Synchrotron radiation X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as a tool to resolve the dimensions of spherical core/shell nanoparticles

Journal of Physical Chemistry C

Volumn 118, Issue 46, 2014, Pages 26621-26628

  Doh, Won Hui ^a   Papaefthimiou, Vasiliki ^a   Dintzer, Thierry ^a   Dupuis, Véronique ^b   Zafeiratos, Spyridon ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE STRASBOURG   (France)

^b UNIVERSITÉ LYON 1   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CORE SHELL NANOPARTICLES; DEPTH PROFILING; GOLD COMPOUNDS; GOLD METALLOGRAPHY; HEMATITE; HIGH RESOLUTION TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; IRON METALLOGRAPHY; METAL NANOPARTICLES; PHOTOELECTRONS; PHOTONS; PLATINUM COMPOUNDS; RHODIUM METALLOGRAPHY; SHELLS (STRUCTURES); SPECTROMETERS; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; SYNCHROTRONS;

AMBIENT PRESSURE XPS; INTRINSIC DIMENSIONS; QUANTITATIVE CALCULATION; QUANTITATIVE INFORMATION; QUANTITATIVE MODELS; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION X-RAYS; SYNCHROTRON X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPIES; THEORETICAL MODELING;

X RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY;

EID: 84914682483     PISSN: 19327447     EISSN: 19327455     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp508895u     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Sakiyama, K.; Koga, K.; Seto, T.; Hirasawa, M.; Orii, T. Formation of Size-Selected Ni/NiO Core-Shell Particles by Pulsed Laser Ablation. J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 523-529.
2. Winters, B. J.; Holm, J.; Roberts, J. T. Thermal Processing and Native Oxidation of Silicon Nanoparticles. J. Nanoparticle Res. 2011, 13, 5473-5484.
3. Lu, Y.; McLellan, J.; Xia, Y. Synthesis and Crystallization of Hybrid Spherical Colloids Composed of Polystyrene Cores and Silica Shells. Langmuir 2004, 20, 3464-3470.
4. Kim, B. J.; Fredrickson, G. H.; Bang, J.; Hawker, C. J.; Kramer, E. J. Tailoring Core-Shell Polymer-Coated Nanoparticles as Block Copolymer Surfactants. Macromolecules 2009, 42, 6193-6201.
5. Samal, A. K.; Polavarapu, L.; Rodal-Cedeira, S.; Liz-Marzán, L. M.; Pérez-Juste, J.; Pastoriza-Santos, I. Size Tunable Au@Ag Core-Shell Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Properties. Langmuir 2013, 29, 15076-15082.
6. Esparza, R.; García-Ruiz, A. F.; Velázquez Salazar, J. J.; Pérez, R.; José-Yacamán, M. Structural Characterization of Pt-Pd Core-Shell Nanoparticles by Cs-Corrected STEM. J. Nanoparticle Res. 2013, 15, 1342.
7. Wanjala, B. N.; Luo, J.; Fang, B.; Mott, D.; Zhong, C.-J. Gold-Platinum Nanoparticles: Alloying and Phase Segregation. J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 4012.
8. Papaefthimiou, V.; Tournus, F.; Hillion, A.; Khadra, G.; Teschner, D.; Knop-Gericke, A.; Dupuis, V.; Zafeiratos, S. Mixing Patterns and Redox Properties of Iron-Based Alloy Nanoparticles Under Oxidation and Reduction Conditions. Chem. Mater. 2014, 26, 1553-1560.
9. Zafeiratos, S.; Piccinin, S.; Teschner, D. Alloys in Catalysis: Phase Separation and Surface Segregation Phenomena in Response to the Reactive Environment. Catal. Sci. Technol. 2012, 2, 1787.
10. Hoener, C. F.; Allan, K. A.; Bard, A. J.; Campion, A.; Fox, M. A.; Mallouk, T. E.; Webber, S. E.; White, J. M. Demonstration of a Shell-Core Structure in Layered Cadmium Selenide-Zinc Selenide Small Particles by X-ray Photoelectron and Auger Spectroscopies. J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 3812-3817.
11. Peng, X.; Schlamp, M. C.; Kadavanich, A. V.; Alivisatos, A. P. Epitaxial Growth of Highly Luminescent CdSe/CdS Core/Shell Nanocrystals with Photostability and Electronic Accessibility. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 7019-7029.
12. Kim, T.; Kim, S. W.; Kang, M.; Kim, S.-W. Large-Scale Synthesis of InPZnS Alloy Quantum Dots with Dodecanethiol as a Composition Controller. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2012, 3, 214-218.
13. Langlois, C. T.; Oikawa, T.; Bayle-Guillemaud, P.; Ricolleau, C. Energy-Filtered Electron Microscopy for Imaging Core-Shell Nanostructures. J. Nanoparticle Res. 2007, 10, 997-1007.
14. Sarma, D. D.; Santra, P. K.; Mukherjee, S.; Nag, A. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy: A Unique Tool To Determine the Internal Heterostructure of Nanoparticles. Chem. Mater. 2013, 25, 1222-1232.
15. Papaefthimiou, V.; Dintzer, T.; Dupuis, V.; Tamion, A.; Tournus, F.; Teschner, D.; Hävecker, M.; Knop-Gericke, A.; Schlögl, R.; Zafeiratos, S. When a Metastable Oxide Stabilizes at the Nanoscale: Wurtzite CoO Formation upon Dealloying of PtCo Nanoparticles. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2011, 2, 900-904.
16. Law, Y. T.; Skála, T.; Píš, I.; Nehasil, V.; Vondráček, M.; Zafeiratos, S. Bimetallic Nickel-Cobalt Nanosized Layers Supported on Polar ZnO Surfaces: Metal-Support Interaction and Alloy Effects Studied by Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 10048-10056.
17. Martin, J. E.; Herzing, A. A.; Yan, W.; Li, X.; Koel, B. E.; Kiely, C. J.; Zhang, W. Determination of the Oxide Layer Thickness in Core-Shell Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles. Langmuir 2008, 24, 4329-4334.
18. Baer, D. R.; Engelhard, M. H. XPS Analysis of Nanostructured Materials and Biological Surfaces. J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 2010, 178-179, 415-432.
19. Winkler, U.; Eich, D.; Chen, Z. H.; Fink, R.; Kulkarni, S. K.; Umbach, E. Detailed Investigation of CdS Nanoparticle Surfaces by High-Resolution Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1999, 306, 95-102.
20. Kulkarni, S. K.; Winkler, U.; Deshmukh, N.; Borse, P. H.; Fink, R.; Umbach, E. Investigations on Chemically Capped CdS, ZnS, and ZnCdS Nanoparticles. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2001, 169-170, 438-446.
21. Gunter, P. L. J.; De Jong, a. M.; Niemantsverdriet, J. W.; Rheiter, H. J. H. Evaluation of Take-Off-Angle-Dependent XPS for Determining the Thickness of Passivation Layers on Aluminium and Silicon. Surf. Interface Anal. 1992, 19, 161-164.
22. 2 Thickness Determination by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Auger Electron Spectroscopy, Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry, Rutherford Backscattering, Transmission Electron Microscopy, and Ellipsometry. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 2000, 18, 440-444.
23. Alexander, M. R.; Thompson, G. E.; Zhou, X.; Beamson, G.; Fairley, N. Quantification of Oxide Film Thickness at the Surface of Aluminium Using XPS. Surf. Interface Anal. 2002, 34, 485-489.
24. Cumpson, P. J. The Thickogram: A Method for Easy Film Thickness Measurement in XPS. Surf. Interface Anal. 2000, 29, 403-406.
25. Mohai, M.; Bertóti, I. Calculation of Overlayer Thickness on Curved Surfaces Based on XPS Intensities. Surf. Interface Anal. 2004, 36, 805-808.
26. Hajati, S.; Zaporojtchenko, V.; Faupel, F.; Tougaard, S. Characterization of Au Nano-Cluster Formation on and Diffusion in Polystyrene Using XPS Peak Shape Analysis. Surf. Sci. 2007, 601, 3261-3267.
27. Briggs, D.; Seah, M. P. Practical Surface Analysis: Auger and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy; Wiley: New York, 1990; p 657.
28. Shard, A. G. A Straightforward Method For Interpreting XPS Data From Core-Shell Nanoparticles. J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 16806-16813.
29. Nanda, J.; Kuruvilla, B.; Sarma, D. Photoelectron Spectroscopic Study of CdS Nanocrystallites. Phys. Rev. B 1999, 59, 7473-7479.
30. Nanda, J.; Sarma, D. D. Photoemission Spectroscopy of Size Selected Zinc Sulfide Nanocrystallites. J. Appl. Phys. 2001, 90, 2504.
31. Sapra, S.; Nanda, J.; Pietryga, J. M.; Hollingsworth, J. A.; Sarma, D. D. Unraveling Internal Structures of Highly Luminescent PbSe Nanocrystallites Using Variable-Energy Synchrotron Radiation Photoelectron Spectroscopy. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 15244-15250.
32. Santra, P. K.; Viswanatha, R.; Daniels, S. M.; Pickett, N. L.; Smith, J. M.; O'Brien, P.; Sarma, D. D. Investigation of the Internal Heterostructure of Highly Luminescent Quantum Dot-Quantum Well Nanocrystals. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 470-477.
33. Sarma, D. D.; Nag, A.; Santra, P. K.; Kumar, A.; Sapra, S.; Mahadevan, P. Origin of the Enhanced Photoluminescence from Semiconductor CdSeS Nanocrystals. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2010, 1, 2149-2153.
34. Gillet, J.-N.; Meunier, M. General Equation for Size Nanocharacterization of the Core-Shell Nanoparticles by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 8733-8737.
35. Yang, D.-Q.; Gillet, J.-N.; Meunier, M.; Sacher, E. Room Temperature Oxidation Kinetics of Si Nanoparticles in Air, Determined by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. J. Appl. Phys. 2005, 97, 024303.
36. Shard, A. G.; Wang, J.; Spencer, S. J. XPS Topofactors: Determining Overlayer Thickness on Particles and Fibres. Surf. Interface Anal. 2009, 41, 541-548.
37. Perez, A.; Dupuis, V.; Tuaillon-Combes, J.; Bardotti, L.; Prevel, B.; Bernstein, E.; Mélinon, P.; Favre, L.; Hannour, A.; Jamet, M. Functionalized Cluster-Assembled Magnetic Nanostructures for Applications to High Integration-Density Devices. Adv. Eng. Mater. 2005, 7, 475-485.
38. 0 Domain CoPt and FePt Nanoparticles Revealed by Electron Microscopy. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2013, 110, 055501.
39. Salmeron, M.; Schlögl, R. Ambient Pressure Photoelectron Spectroscopy: A New Tool for Surface Science and Nanotechnology. Surf. Sci. Rep. 2008, 63, 169-199.
40. Knop-Gericke, A.; Kleimenov, E.; Hävecker, M.; Blume, R.; Teschner, D.; Zafeiratos, S.; Schlögl, R.; Bukhtiyarov, V. I.; Kaichev, V. V.; Prosvirin, I. P.; et al. Chapter 4 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy for Investigation of Heterogeneous Catalytic Processes. Adv. Catal. 2009, 52, 213-272.
41. Bluhm, H. Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Surfaces under Humid Conditions. J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 2010, 177, 71-84.
42. NIST Standard Reference Database 82; http://www.nist.gov/srd/nist82.cfm.
43. Yeh, J. J.; Lindau, I. Atomic Subshell Photoionization Cross Sections and Asymmetry Parameters: 1 ≤ Z ≤ 103. At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 1985, 32, 1-155.
44. Atomic calculation of photoionization cross-sections and asymmetry parameters; http://ulisse.elettra.trieste.it/services/elements/WebElements.html.
45. Katari, J. E. B.; Colvin, V. L.; Alivisatos, A. P. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of CdSe Nanocrystals with Applications to Studies of the Nanocrystal Surface. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 4109-4117.
46. YunWei, C.; Banin, U. Growth and Properties of Semiconductor Core/Shell Nanocrystals with InAs Cores. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 9692-9702.