The political economy of precarious work in the tourism industry in small island developing states

Review of International Political Economy

Volumn 22, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 194-223

  Lee, Donna ^a   Hampton, Mark ^b   Jeyacheya, Julia ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KENT   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KENT   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

development; International political economy; international tourism; island economies; precarious work; Seychelles

Indexed keywords

EID: 84919846242     PISSN: 09692290     EISSN: 14664526     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09692290.2014.887590     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. Amosa, D.U. (2012) Social Policies in Samoa, London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
2. Archer, B. and Fletcher, J. (1996) ‘The Economic Impact of Tourism in the Seychelles’, Annals of Tourism Research 23(1): 32–47.
3. Armstrong, H.W. and Read, R. (2000) ‘Comparing the Economic Performance of Dependent Territories and Sovereign Micro-states’, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 48: 285–306.
4. Baldacchino G. (1993) ‘Bursting the Bubble: the Pseudo-Development Strategies of Microstates’, Development and Change 24 (1): 29–51.
5. Baum, T. (2012) Migrant Workers in the International Hotel Industry, International Migration Paper No. 112, International Labour Office, Geneva.
6. Beck, U. (1992) Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity London: Sage.
7. Bianchi, R. (2002) ‘Towards a New Political Economy of Global Tourism’, in R. Sharpley, and D.Telfer (eds) Tourism and Development, Concepts and Issues, Cleveden: Channel View.
8. Bolton, S.C. (2009) ‘The Lady Vanishes: Women’s Work and Affective Labour’, International Journal of Work Organisation and Emotion, 3 (1): 72–80.
9. Briguglio, L. (1995) ‘Small States and their Economic Vulnerabilities’, World Development, 23: 1615–32.
10. Britton, S. (1982) ‘The Political Economy of Tourism in the Third World’, Annals of Tourism Research, 9: 331–58.
11. Camfield, D. (2007) ‘The Multitude and the Kangaroo: A Critique of Hardt and Negri’s Theory of Immaterial Labour’, Historical Materialism 15 (2): 21–52.
12. Campling, L., Confiance, H., and Purvis, M-T. (2011) Social Policies in Seychelles, London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
13. Caribbean Tourism Organisation (2013) Latest Statistics 2012, 11 April, CTO, Barbados, online version (accessed 14 June 2013).
14. Chin, C.B.N. (2008) ‘Labour Flexibilization at Sea’, International Feminist Journal of Politics 10(1): 1–18.
15. Commonwealth Secretariat (2009) Small States and the Global Financial Crisis: Sustaining Development in Small States in a Turbulent Global Economy, Summary Report of July 2009 International Conference, London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
16. Commonwealth Secretariat (2012) Sharing Practical Ways to Build Resilience, Outcome Document of September 2012 Second Global Biennial Conference on Small States, London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
17. Connell, J. (2013) Islands at Risk? Environments, Economies and Contemporary Change, Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.
18. De Kadt, E. (1979) Tourism: Passport to Development?, New York: Oxford University Press.
19. DFID (Department for International Development) (1999) Tourism and Poverty Elimination: Untapped Potential. April. London: DFID.
20. Duncan, T., Scott, D. G., Baum, T. (2013) ‘The Mobilities of Hospitality Work: An Exploration of Issues and Debates’, Annals of Tourism Research, 41: 1–19.
21. Edwards, P.K, Belanger, J., Haiven, L. (1994) ‘The Workplace and Labour Regulation in Comparative Perspective’, in J. Belanger and P. K. Edwards (eds) Workplace Industrial Relations and the Global Challenge, Ithaca, NY: ILR Press.
22. Elias, J. and Ferguson, L. (2010) ‘Production, Employment, Consumption’, in L.J. Shepherd (ed) Gender Matters in Global Politics: A Feminist Introduction to International Relations. London: Routledge.
23. Federici, S. (2008) ‘Precarious Labour: A Feminist Viewpoint’, In the Middle of a Whirlwind, available online (accessed 14 November 2013).
24. Ferguson, L. (2007) ‘The United Nations World Tourism Organisation’, New Political Economy 12(4): 557–68.
25. Ferguson, L. (2010a) ‘Tourism Development and the Restructuring of Social Reproduction in Central America’, Review of International Political Economy, 17 (5): 860–88.
26. Ferguson, L. (2010b) ‘Interrogating ’“Gender” in Development Policy and Practice', International Feminist Journal of Politics, 12 (1): 3–24.
27. Ferguson, L (2011) ‘Promoting gender equality and empowering women? Tourism and the third Millennium Development Goal’, Current Issues in Tourism, 14 (3): 235–249.
28. Fletcher, R (2011) ‘Sustaining Tourism, Sustaining Capitalism? The Tourism Industry's Role in Global Capitalist Expansion’, Tourism Geographies, 13 (3): 443–461.
29. Goodwin, H. (2008) ‘Pro-poor Tourism: A Response’, Third World Quarterly, 29 (5): 869–71.
30. Hampton, M.P. and Jeyacheya, J. (2013) Tourism and Inclusive Growth in Small Island Developing States, London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
31. Hampton, M.P. (2010) ‘Enclaves and Ethnic Ties: Local Impacts of Singaporean Cross-Border Tourism in Malaysia and Indonesia’, Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 31(2): 239–53.
32. Hardt, M and Negri, A. (2000) Empire, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
33. Hardt, M and Negri, A. (2005) Multitude: War and Democracy in the Age of Empire, London: Penguin Putnam.
34. Harvey, D. (1989) The Condition of Post-Modernity: An Enquiry in to Origins of Cultural Change, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
35. Herrera, G. (2008) ‘States, Work and Social Reproduction through the Lens of Migrant Experience: Ecuadorian Domestic Workers in Madrid’, in I. Bakker and R. Silvey (eds) Beyond States and Markets: The Challenges of Social Reproduction, London: Routledge.
36. Hoon, M. Y. (2011) ‘Factors Hindering Larger Representation of Women in Parliament: The Case of Seychelles’, Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, 49(1): 98–114.
37. Hoskyns, C. and Rai, S. (2007) ‘Recasting the Global Economy: Counting Women’s Unpaid Work’, New Political Economy, 12(3): 297–317.
38. ILO (2012) Migrant Workers in the International Hotel Industry, International Migration Paper No. 112, International Labour Organization, Geneva.
39. IMF World Economic Outlook (2011) Slowing Growth, Risking Risks, World Economic and Financial Surveys, Washington, DC.
40. Jessop, B. (2008) State Power: A Strategic-Relational Approach, Cambridge: Polity.
41. Kalleberg, A. L (2009) ‘Precarious Work, Insecure Workers: Employment Relations in Transition’, American Sociological Review 74 (1): 1–22.
42. Kothari, U. and Wilkinson, R. (2010) ‘Colonial Imaginaries and Postcolonial Transformations: Exiles, Bases, Beaches’, Third World Quarterly, 31(8): 1395–1412.
43. Kothari, U. and Wilkinson, R. (2013) ‘Global Change, Small Island State Response: Restructuring and the Perpetuation of Uncertainty in Mauritius and Seychelles’, Journal of International Development, 25 (1): 92–107.
44. Lazzaratto, M. (2006) ‘Immaterial Labour’, in P. Virno and M. Hardt (eds) Radical Thought in Italy: A Potential Politics, Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press.
45. Lee, D. and Smith, N.J. (2010) ‘Small State Discourses in the International Political Economy’, Third World Quarterly, 31(7): 1091–1105.
46. Lewis, P. (2010) Social Policies in Grenada. London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
47. McEwen, D. and Bennett, O. (2010) Seychelles Tourism Value Chain Analysis: Final Report, London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
48. Migration and Tourism Statistics 2011, (2012 Edition),, Victoria, Seychelles: National Bureau of Statistics.
49. Moore, P (2006) ‘Global Knowledge Capitalism, Self woven Safety Nets, and the Crisis of Employability’ Global Society 20 (4): 453–473.
50. Moore, P. (2012) 'Where is the Study of Work in Critical IPE? International Politics, 49 (2): 215–37.
51. Moore, P. and Taylor, P.A. (2009) ‘Exploitation of the Self in Community-based Software Production: Workers’ Freedoms or Firm Foundations? Capital and Class, 97: 99–120.
52. Munck, R. (2013) ‘The Precariat: A View from the South’, Third World Quarterly, 43:5: 747–62.
53. National Bureau of Statistics (2013) Tourism Statistics 2000–2013, available from (accessed 22 November 2013).
54. Neilson, B. and Rossiter, N. (2005) ‘From Precarity to Precariousness and Back Again: Labour, Life and Unstable Networks’, the Fibreculture Journal, Issue 5 available online (accessed 18 November 2013).
55. O‘Doherty, D. and Willmott, H. (2009) ’The Decline of Labour Process Analysis and the Future Sociology of Work', Sociology, 43 (5): 931–51.
56. Prasad, B. C., and Kausimae, P. (2012) Social Policies in Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
57. Recalde, D. (2010) ‘Seychelles and MW Brands Negotiate over Tuna Plant’, FIS (Fish Information and Services) World News, 9 July. Online news < http://fis.com/fis/worldnews/worldnews.asp?monthyear=&day=9&id=37227&l=e&special=0&ndb=0> (accessed 14 June 2013).
58. Robinson, A (2011) ‘In Theory Precariatans of All Countries, Unite!’, Ceasefire, March 18. Available on-line at http://ceasefiremagazine.co.uk/in-theory-precarity (accessed 18 November, 2013)
59. Slazinger, L. (2003) Genders in Production: Making Workers in Mexico’s Global Factories,. Berkeley: California University Press.
60. Scheyvens, R. (2011) ‘The Challenge of Sustainable Tourism Development in the Maldives: Understanding the Social and Political Dimensions of Sustainability’, Asia Pacific Viewpoint 52(2): 148–64.
61. Selwyn, B. (2012) Beyond Firm-Centrism: Reintegrating Labour and Capitalism into Global Commodity Chain Analysis, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
62. Seychelles Tourism Board (2012) 2012–2020 Tourism Master Plan,Victoria: Seychelles Tourism Board.
63. Shareef, R. and McAleer, M. (2006) ‘Modelling International Tourism Demand and Uncertainty in Maldives and Seychelles: A Portfolio Approach’, School of Accounting, Finance and Economics and FIMARC Working Paper Number 0605, July,. Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia. Online version: .
64. Sinclair, M.T. (1997) Gender, Work and Tourism. London: Routledge.
65. Smith, N.J. (2011) ‘The International Political Economy of Commercial Sex’, Review of International Political Economy, 18(4): 530–49.
66. Standing, G. (2011) The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class, London: Bloomsbury Academic.
67. Thompson, P. (2005) ‘Foundation and Empire: A Critique of Hardt and Negri’, Capital and Class, 86: 39–64.
68. Travelmole.com Major First Choice Shake-up Unveiled, available from: (accessed 24 July 2013).
69. Trott, B. (2007) ‘Immaterial Labour and World Order: An Evaluation of a Thesis’, Ephemera: Theory and Politics in Organisation, 7(1): 203–32.
70. Turner, L. and Ash, J. (1975) The Golden Hordes: International Tourism and the Pleasure Periphery, London: Constable & Robinson.
71. UN (2012) Accelerating Progress towards the Millennium Development Goals: Option for Sustained and Inclusive Growth and Issues for Advancing the United Nations Development Agenda beyond 2015, Annual Report of the Secretary-General, General Assembly 67th session, Item 114 of the provisional agenda, 6 August 2012.
72. UNDP (2012) International Human Development Indicators: Seychelles Country Profile, (accessed 7 June 2013).
73. UNWTO (2006) Poverty Reduction through Tourism: A Compilation of Best Practices, UNWTO: Madrid, (accessed 3 July 2013).
74. UNWTO (2012a) Challenges and Opportunities for Tourism Development in Small Island Developing States, UNWTO: Madrid.
75. UNWTO (2012b) Tourism Highlights, UN WTO: Madrid.
76. UNWTO and ILO (2013) Economic Crisis, International Tourism Decline and its Impact on the Poor, UNWTO: Madrid.
77. Wolkowitz, C. (2006) Bodies at Work. London: Sage.
78. World Bank (2011) ‘Seychelles Selected Issues: Social Protection, Labor Market and Public Enterprise Reforms. Public Expenditure Review 2’, Report No. 57113-SC available at ([accessed 17 June 2013).
79. World Bank (2013) ‘Seychelles Overview’, (accessed 17 June 2013).
80. WTTC (2012) Economic Impact Research 2012 Report, online version .