Impact of the obesity epidemic on cancer

Annual Review of Medicine

Volumn 66, Issue , 2015, Pages 281-296

  Goodwin, Pamela J ^a   Stambolic, Vuk ^b  

^a MOUNT SINAI HOSPITAL   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

adipokines; inflammation; insulin; intervention

Indexed keywords

ADIPOCYTOKINE; ESTROGEN; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; JANUS KINASE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3 KINASE; CYTOKINE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; SOMATOMEDIN; STAT PROTEIN;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; ARTICLE; CANCER INCIDENCE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; NEOPLASM; OBESITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; EPIDEMIC; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; METABOLISM; NEOPLASMS;

ADIPOKINES; ADIPOSE TISSUE; BLOOD GLUCOSE; CYTOKINES; EPIDEMICS; ESTROGENS; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; INSULIN; JANUS KINASES; NEOPLASMS; OBESITY; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASES; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SOMATOMEDINS; STAT TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS;

EID: 84921324810     PISSN: 00664219     EISSN: 1545326X     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-051613-012328     Document Type: Article

References (101)

1. Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kit BK, et al. 2012. Prevalence of obesity and trends in the distribution of body mass index among US adults, 1999-2010. JAMA 307:491-97
2. Wang Y, Baker JL, Hill JO, et al. 2012. Controversies regarding reported trends: Has the obesity epidemic leveled off in the United States?. Adv. Nutr. 3:751-52
3. Lam DW, LeRoith D. 2012. The worldwide diabetes epidemic. Curr. Opin. Endocrinol. Diabetes Obes. 19:93-96
4. Expert Panel on Identif., Eval., Treat. Overweight in Adults. 1998. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: executive summary. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 68:899-917
5. Ramachandran A, Chamukuttan S, Shetty SA, et al. 2012. Obesity in Asia-Is it different from rest of the world?. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. 28(Suppl. 2):47-51
6. Expert Panel on Detect., Eval., Treat. High Blood Cholest. in Adults. 2001. Executive summary of the third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 285:2486-97
7. Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, et al. 2009. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation 120:1640-45
8. Tchernof A, Despres JP. 2013. Pathophysiology of human visceral obesity: an update. Physiol. Rev. 93:359-404
9. Gilbert CA, Slingerland JM. 2013. Cytokines, obesity, and cancer: new insights on mechanisms linking obesity to cancer risk and progression. Annu. Rev. Med. 64:45-57
10. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M, et al. 2008. Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-Analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet 371:569-78
11. Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, et al. 2003. Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults. N. Engl. J. Med. 348:1625-38
12. Chan DS, Vieira AR, Aune D, et al. 2014. Body mass index and survival in women with breast cancer-systematic literature review and meta-Analysis of 82 follow-up studies. Ann. Oncol. 25:1901-14
13. Protani M, Coory M, Martin JH. 2010. Effect of obesity on survival of women with breast cancer: systematic review and meta-Analysis. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 123:627-35
14. Niraula S, Ocana A, Ennis M, et al. 2012. Body size and breast cancer prognosis in relation to hormone receptor and menopausal status: a meta-Analysis. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 134:769-81
15. Arem H, Chlebowski R, Stefanick ML, et al. 2013. Body mass index, physical activity, and survival after endometrial cancer diagnosis: results from the Women's Health Initiative. Gynecol. Oncol. 128:181-86
16. Parekh N, Chandran U, Bandera EV. 2012. Obesity in cancer survival. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 32:311-42
17. Allott EH, Masko EM, Freedland SJ. 2013. Obesity and prostate cancer: weighing the evidence. Eur. Urol. 63:800-9
18. Am. Cancer Soc. 2014. Cancer Facts & Figures 2014. Atlanta, GA: Am. Cancer Soc.
19. Goodwin PJ, EnnisM, Pritchard KI, et al. 2002. Fasting insulin and outcome in early-stage breast cancer: results of a prospective cohort study. J. Clin. Oncol. 20:42-51
20. Goodwin PJ, Ennis M, Bahl M, et al. 2009. High insulin levels in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients reflect underlying insulin resistance and are associated with components of the insulin resistance syndrome. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 114:517-25
21. Goodwin PJ, Ennis M, Pritchard KI, et al. 2012. Insulin-And obesity-related variables in early-stage breast cancer: correlations and time course of prognostic associations. J. Clin. Oncol. 30:164-71
22. Pritchard KI, Shepherd LE, Chapman JA, et al. 2011. Randomized trial of tamoxifen versus combined tamoxifen and octreotide LAR therapy in the adjuvant treatment of early-stage breast cancer in postmenopausal women: NCIC CTG MA.14. J. Clin. Oncol. 29:3869-76
23. DugganC, IrwinML, Xiao L, et al. 2011. Associations of insulin resistance and adiponectinwithmortality in women with breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 29:32-39
24. Yun SJ, Min BD, Kang HW, et al. 2012. Elevated insulin and insulin resistance are associated with the advanced pathological stage of prostate cancer in Korean population. J. Korean Med. Sci. 27:1079-84
25. Wolpin BM, Meyerhardt JA, Chan AT, et al. 2009. Insulin, the insulin-like growth factor axis, and mortality in patients with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 27:176-85
26. Dankner R, ShanikMH, Keinan-Boker L, et al. 2012. Effect of elevated basal insulin on cancer incidence andmortality in cancer incident patients: the IsraelGOH29-year follow-up study. Diabetes Care 35:1538-43
27. Pisani P. 2008. Hyper-insulinaemia and cancer, meta-Analyses of epidemiological studies. Arch. Physiol. Biochem. 114:63-70
28. Autier P, Koechlin A, Boniol M, et al. 2013. Serum insulin and C-peptide concentration and breast cancer: a meta-Analysis. Cancer Causes Control 24:873-83
29. Frasca F, Pandini G, Scalia P, et al. 1999. Insulin receptor isoform A, a newly recognized, high-Affinity insulin-like growth factor II receptor in fetal and cancer cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19:3278-88
30. De Meyts P, Whittaker J. 2002. Structural biology of insulin and IGF1 receptors: implications for drug design. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 1:769-83
31. Mulligan AM, O'Malley FP, Ennis M, et al. 2007. Insulin receptor is an independent predictor of a favorable outcome in early stage breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 106:39-47
32. Law JH, Habibi G, Hu K, et al. 2008. Phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor-I/insulin receptor is present in all breast cancer subtypes and is related to poor survival. Cancer Res. 68:10238-46
33. Braun S, Bitton-Worms K, LeRoith D. 2011. The link between the metabolic syndrome and cancer. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 7:1003-15
34. Furstenberger G, Senn HJ. 2002. Insulin-like growth factors and cancer. Lancet Oncol. 3:298-302
35. Cohen DH, LeRoith D. 2012. Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cancer: the insulin and IGF connection. Endocr. Relat. Cancer 19:F27-F45
36. Yee D. 2012. Insulin-like growth factor receptor inhibitors: baby or the bathwater?. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 104:975-81
37. Warburg O. 1956. On respiratory impairment in cancer cells. Science 124:269-70
38. Vander Heiden MG, Cantley LC, Thompson CB. 2009. Understanding the Warburg effect: the metabolic requirements of cell proliferation. Science 324:1029-33
39. Seshasai SR, Kaptoge S, Thompson A, et al. 2011. Diabetes mellitus, fasting glucose, and risk of causespecific death. N. Engl. J. Med. 364:829-41
40. Hirakawa Y, Ninomiya T, Mukai N, et al. 2012. Association between glucose tolerance level and cancer death in a general Japanese population: the Hisayama Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 176:856-64
41. Muti P, Quattrin T, Grant BJ, et al. 2002. Fasting glucose is a risk factor for breast cancer: a prospective study. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev. 11:1361-68
42. Cust AE, KaaksR, Friedenreich C, et al. 2007. Metabolic syndrome, plasma lipid, lipoprotein and glucose levels, and endometrial cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer andNutrition (EPIC). Endocr. Relat. Cancer 14:755-67
43. Luo J, Chen YJ, Chang LJ. 2012. Fasting blood glucose level and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Lung Cancer 76:242-47
44. Vansaun MN. 2013. Molecular pathways: adiponectin and leptin signaling in cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 19:1926-32
45. Goodwin PJ, EnnisM, Fantus IG, et al. 2005. Is leptin amediator of adverse prognostic effects of obesity in breast cancer?. J. Clin. Oncol. 23:6037-42
46. Dallal CM, Brinton LA, Bauer DC, et al. 2013. Obesity-related hormones and endometrial cancer among postmenopausal women: a nested case-control study within the B~FIT cohort. Endocr. Relat. Cancer 20:151-60
47. Luhn P, Dallal CM, Weiss JM, et al. 2013. Circulating adipokine levels and endometrial cancer risk in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev. 22:1304-12
48. Gross AL, Newschaffer CJ, Hoffman-Bolton J, et al. 2013. Adipocytokines, inflammation, and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women: a prospective study. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev. 22:1319-24
49. Cnop M, Havel PJ, Utzschneider KM, et al. 2003. Relationship of adiponectin to body fat distribution, insulin sensitivity and plasma lipoproteins: evidence for independent roles of age and sex. Diabetologia 46:459-69
50. Barb D, Williams CJ, Neuwirth AK, et al. 2007. Adiponectin in relation to malignancies: a review of existing basic research and clinical evidence. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 86:s858-s866
51. Miyoshi Y, Funahashi T, Kihara S, et al. 2003. Association of serum adiponectin levels with breast cancer risk. Clin. Cancer Res. 9:5699-704
52. MantzorosC, Petridou E, Dessypris N, et al. 2004. Adiponectin and breast cancer risk. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89:1102-7
53. Dal Maso L, Augustin LS, Karalis A, et al. 2004. Circulating adiponectin and endometrial cancer risk. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89:1160-63
54. Cust AE, Kaaks R, Friedenreich C, et al. 2007. Plasma adiponectin levels and endometrial cancer risk in pre-And postmenopausal women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 92:255-63
55. Song M, ZhangX, WuK, et al. 2013. Plasma adiponectin and soluble leptin receptor and risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective study. Cancer Prev. Res. 6:875-85
56. Hofmann JN, Liao LM, Pollak MN, et al. 2012. A prospective study of circulating adipokine levels and risk of multiple myeloma. Blood 120:4418-20
57. Li H, Stampfer MJ, Mucci L, et al. 2010. A 25-year prospective study of plasma adiponectin and leptin concentrations and prostate cancer risk and survival. Clin. Chem. 56:34-43
58. Simpson ER, Mendelson CR. 1987. Effect of aging and obesity on aromatase activity of human adipose cells. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 45:290-95
59. Geisler J, Haynes B, Ekse D, et al. 2007. Total body aromatization in postmenopausal breast cancer patients is strongly correlated to plasma leptin levels. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 104:27-34
60. Cauley JA, Gutai JP, KullerLH, et al. 1989. The epidemiology of serum sex hormones in postmenopausal women. Am. J. Epidemiol. 129:1120-31
61. Eliassen AH, Hankinson SE. 2008. Endogenous hormone levels and risk of breast, endometrial and ovarian cancers: prospective studies. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 630:148-65
62. Eliassen AH, Missmer SA, Tworoger SS, et al. 2006. Endogenous steroid hormone concentrations and risk of breast cancer among premenopausal women. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 98:1406-15
63. Rock CL, Flatt SW, Laughlin GA, et al. 2008. Reproductive steroid hormones and recurrence-free survival in women with a history of breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev. 17:614-20
64. Goodwin PJ. 2013. Obesity and endocrine therapy: host factors and breast cancer outcome. Breast 22(Suppl. 2):S44-47
65. Lonning PE, Haynes BP, Dowsett M. 2014. Relationship of body mass index with aromatisation and plasma and tissue oestrogen levels in postmenopausal breast cancer patients treated with aromatase inhibitors. Eur. J. Cancer 50:1055-64
66. Pfeiler G, Konigsberg R, Hadji P, et al. 2013. Impact of body mass index on estradiol depletion by aromatase inhibitors in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer. Br. J. Cancer 109:1522-27
67. Ewertz M, Gray KP, Regan MM, et al. 2012. Obesity and risk of recurrence or death after adjuvant endocrine therapy with letrozole or tamoxifen in the breast international group 1-98 trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 30:3967-75
68. Sestak I, Distler W, Forbes JF, et al. 2010. Effect of body mass index on recurrences in tamoxifen and anastrozole treated women: an exploratory analysis from the ATAC trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 28:3411-15
69. Fagan DH, Yee D. 2008. Crosstalk between IGF1R and estrogen receptor signaling in breast cancer. J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia 13:423-29
70. Siiteri PK. 1978. Steroid hormones and endometrial cancer. Cancer Res. 38:4360-66
71. Kaaks R, Lukanova A, Kurzer MS. 2002. Obesity, endogenous hormones, and endometrial cancer risk: a synthetic review. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev. 11:1531-43
72. Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. 2011. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 144:646-74
73. NiemanKM, Romero IL, Van Houten B, et al. 2013. Adipose tissue and adipocytes support tumorigenesis and metastasis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1831:1533-41
74. Apovian CM, Bigornia S, MottM, et al. 2008. Adipose macrophage infiltration is associated with insulin resistance and vascular endothelial dysfunction in obese subjects. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 28:1654-59
75. Morris PG, Hudis CA, Giri D, et al. 2011. Inflammation and increased aromatase expression occur in the breast tissue of obese women with breast cancer. Cancer Prev. Res. 4:1021-29
76. Lashinger LM, Ford NA, Hursting SD. 2014. Interacting inflammatory and growth factor signals underlie the obesity-cancer link. J. Nutr. 144:109-13
77. Balkwill F, Mantovani A. 2001. Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow?. Lancet 357:539-45
78. Coussens LM, Werb Z. 2002. Inflammation and cancer. Nature 420:860-67
79. Louie SM, Roberts LS, Nomura DK. 2013. Mechanisms linking obesity and cancer. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1831:1499-508
80. Wu T, Gao X, Chen M, et al. 2009. Long-Term effectiveness of diet-plus-exercise interventions versus diet-only interventions for weight loss: a meta-Analysis. Obes. Rev. 10:313-23
81. Pi-Sunyer X, Blackburn G, Brancati FL, et al. 2007. Reduction in weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes: one-year results of the Look AHEAD trial. Diabetes Care 30:1374-83
82. Barte JC, Veldwijk J, Teixeira PJ, et al. 2014. Differences in weight loss across different BMI classes: a meta-Analysis of the effects of interventions with diet and exercise. Int. J. Behav. Med. 21:784-93
83. Wadden TA, Volger S, Sarwer DB, et al. 2011. A two-year randomized trial of obesity treatment in primary care practice. N. Engl. J. Med. 365:1969-79
84. Wieland LS, Falzon L, Sciamanna CN, et al. 2012. Interactive computer-based interventions for weight loss or weight maintenance in overweight or obese people. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 8:CD007675
85. Casazza K, Fontaine KR, Astrup A, et al. 2013. Myths, presumptions, and facts about obesity. N. Engl. J. Med. 368:446-54
86. Mason C, Foster-Schubert KE, Imayama I, et al. 2011. Dietary weight loss and exercise effects on insulin resistance in postmenopausal women. Am. J. Prev. Med. 41:366-75
87. Schauer PR, Bhatt DL, Kirwan JP, et al. 2014. Bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy for diabetes-3-year outcomes. N. Engl. J. Med. 370:2002-13
88. Rao RS, Yanagisawa R, Kini S. 2012. Insulin resistance and bariatric surgery. Obes. Rev. 13:316-28
89. Sjostrom L, Gummesson A, Sjostrom CD, et al. 2009. Effects of bariatric surgery on cancer incidence in obese patients in Sweden (Swedish Obese Subjects Study): a prospective, controlled intervention trial. Lancet Oncol. 10:653-62
90. Casagrande DS, Rosa DD, Umpierre D, et al. 2014. Incidence of cancer following bariatric surgery: systematic review and meta-Analysis. Obes. Surg. 24:1499-509
91. Reeves MM, Terranova CO, Eakin EG, et al. 2014. Weight loss intervention trials in women with breast cancer: a systematic review. Obes. Rev. 15:749-68
92. Goodwin PJ, Segal RJ, Vallis M, et al. 2014. Randomized trial of a telephone-based weight loss intervention in postmenopausal women with breast cancer receiving letrozole: the LISA Trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 32:2231-39
93. Rock CL, Byers TE, Colditz GA, et al. 2013. Reducing breast cancer recurrence with weight loss, a vanguard trial: the Exercise and Nutrition to Enhance Recovery and Good Health for You (ENERGY) trial. Contemp. Clin. Trials 34:282-95
94. Rack B, AndergassenU, Neugebauer J, et al. 2010. TheGerman SUCCESSCstudy-The first European lifestyle study on breast cancer. Breast Care 5:395-400
95. Villarini A, Pasanisi P, Traina A, et al. 2012. Lifestyle and breast cancer recurrences: the DIANA-5 trial. Tumori 98:1-18
96. Comm. on Eval. Prog. Obes. Prev. Efforts. 2013. Evaluating obesity prevention efforts: a plan for measuring progress. Rep. Inst. Med., Natl. Acad., Washington, DC
97. Sturm R, An R. 2014. Obesity and economic environments. CA Cancer J. Clin. 64:337-50
98. Woloshin S, Schwartz LM. 2014. The new weight-loss drugs, lorcaserin and phentermine-Topiramate: slim pickings?. JAMA Intern. Med. 174:615-19
99. Dowling RJ, Niraula S, Stambolic V, et al. 2012. Metformin in cancer: translational challenges. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 48:R31-R43
100. Hosono K, Endo H, Takahashi H, et al. 2010. Metformin suppresses colorectal aberrant crypt foci in a short-Term clinical trial. Cancer Prev. Res. 3:1077-83
101. Goodwin PJ, Stambolic V, Lemieux J, et al. 2011. Evaluation of metformin in early breast cancer: a modification of the traditional paradigm for clinical testing of anti-cancer agents. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 126:215-20