adams JE, O'Neill GL, Bowman RA. Gastrointestinal carriage of Clostridium difficile in cats and dogs attending veterinary clinics. Epidemiol Infect. 1991;107(3):659-65. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0950268800049359 PMID:1752313
    • (1991) Epidemiol Infect , vol.107 , Issue.3 , pp. 659-665
    • Riley, T.V.1    Adams, J.E.2    O'Neill, G.L.3    Bowman, R.A.4
  • 61
    • 77954942781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of Clostridium difficile in dogs and the household environment
    • PMID:19951453
    • Weese JS, Finley R, Reid-Smith RR, Janecko N, Rousseau J. Evaluation of Clostridium difficile in dogs and the household environment. Epidemiol Infect. 2010;138(8):1100-4. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0950268809991312 PMID:19951453
    • (2010) Epidemiol Infect , vol.138 , Issue.8 , pp. 1100-1104
    • Weese, J.S.1    Finley, R.2    Reid-Smith, R.R.3    Janecko, N.4    Rousseau, J.5
  • 62
    • 84866983133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vermin on pig farms are vectors for Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes 078 and 045
    • PMID:22682200
    • Burt SA, Siemeling L, Kuijper EJ, Lipman LJ. Vermin on pig farms are vectors for Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes 078 and 045. Vet Microbiol. 2012;160(1-2):256-8. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.05.014 PMID:22682200
    • (2012) Vet Microbiol , vol.160 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 256-258
    • Burt, S.A.1    Siemeling, L.2    Kuijper, E.J.3    Lipman, L.J.4
  • 63
    • 84893672556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and molecular characterization of Clostridium difficile isolated from European Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica) during migration
    • PMID:24507706
    • Bandelj P, Trilar T, Blagus R, Ocepek M, Rousseau J, Weese JS, et al. Prevalence and molecular characterization of Clostridium difficile isolated from European Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica) during migration. BMC Vet Res. 2014;10(1):40. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-10-40 PMID:24507706
    • (2014) BMC Vet Res , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 40
    • Bandelj, P.1    Trilar, T.2    Blagus, R.3    Ocepek, M.4    Rousseau, J.5    Weese, J.S.6
  • 64
    • 84893351763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carriage of Clostridium difficile by wild urban Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) and black rats (Rattus rattus)
    • PMID:24317079
    • Himsworth CG, Patrick DM, Mak S, Jardine CM, Tang P, Weese JS. Carriage of Clostridium difficile by wild urban Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) and black rats (Rattus rattus). Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014;80(4):1299-305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ AEM.03609-13 PMID:24317079
    • (2014) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.80 , Issue.4 , pp. 1299-1305
    • Himsworth, C.G.1    Patrick, D.M.2    Mak, S.3    Jardine, C.M.4    Tang, P.5    Weese, J.S.6
  • 65
    • 2942594170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilocus sequence typing analysis of human and animal Clostridium difficile isolates of various toxigenic types
    • PMID:15184441
    • Lemee L, Dhalluin A, Pestel-Caron M, Lemeland JF, Pons JL. Multilocus sequence typing analysis of human and animal Clostridium difficile isolates of various toxigenic types. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42(6):2609-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ JCM.42.6.2609-2617.2004 PMID:15184441
    • (2004) J Clin Microbiol , vol.42 , Issue.6 , pp. 2609-2617
    • Lemee, L.1    Dhalluin, A.2    Pestel-Caron, M.3    Lemeland, J.F.4    Pons, J.L.5

* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.