International consensus on (ICON) anaphylaxis

World Allergy Organization Journal

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 2014, Pages

  Simons, F Estelle R ^a   Ardusso, Ledit Rf ^b   Bilò, M Beatrice ^c   Cardona, Victoria ^d   Ebisawa, Motohiro ^e   El Gamal, Yehia M ^f   Lieberman, Phil ^g   Lockey, Richard F ^h   Muraro, Antonella ⁱ   Roberts, Graham ^j,p   Sanchez Borges, Mario ^k   Sheikh, Aziz ^l,q   Shek, Lynette P ^m   Wallace, Dana V ⁿ   Worm, Margitta ^o  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE ROSARIO   (Argentina)

^c OSPEDALI RIUNITI   (Italy)

^d HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARI VALL D HEBRON   (Spain)

^e NATIONAL HOSPITAL ORGANIZATION   (Japan)

^f AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY   (Egypt)

^g Allergy and Asthma Care   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA   (United States)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

^j UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON   (United Kingdom)

^k Centro Medico Docente La Trinidad   (Venezuela)

^l UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^m NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE   (Singapore)

ⁿ NOVA SOUTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^o CHARITÉ UNIVERSITÄTSMEDIZIN BERLIN   (Germany)

^p ST MARY S HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^q HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

Acute systemic allergic reaction; Anaphylaxis; Drug allergy; Epinephrine (adrenaline); Exercise induced anaphylaxis; Food allergy; Glucocorticoids; H1 antihistamines; H2 antihistamines; Idiopathic anaphylaxis; Venom allergy

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN; BETA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; SODIUM CHLORIDE;

ALLERGIC REACTION; ANAPHYLAXIS; ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONSENSUS; DESENSITIZATION; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EPINEPHRINE AUTOINJECTOR; FLUID RESUSCITATION; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; IMMUNOTHERAPY; INTRACUTANEOUS TEST; OXYGEN THERAPY; PATIENT EDUCATION; PATIENT MONITORING; PATIENT POSITIONING; PATIENT RISK; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PROVOCATION TEST; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RESPIRATION CONTROL; RESUSCITATION; RISK FACTOR; SELF CARE; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW (TOPIC);

EID: 84910624685     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19394551     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1939-4551-7-9     Document Type: Article

References (130)

1. We call for iCAALL: International Collaboration in Asthma, Allergy and Immunology. J Lotvall, R Pawankar, DV Wallace, CA Akdis, LJ Rosenwasser, RW Weber, AW Burks, TB Casale, RF Lockey, NG Papadopoulos, SM Fineman, DK Ledford, on behalf of the AAAAI, the ACAAI, the EAACI, and the WAO, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012 129 904 905 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.02.009 22365583
2. World Allergy Organization guidelines for the assessment and management of anaphylaxis. FER Simons, LRF Ardusso, MB Bilo, YM El-Gamal, DK Ledford, J Ring, M Sanchez-Borges, GE Senna, A Sheikh, BY Thong, for the World Allergy Organization, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011 127 587 593 e1-e22 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.01.038 21377030
3. The diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis practice parameter: 2010 update. P Lieberman, RA Nicklas, J Oppenheimer, SF Kemp, DM Lang, DI Bernstein, JA Bernstein, AW Burks, AM Feldweg, JN Fink, PA Greenberger, DBK Golden, JM James, SF Kemp, DK Ledford, P Lieberman, AL Sheffer, DI Bernstein, J Blessing-Moore, L Cox, DA Khan, D Lang, RA Nicklas, J Oppenheimer, JM Portnoy, C Randolph, DE Schuller, SL Spector, S Tilles, D Wallace, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010 126 477 480 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.06.022 20692689
4. Anaphylaxis: Guidelines from the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. A Muraro, G Roberts, M Worm, MB Bilo, K Brockow, M Fernandez-Rivas, AF Santos, ZQ Zolkipli, A Bellou, C Bindslev-Jensen, V Cardona, AT Clark, P Demoly, AEJ Dubois, A Dunn Galvin, P Eigenmann, S Halken, L Harada, G Lack, M Jutel, B Niggemann, F Rueff, F Timmermans, BJ Vlieg-Boerstra, T Werfel, S Dhami, S Panesar, A Sheikh, on behalf of EAACI Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Guidelines Group, Allergy 2014 DOI: 10.1111/all.12437
5. World Allergy Organization survey on global availability of essentials for the assessment and management of anaphylaxis by allergy/immunology specialists in healthcare settings. FER Simons, for the World Allergy Organization, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2010 104 405 412 10.1016/j.anai.2010.01.023 20486330
6. Lack of worldwide availability of epinephrine autoinjectors for outpatients at risk of anaphylaxis. FER Simons, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2005 94 534 538 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)61129-5 15945555
7. Epinephrine auto-injectors: first-aid treatment still out of reach for many at risk of anaphylaxis in the community. FER Simons, for the World Allergy Organization, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2009 102 403 409 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60512-1 19492662
8. - 2012 update: World Allergy Organization Guidelines for the assessment and management of anaphylaxis. FER Simons, LRF Ardusso, MB Bilo, V Dimov, M Ebisawa, YM El-Gamal, DK Ledford, RF Lockey, J Ring, M Sanchez-Borges, GE Senna, A Sheikh, BY Thong, M Worm, for the World Allergy Organization, Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2012 12 389 399 10.1097/ACI.0b013e328355b7e4 22744267
9. World Allergy Organization anaphylaxis guidelines: 2013 update of the evidence base. FER Simons, LRF Ardusso, V Dimov, M Ebisawa, YM El-Gamal, RF Lockey, M Sanchez-Borges, GE Senna, A Sheikh, BY Thong, M Worm, for the World Allergy Organization, Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2013 162 193 204 10.1159/000354543 24008815
10. The diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis. RA Nicklas, IL Bernstein, JT Li, RE Lee, SL Spector, MS Dykewicz, S Fineman, W Berger, J Blessing-Moore, D Schuller, Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Practice Parameters, J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998 101 465 S528 9673591
11. The diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis: an updated practice parameter. Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters, American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology, American College of Allergy Asthma and Immunology, Joint Council of Allergy Asthma and Immunology, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005 115 483 S523 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.01.010 15753926
12. Emergency department diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis. R Campbell, JT Li, AT Sadosty, 2014 (in press)
13. Food allergy: a practice parameter update. HA Sampson, D Bernstein, J Blessing-Moore, D Khan, D Lang, R Nicklas, J Oppenheimer, J Portnoy, C Randolph, D Schuller, S Spector, SA Tilles, D Wallace, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014 133 (in press)
14. Stinging insect hypersensitivity: A practice parameter update 2011. DBK Golden, J Moffitt, RA Nicklas, T Freeman, DF Graft, RE Reisman, JM Tracy, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011 127 852 854 e23 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.01.025 21458655
15. Drug allergy: an updated practice parameter. Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters, American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology, American College of Allergy Asthma and Immunology, Joint Council of Allergy Asthma and Immunology, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2010 105 259 273 20934625
16. Allergen immunotherapy: a practice parameter third update. L Cox, H Nelson, R Lockey, C Calabria, T Chacko, I Finegold, M Nelson, R Weber, DI Bernstein, J Blessing-Moore, DA Khan, DM Lang, RA Nicklas, J Oppenheimer, JM Portnoy, C Randolph, DE Schuller, SL Spector, S Tilles, D Wallace, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011 127 1 S55 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.09.034 21122901
17. Allergists' self-reported adherence to anaphylaxis practice parameters and perceived barriers to care: an American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology member survey. S Fineman, P Dowling, D O'Rourke, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2013 111 529 536 10.1016/j.anai.2013.09.026 24267364
18. AGREE II: advancing guideline development, reporting and evaluation in health care. MC Brouwers, ME Kho, GP Browman, JS Burgers, F Cluzeau, G Feder, B Fervers, ID Graham, J Grimshaw, SE Hanna, P Littlejohns, J Makarski, L Zitzelsberger, Can Med Assoc J 2010 182 839 E842 10.1503/cmaj.090449
19. The management of anaphylaxis in childhood: position paper of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology. A Muraro, G Roberts, A Clark, PA Eigenmann, S Halken, G Lack, A Moneret-Vautrin, B Niggemann, F Rance, Allergy 2007 62 857 871 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01421.x 17590200
20. The epidemiology of anaphylaxis in Europe: a systematic review. SS Panesar, S Javad, D de Silva, BI Nwaru, L Hickstein, A Muraro, G Roberts, M Worm, MB Bilo, V Cardona, AEJ Dubois, A Dunn Galvin, P Eigenmann, M Fernandez-Rivas, S Halken, G Lack, B Niggemann, AF Santos, BJ Vlieg-Boerstra, ZQ Zolkipli, A Sheikh, Allergy 2013 68 1353 1361 10.1111/all.12272 24117770
21. Management of anaphylaxis: a systematic review. S Dhami, SS Panesar, G Roberts, A Muraro, M Worm, MB Bilo, V Cardona, AEJ Dubois, A DunnGalvin, P Eigenmann, M Fernandez-Rivas, S Halken, G Lack, B Niggemann, F Rueff, AF Santos, B Vlieg-Boerstra, ZQ Zolkipli, A Sheikh, on behalf of the EAACI Food, Allergy and Anaphylaxis Guidelines Group, Allergy 2014 69 168 175 10.1111/all.12318 24251536
22. Diagnosis and management of food allergy: Guidelines from the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. A Muraro, T Werfel, K Beyer, C Bindslev-Jensen, V Cardona, AEJ Dubois, TG Du, P Eigenmann, M Fernandez-Rivas, S Halken, L Hickstein, A Host, E Knol, G Lack, MJ Marchisotto, B Niggemann, B Nwaru, N Papadopoulos, G Roberts, A Santos, I Skypala, A Shoepfer, R Van Ree, C Venter, M Worm, BJ Vlieg-Boerstra, SS Panesar, D de Silva, K Soares-Weisser, A Sheikh, BK Ballmer-Weber, C Nilsson, CA Akdis, K Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Allergy 2014 69 (in press)
23. Second symposium on the definition and management of anaphylaxis: summary report-Second National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease/Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network symposium. HA Sampson, A Munoz-Furlong, RL Campbell, NF Adkinson Jr, SA Bock, A Branum, SGA Brown, CA Camargo Jr, R Cydulka, SJ Galli, J Gidudu, RS Gruchalla, AD Harlor Jr, DL Hepner, LM Lewis, PL Lieberman, DD Metcalfe, R O'Connor, A Muraro, A Rudman, C Schmitt, D Scherrer, FER Simons, S Thomas, JP Wood, WW Decker, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006 117 391 397 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.1303 16461139
24. Anaphylaxis: Clinical patterns, mediator release, and severity. SGA Brown, SF Stone, DM Fatovich, SA Burrows, A Holdgate, A Celenza, A Coulson, L Hartnett, Y Nagree, C Cotterell, GK Isbister, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013 132 1141 1149 e5 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.06.015 23915715
25. Factors associated with shock in anaphylaxis. HJ Park, SH Kim, Am J Emerg Med 2012 30 1674 1678 10.1016/j.ajem.2012.01.015 22424990
26. Blood pressure monitoring in children undergoing food challenge: association with anaphylaxis. C Caffarelli, S Rico, L Rinaldi, C Povesi Dascola, C Terzi, S Bernasconi, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012 108 285 286 10.1016/j.anai.2012.02.001 22469454
27. Anaphylaxis admissions to UK critical care units between 2005 and 2009. B Gibbison, A Sheikh, P McShane, C Haddow, J Soar, Anaesthesia 2012 67 833 839 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2012.07159.x 22607557
28. Hospital admissions for anaphylaxis in Istanbul, Turkey. F Cetinkaya, A Incioglu, S Birinci, BE Karaman, AI Dokucu, A Sheikh, Allergy 2013 68 128 130 10.1111/all.12069 23176539
29. Anaphylaxis in Israel: experience with 92 hospitalized children. V Hoffer, O Scheuerman, N Marcus, Y Levy, N Segal, I Lagovsky, Y Monselise, BZ Garty, Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2011 22 172 177 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.00990.x 20536784
30. Anaphylaxis fatalities and admissions in Australia. WK Liew, E Williamson, MLK Tang, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009 123 434 442 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.10.049 19117599
31. Anaphylaxis: a ten years inpatient retrospective study. M Techapornroong, K Akrawinthawong, W Cheungpasitporn, K Ruxrungtham, Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2010 28 262 269 21337910
32. Anaphylaxis in Latin America: a report of the online Latin American Survey on Anaphylaxis (OLASA). D Sole, JC Ivancevich, M Sanchez-Borges, Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2011 66 943 947 10.1590/S1807-59322011000600004 21808856
33. Symptom profile and risk factors of anaphylaxis in Central Europe. M Worm, G Edenharter, F Rueff, K Scherer, C Pfohler, V Mahler, R Treudler, R Lang, K Nemat, A Koehli, B Niggemann, S Hompes, Allergy 2012 67 691 698 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2012.02795.x 22335765
34. Incidence of anaphylaxis in the city of Alcorcon (Spain): a population-based study. MA Tejedor Alonso, M Moro Moro, MV Mugica Garcia, J Esteban Hernandez, A Rosado Ingelmo, C Vila Albelda, C Gomez Traseira, R Cardenas Contreras, J Sanz Sacristan, MA Hernandez, Clin Exp Allergy 2012 42 578 589 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.03930.x 22417216
35. Anaphylaxis in America: The prevalence and characteristics of anaphylaxis in the United States. RA Wood, CA Camargo, P Lieberman, HA Sampson, LB Schwartz, M Zitt, C Collins, M Tringale, M Wilkinson, J Boyle, FER Simons, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014 133 461 467 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.08.016 24144575
36. Undernotification of anaphylaxis deaths in Brazil due to difficult coding under the ICD-10. LK Tanno, F Ganem, P Demoly, CM Toscano, AL Bierrenbach, Allergy 2012 67 783 789 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2012.02829.x 22519410
37. Anaphylactic deaths in Maryland (United States) and Shanghai (China): a review of forensic autopsy cases from 2004 to 2006. Y Shen, L Li, J Grant, A Rubio, Z Zhao, X Zhang, L Zhou, D Fowler, Forensic Sci Int 2009 186 1 5 10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.12.007 19217731
38. Anaphylaxis in infants: Can recognition and management be improved? FER Simons, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007 120 537 540 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.06.025 17765754
39. Anaphylaxis during pregnancy. FER Simons, M Schatz, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012 130 597 606 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.06.035 22871389
40. Anaphylaxis in emergency department patients 50 or 65 years or older. RL Campbell, JB Hagan, JTC Li, SC Vukov, AR Kanthala, VD Smith, V Manivannan, MF Bellolio, WW Decker, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2011 106 401 406 10.1016/j.anai.2011.01.011 21530872
41. Anaphylaxis epidemiology in patients with and patients without asthma: a United Kingdom database review. A Gonzalez-Perez, Z Aponte, CF Vidaurre, LAG Rodriguez, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010 125 1098 1104 e1 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.02.009 20392483
42. Asthma and the prospective risk of anaphylactic shock and other allergy diagnoses in a large integrated health care delivery system. C Iribarren, IV Tolstykh, MK Miller, MD Eisner, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2010 104 371 377 10.1016/j.anai.2010.03.004 20486326
43. Allergy and the cardiovascular system. M Triggiani, V Patella, RI Staiano, F Granata, G Marone, Clin Exp Immunol 2008 153 Suppl 1 7 11 18721322
44. New developments in mast cell biology. J Kalesnikoff, SJ Galli, Nat Immunol 2008 9 1215 1223 10.1038/ni.f.216 18936782
45. Definitions, criteria and global classification of mast cell disorders with special reference to mast cell activation syndromes: a consensus proposal. P Valent, C Akin, M Arock, K Brockow, JH Butterfield, MC Carter, M Castells, L Escribano, K Hartmann, P Lieberman, B Nedoszytko, A Orfao, LB Schwartz, K Sotlar, WR Sperr, M Triggiani, R Valenta, H-P Horny, DD Metcalfe, Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2012 157 215 225 10.1159/000328760 22041891
46. Predictors of severe systemic anaphylactic reactions in patients with Hymenoptera venom allergy: importance of baseline serum tryptase-a study of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology Interest Group on Insect Venom Hypersensitivity. F Rueff, B Przybilla, MB Bilo, U Muller, F Scheipl, W Aberer, J Birnbaum, A Bodzenta-Lukaszyk, F Bonifazi, C Bucher, P Campi, U Darsow, C Egger, G Haeberli, T Hawranek, M Korner, I Kucharewicz, H Kuchenhoff, R Lang, O Quercia, N Reider, M Severino, M Sticherling, GJ Sturm, B Wuthrich, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009 124 1047 1054 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.08.027 19895993
47. Increased serum baseline tryptase levels and extensive skin involvement are predictors for the severity of mast cell activation episodes in children with mastocytosis. I Alvarez-Twose, S Vano-Galvan, L Sanchez-Munoz, JM Morgado, A Matito, A Torrelo, P Jaen, LB Schwartz, A Orfao, L Escribano, Allergy 2012 67 813 821 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2012.02812.x 22458675
48. Antihypertensive medication use is associated with increased organ system involvement and hospitalization in emergency department patients with anaphylaxis. S Lee, EP Hess, DM Nestler, VR Bellamkonda Athmaram, MF Bellolio, WW Decker, JTC Li, JB Hagan, V Manivannan, SC Vukov, RL Campbell, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013 131 1103 1108 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.01.011 23453138
49. Over- and underestimated parameters in severe Hymenoptera venom-induced anaphylaxis: cardiovascular medication and absence of urticaria/angioedema. J Stoevesandt, J Hain, A Kerstan, A Trautmann, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012 130 698 704 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.03.024 22554708
50. About the role and underlying mechanisms of cofactors in anaphylaxis. F Wolbing, J Fischer, M Koberle, S Kaesler, T Biedermann, Allergy 2013 68 1085 1092 23909934
51. Heterogeneity in presentation and treatment of catamenial anaphylaxis. CS Bauer, T Kampitak, ML Messieh, KJ Kelly, P Vadas, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2013 111 107 111 10.1016/j.anai.2013.06.001 23886228
52. Identification of markers that distinguish IgE- from IgG-mediated anaphylaxis. MV Khodoun, R Strait, L Armstrong, N Yanase, FD Finkelman, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011 108 12413 12418 10.1073/pnas.1105695108 21746933
53. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of food allergy in the United States: report of the NIAID-sponsored expert panel. JA Boyce, AH Assa'ad, AW Burks, SM Jones, HA Sampson, RA Wood, M Plaut, SF Cooper, M Fenton, SH Arshad, SL Bahna, LA Beck, C Byrd-Bredbenner, CA Camargo Jr, L Eichenfield, GT Furuta, JM Hanifin, C Jones, M Kraft, BD Levy, P Lieberman, S Luccioli, KM McCall, LC Schneider, RA Simon, FER Simons, SJ Teach, BP Yawn, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010 126 1 S58 21134576
54. Paediatric anaphylaxis in a Singaporean children cohort: changing food allergy triggers over time. WK Liew, WC Chiang, AE Goh, HH Lim, OM Chay, S Chang, JH Tan, E Shih, M Kidon, Asia Pac Allergy 2013 3 29 34 10.5415/apallergy.2013.3.1.29 23403810
55. Peanut allergy: Clinical and immunologic differences among patients from 3 different geographic regions. A Vereda, M van Hage, S Ahlstedt, MD Ibanez, J Cuesta-Herranz, J van Odijk, M Wickman, HA Sampson, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011 127 603 607 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.09.010 21093026
56. Anaphylaxis from ingestion of mites: pancake anaphylaxis. M Sanchez-Borges, R Suarez Chacon, A Capriles-Hulett, F Caballero-Fonseca, E Fernandez-Caldas, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013 131 31 35 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.09.026 23154081
57. Anaphylaxis to cow's milk formula containing short-chain galacto-oligosaccharide. WC Chiang, C-H Huang, GV Llanora, I Gerez, SH Goh, LPC Shek, AJ Nauta, WA Van Doorn, J Bindels, LH Ulfman, K Knipping, DJ Delsing, EF Knol, BW Lee, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012 130 1361 1367 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.08.048 23102546
58. Recombinant high molecular weight-glutenin subunit-specific IgE detection is useful in identifying wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis complementary to recombinant omega-5 gliadin-specific IgE test. H Takahashi, H Matsuo, Y Chinuki, K Kohno, A Tanaka, N Maruyama, E Morita, Clin Exp Allergy 2012 42 1293 1298 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.04039.x 22805477
59. Causes of ant sting anaphylaxis in Australia: the Australian Ant Venom Allergy Study. SGA Brown, P van Eeden, MD Wiese, RJ Mullins, GO Solley, R Puy, RW Taylor, RJ Heddle, Med J Aust 2011 195 69 73 21770873
60. Drug-induced anaphylaxis: a decade review of reporting to the Portuguese Pharmacovigilance Authority. I Ribeiro-Vaz, J Marques, P Demoly, J Polonia, ER Gomes, Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2013 69 673 681 10.1007/s00228-012-1376-5 22915040
61. Severe drug-induced anaphylaxis: analysis of 333 cases recorded by the Allergy Vigilance Network from 2002 to 2010. J-M Renaudin, E Beaudouin, C Ponvert, P Demoly, D-A Moneret-Vautrin, Allergy 2013 68 929 937 10.1111/all.12168 23741979
62. Anaphylaxis during anesthesia in France: an 8-year national survey. PM Mertes, F Alla, P Trechot, Y Auroy, E Jougla, and the Groupe d'Etudes des Reactions Anaphylactoides Peranesthesiques, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011 128 366 373 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.03.003 21497888
63. IgE-mediated anaphylaxis and allergic reactions to idursulfase in patients with Hunter syndrome. J Kim, MR Park, DS Kim, JO Lee, SH Maeng, SY Cho, Y Han, K Ahn, DK Jin, Allergy 2013 68 796 802 10.1111/all.12155 23621439
64. Anaphylaxis to radiographic contrast media. K Brockow, J Ring, Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2011 11 326 331 10.1097/ACI.0b013e32834877c3 21659863
65. Anaphylaxis caused by helminths: review of the literature. PL Minciullo, A Cascio, A David, LM Pernice, G Calapai, S Gangemi, Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2012 16 1513 1518 23111963
66. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with anaphylactic shock after surgery for cystic echinococcosis. Y Li, H Zheng, X Cao, Z Liu, L Chen, Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011 85 452 455 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0448 21896803
67. Evaluation of National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network criteria for the diagnosis of anaphylaxis in emergency department patients. RL Campbell, JB Hagan, V Manivannan, WW Decker, AR Kanthala, MF Bellolio, VD Smith, JTC Li, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012 129 748 752 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.09.030 22051698
68. Algorithm for the diagnosis of anaphylaxis and its validation using population-based data on emergency department visits for anaphylaxis in Florida. L Harduar-Morano, MR Simon, S Watkins, C Blackmore, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010 126 98 104 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.04.017 20541247
69. Platelet-activating factor, histamine, and tryptase levels in human anaphylaxis. P Vadas, B Perelman, G Liss, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013 131 144 149 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.08.016 23040367
70. Usefulness and limitations of sequential serum tryptase for the diagnosis of anaphylaxis in 102 patients. A Sala-Cunill, V Cardona, M Labrador-Horrillo, O Luengo, O Esteso, T Garriga, M Vicario, M Guilarte, Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2013 160 192 199 10.1159/000339749 23018683
71. Total serum tryptase levels are higher in young infants. W Belhocine, Z Ibrahim, V Grandne, C Buffat, P Robert, D Gras, I Cleach, P Bongrand, P Carayon, J Vitte, Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2011 22 600 607 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2011.01166.x 21736626
72. Glucocorticoids for the treatment of anaphylaxis. KJL Choo, FER Simons, A Sheikh, Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 4 CD007596
73. 1-antihistamines for the treatment of anaphylaxis: Cochrane systematic review. A Sheikh, V Ten Broek, SGA Brown, FER Simons, Allergy 2007 62 830 837 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01435.x 17620060
74. Parenteral antihistamines cause hypotension in anaphylaxis. BC Ellis, SGA Brown, Emerg Med Australas 2013 25 92 93 10.1111/1742-6723.12028 23379461
75. 2-antihistamines for the treatment of anaphylaxis with and without shock: a systematic review. U Nurmatov, E Rhatigan, FER Simons, A Sheikh, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2014 112 126 131 10.1016/j.anai.2013.11.010 24468252
76. Part 1: executive summary: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. JM Field, MF Hazinski, MR Sayre, L Chameides, SM Schexnayder, R Hemphill, RA Samson, J Kattwinkel, RA Berg, F Bhanji, DM Cave, EC Jauch, PJ Kudenchuk, RW Neumar, MA Peberdy, JM Perlman, E Sinz, AH Travers, MD Berg, JE Billi, B Eigel, RW Hickey, ME Kleinman, MS Link, LJ Morrison, RE O'Connor, M Shuster, CW Callaway, B Cucchiara, JD Ferguson, TD Rea, TL Vanden Hoek, Circulation 2010 122 640 S656 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.970889 20956217
77. Effect of epinephrine on platelet-activating factor-stimulated human vascular smooth muscle cells. P Vadas, B Perelman, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012 129 1329 1333 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.02.027 22460068
78. Obesity is not a risk factor for repeat epinephrine use in the treatment of anaphylaxis. SA Rudders, BC Geyer, A Banerji, W Phipatanakul, S Clark, CA Camargo Jr, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012 130 1216 1218 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.08.029 23021879
79. Implementation of anaphylaxis management guidelines: a register-based study. L Grabenhenrich, S Hompes, H Gough, F Rueff, K Scherer, C Pfohler, R Treudler, V Mahler, T Hawranek, K Nemat, A Koehli, T Keil, M Worm, PLoS One 2012 7 35778 10.1371/journal.pone.0035778 22590513
80. Improving anaphylaxis management in a pediatric emergency department. E Arroabarren, EM Lasa, I Olaciregui, C Sarasqueta, JA Munoz, EG Perez-Yarza, Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2011 22 708 714 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2011.01181.x 21672025
81. Anaphylaxis treated in a Canadian pediatric hospital: Incidence, clinical characteristics, triggers, and management. M Ben-Shoshan, S La Vieille, H Eisman, R Alizadehfar, C Mill, E Perkins, L Joseph, J Morris, A Clarke, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013 132 739 741 e3 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.06.016 23900056
82. Colloids versus crystalloids for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients. P Perel, I Roberts, K Ker, Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013 2 CD000567
83. Methylene blue for distributive shock: A potential new use of an old antidote. DH Jang, LS Nelson, RS Hoffman, J Med Toxicol 2013 9 242 249 10.1007/s13181-013-0298-7 23580172
84. Adrenaline auto-injectors for the treatment of anaphylaxis with and without cardiovascular collapse in the community. A Sheikh, FER Simons, V Barbour, A Worth, Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 8 CD008935
85. Food-induced anaphylaxis among commercially insured US adults: patient concordance with postdischarge care guidelines. PB Landsman-Blumberg, W Wei, D Douglas, DM Smith, S Clark, CA Camargo Jr, J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2013 1 595 601 10.1016/j.jaip.2013.07.003 24565706
86. Longitudinal study of 954 patients with stinging insect anaphylaxis. SA Rudders, S Clark, W Wei, CA Camargo Jr, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2013 111 199 204 e1 10.1016/j.anai.2013.06.020 23987196
87. Allergic reactions to foods in preschool-aged children in a prospective observational food allergy study. DM Fleischer, TT Perry, D Atkins, RA Wood, AW Burks, SM Jones, AK Henning, D Stablein, HA Sampson, SH Sicherer, Pediatrics 2012 130 25 e32 10.1542/peds.2011-1762 22732173
88. The use of adrenaline autoinjectors by children and teenagers. L Noimark, J Wales, G Du Toit, C Pastacaldi, D Haddad, J Gardner, W Hyer, G Vance, C Townshend, M Alfaham, PD Arkwright, R Rao, S Kapoor, A Summerfield, JO Warner, G Roberts, Clin Exp Allergy 2012 42 284 292 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03912.x 22181034
89. A real-life study on acquired skills from using an adrenaline autoinjector. E Topal, A Bakirtas, O Yilmaz, IH Ertoy, M Arga, MS Demirsoy, I Turktas, Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2013 160 301 306 10.1159/000341367 23095342
90. Training of trainers on epinephrine autoinjector use. M Arga, A Bakirtas, F Catal, O Derinoz, K Harmanci, CH Razi, S Ergocen, MS Demirsoy, I Turktas, Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2011 22 590 593 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2011.01143.x 21309857
91. A randomized maternal evaluation of epinephrine autoinjection devices. J Brown, D Tuthill, M Alfaham, E Spear, Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2013 24 173 177 10.1111/pai.12048 23448513
92. A majority of parents of children with peanut allergy fear using the epinephrine auto-injector. L Chad, M Ben-Shoshan, Y Asai, S Cherkaoui, R Alizadehfar, Y St-Pierre, L Harada, M Allen, A Clarke, Allergy 2013 68 1605 1609 10.1111/all.12262 24410784
93. Bioavailability of epinephrine from Auvi-Q compared with EpiPen. ES Edwards, R Gunn, FER Simons, K Carr, VM Chinchilli, G Painter, R Goldwater, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2013 111 132 137 10.1016/j.anai.2013.06.002 23886232
94. Auvi-Q versus EpiPen: preferences of adults, caregivers and children. CA Camargo Jr, A Guana, S Wang, FER Simons, J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2013 1 266 272 10.1016/j.jaip.2013.02.004 24565484
95. Timing the transfer of responsibilities for anaphylaxis recognition and use of an epinephrine auto-injector from adults to children and teenagers: pediatric allergists' perspective. E Simons, SH Sicherer, FER Simons, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012 108 321 325 10.1016/j.anai.2012.03.004 22541402
96. Development and validation of educational materials for food allergy. SH Sicherer, PA Vargas, ME Groetch, L Christie, SK Carlisle, S Noone, SM Jones, J Pediatr 2012 160 651 656 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.09.056 22082955
97. Twenty four-hour helpline access to expert management advice for food-allergy-triggered anaphylaxis in infants, children and young people: a pragmatic, randomized controlled trial. MM Kelleher, A Dunn Galvin, A Sheikh, C Cullinane, J Fitzsimons, JO'B Hourihane, Allergy 2013 68 1598 1604 10.1111/all.12310 24410783
98. A systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis of specialist services and adrenaline auto-injectors in anaphylaxis. N Armstrong, R Wolff, G van Mastrigt, N Martinez, AV Hernandez, K Misso, J Kleijnen, Health Technol Assess 2013 17 1 117
99. Food allergy: epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. SH Sicherer, HA Sampson, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014 133 291 307 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.11.020 24388012
100. The skin prick test-European standards. L Heinzerling, A Mari, K-C Bergmann, M Bresciani, G Burbach, U Darsow, S Durham, W Fokkens, M Gjomarkaj, T Haahtela, AT Bom, S Wohrl, H Maibach, R Lockey, Clin Transl Allergy 2013 3 3 10.1186/2045-7022-3-3 23369181
101. Paediatric oral peanut challenges: a comparison of practice in London and Western Switzerland. S Ludman, J Wassenberg, G Du Toit, AT Fox, G Lack, PA Eigenmann, Allergy 2013 68 539 541 10.1111/all.12108 23347121
102. Standardizing double-blind, placebo-controlled oral food challenges: American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology-European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology PRACTALL consensus report. HA Sampson, R Gerth van Wijk, C Bindslev-Jensen, S Sicherer, SS Teuber, AW Burks, AEJ Dubois, K Beyer, PA Eigenmann, JM Spergel, T Werfel, VM Chinchilli, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012 130 1260 1274 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.10.017 23195525
103. Simultaneous intradermal testing with hymenoptera venoms is safe and more efficient than sequential testing. B Strohmeier, W Aberer, D Bokanovic, P Komericki, GJ Sturm, Allergy 2013 68 542 544 10.1111/all.12123 23405953
104. World Allergy Organization international survey on diagnostic procedures and therapies in drug allergy/hypersensitivity. BY Thong, R Mirakian, M Castells, W Pichler, A Romano, P Bonadonna, D Diana, M Kowalski, A Yanez, R Lleonart, M Sanchez-Borges, P Demoly, World Allergy Organ J 2011 4 257 270 10.1097/WOX.0b013e31823dc02c 23268453
105. Hypersensitivity reactions to non beta-lactam antimicrobial agents, a statement of the WAO special committee on drug allergy. M Sanchez-Borges, B Thong, M Blanca, LF Ensina, S Gonzalez-Diaz, PA Greenberger, E Jares, Y-K Jee, L Kase-Tanno, D Khan, J-W Park, W Pichler, A Romano, MJ Jaen, World Allergy Organ J 2013 6 18 10.1186/1939-4551-6-18 24175948
106. Early skin testing is effective for diagnosis of hypersensitivity reactions occurring during anesthesia. A Lafuente, G Javaloyes, F Berroa, MJ Goikoetxea, R Moncada, JM Nunez-Cordoba, P Cabrera-Freitag, C D'Amelio, ML Sanz, G Gastaminza, Allergy 2013 68 820 822 10.1111/all.12154 23646901
107. Parental perceptions and dietary adherence in children with seafood allergy. IE Ng, PJ Turner, AS Kemp, DE Campbell, Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2011 22 720 728 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2011.01189.x 21749460
108. ASCIA guidelines for prevention of anaphylaxis in schools, pre-schools and childcare: 2012 update. S Vale, J Smith, M Said, G Dunne, R Mullins, R Loh, J Paediatr Child Health 2013 49 342 345 10.1111/jpc.12166 23647764
109. The strategies that peanut and nut-allergic consumers employ to remain safe when travelling abroad. J Barnett, N Botting, MH Gowland, JS Lucas, Clin Transl Allergy 2012 2 12 10.1186/2045-7022-2-12 22776751
110. The psychosocial impact of food allergy and food hypersensitivity in children, adolescents and their families: a review. AJ Cummings, RC Knibb, RM King, JS Lucas, Allergy 2010 65 933 945 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02342.x 20180792
111. Child and parental reports of bullying in a consecutive sample of children with food allergy. E Shemesh, RA Annunziato, MA Ambrose, NL Ravid, C Mullarkey, M Rubes, K Chuang, M Sicherer, SH Sicherer, Pediatrics 2013 131 10 e17 10.1542/peds.2012-1180 23266926
112. Venom immunotherapy for preventing allergic reactions to insect stings. RJ Boyle, M Elremeli, J Hockenhull, MG Cherry, MK Bulsara, M Daniels, JNG Oude Elberink, Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 10 CD008838
113. Honeybee venom immunotherapy: certainties and pitfalls. MB Bilo, L Antonicelli, F Bonifazi, Immunotherapy 2012 4 1153 1166 10.2217/imt.12.113 23194365
114. Ultrarush versus semirush initiation of insect venom immunotherapy: a randomized controlled trial. SGA Brown, MD Wiese, P van Eeden, SF Stone, CL Chuter, J Gunner, T Wanandy, M Phillips, RJ Heddle, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012 130 162 168 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.02.022 22460067
115. Management of occupational Hymenoptera allergy. F Rueff, R Chatelain, B Przybilla, Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2011 11 69 74 10.1097/ACI.0b013e3283445772 21368617
116. Venom immunotherapy in patients with clonal mast cell disorders: efficacy, safety, and practical considerations. P Bonadonna, D Gonzalez-de-Olano, R Zanotti, AM Riccio, A Matito, A Vega, G Passalacqua, J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2013 1 474 478 10.1016/j.jaip.2013.06.014 24565619
117. Desensitization regimens for drug allergy: state of the art in the 21st century. A Liu, L Fanning, H Chong, J Fernandez, D Sloane, M Sancho-Serra, M Castells, Clin Exp Allergy 2011 41 1679 1689 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03825.x 21883538
118. Survival from perioperative anaphylaxis in Western Australia 2000-2009. NM Gibbs, PH Sadleir, RC Clarke, PR Platt, Br J Anaesthesia 2013 111 589 593 10.1093/bja/aet117
119. Oral immunotherapy for the treatment of peanut allergy: is it ready for prime time? RA Wood, HA Sampson, J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2014 2 97 98 10.1016/j.jaip.2013.11.010 24565776
120. State of the art on food allergen immunotherapy: oral, sublingual, and epicutaneous. SM Jones, AW Burks, C Dupont, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014 133 318 323 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.12.1040 24636471
121. A pilot study of omalizumab to facilitate rapid oral desensitization in high-risk peanut-allergic patients. LC Schneider, R Rachid, J Lebovidge, E Blood, M Mittal, DT Umetsu, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013 132 1368 1374 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.09.046 24176117
122. Outcomes of premedication for non-ionic radio-contrast media hypersensitivity reactions in Korea. S-H Kim, S-H Lee, S-M Lee, H-R Kang, H-W Park, S-S Kim, S-H Cho, K-U Min, Y-Y Kim, Y-S Chang, Eur J Radiol 2011 80 363 367 10.1016/j.ejrad.2010.06.014 20619990
123. Low-dose adrenaline, promethazine, and hydrocortisone in the prevention of acute adverse reactions to antivenom following snakebite: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. HA de Silva, A Pathmeswaran, CD Ranasinha, S Jayamanne, SB Samarakoon, A Hittharage, R Kalupahana, GA Ratnatilaka, W Uluwatthage, JK Aronson, JM Armitage, DG Lalloo, HJ de Silva, PLoS Med 2011 8 1000435 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000435 21572992
124. 1-antihistamine preventive medication during honeybee venom immunotherapy. UR Muller, M Jutel, A Reimers, J Zumkehr, C Huber, C Kriegel, U Steiner, G Haeberli, M Akdis, A Helbling, B Schnyder, K Blaser, C Akdis, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008 122 1001 1007 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.08.007 18845330
125. Global paediatric advanced life support: improving child survival in limited-resource settings. ME Ralston, LT Day, TM Slusher, NL Musa, HS Doss, Lancet 2013 381 256 265 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61191-X 23332963
126. Pocket Book of Hospital care for children, Guidelines for the management of common childhood illnesses Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization 2 2013 108 109
127. A normal capillary refill time of ≤ 2 seconds is associated with superior vena cava oxygen saturations of ≥ 70%. PL Raimer, YY Han, MS Weber, GM Annich, JR Custer, J Pediatr 2011 158 968 972 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.11.062 21238980
128. Oxygen is an essential medicine: a call for international action. T Duke, SM Graham, MN Cherian, AS Ginsburg, M English, S Howie, D Peel, PM Enarson, IH Wilson, W Were, Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2010 14 1362 1368 20937173
129. Implementation of an oxygen concentrator system in district hospital paediatric wards throughout Malawi. P Enarson, S La Vincente, R Gie, E Maganga, C Chokani, Bull World Health Organ 2008 86 344 348 10.2471/BLT.07.048017 18545736
130. Global initiatives for improving hospital care for children: state of the art and future prospects. H Campbell, T Duke, M Weber, M English, S Carai, G Tamburlini, Pediatrics 2008 121 984 992 10.1542/peds.2007-1395 18381526