메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 1, 2014, Pages

The influence of functional electrical stimulation on hand motor recovery in stroke patients: A review

Author keywords

FES; Functional electrical stimulation; Hand; Neuromuscular electrical stimulation; Neuroprothesis; NMES; Rehabilitation; Stroke; Upper extremity

Indexed keywords

ANTERIOR HORN CELL; ANTIDROMIC STIMULATION; BOLD SIGNAL; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CONVALESCENCE; DEPOLARIZATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; ELECTRIC CURRENT; ELECTRICITY; ELECTRODE; ELECTROMYOGRAM; FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION; FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; HAND FUNCTION; HAND MOTOR RECOVERY; HEBB TYPE SYNAPSE; HUMAN; LONG TERM CARE; MOTOR CONTROL; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE FATIGUE; MUSCLE STRENGTH; MUSCLE TWITCH; NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; NEUROPHYSIOLOGY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; POSTCENTRAL GYRUS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PYRAMIDAL TRACT; REVIEW; SENSORIMOTOR CORTEX; SPASTICITY; SPATIAL SUMMATION; STROKE PATIENT; SYNAPSE; TEMPORAL SUMMATION;

EID: 84910075168     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20407378     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/2040-7378-6-9     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (125)

References (84)
  • 1
    • 0018580322 scopus 로고
    • Electrical stimulation of wrist and fingers for hemiplegic patients
    • Baker LL, Yeh C, Wilson D, Waters RL. Electrical stimulation of wrist and fingers for hemiplegic patients. Phys Ther 1979, 59:1495-1499.
    • (1979) Phys Ther , vol.59 , pp. 1495-1499
    • Baker, L.L.1    Yeh, C.2    Wilson, D.3    Waters, R.L.4
  • 3
    • 84880772952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a non-invasive, multifunctional grasp neuroprosthesis and its evaluation in an individual with a high spinal cord injury
    • Rupp R, Kreilinger A, Rohm M, Kaiser V, Müller-Putz GR. Development of a non-invasive, multifunctional grasp neuroprosthesis and its evaluation in an individual with a high spinal cord injury. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2012, 2012:1835-1838.
    • (2012) Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc , vol.2012 , pp. 1835-1838
    • Rupp, R.1    Kreilinger, A.2    Rohm, M.3    Kaiser, V.4    Müller-Putz, G.R.5
  • 4
    • 79952652964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional electrical stimulation therapy for grasping in traumatic incomplete spinal cord injury: randomized control trial
    • Kapadia NM, Zivanovic V, Furlan JC, Craven BC, McGillivray C, Popovic MR. Functional electrical stimulation therapy for grasping in traumatic incomplete spinal cord injury: randomized control trial. Artif Organs 2011, 35:212-216.
    • (2011) Artif Organs , vol.35 , pp. 212-216
    • Kapadia, N.M.1    Zivanovic, V.2    Furlan, J.C.3    Craven, B.C.4    McGillivray, C.5    Popovic, M.R.6
  • 7
    • 0036314493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persisting consequences of stroke measured by the Stroke Impact Scale
    • Lai S-M, Studenski S, Duncan PW, Perera S. Persisting consequences of stroke measured by the Stroke Impact Scale. Stroke 2002, 33:1840-1844.
    • (2002) Stroke , vol.33 , pp. 1840-1844
    • Lai, S.-M.1    Studenski, S.2    Duncan, P.W.3    Perera, S.4
  • 8
    • 0034091183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic motor dysfunction after stroke: recovering wrist and finger extension by electromyography-triggered neuromuscular stimulation
    • Cauraugh J, Light K, Kim S, Thigpen M, Behrman A. Chronic motor dysfunction after stroke: recovering wrist and finger extension by electromyography-triggered neuromuscular stimulation. Stroke 2000, 31:1360-1364.
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , pp. 1360-1364
    • Cauraugh, J.1    Light, K.2    Kim, S.3    Thigpen, M.4    Behrman, A.5
  • 10
    • 0031923626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electromyogram-triggered neuromuscular stimulation for improving the arm function of acute stroke survivors: a randomized pilot study
    • Francisco G, Chae J, Chawla H, Kirshblum S, Zorowitz R, Lewis G, Pang S. Electromyogram-triggered neuromuscular stimulation for improving the arm function of acute stroke survivors: a randomized pilot study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1998, 79:570-575.
    • (1998) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.79 , pp. 570-575
    • Francisco, G.1    Chae, J.2    Chawla, H.3    Kirshblum, S.4    Zorowitz, R.5    Lewis, G.6    Pang, S.7
  • 11
    • 0032985242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrical stimulation of wrist extensors in poststroke hemiplegia
    • Powell J, Pandyan AD, Granat M, Cameron M, Stott DJ. Electrical stimulation of wrist extensors in poststroke hemiplegia. Stroke 1999, 30:1384-1389.
    • (1999) Stroke , vol.30 , pp. 1384-1389
    • Powell, J.1    Pandyan, A.D.2    Granat, M.3    Cameron, M.4    Stott, D.J.5
  • 12
    • 84883882454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myoelectrically driven functional electrical stimulation may increase motor recovery of upper limb in poststroke subjects: a randomized controlled pilot study
    • Thorsen R, Cortesi M, Jonsdottir J, Carpinella I, Morelli D, Casiraghi A, Puglia M, Diverio M, Ferrarin M. Myoelectrically driven functional electrical stimulation may increase motor recovery of upper limb in poststroke subjects: a randomized controlled pilot study. J Rehabil Res Dev 2013, 50:785-794.
    • (2013) J Rehabil Res Dev , vol.50 , pp. 785-794
    • Thorsen, R.1    Cortesi, M.2    Jonsdottir, J.3    Carpinella, I.4    Morelli, D.5    Casiraghi, A.6    Puglia, M.7    Diverio, M.8    Ferrarin, M.9
  • 13
    • 55249123137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrical stimulation of the upper extremity in stroke: cyclic versus EMG-triggered stimulation
    • de Kroon JR, IJzerman MJ. Electrical stimulation of the upper extremity in stroke: cyclic versus EMG-triggered stimulation. Clin Rehabil 2008, 22:690.
    • (2008) Clin Rehabil , vol.22 , pp. 690
    • de Kroon, J.R.1    IJzerman, M.J.2
  • 14
    • 84879468106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled trial of surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation applied early after acute stroke: effects on wrist pain, spasticity and contractures
    • Malhotra S, Rosewilliam S, Hermens H, Roffe C, Jones P, Pandyan AD. A randomized controlled trial of surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation applied early after acute stroke: effects on wrist pain, spasticity and contractures. Clin Rehabil 2013, 27:578-578.
    • (2013) Clin Rehabil , vol.27 , pp. 578-578
    • Malhotra, S.1    Rosewilliam, S.2    Hermens, H.3    Roffe, C.4    Jones, P.5    Pandyan, A.D.6
  • 15
    • 13444254129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlled study of neuroprosthetic functional electrical stimulation in sub-acute post-stroke rehabilitation
    • Ring H, Rosenthal N. Controlled study of neuroprosthetic functional electrical stimulation in sub-acute post-stroke rehabilitation. J Rehabil Med 2005, 37:32-36.
    • (2005) J Rehabil Med , vol.37 , pp. 32-36
    • Ring, H.1    Rosenthal, N.2
  • 17
  • 21
    • 49749123506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of finger forces and wrist torques for functional grasp using new multichannel textile neuroprostheses
    • Lawrence M, Gross G-P, Lang M, Kuhn A, Keller T, Morari M. Assessment of finger forces and wrist torques for functional grasp using new multichannel textile neuroprostheses. Artif Organs 2008, 32:634-638.
    • (2008) Artif Organs , vol.32 , pp. 634-638
    • Lawrence, M.1    Gross, G.-P.2    Lang, M.3    Kuhn, A.4    Keller, T.5    Morari, M.6
  • 23
    • 84862594340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuromuscular electrical stimulation to augment reach and hand opening after stroke
    • Makowski NS, Knutson JS, Chae J, Crago P. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation to augment reach and hand opening after stroke. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2011, 2011:3055-3058.
    • (2011) Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc , vol.2011 , pp. 3055-3058
    • Makowski, N.S.1    Knutson, J.S.2    Chae, J.3    Crago, P.4
  • 24
    • 78650810317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the road to a neuroprosthetic hand: a novel hand grasp orthosis based on functional electrical stimulation
    • Leeb R, Gubler M, Tavella M, Miller H, Del Millan JR. On the road to a neuroprosthetic hand: a novel hand grasp orthosis based on functional electrical stimulation. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2010, 2010:146-149.
    • (2010) Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc , vol.2010 , pp. 146-149
    • Leeb, R.1    Gubler, M.2    Tavella, M.3    Miller, H.4    Del Millan, J.R.5
  • 25
    • 34247378564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional Electrical Stimulation Enhancement of Upper Extremity Functional Recovery During Stroke Rehabilitation: A Pilot Study
    • Alon G, Levitt AF, McCarthy PA. Functional Electrical Stimulation Enhancement of Upper Extremity Functional Recovery During Stroke Rehabilitation: A Pilot Study. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2007, 21:207-215.
    • (2007) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.21 , pp. 207-215
    • Alon, G.1    Levitt, A.F.2    McCarthy, P.A.3
  • 26
    • 84856373958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longer versus shorter daily durations of electrical stimulation during task-specific practice in moderately impaired stroke
    • Page SJ, Levin L, Hermann V, Dunning K, Levine P. Longer versus shorter daily durations of electrical stimulation during task-specific practice in moderately impaired stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012, 93:200-206.
    • (2012) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.93 , pp. 200-206
    • Page, S.J.1    Levin, L.2    Hermann, V.3    Dunning, K.4    Levine, P.5
  • 27
    • 15944401697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between stimulation characteristics and clinical outcome in studies using electrical stimulation to improve motor control of the upper extremity in stroke
    • de Kroon JR, IJzerman MJ, Chae J, Lankhorst GJ, Zilvold G. Relation between stimulation characteristics and clinical outcome in studies using electrical stimulation to improve motor control of the upper extremity in stroke. J Rehabil Med 2005, 37:65-74.
    • (2005) J Rehabil Med , vol.37 , pp. 65-74
    • de Kroon, J.R.1    IJzerman, M.J.2    Chae, J.3    Lankhorst, G.J.4    Zilvold, G.5
  • 28
    • 84901636104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation System for the Upper Limbs in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Feasibility Study
    • Noma T, Matsumoto S, Shimodozono M, Iwase Y, Kawahira K. Novel Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation System for the Upper Limbs in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Feasibility Study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2014, 93(6):503-10.
    • (2014) Am J Phys Med Rehabil , vol.93 , Issue.6 , pp. 503-510
    • Noma, T.1    Matsumoto, S.2    Shimodozono, M.3    Iwase, Y.4    Kawahira, K.5
  • 29
    • 84866982157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of wide pulse neuromuscular electrical stimulation on elbow flexion torque in individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke
    • Clair-Auger JM, Collins DF, Dewald JPA. The effects of wide pulse neuromuscular electrical stimulation on elbow flexion torque in individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke. Clin Neurophysiol 2012, 123:2247-2255.
    • (2012) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.123 , pp. 2247-2255
    • Clair-Auger, J.M.1    Collins, D.F.2    Dewald, J.P.A.3
  • 30
    • 84883053299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of electromyography-controlled functional electrical stimulation on upper extremity function and cortical perfusion in stroke patients
    • Hara Y, Obayashi S, Tsujiuchi K, Muraoka Y. The effects of electromyography-controlled functional electrical stimulation on upper extremity function and cortical perfusion in stroke patients. Clin Neurophysiol 2013, 124:2008-2015.
    • (2013) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.124 , pp. 2008-2015
    • Hara, Y.1    Obayashi, S.2    Tsujiuchi, K.3    Muraoka, Y.4
  • 32
    • 84860601054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of electrical stimulation therapy on upper extremity functional recovery and cerebral cortical changes in patients with chronic hemiplegia
    • Sasaki K, Matsunaga T, Tomite T, Yoshikawa T, Shimada Y. Effect of electrical stimulation therapy on upper extremity functional recovery and cerebral cortical changes in patients with chronic hemiplegia. Biomed Res 2012, 33:89-96.
    • (2012) Biomed Res , vol.33 , pp. 89-96
    • Sasaki, K.1    Matsunaga, T.2    Tomite, T.3    Yoshikawa, T.4    Shimada, Y.5
  • 33
    • 48949088181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical effect and functional recovery by the electromyography-triggered neuromuscular stimulation in chronic stroke patients
    • Shin HK, Cho SH, Jeon H-S, Lee Y-H, Song JC, Jang SH, Lee C-H, Kwon YH. Cortical effect and functional recovery by the electromyography-triggered neuromuscular stimulation in chronic stroke patients. Neurosci Lett 2008, 442:174-179.
    • (2008) Neurosci Lett , vol.442 , pp. 174-179
    • Shin, H.K.1    Cho, S.H.2    Jeon, H.-S.3    Lee, Y.-H.4    Song, J.C.5    Jang, S.H.6    Lee, C.-H.7    Kwon, Y.H.8
  • 35
    • 33845880406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional potential in chronic stroke patients depends on corticospinal tract integrity
    • Stinear CM, Barber PA, Smale PR, Coxon JP, Fleming MK, Byblow WD. Functional potential in chronic stroke patients depends on corticospinal tract integrity. Brain 2007, 130:170-180.
    • (2007) Brain , vol.130 , pp. 170-180
    • Stinear, C.M.1    Barber, P.A.2    Smale, P.R.3    Coxon, J.P.4    Fleming, M.K.5    Byblow, W.D.6
  • 36
    • 84855424349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of motor-related neural activity after stroke
    • Rehme AK, Eickhoff SB, Rottschy C, Fink GR, Grefkes C. Activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of motor-related neural activity after stroke. Neuroimage 2012, 59:2771-2782.
    • (2012) Neuroimage , vol.59 , pp. 2771-2782
    • Rehme, A.K.1    Eickhoff, S.B.2    Rottschy, C.3    Fink, G.R.4    Grefkes, C.5
  • 37
    • 10044297397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying recovery of motor function after stroke
    • Ward NS, Cohen LG. Mechanisms underlying recovery of motor function after stroke. Arch Neurol 2004, 61:1844-1848.
    • (2004) Arch Neurol , vol.61 , pp. 1844-1848
    • Ward, N.S.1    Cohen, L.G.2
  • 38
    • 0038015499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural correlates of outcome after stroke: a cross-sectional fMRI study
    • Ward NS. Neural correlates of outcome after stroke: a cross-sectional fMRI study. Brain 2003, 126:1430-1448.
    • (2003) Brain , vol.126 , pp. 1430-1448
    • Ward, N.S.1
  • 39
    • 0026826206 scopus 로고
    • Immediate and Delayed Changes of Rat Motor Cortical Output Representation with New Forelimb Configurations
    • Sanes JN, Wang J, Donoghue JP. Immediate and Delayed Changes of Rat Motor Cortical Output Representation with New Forelimb Configurations. Cereb Cortex 1992, 2:141-152.
    • (1992) Cereb Cortex , vol.2 , pp. 141-152
    • Sanes, J.N.1    Wang, J.2    Donoghue, J.P.3
  • 40
    • 0034109892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in muscle responses to stimulation of the motor cortex induced by peripheral nerve stimulation in human subjects
    • Ridding MC, Brouwer B, Miles TS, Pitcher JB, Thompson PD. Changes in muscle responses to stimulation of the motor cortex induced by peripheral nerve stimulation in human subjects. Exp Brain Res 2000, 131:135-143.
    • (2000) Exp Brain Res , vol.131 , pp. 135-143
    • Ridding, M.C.1    Brouwer, B.2    Miles, T.S.3    Pitcher, J.B.4    Thompson, P.D.5
  • 41
    • 0037213019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional electrical stimulation and rehabilitation-an hypothesis
    • Rushton DN. Functional electrical stimulation and rehabilitation-an hypothesis. Med Eng Phys 2003, 25:75-78.
    • (2003) Med Eng Phys , vol.25 , pp. 75-78
    • Rushton, D.N.1
  • 42
    • 41849103827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repairing the human brain after stroke: I. Mechanisms of spontaneous recovery
    • Cramer SC. Repairing the human brain after stroke: I. Mechanisms of spontaneous recovery. Ann Neurol 2008, 63:272-287.
    • (2008) Ann Neurol , vol.63 , pp. 272-287
    • Cramer, S.C.1
  • 43
    • 44849123458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repairing the human brain after stroke. II Restorative therapies
    • Cramer SC. Repairing the human brain after stroke. II Restorative therapies. Ann Neurol 2008, 63:549-560.
    • (2008) Ann Neurol , vol.63 , pp. 549-560
    • Cramer, S.C.1
  • 44
    • 0034953320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of adaptive plasticity in recovery of function after damage to motor cortex
    • Nudo RJ, Plautz EJ, Frost SB. Role of adaptive plasticity in recovery of function after damage to motor cortex. Muscle Nerve 2001, 24:1000-1019.
    • (2001) Muscle Nerve , vol.24 , pp. 1000-1019
    • Nudo, R.J.1    Plautz, E.J.2    Frost, S.B.3
  • 46
    • 0032440820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional reorganization of the rat motor cortex following motor skill learning
    • Kleim JA, Barbay S, Nudo RJ. Functional reorganization of the rat motor cortex following motor skill learning. J Neurophysiol 1998, 80:3321-3325.
    • (1998) J Neurophysiol , vol.80 , pp. 3321-3325
    • Kleim, J.A.1    Barbay, S.2    Nudo, R.J.3
  • 48
    • 84857313103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contralaterally controlled functional electrical stimulation for upper extremity hemiplegia: an early-phase randomized clinical trial in subacute stroke patients
    • Knutson JS, Harley MY, Hisel TZ, Hogan SD, Maloney MM, Chae J. Contralaterally controlled functional electrical stimulation for upper extremity hemiplegia: an early-phase randomized clinical trial in subacute stroke patients. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2012, 26:239-246.
    • (2012) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.26 , pp. 239-246
    • Knutson, J.S.1    Harley, M.Y.2    Hisel, T.Z.3    Hogan, S.D.4    Maloney, M.M.5    Chae, J.6
  • 51
    • 84859258758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precise temporal association between cortical potentials evoked by motor imagination and afference induces cortical plasticity
    • Mrachacz-Kersting N, Kristensen SR, Niazi IK, Farina D. Precise temporal association between cortical potentials evoked by motor imagination and afference induces cortical plasticity. J Physiol 2012, 590:1669-1682.
    • (2012) J Physiol , vol.590 , pp. 1669-1682
    • Mrachacz-Kersting, N.1    Kristensen, S.R.2    Niazi, I.K.3    Farina, D.4
  • 52
    • 52449115637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical excitability changes following grasping exercise augmented with electrical stimulation
    • Barsi GI, Popovic DB, Tarkka IM, Sinkjaer T, Grey MJ. Cortical excitability changes following grasping exercise augmented with electrical stimulation. Exp Brain Res 2008, 191:57-66.
    • (2008) Exp Brain Res , vol.191 , pp. 57-66
    • Barsi, G.I.1    Popovic, D.B.2    Tarkka, I.M.3    Sinkjaer, T.4    Grey, M.J.5
  • 53
    • 84865605210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical changes after mental imagery training combined with electromyography-triggered electrical stimulation in patients with chronic stroke
    • Hong IK, Choi JB, Lee JH. Cortical changes after mental imagery training combined with electromyography-triggered electrical stimulation in patients with chronic stroke. Stroke 2012, 43:2506-2509.
    • (2012) Stroke , vol.43 , pp. 2506-2509
    • Hong, I.K.1    Choi, J.B.2    Lee, J.H.3
  • 56
    • 70450267518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasticity during stroke recovery: from synapse to behaviour
    • Murphy TH, Corbett D. Plasticity during stroke recovery: from synapse to behaviour. Nat Rev Neurosci 2009, 10:861-872.
    • (2009) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 861-872
    • Murphy, T.H.1    Corbett, D.2
  • 57
    • 33646337394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular and molecular mechanisms of neural repair after stroke: Making waves
    • Carmichael ST. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of neural repair after stroke: Making waves. Ann Neurol 2006, 59:735-742.
    • (2006) Ann Neurol , vol.59 , pp. 735-742
    • Carmichael, S.T.1
  • 58
    • 0036897551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Widespread and Long-Lasting Alterations in GABAA-Receptor Subtypes After Focal Cortical Infarcts in Rats: Mediation by NMDA-Dependent Processes
    • Redecker C, Wang W, Fritschy J-M, Witte OW. Widespread and Long-Lasting Alterations in GABAA-Receptor Subtypes After Focal Cortical Infarcts in Rats: Mediation by NMDA-Dependent Processes. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 2002, 22:1463-1475.
    • (2002) Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism , vol.22 , pp. 1463-1475
    • Redecker, C.1    Wang, W.2    Fritschy, J.-M.3    Witte, O.W.4
  • 59
    • 0842281813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of rehabilitative experience declines with time after focal ischemic brain injury
    • Biernaskie J, Chernenko G, Corbett D. Efficacy of rehabilitative experience declines with time after focal ischemic brain injury. J Neurosci 2004, 24:1245-1254.
    • (2004) J Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 1245-1254
    • Biernaskie, J.1    Chernenko, G.2    Corbett, D.3
  • 61
    • 17244379193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rehabilitation after Stroke
    • Dobkin BH. Rehabilitation after Stroke. N Engl J Med 2005, 352:1677-1684.
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.352 , pp. 1677-1684
    • Dobkin, B.H.1
  • 62
    • 58149168865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel functional electrical stimulation treatment for recovery of hand function in hemiplegia: 12-week pilot study
    • Knutson JS, Hisel TZ, Harley MY, Chae J. A novel functional electrical stimulation treatment for recovery of hand function in hemiplegia: 12-week pilot study. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2009, 23:17-25.
    • (2009) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.23 , pp. 17-25
    • Knutson, J.S.1    Hisel, T.Z.2    Harley, M.Y.3    Chae, J.4
  • 63
    • 84892775129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of EMG triggered electrical stimulation plus task practice on arm function in chronic stroke patients with moderate-severe arm deficits
    • Singer BJ, Vallence A-M, Cleary S, Cooper I, Loftus AM. The effect of EMG triggered electrical stimulation plus task practice on arm function in chronic stroke patients with moderate-severe arm deficits. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2013, 31:681-691.
    • (2013) Restor Neurol Neurosci , vol.31 , pp. 681-691
    • Singer, B.J.1    Vallence, A.-M.2    Cleary, S.3    Cooper, I.4    Loftus, A.M.5
  • 64
    • 0142026195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic stroke motor recovery: duration of active neuromuscular stimulation
    • Cauraugh JH, Kim SB. Chronic stroke motor recovery: duration of active neuromuscular stimulation. J Neurol Sci 2003, 215:13-19.
    • (2003) J Neurol Sci , vol.215 , pp. 13-19
    • Cauraugh, J.H.1    Kim, S.B.2
  • 65
    • 0031981951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuromuscular stimulation for upper extremity motor and functional recovery in acute hemiplegia
    • Chae J, Bethoux F, Bohine T, Dobos L, Davis T, Friedl A. Neuromuscular stimulation for upper extremity motor and functional recovery in acute hemiplegia. Stroke 1998, 29:975-979.
    • (1998) Stroke , vol.29 , pp. 975-979
    • Chae, J.1    Bethoux, F.2    Bohine, T.3    Dobos, L.4    Davis, T.5    Friedl, A.6
  • 66
    • 84866405504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can Surface Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation of the Wrist and Hand Combined With Routine Therapy Facilitate Recovery of Arm Function in Patients With Stroke?
    • Rosewilliam S, Malhotra S, Roffe C, Jones P, Pandyan AD. Can Surface Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation of the Wrist and Hand Combined With Routine Therapy Facilitate Recovery of Arm Function in Patients With Stroke?. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012, 93:1715-1721.e1.
    • (2012) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.93 , pp. 1715-1721.e1
    • Rosewilliam, S.1    Malhotra, S.2    Roffe, C.3    Jones, P.4    Pandyan, A.D.5
  • 68
    • 43549118634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of EMG-triggered neuromuscular stimulation of the wrist and finger extensors of the paretic hand after stroke: a systematic review of the literature
    • Meilink A, Hemmen B, Seelen HAM, Kwakkel G. Impact of EMG-triggered neuromuscular stimulation of the wrist and finger extensors of the paretic hand after stroke: a systematic review of the literature. Clin Rehabil 2008, 22:291-305.
    • (2008) Clin Rehabil , vol.22 , pp. 291-305
    • Meilink, A.1    Hemmen, B.2    Seelen, H.A.M.3    Kwakkel, G.4
  • 69
    • 0036278188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two coupled motor recovery protocols are better than one: electromyogram-triggered neuromuscular stimulation and bilateral movements
    • Cauraugh JH, Kim S. Two coupled motor recovery protocols are better than one: electromyogram-triggered neuromuscular stimulation and bilateral movements. Stroke 2002, 33:1589-1594.
    • (2002) Stroke , vol.33 , pp. 1589-1594
    • Cauraugh, J.H.1    Kim, S.2
  • 71
    • 84873862159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of intensive functional electrical stimulation therapy on upper-limb motor recovery after stroke: case study of a patient with chronic stroke
    • Kawashima N, Popovic MR, Zivanovic V. Effect of intensive functional electrical stimulation therapy on upper-limb motor recovery after stroke: case study of a patient with chronic stroke. Physiother Can 2013, 65:20-28.
    • (2013) Physiother Can , vol.65 , pp. 20-28
    • Kawashima, N.1    Popovic, M.R.2    Zivanovic, V.3
  • 72
    • 64549161922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of voluntary arm recovery in hemiparetic stroke: critical predictors for meaningful outcomes using the international classification of functioning, disability, and health
    • Chen S-Y, Winstein CJ. A systematic review of voluntary arm recovery in hemiparetic stroke: critical predictors for meaningful outcomes using the international classification of functioning, disability, and health. J Neurol Phys Ther 2009, 33:2-13.
    • (2009) J Neurol Phys Ther , vol.33 , pp. 2-13
    • Chen, S.-Y.1    Winstein, C.J.2
  • 73
    • 58149149788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting hand motor recovery in severe stroke: the role of motor evoked potentials in relation to early clinical assessment
    • van Kuijk AA, Pasman JW, Hendricks HT, Zwarts MJ, Geurts ACH. Predicting hand motor recovery in severe stroke: the role of motor evoked potentials in relation to early clinical assessment. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2009, 23:45-51.
    • (2009) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.23 , pp. 45-51
    • van Kuijk, A.A.1    Pasman, J.W.2    Hendricks, H.T.3    Zwarts, M.J.4    Geurts, A.C.H.5
  • 75
    • 84873693009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward an epidemiology of poststroke spasticity
    • Wissel J, Manack A, Brainin M. Toward an epidemiology of poststroke spasticity. Neurology 2013, 80:S13-9.
    • (2013) Neurology , vol.80 , pp. S13-S19
    • Wissel, J.1    Manack, A.2    Brainin, M.3
  • 76
    • 84873623893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of spasticity in stroke
    • Burke D, Wissel J, Donnan GA. Pathophysiology of spasticity in stroke. Neurology 2013, 80:S20-6.
    • (2013) Neurology , vol.80 , pp. S20-S26
    • Burke, D.1    Wissel, J.2    Donnan, G.A.3
  • 77
    • 84886777319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for stroke rehabilitation: is spinal plasticity a possible mechanism associated with diminished spasticity?
    • Motta-Oishi AAP, Magalhães FH, Mícolis de Azevedo F. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for stroke rehabilitation: is spinal plasticity a possible mechanism associated with diminished spasticity?. Med Hypotheses 2013, 81:784-788.
    • (2013) Med Hypotheses , vol.81 , pp. 784-788
    • Motta-Oishi, A.A.P.1    Magalhães, F.H.2    Mícolis de Azevedo, F.3
  • 79
  • 80
    • 17744389202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of spastic paresis. I: Paresis and soft tissue changes
    • Gracies J-M. Pathophysiology of spastic paresis. I: Paresis and soft tissue changes. Muscle Nerve 2005, 31:535-551.
    • (2005) Muscle Nerve , vol.31 , pp. 535-551
    • Gracies, J.-M.1
  • 81
    • 0031747247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evident trans-synaptic degeneration of motor neurons after stroke: a study of neuromuscular jitter by axonal microstimulation
    • Chang CW. Evident trans-synaptic degeneration of motor neurons after stroke: a study of neuromuscular jitter by axonal microstimulation. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1998, 109:199-202.
    • (1998) Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.109 , pp. 199-202
    • Chang, C.W.1
  • 82
    • 0347360130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physiological functional loss of single thenar motor units in the stroke patients: when does it occur? Does it progress?
    • Hara Y, Masakado Y, Chino N. The physiological functional loss of single thenar motor units in the stroke patients: when does it occur? Does it progress?. Clin Neurophysiol 2004, 115:97-103.
    • (2004) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.115 , pp. 97-103
    • Hara, Y.1    Masakado, Y.2    Chino, N.3
  • 83
    • 0037587228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intramuscular hand neuroprosthesis for chronic stroke survivors
    • Chae J, Hart R. Intramuscular hand neuroprosthesis for chronic stroke survivors. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2003, 17:109-117.
    • (2003) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.17 , pp. 109-117
    • Chae, J.1    Hart, R.2
  • 84
    • 84863014051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dosage of neuromuscular electrical stimulation: is it a determinant of upper limb functional improvement in stroke patients?
    • Hsu S-S, Hu M-H, Luh J-J, Wang Y-H, Yip P-K, Hsieh C-L. Dosage of neuromuscular electrical stimulation: is it a determinant of upper limb functional improvement in stroke patients?. J Rehabil Med 2012, 44:125-130.
    • (2012) J Rehabil Med , vol.44 , pp. 125-130
    • Hsu, S.-S.1    Hu, M.-H.2    Luh, J.-J.3    Wang, Y.-H.4    Yip, P.-K.5    Hsieh, C.-L.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.