메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 9, 2014, Pages 518-528

Mechanism-based treatment in complex regional pain syndromes

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCYSTEINE; ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BISPHOSPHONIC ACID DERIVATIVE; BRADYKININ; CALCITONIN GENE RELATED PEPTIDE; CARBAMAZEPINE; CLONIDINE; CORTICOSTEROID DERIVATIVE; DEXTROMETHORPHAN; DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE; GABAPENTIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNOMODULATING AGENT; INFLIXIMAB; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; KETAMINE; LIDOCAINE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; NERVE GROWTH FACTOR; NEUROTRANSMITTER; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; NORADRENALIN; OPIATE DERIVATIVE; PLACEBO; PREDNISONE; PREGABALIN; PROSTAGLANDIN E2; SUBSTANCE P; TRAMADOL; UNINDEXED DRUG;

EID: 84908086005     PISSN: 17594758     EISSN: 17594766     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.140     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (95)

References (168)
  • 5
    • 0027443346 scopus 로고
    • Signs and symptoms of reflex sympathetic dystrophy: Prospective study of 829 patients
    • Veldman, P. H., Reynen, H. M., Arntz, I. E. & Goris, R. J. Signs and symptoms of reflex sympathetic dystrophy: Prospective study of 829 patients. Lancet 342, 1012-1016 (1993).
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.342 , pp. 1012-1016
    • Veldman, P.H.1    Reynen, H.M.2    Arntz, I.E.3    Goris, R.J.4
  • 6
    • 84858698911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensory signs in complex regional pain syndrome and peripheral nerve injury
    • Gierthmuhlen, J. et al. Sensory signs in complex regional pain syndrome and peripheral nerve injury. Pain 153, 765-774 (2012).
    • (2012) Pain , vol.153 , pp. 765-774
    • Gierthmuhlen, J.1
  • 8
    • 42949154269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropathic pain: Redefinition and a grading system for clinical and research purposes
    • Treede, R. D. et al. Neuropathic pain: Redefinition and a grading system for clinical and research purposes. Neurology 70, 1630-1635 (2008).
    • (2008) Neurology , vol.70 , pp. 1630-1635
    • Treede, R.D.1
  • 9
    • 77955303527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of proposed diagnostic criteria (the "Budapest Criteria") for complex regional pain syndrome
    • Harden, R. N. et al. Validation of proposed diagnostic criteria (the "Budapest Criteria") for complex regional pain syndrome. Pain 150, 268-274 (2010).
    • (2010) Pain , vol.150 , pp. 268-274
    • Harden, R.N.1
  • 10
    • 0032887439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neglect-like symptoms in complex regional pain syndrome: Results of a self-administered survey
    • Galer, B. S. & Jensen, M. Neglect-like symptoms in complex regional pain syndrome: Results of a self-administered survey. J. Pain Symptom Manage. 18, 213-217 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Pain Symptom Manage. , vol.18 , pp. 213-217
    • Galer, B.S.1    Jensen, M.2
  • 11
    • 33746792902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severity and specificity of neglect-like symptoms in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) compared to chronic limb pain of other origins
    • Frettloh, J., Huppe, M. & Maier, C. Severity and specificity of neglect-like symptoms in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) compared to chronic limb pain of other origins. Pain 124, 184-189 (2006).
    • (2006) Pain , vol.124 , pp. 184-189
    • Frettloh, J.1    Huppe, M.2    Maier, C.3
  • 12
    • 36249021564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body perception disturbance: A contribution to pain in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)
    • Lewis, J. S., Kersten, P., McCabe, C. S., McPherson, K. M. & Blake, D. R. Body perception disturbance: A contribution to pain in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Pain 133, 111-119 (2007).
    • (2007) Pain , vol.133 , pp. 111-119
    • Lewis, J.S.1    Kersten, P.2    McCabe, C.S.3    McPherson, K.M.4    Blake, D.R.5
  • 13
    • 70350694045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Space-based but not arm-based, shift in tactile processing in complex regional pain syndrome and its relationship to cooling of the affected limb
    • Moseley, G. L., Gallace, A. & Spence, C. Space-based, but not arm-based, shift in tactile processing in complex regional pain syndrome and its relationship to cooling of the affected limb. Brain 132, 3142-3151 (2009).
    • (2009) Brain , vol.132 , pp. 3142-3151
    • Moseley, G.L.1    Gallace, A.2    Spence, C.3
  • 14
    • 84883053929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deficient muscle activation in patients with complex regional pain syndrome and abnormal hand postures: An electromyographic evaluation
    • Bank, P. J., Peper, C. L., Marinus, J., Beek, P. J. & van Hilten, J. J. Deficient muscle activation in patients with complex regional pain syndrome and abnormal hand postures: An electromyographic evaluation. Clin. Neurophysiol. 124, 2025-2035 (2013).
    • (2013) Clin. Neurophysiol. , vol.124 , pp. 2025-2035
    • Bank, P.J.1    Peper, C.L.2    Marinus, J.3    Beek, P.J.4    Van Hilten, J.J.5
  • 15
    • 49849094522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correction of severe foot and ankle contracture due to CRPS using external fixation and pain management: Report of a pediatric case
    • Mendicino, R. W., Kim, C., Kabazie, A. J. & Catanzariti, A. R. Correction of severe foot and ankle contracture due to CRPS using external fixation and pain management: Report of a pediatric case. J. Foot Ankle Surg. 47, 434-440 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Foot Ankle Surg. , vol.47 , pp. 434-440
    • Mendicino, R.W.1    Kim, C.2    Kabazie, A.J.3    Catanzariti, A.R.4
  • 16
    • 84879226580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of psychosocial factors in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Lohnberg, J. A. & Altmaier, E. M. A review of psychosocial factors in complex regional pain syndrome. J. Clin. Psychol. Med. Settings 20, 247-254 (2013).
    • (2013) J. Clin. Psychol. Med. Settings , vol.20 , pp. 247-254
    • Lohnberg, J.A.1    Altmaier, E.M.2
  • 17
    • 0037062189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity and pain and hyperalgesia in complex regional pain syndromes: A case-control study
    • Baron, R., Schattschneider, J., Binder, A., Siebrecht, D. & Wasner, G. Relation between sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity and pain and hyperalgesia in complex regional pain syndromes: A case-control study. Lancet 359, 1655-1660 (2002).
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1655-1660
    • Baron, R.1    Schattschneider, J.2    Binder, A.3    Siebrecht, D.4    Wasner, G.5
  • 18
    • 33645749292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndromes: The influence of cutaneous and deep somatic sympathetic innervation on pain
    • Schattschneider, J., Binder, A., Siebrecht, D., Wasner, G. & Baron, R. Complex regional pain syndromes: The influence of cutaneous and deep somatic sympathetic innervation on pain. Clin. J. Pain 22, 240-244 (2006).
    • (2006) Clin. J. Pain , vol.22 , pp. 240-244
    • Schattschneider, J.1    Binder, A.2    Siebrecht, D.3    Wasner, G.4    Baron, R.5
  • 19
    • 0034055805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurological findings in complex regional pain syndromes-analysis of 145 cases
    • Birklein, F., Riedl, B., Sieweke, N., Weber, M. & Neundorfer, B. Neurological findings in complex regional pain syndromes-analysis of 145 cases. Acta Neurol. Scand. 101, 262-269 (2000).
    • (2000) Acta Neurol. Scand. , vol.101 , pp. 262-269
    • Birklein, F.1    Riedl, B.2    Sieweke, N.3    Weber, M.4    Neundorfer, B.5
  • 20
    • 0032994993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemisensory impairment in patients with complex regional pain syndrome
    • Rommel, O. et al. Hemisensory impairment in patients with complex regional pain syndrome. Pain 80, 95-101 (1999).
    • (1999) Pain , vol.80 , pp. 95-101
    • Rommel, O.1
  • 21
    • 84889015244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle hyperalgesia is widespread in patients with complex regional pain syndrome
    • van Rooijen, D. E., Marinus, J. & van Hilten, J. J. Muscle hyperalgesia is widespread in patients with complex regional pain syndrome. Pain 154, 2745-2749 (2013).
    • (2013) Pain , vol.154 , pp. 2745-2749
    • Van Rooijen, D.E.1    Marinus, J.2    Van Hilten, J.J.3
  • 22
    • 79955727961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex interaction of sensory and motor signs and symptoms in chronic CRPS
    • Huge, V. et al. Complex interaction of sensory and motor signs and symptoms in chronic CRPS. PLoS ONE 6, e18775 (2011).
    • (2011) PLoS ONE , vol.6 , pp. e18775
    • Huge, V.1
  • 23
    • 0036142665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the left hand and motor impairments of the unaffected right hand: Impaired central motor processing?
    • Ribbers, G. M., Mulder, T., Geurts, A. C. & den Otter, R. A. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the left hand and motor impairments of the unaffected right hand: Impaired central motor processing? Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 83, 81-85 (2002).
    • (2002) Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. , vol.83 , pp. 81-85
    • Ribbers, G.M.1    Mulder, T.2    Geurts, A.C.3    Den Otter, R.A.4
  • 24
    • 84858698902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor control in complex regional pain syndrome: A kinematic analysis
    • Schilder, J. C. et al. Motor control in complex regional pain syndrome: A kinematic analysis. Pain 153, 805-812 (2012).
    • (2012) Pain , vol.153 , pp. 805-812
    • Schilder, J.C.1
  • 25
    • 0036326054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome type I: Use of the International Association for the Study of Pain diagnostic criteria defined in 1994
    • Reinders, M. F., Geertzen, J. H. & Dijkstra, P. U. Complex regional pain syndrome type I: Use of the International Association for the Study of Pain diagnostic criteria defined in 1994. Clin. J. Pain 18, 207-215 (2002).
    • (2002) Clin. J. Pain , vol.18 , pp. 207-215
    • Reinders, M.F.1    Geertzen, J.H.2    Dijkstra, P.U.3
  • 27
    • 84987938363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ch. 5.17 (eds Basbaum, A. I. et al.) Academic Press
    • Jänig, W. in Pain 1st edn Vol. 5 Ch. 5.17 (eds Basbaum, A. I. et al.) 194-225 (Academic Press, 2008).
    • (2008) Pain 1st Edn , vol.5 , pp. 194-225
    • Jänig, W.1
  • 28
    • 33748474050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome: Signs, symptoms, and new empirically derived diagnostic criteria
    • Harden, R. N. & Bruehl, S. P. Diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome: Signs, symptoms, and new empirically derived diagnostic criteria. Clin. J. Pain 22, 415-419 (2006).
    • (2006) Clin. J. Pain , vol.22 , pp. 415-419
    • Harden, R.N.1    Bruehl, S.P.2
  • 29
    • 0035100912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular abnormalities in reflex sympathetic dystrophy (CRPS I): Mechanisms and diagnostic value
    • Wasner, G., Schattschneider, J., Heckmann, K., Maier, C. & Baron, R. Vascular abnormalities in reflex sympathetic dystrophy (CRPS I): Mechanisms and diagnostic value. Brain 124, 587-599 (2001).
    • (2001) Brain , vol.124 , pp. 587-599
    • Wasner, G.1    Schattschneider, J.2    Heckmann, K.3    Maier, C.4    Baron, R.5
  • 30
    • 54249119488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term skin temperature measurements-A practical diagnostic tool in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Krumova, E. K. et al. Long-term skin temperature measurements-A practical diagnostic tool in complex regional pain syndrome. Pain 140, 8-22 (2008).
    • (2008) Pain , vol.140 , pp. 8-22
    • Krumova, E.K.1
  • 31
    • 67649553641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The natural history of complex regional pain syndrome
    • Schwartzman, R. J., Erwin, K. L. & Alexander, G. M. The natural history of complex regional pain syndrome. Clin. J. Pain 25, 273-280 (2009).
    • (2009) Clin. J. Pain , vol.25 , pp. 273-280
    • Schwartzman, R.J.1    Erwin, K.L.2    Alexander, G.M.3
  • 32
    • 0031742828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome I (CRPS I): Prospective study and laboratory evaluation
    • Sandroni, P. et al. Complex regional pain syndrome I (CRPS I): Prospective study and laboratory evaluation. Clin. J. Pain 14, 282-289 (1998).
    • (1998) Clin. J. Pain , vol.14 , pp. 282-289
    • Sandroni, P.1
  • 34
    • 18844466152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of peripheral sympathetic nervous function for diagnosing early post-traumatic complex regional pain syndrome type I
    • Schurmann, M., Gradl, G., Andress, H. J., Furst, H. & Schildberg, F. W. Assessment of peripheral sympathetic nervous function for diagnosing early post-traumatic complex regional pain syndrome type I. Pain 80, 149-159 (1999).
    • (1999) Pain , vol.80 , pp. 149-159
    • Schurmann, M.1    Gradl, G.2    Andress, H.J.3    Furst, H.4    Schildberg, F.W.5
  • 35
    • 0035076357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facilitated neurogenic inflammation in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Weber, M., Birklein, F., Neundorfer, B. & Schmelz, M. Facilitated neurogenic inflammation in complex regional pain syndrome. Pain 91, 251-257 (2001).
    • (2001) Pain , vol.91 , pp. 251-257
    • Weber, M.1    Birklein, F.2    Neundorfer, B.3    Schmelz, M.4
  • 37
    • 0032959743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Komplexes regionales Schmerzsyndrom Klinik und autonome Störung während akuter und chronischer Krankheitsstadien. [German]
    • Birklein, F., Riedl, B., Griessinger, N. & Neundorfer, B. Komplexes regionales Schmerzsyndrom Klinik und autonome Störung während akuter und chronischer Krankheitsstadien. [German]. Nervenarzt 70, 335-341 (1999).
    • (1999) Nervenarzt , vol.70 , pp. 335-341
    • Birklein, F.1    Riedl, B.2    Griessinger, N.3    Neundorfer, B.4
  • 38
    • 84887060418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor dysfunction of complex regional pain syndrome is related to impaired central processing of proprioceptive information
    • Bank, P. J., Peper, C. L., Marinus, J., Beek, P. J. & van Hilten, J. J. Motor dysfunction of complex regional pain syndrome is related to impaired central processing of proprioceptive information. J. Pain 14, 1460-1474 (2013).
    • (2013) J. Pain , vol.14 , pp. 1460-1474
    • Bank, P.J.1    Peper, C.L.2    Marinus, J.3    Beek, P.J.4    Van Hilten, J.J.5
  • 39
    • 0025022663 scopus 로고
    • The movement disorder of reflex sympathetic dystrophy
    • Schwartzman, R. J. & Kerrigan, J. The movement disorder of reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Neurology 40, 57-61 (1990).
    • (1990) Neurology , vol.40 , pp. 57-61
    • Schwartzman, R.J.1    Kerrigan, J.2
  • 40
    • 0026334109 scopus 로고
    • Tremor in reflex sympathetic dystrophy
    • Deuschl, G., Blumberg, H. & Lücking, C. H. Tremor in reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Arch. Neurol. 48, 1247-1252 (1991).
    • (1991) Arch. Neurol. , vol.48 , pp. 1247-1252
    • Deuschl, G.1    Blumberg, H.2    Lücking, C.H.3
  • 41
    • 0031948862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe complications of reflex sympathetic dystrophy: Infection, ulcers, chronic edema, dystonia, and myoclonus
    • van der Laan, L., Veldman, P. H. & Goris, R. J. Severe complications of reflex sympathetic dystrophy: Infection, ulcers, chronic edema, dystonia, and myoclonus. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 79, 424-429 (1998).
    • (1998) Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. , vol.79 , pp. 424-429
    • Van Der Laan, L.1    Veldman, P.H.2    Goris, R.J.3
  • 42
    • 0035954335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical aspects of multifocal or generalized tonic dystonia in reflex sympathetic dystrophy
    • van Hilten, J. J., van de Beek, W. J., Vein, A. A., van Dijk, J. G. & Middelkoop, H. A. Clinical aspects of multifocal or generalized tonic dystonia in reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Neurology 56, 1762-1765 (2001).
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , pp. 1762-1765
    • Van Hilten, J.J.1    Van De Beek, W.J.2    Vein, A.A.3    Van Dijk, J.G.4    Middelkoop, H.A.5
  • 43
    • 84891828566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome: A comprehensive and critical review
    • Borchers, A. T. & Gershwin, M. E. Complex regional pain syndrome: A comprehensive and critical review. Autoimmun. Rev. 13, 242-265 (2014).
    • (2014) Autoimmun. Rev. , vol.13 , pp. 242-265
    • Borchers, A.T.1    Gershwin, M.E.2
  • 44
    • 32244442392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of disease: Neuropathic pain-A clinical perspective
    • Baron, R. Mechanisms of disease: Neuropathic pain-A clinical perspective. Nat. Clin. Pract. Neurol. 2, 95-106 (2006).
    • (2006) Nat. Clin. Pract. Neurol. , vol.2 , pp. 95-106
    • Baron, R.1
  • 45
    • 0142157604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome: Mystery explained?
    • Janig, W. & Baron, R. Complex regional pain syndrome: Mystery explained? Lancet Neurol. 2, 687-697 (2003).
    • (2003) Lancet Neurol. , vol.2 , pp. 687-697
    • Janig, W.1    Baron, R.2
  • 46
    • 84873664132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome in adults: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials published from June 2000 to February 2012
    • Cossins, L. et al. Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome in adults: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials published from June 2000 to February 2012. Eur. J. Pain 17, 158-173 (2013).
    • (2013) Eur. J. Pain , vol.17 , pp. 158-173
    • Cossins, L.1
  • 47
    • 85018885195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome in adults: UK guidelines for diagnosis, referral and management in primary and secondary care
    • Goebel, A. et al. Complex regional pain syndrome in adults: UK guidelines for diagnosis, referral and management in primary and secondary care. Royal College of Physicians [online], https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/sites/default/files/documents/complex-regional-pain-full-guideline.pdf (2012).
    • (2012) Royal College of Physicians [online]
    • Goebel, A.1
  • 48
    • 84987928185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome: Treatment guidelines
    • Harden, N. Complex regional pain syndrome: Treatment guidelines. RSDSA [online] www.rsds.org/3/clinical-guidelines (2010).
    • (2010) RSDSA [online]
    • Harden, N.1
  • 49
    • 77950367410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for the pharmacological management of neuropathic pain: An overview and literature update
    • Dworkin, R. H. et al. Recommendations for the pharmacological management of neuropathic pain: An overview and literature update. Mayo Clin. Proc. 85 (Suppl.), S3-S14 (2010).
    • (2010) Mayo Clin. Proc. , vol.85 , pp. S3-S14
    • Dworkin, R.H.1
  • 50
    • 67649369591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain 3rd edn Ch. 19 (eds Cervero, F. & Jensen, T. S.) Elsevier B.V
    • Devor, M. in The Handbook of Clinical Neurology: Pain 3rd edn Vol. 81 Ch. 19 (eds Cervero, F. & Jensen, T. S.) 261-276 (Elsevier B.V., 2006).
    • (2006) The Handbook of Clinical Neurology , vol.81 , pp. 261-276
    • Devor, M.1
  • 51
    • 33947613422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain 3rd edn Ch. 20 (eds Cervero, F. & Jensen, T. S.) Elsevier B.V
    • Noguchi, K. in The Handbook of Clinical Neurology: Pain 3rd edn Vol. 81 Ch. 20 (eds Cervero, F. & Jensen, T. S.) 277-291 (Elsevier B.V., 2006).
    • (2006) The Handbook of Clinical Neurology , vol.81 , pp. 277-291
    • Noguchi, K.1
  • 52
    • 84873708480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroplasticity mechanisms in the pathophysiology of chronic pain
    • Puretic, M. B. & Demarin, V. Neuroplasticity mechanisms in the pathophysiology of chronic pain. Acta Clin. Croat. 51, 425-429 (2012).
    • (2012) Acta Clin. Croat. , vol.51 , pp. 425-429
    • Puretic, M.B.1    Demarin, V.2
  • 53
    • 77952740903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A search for activation of C nociceptors by sympathetic fibers in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Campero, M., Bostock, H., Baumann, T. K. & Ochoa, J. L. A search for activation of C nociceptors by sympathetic fibers in complex regional pain syndrome. Clin. Neurophysiol. 121, 1072-1079 (2010).
    • (2010) Clin. Neurophysiol. , vol.121 , pp. 1072-1079
    • Campero, M.1    Bostock, H.2    Baumann, T.K.3    Ochoa, J.L.4
  • 54
    • 0033979526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentration-effect relationship of intravenous lidocaine on the allodynia of complex regional pain syndrome types I and II
    • Wallace, M. S., Ridgeway, B. M., Leung, A. Y., Gerayli, A. & Yaksh, T. L. Concentration-effect relationship of intravenous lidocaine on the allodynia of complex regional pain syndrome types I and II. Anesthesiology 92, 75-83 (2000).
    • (2000) Anesthesiology , vol.92 , pp. 75-83
    • Wallace, M.S.1    Ridgeway, B.M.2    Leung, A.Y.3    Gerayli, A.4    Yaksh, T.L.5
  • 55
    • 84886858847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interventions for treating pain and disability in adults with complex regional pain syndrome
    • Art. No.: CD009416.
    • O'Connell, N. E., Wand, B. M., McAuley, J., Marston, L. & Moseley, G. L. Interventions for treating pain and disability in adults with complex regional pain syndrome. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD009416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009416.
    • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , Issue.4
    • O'Connell, N.E.1    Wand, B.M.2    McAuley, J.3    Marston, L.4    Moseley, G.L.5
  • 57
    • 0034333009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intradermal injection of norepinephrine evokes pain in patients with sympathetically maintained pain
    • Ali, Z. et al. Intradermal injection of norepinephrine evokes pain in patients with sympathetically maintained pain. Pain 88, 161-168 (2000).
    • (2000) Pain , vol.88 , pp. 161-168
    • Ali, Z.1
  • 58
    • 0030827378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical review of controlled clinical trials for peripheral neuropathic pain and complex regional pain syndromes
    • Kingery, W. S. A critical review of controlled clinical trials for peripheral neuropathic pain and complex regional pain syndromes. Pain 73, 123-139 (1997).
    • (1997) Pain , vol.73 , pp. 123-139
    • Kingery, W.S.1
  • 59
    • 0031722349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of peak magnitude and duration of analgesia produced by local anesthetics injected into sympathetic ganglia of complex regional syndrome patients
    • Price, D. D., Long, S., Wilsey, B. & Rafii, A. Analysis of peak magnitude and duration of analgesia produced by local anesthetics injected into sympathetic ganglia of complex regional syndrome patients. Clin. J. Pain 14, 216-226 (1998).
    • (1998) Clin. J. Pain , vol.14 , pp. 216-226
    • Price, D.D.1    Long, S.2    Wilsey, B.3    Rafii, A.4
  • 60
    • 33751503538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of the analgesic efficacy of stellate ganglion blockade in the management of the complex regional pain syndrome in patients with pain mediated by sympathetic nervous system: Preliminary study
    • Rodriguez, R. F. et al. Study of the analgesic efficacy of stellate ganglion blockade in the management of the complex regional pain syndrome in patients with pain mediated by sympathetic nervous system: Preliminary study. Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor 13, 230-237 (2006).
    • (2006) Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor , vol.13 , pp. 230-237
    • Rodriguez, R.F.1
  • 61
    • 84892796565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local anaesthetic sympathetic blockade for complex regional pain syndrome
    • Art. No.: CD004598.
    • Stanton, T. R. et al. Local anaesthetic sympathetic blockade for complex regional pain syndrome. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue. 8. Art. No.: CD004598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004598.pub3.
    • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , Issue.8
    • Stanton, T.R.1
  • 62
    • 0025787684 scopus 로고
    • Topical application of clonidine relieves hyperalgesia in patients with sympathetically maintained pain
    • Davis, K. D., Treede, R. D., Raja, S. N., Meyer, R. A. & Campbell, J. N. Topical application of clonidine relieves hyperalgesia in patients with sympathetically maintained pain. Pain 47, 309-317 (1991).
    • (1991) Pain , vol.47 , pp. 309-317
    • Davis, K.D.1    Treede, R.D.2    Raja, S.N.3    Meyer, R.A.4    Campbell, J.N.5
  • 63
    • 0036788082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond neurons: Evidence that immune and glial cells contribute to pathological pain states
    • Watkins, L. R. & Maier, S. F. Beyond neurons: Evidence that immune and glial cells contribute to pathological pain states. Physiol. Rev. 82, 981-1011 (2002).
    • (2002) Physiol. Rev. , vol.82 , pp. 981-1011
    • Watkins, L.R.1    Maier, S.F.2
  • 64
    • 23744487035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome: An inflammatory pain condition?
    • Ludwig, J. & Baron, R. Complex regional pain syndrome: An inflammatory pain condition? Drug Disc. Today Dis. Mech. 1, 449-445 (2004).
    • (2004) Drug Disc. Today Dis. Mech. , vol.1 , pp. 449-545
    • Ludwig, J.1    Baron, R.2
  • 65
    • 51749091756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracellular signaling in primary sensory neurons and persistent pain
    • Cheng, J. K. & Ji, R. R. Intracellular signaling in primary sensory neurons and persistent pain. Neurochem. Res. 33, 1970-1978 (2008).
    • (2008) Neurochem. Res. , vol.33 , pp. 1970-1978
    • Cheng, J.K.1    Ji, R.R.2
  • 66
    • 34249723188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schwann cells: Activated peripheral glia and their role in neuropathic pain
    • Campana, W. M. Schwann cells: Activated peripheral glia and their role in neuropathic pain. Brain Behav. Immun. 21, 522-527 (2007).
    • (2007) Brain Behav. Immun. , vol.21 , pp. 522-527
    • Campana, W.M.1
  • 67
    • 0036200129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for local inflammation in complex regional pain syndrome type 1
    • Huygen, F. J. et al. Evidence for local inflammation in complex regional pain syndrome type 1. Mediators Inflamm. 11, 47-51 (2002).
    • (2002) Mediators Inflamm. , vol.11 , pp. 47-51
    • Huygen, F.J.1
  • 68
    • 84884281277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local cytokine changes in complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS I) resolve after 6 months
    • Lenz, M. et al. Local cytokine changes in complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS I) resolve after 6 months. Pain 154, 2142-2149 (2013).
    • (2013) Pain , vol.154 , pp. 2142-2149
    • Lenz, M.1
  • 69
    • 78651473454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TNF-α in CRPS and 'normal' trauma-significant differences between tissue and serum
    • Kramer, H. H. et al. TNF-α in CRPS and 'normal' trauma-significant differences between tissue and serum. Pain 152, 285-290 (2011).
    • (2011) Pain , vol.152 , pp. 285-290
    • Kramer, H.H.1
  • 70
    • 34848865926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential expression patterns of cytokines in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Uceyler, N., Eberle, T., Rolke, R., Birklein, F. & Sommer, C. Differential expression patterns of cytokines in complex regional pain syndrome. Pain 132, 195-205 (2007).
    • (2007) Pain , vol.132 , pp. 195-205
    • Uceyler, N.1    Eberle, T.2    Rolke, R.3    Birklein, F.4    Sommer, C.5
  • 72
    • 84873660553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation in complex regional pain syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Parkitny, L. et al. Inflammation in complex regional pain syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology 80, 106-117 (2013).
    • (2013) Neurology , vol.80 , pp. 106-117
    • Parkitny, L.1
  • 73
    • 0025005964 scopus 로고
    • Pain and vascular reflexes in man elicited by prolonged noxious mechano-stimulation
    • Magerl, W., Geldner, G. & Handwerker, H. O. Pain and vascular reflexes in man elicited by prolonged noxious mechano-stimulation. Pain 43, 219-225 (1990).
    • (1990) Pain , vol.43 , pp. 219-225
    • Magerl, W.1    Geldner, G.2    Handwerker, H.O.3
  • 74
    • 67649317312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain 3rd edn Ch. 3 (eds Cervero, F. & Jensen, T. S.) Elsevier B.V
    • Handwerker, H. O. in The Handbook of Clinical Neurology: Pain 3rd edn Vol. 81 Ch. 3 (eds Cervero, F. & Jensen, T. S.) 23-33 (Elsevier B.V., 2006).
    • (2006) The Handbook of Clinical Neurology , vol.81 , pp. 23-33
    • Handwerker, H.O.1
  • 75
    • 0042237032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substance-P-induced protein extravasation is bilaterally increased in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Leis, S., Weber, M., Isselmann, A., Schmelz, M. & Birklein, F. Substance-P-induced protein extravasation is bilaterally increased in complex regional pain syndrome. Exp. Neurol. 183, 197-204 (2003).
    • (2003) Exp. Neurol. , vol.183 , pp. 197-204
    • Leis, S.1    Weber, M.2    Isselmann, A.3    Schmelz, M.4    Birklein, F.5
  • 76
    • 0035956495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The important role of neuropeptides in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Birklein, F., Schmelz, M., Schifter, S. & Weber, M. The important role of neuropeptides in complex regional pain syndrome. Neurology 57, 2179-2184 (2001).
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.57 , pp. 2179-2184
    • Birklein, F.1    Schmelz, M.2    Schifter, S.3    Weber, M.4
  • 77
    • 33645739008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory mediators are altered in the acute phase of posttraumatic complex regional pain syndrome
    • Schinkel, C. et al. Inflammatory mediators are altered in the acute phase of posttraumatic complex regional pain syndrome. Clin. J. Pain 22, 235-239 (2006).
    • (2006) Clin. J. Pain , vol.22 , pp. 235-239
    • Schinkel, C.1
  • 78
    • 0020378425 scopus 로고
    • The reflex dystrophy syndrome response to treatment with systemic corticosteroids
    • Christensen, K., Jensen, E. M. & Noer, I. The reflex dystrophy syndrome response to treatment with systemic corticosteroids. Acta Chir. Scand. 148, 653-655 (1982).
    • (1982) Acta Chir. Scand. , vol.148 , pp. 653-655
    • Christensen, K.1    Jensen, E.M.2    Noer, I.3
  • 79
    • 77951877434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of a single intrathecal methylprednisolone bolus in chronic complex regional pain syndrome
    • Munts, A. G. et al. Efficacy and safety of a single intrathecal methylprednisolone bolus in chronic complex regional pain syndrome. Eur. J. Pain 14, 523-528 (2010).
    • (2010) Eur. J. Pain , vol.14 , pp. 523-528
    • Munts, A.G.1
  • 80
    • 4544385775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bier block with methylprednisolone and lidocaine in CRPS type I: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study
    • Taskaynatan, M. A., Ozgul, A., Tan, A. K., Dincer, K. & Kalyon, T. A. Bier block with methylprednisolone and lidocaine in CRPS type I: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Reg. Anesth. Pain Med. 29, 408-412 (2004).
    • (2004) Reg. Anesth. Pain Med. , vol.29 , pp. 408-412
    • Taskaynatan, M.A.1    Ozgul, A.2    Tan, A.K.3    Dincer, K.4    Kalyon, T.A.5
  • 81
    • 77950371778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence based guidelines for complex regional pain syndrome type 1
    • Perez, R. S. et al. Evidence based guidelines for complex regional pain syndrome type 1. BMC Neurol. 10, 20 (2010).
    • (2010) BMC Neurol. , vol.10 , pp. 20
    • Perez, R.S.1
  • 82
    • 84887411974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report of a preliminary discontinued double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the anti-TNF-α chimeric monoclonal antibody infliximab in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Dirckx, M., Groeneweg, G., Wesseldijk, F., Stronks, D. L. & Huygen, F. J. Report of a preliminary discontinued double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the anti-TNF-α chimeric monoclonal antibody infliximab in complex regional pain syndrome. Pain Pract. 13, 633-640 (2013).
    • (2013) Pain Pract. , vol.13 , pp. 633-640
    • Dirckx, M.1    Groeneweg, G.2    Wesseldijk, F.3    Stronks, D.L.4    Huygen, F.J.5
  • 83
    • 0037379934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type I with free radical scavengers: A randomized controlled study
    • Perez, R. S. et al. The treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type I with free radical scavengers: A randomized controlled study. Pain 102, 297-307 (2003).
    • (2003) Pain , vol.102 , pp. 297-307
    • Perez, R.S.1
  • 84
    • 84877058981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome, prototype of a novel kind of autoimmune disease
    • Goebel, A. & Blaes, F. Complex regional pain syndrome, prototype of a novel kind of autoimmune disease. Autoimmun. Rev. 12, 682-686 (2013).
    • (2013) Autoimmun. Rev. , vol.12 , pp. 682-686
    • Goebel, A.1    Blaes, F.2
  • 85
    • 75749126204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment of the complex regional pain syndrome: A randomized trial
    • Goebel, A. et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment of the complex regional pain syndrome: A randomized trial. Ann. Intern. Med. 152, 152-158 (2010).
    • (2010) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.152 , pp. 152-158
    • Goebel, A.1
  • 86
    • 8644239492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune etiology of complex regional pain syndrome (M. Sudeck)
    • Blaes, F. et al. Autoimmune etiology of complex regional pain syndrome (M. Sudeck). Neurology 63, 1734-1736 (2004).
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63 , pp. 1734-1736
    • Blaes, F.1
  • 87
    • 81055156268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoimmunity against the β2 adrenergic receptor and muscarinic-2 receptor in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Kohr, D. et al. Autoimmunity against the β2 adrenergic receptor and muscarinic-2 receptor in complex regional pain syndrome. Pain 152, 2690-2700 (2011).
    • (2011) Pain , vol.152 , pp. 2690-2700
    • Kohr, D.1
  • 88
    • 0034255071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental tissue acidosis leads to increased pain in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)
    • Birklein, F. et al. Experimental tissue acidosis leads to increased pain in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Pain 87, 227-234 (2000).
    • (2000) Pain , vol.87 , pp. 227-234
    • Birklein, F.1
  • 89
    • 0032442841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone atrophy in complex regional pain syndrome patients measured by microdensitometry
    • Otake, T., Ieshima, H., Ishida, H., Ushigome, Y. & Saito, S. Bone atrophy in complex regional pain syndrome patients measured by microdensitometry. Can. J. Anaesth. 45, 831-838 (1998).
    • (1998) Can. J. Anaesth. , vol.45 , pp. 831-838
    • Otake, T.1    Ieshima, H.2    Ishida, H.3    Ushigome, Y.4    Saito, S.5
  • 90
    • 34249085251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging in early posttraumatic complex regional pain syndrome: A comparison of diagnostic methods
    • Schurmann, M. et al. Imaging in early posttraumatic complex regional pain syndrome: A comparison of diagnostic methods. Clin. J. Pain 23, 449-457 (2007).
    • (2007) Clin. J. Pain , vol.23 , pp. 449-457
    • Schurmann, M.1
  • 91
    • 77249108913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity and specificity of 3-phase bone scintigraphy in the diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome of the upper extremity
    • Wuppenhorst, N., Maier, C., Frettloh, J., Pennekamp, W. & Nicolas, V. Sensitivity and specificity of 3-phase bone scintigraphy in the diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome of the upper extremity. Clin. J. Pain 26, 182-189 (2010).
    • (2010) Clin. J. Pain , vol.26 , pp. 182-189
    • Wuppenhorst, N.1    Maier, C.2    Frettloh, J.3    Pennekamp, W.4    Nicolas, V.5
  • 92
  • 93
    • 8444227092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of alendronate in therapy for posttraumatic complex regional pain syndrome type I of the lower extremity
    • Manicourt, D. H., Brasseur, J. P., Boutsen, Y., Depreseux, G. & Devogelaer, J. P. Role of alendronate in therapy for posttraumatic complex regional pain syndrome type I of the lower extremity. Arthritis Rheum. 50, 3690-3697 (2004).
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.50 , pp. 3690-3697
    • Manicourt, D.H.1    Brasseur, J.P.2    Boutsen, Y.3    Depreseux, G.4    Devogelaer, J.P.5
  • 94
    • 84874086561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type I with neridronate: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Varenna, M. et al. Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type I with neridronate: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 52, 534-542 (2013).
    • (2013) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.52 , pp. 534-542
    • Varenna, M.1
  • 95
    • 33644864607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of salmon calcitonin in complex regional pain syndrome (type 1) in addition to physical therapy
    • Sahin, F., Yilmaz, F., Kotevoglu, N. & Kuran, B. Efficacy of salmon calcitonin in complex regional pain syndrome (type 1) in addition to physical therapy. Clin. Rheumatol. 25, 143-148 (2006).
    • (2006) Clin. Rheumatol. , vol.25 , pp. 143-148
    • Sahin, F.1    Yilmaz, F.2    Kotevoglu, N.3    Kuran, B.4
  • 96
    • 77950356296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: A review of the evidence
    • Tran de, Q. H., Duong, S., Bertini, P. & Finlayson, R. J. Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: A review of the evidence. Can. J. Anaesth. 57, 149-166 (2010).
    • (2010) Can. J. Anaesth. , vol.57 , pp. 149-166
    • Tran De, Q.H.1    Duong, S.2    Bertini, P.3    Finlayson, R.J.4
  • 97
    • 79951579664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central sensitization: Implications for the diagnosis and treatment of pain
    • Woolf, C. J. Central sensitization: Implications for the diagnosis and treatment of pain. Pain 152, S2-S15 (2011).
    • (2011) Pain , vol.152 , pp. S2-S15
    • Woolf, C.J.1
  • 98
    • 84890761737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral input and its importance for central sensitization
    • Baron, R., Hans, G. & Dickenson, A. Peripheral input and its importance for central sensitization. Ann. Neurol. (2013).
    • (2013) Ann. Neurol
    • Baron, R.1    Hans, G.2    Dickenson, A.3
  • 99
    • 65249188930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The increased trafficking of the calcium channel subunit a2d-1 to presynaptic terminals in neuropathic pain is inhibited by the a2d ligand pregabalin
    • Bauer, C. S. et al. The increased trafficking of the calcium channel subunit a2d-1 to presynaptic terminals in neuropathic pain is inhibited by the a2d ligand pregabalin. J. Neurosci. 29, 4076-4088 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Neurosci. , vol.29 , pp. 4076-4088
    • Bauer, C.S.1
  • 100
    • 45849120159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord mechanisms of pain
    • D'Mello, R. & Dickenson, A. H. Spinal cord mechanisms of pain. Br. J. Anaesth. 101, 8-16 (2008).
    • (2008) Br. J. Anaesth. , vol.101 , pp. 8-16
    • D'Mello, R.1    Dickenson, A.H.2
  • 101
  • 102
    • 77955327981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative sensory testing in the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS): Somatosensory abnormalities in 1236 patients with different neuropathic pain syndromes
    • Maier, C. et al. Quantitative sensory testing in the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS): Somatosensory abnormalities in 1236 patients with different neuropathic pain syndromes. Pain 150, 439-450 (2010).
    • (2010) Pain , vol.150 , pp. 439-450
    • Maier, C.1
  • 103
    • 33645397454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain 3rd edn Ch. 13 (eds Cervero, F. & Jensen, T. S.) Elsevier B.V
    • Pertovaara, A. & Almeida, A. in The Handbook of Clinical Neurology: Pain 3rd edn Vol. 81 Ch. 13 (eds Cervero, F. & Jensen, T. S.) 179-192 (Elsevier B.V., 2006).
    • (2006) The Handbook of Clinical Neurology , vol.81 , pp. 179-192
    • Pertovaara, A.1    Almeida, A.2
  • 104
    • 34548032772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain 3rd edn Ch. 14 (eds Cervero, F. & Jensen, T. S.) Elsevier B. V
    • Ossipov, M. H. & Porreca, F. in The Handbook of Clinical Neurology: Pain 3rd edn Vol. 81 Ch. 14 (eds Cervero, F. & Jensen, T. S.) 193-210 (Elsevier B. V., 2006).
    • (2006) The Handbook of Clinical Neurology , vol.81 , pp. 193-210
    • Ossipov, M.H.1    Porreca, F.2
  • 105
    • 64849088689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential endogenous pain modulation in complex-regional pain syndrome
    • Seifert, F., Kiefer, G., DeCol, R., Schmelz, M. & Maihofner, C. Differential endogenous pain modulation in complex-regional pain syndrome. Brain 132, 788-800 (2009).
    • (2009) Brain , vol.132 , pp. 788-800
    • Seifert, F.1    Kiefer, G.2    DeCol, R.3    Schmelz, M.4    Maihofner, C.5
  • 106
    • 12944300193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised controlled trial of gabapentin in complex regional pain syndrome type 1 [ISRCTN84121379]
    • van de Vusse, A. C., Stomp-van den Berg, S. G., Kessels, A. H. & Weber, W. E. Randomised controlled trial of gabapentin in complex regional pain syndrome type 1 [ISRCTN84121379]. BMC Neurol. 4, 13 (2004).
    • (2004) BMC Neurol. , vol.4 , pp. 13
    • Van De Vusse, A.C.1    Stomp-Van Den Berg, S.G.2    Kessels, A.H.3    Weber, W.E.4
  • 107
    • 70450223904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outpatient intravenous ketamine for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: A double-blind placebo controlled study
    • Schwartzman, R. J. et al. Outpatient intravenous ketamine for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: A double-blind placebo controlled study. Pain 147, 107-115 (2009).
    • (2009) Pain , vol.147 , pp. 107-115
    • Schwartzman, R.J.1
  • 108
    • 69649087572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine produces effective and long-term pain relief in patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1
    • Sigtermans, M. J. et al. Ketamine produces effective and long-term pain relief in patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1. Pain 145, 304-311 (2009).
    • (2009) Pain , vol.145 , pp. 304-311
    • Sigtermans, M.J.1
  • 109
    • 70349771772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of allodynia in patients with complex regional pain syndrome: A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of topical ketamine
    • Finch, P. M., Knudsen, L. & Drummond, P. D. Reduction of allodynia in patients with complex regional pain syndrome: A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of topical ketamine. Pain 146, 18-25 (2009).
    • (2009) Pain , vol.146 , pp. 18-25
    • Finch, P.M.1    Knudsen, L.2    Drummond, P.D.3
  • 110
    • 79952313173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NMDA-receptor antagonist and morphine decrease CRPS-pain and cerebral pain representation
    • Gustin, S. M. et al. NMDA-receptor antagonist and morphine decrease CRPS-pain and cerebral pain representation. Pain 151, 69-76 (2010).
    • (2010) Pain , vol.151 , pp. 69-76
    • Gustin, S.M.1
  • 111
    • 84874517239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome: Practical diagnostic and treatment guidelines, 4th edition
    • Harden, R. N. et al. Complex regional pain syndrome: Practical diagnostic and treatment guidelines, 4th edition. Pain Med. 14, 180-229 (2013).
    • (2013) Pain Med. , vol.14 , pp. 180-229
    • Harden, R.N.1
  • 112
    • 0034739290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord stimulation in patients with chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy
    • Kemler, M. A. et al. Spinal cord stimulation in patients with chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy. N. Engl. J. Med. 343, 618-624 (2000).
    • (2000) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.343 , pp. 618-624
    • Kemler, M.A.1
  • 113
    • 0347985270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of spinal cord stimulation in patients with chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy: Two years' follow-up of the randomized controlled trial
    • Kemler, M. A., De Vet., H. C., Barendse, G. A., Van Den Wildenberg, F. A. & Van Kleef, M. The effect of spinal cord stimulation in patients with chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy: Two years' follow-up of the randomized controlled trial. Ann. Neurol. 55, 13-18 (2004).
    • (2004) Ann. Neurol. , vol.55 , pp. 13-18
    • Kemler, M.A.1    De Vet, H.C.2    Barendse, G.A.3    Van Den Wildenberg, F.A.4    Van Kleef, M.5
  • 114
    • 38949189326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of spinal cord stimulation for chronic complex regional pain syndrome type I: Five-year final follow-up of patients in a randomized controlled trial
    • Kemler, M. A., de Vet., H. C., Barendse, G. A., van den Wildenberg, F. A. & van Kleef, M. Effect of spinal cord stimulation for chronic complex regional pain syndrome type I: Five-year final follow-up of patients in a randomized controlled trial. J. Neurosurg. 108, 292-298 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Neurosurg. , vol.108 , pp. 292-298
    • Kemler, M.A.1    De Vet, H.C.2    Barendse, G.A.3    Van Den Wildenberg, F.A.4    Van Kleef, M.5
  • 115
    • 0027145123 scopus 로고
    • Epidural clonidine treatment for refractory reflex sympathetic dystrophy
    • Rauck, R. L., Eisenach, J. C., Jackson, K., Young, L. D. & Southern, J. Epidural clonidine treatment for refractory reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Anesthesiology 79, 1163-1169 (1993).
    • (1993) Anesthesiology , vol.79 , pp. 1163-1169
    • Rauck, R.L.1    Eisenach, J.C.2    Jackson, K.3    Young, L.D.4    Southern, J.5
  • 116
    • 78649782961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pain matrix reloaded: A salience detection system for the body
    • Legrain, V., Iannetti, G. D., Plaghki, L. & Mouraux, A. The pain matrix reloaded: A salience detection system for the body. Prog. Neurobiol. 93, 111-124 (2011).
    • (2011) Prog. Neurobiol. , vol.93 , pp. 111-124
    • Legrain, V.1    Iannetti, G.D.2    Plaghki, L.3    Mouraux, A.4
  • 117
    • 84888642644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain matrices and neuropathic pain matrices: A review
    • Garcia-Larrea, L. & Peyron, R. Pain matrices and neuropathic pain matrices: A review. Pain 154 (Suppl. 1), S29-S43 (2013).
    • (2013) Pain , vol.154 , pp. S29-S43
    • Garcia-Larrea, L.1    Peyron, R.2
  • 119
    • 84988011522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ätiologie und pathogenese von CRPS
    • 1st edn Ch. C (eds Jänig, W. et al.) (SUVA
    • Jänig, W. Ätiologie und Pathogenese von CRPS. In CRPS-Complex Regional Pain Syndrome [German] 1st edn Ch. C (eds Jänig, W. et al.) 33-58 (SUVA, 2013).
    • (2013) CRPS-Complex Regional Pain Syndrome [German] , pp. 33-58
    • Jänig, W.1
  • 120
    • 3843110367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired self-perception of the hand in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)
    • Forderreuther, S., Sailer, U. & Straube, A. Impaired self-perception of the hand in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Pain 110, 756-761 (2004).
    • (2004) Pain , vol.110 , pp. 756-761
    • Forderreuther, S.1    Sailer, U.2    Straube, A.3
  • 121
    • 33846095970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathologic pain distorts visuospatial perception
    • Sumitani, M. et al. Pathologic pain distorts visuospatial perception. Neurology 68, 152-154 (2007).
    • (2007) Neurology , vol.68 , pp. 152-154
    • Sumitani, M.1
  • 122
    • 84867579515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired spatial body representation in complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS I)
    • Reinersmann, A. et al. Impaired spatial body representation in complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS I). Pain 153, 2174-2181 (2012).
    • (2012) Pain , vol.153 , pp. 2174-2181
    • Reinersmann, A.1
  • 124
    • 84872775835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptions of the painful body: The relationship between body perception disturbance, pain and tactile discrimination in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Lewis, J. S. & Schweinhardt, P. Perceptions of the painful body: The relationship between body perception disturbance, pain and tactile discrimination in complex regional pain syndrome. Eur. J. Pain 16, 1320-1330 (2012).
    • (2012) Eur. J. Pain , vol.16 , pp. 1320-1330
    • Lewis, J.S.1    Schweinhardt, P.2
  • 125
    • 0346103688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of cortical reorganization in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Maihofner, C., Handwerker, H. O., Neundorfer, B. & Birklein, F. Patterns of cortical reorganization in complex regional pain syndrome. Neurology 61, 1707-1715 (2003).
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.61 , pp. 1707-1715
    • Maihofner, C.1    Handwerker, H.O.2    Neundorfer, B.3    Birklein, F.4
  • 126
    • 4143107914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical reorganization during recovery from complex regional pain syndrome
    • Maihofner, C., Handwerker, H. O., Neundorfer, B. & Birklein, F. Cortical reorganization during recovery from complex regional pain syndrome. Neurology 63, 693-701 (2004).
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63 , pp. 693-701
    • Maihofner, C.1    Handwerker, H.O.2    Neundorfer, B.3    Birklein, F.4
  • 127
    • 14844337914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensorimotor retuning [corrected] in complex regional pain syndrome parallels pain reduction
    • Pleger, B. et al. Sensorimotor retuning [corrected] in complex regional pain syndrome parallels pain reduction. Ann. Neurol. 57, 425-429 (2005).
    • (2005) Ann. Neurol. , vol.57 , pp. 425-429
    • Pleger, B.1
  • 128
    • 79956120395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The analgesic effect of crossing the arms
    • Gallace, A., Torta, D. M., Moseley, G. L. & Iannetti, G. D. The analgesic effect of crossing the arms. Pain 152, 1418-1423 (2011).
    • (2011) Pain , vol.152 , pp. 1418-1423
    • Gallace, A.1    Torta, D.M.2    Moseley, G.L.3    Iannetti, G.D.4
  • 129
    • 70349613446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visually induced analgesia: Seeing the body reduces pain
    • Longo, M. R., Betti, V., Aglioti, S. M. & Haggard, P. Visually induced analgesia: Seeing the body reduces pain. J. Neurosci. 29, 12125-12130 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Neurosci. , vol.29 , pp. 12125-12130
    • Longo, M.R.1    Betti, V.2    Aglioti, S.M.3    Haggard, P.4
  • 130
    • 79954476676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual distortion of body size modulates pain perception
    • Mancini, F., Longo, M. R., Kammers, M. P. & Haggard, P. Visual distortion of body size modulates pain perception. Psychol. Sci. 22, 325-330 (2011).
    • (2011) Psychol. Sci. , vol.22 , pp. 325-330
    • Mancini, F.1    Longo, M.R.2    Kammers, M.P.3    Haggard, P.4
  • 131
    • 84874549068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in cortical oscillations linked to multisensory modulation of nociception
    • Mancini, F., Longo, M. R., Canzoneri, E., Vallar, G. & Haggard, P. Changes in cortical oscillations linked to multisensory modulation of nociception. Eur. J. Neurosci. 37, 768-776 (2013).
    • (2013) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.37 , pp. 768-776
    • Mancini, F.1    Longo, M.R.2    Canzoneri, E.3    Vallar, G.4    Haggard, P.5
  • 132
    • 84874599918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial sensory organization and body representation in pain perception
    • Haggard, P., Iannetti, G. D. & Longo, M. R. Spatial sensory organization and body representation in pain perception. Curr. Biol. 23, R164-R176 (2013).
    • (2013) Curr. Biol. , vol.23 , pp. R164-R176
    • Haggard, P.1    Iannetti, G.D.2    Longo, M.R.3
  • 133
    • 74749104440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size reduction using mirror visual feedback (MVF) reduces phantom pain
    • Ramachandran, V. S., Brang, D. & McGeoch, P. D. Size reduction using mirror visual feedback (MVF) reduces phantom pain. Neurocase 15, 357-360 (2009).
    • (2009) Neurocase , vol.15 , pp. 357-360
    • Ramachandran, V.S.1    Brang, D.2    McGeoch, P.D.3
  • 134
    • 56349124237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual distortion of a limb modulates the pain and swelling evoked by movement
    • Moseley, G. L., Parsons, T. J. & Spence, C. Visual distortion of a limb modulates the pain and swelling evoked by movement. Curr. Biol. 18, R1047-R1048 (2008).
    • (2008) Curr. Biol. , vol.18 , pp. R1047-R1048
    • Moseley, G.L.1    Parsons, T.J.2    Spence, C.3
  • 135
    • 77952111730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wherever is my arm? Impaired upper limb position accuracy in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Lewis, J. S. et al. Wherever is my arm? Impaired upper limb position accuracy in complex regional pain syndrome. Pain 149, 463-469 (2010).
    • (2010) Pain , vol.149 , pp. 463-469
    • Lewis, J.S.1
  • 136
    • 84878806424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging and clinical evidence of sensorimotor problems in CRPS: Utilizing novel treatment approaches
    • Bailey, J., Nelson, S., Lewis, J. & McCabe, C. S. Imaging and clinical evidence of sensorimotor problems in CRPS: Utilizing novel treatment approaches. J. Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 8, 564-575 (2013).
    • (2013) J. Neuroimmune Pharmacol. , vol.8 , pp. 564-575
    • Bailey, J.1    Nelson, S.2    Lewis, J.3    McCabe, C.S.4
  • 137
    • 84868159331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced pain and autonomic responses to ambiguous visual stimuli in chronic complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type I
    • Cohen, H. E. et al. Enhanced pain and autonomic responses to ambiguous visual stimuli in chronic complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type I. Eur. J. Pain 16, 182-195 (2012).
    • (2012) Eur. J. Pain , vol.16 , pp. 182-195
    • Cohen, H.E.1
  • 138
    • 78650756200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain and other symptoms of CRPS can be increased by ambiguous visual stimuli-an exploratory study
    • Hall, J. et al. Pain and other symptoms of CRPS can be increased by ambiguous visual stimuli-an exploratory study. Eur. J. Pain 15, 17-22 (2011).
    • (2011) Eur. J. Pain , vol.15 , pp. 17-22
    • Hall, J.1
  • 139
    • 72549089209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory conflicts in complex regional pain syndrome type 1 and fibromyalgia syndrome
    • McCabe, C. S. et al. Somatosensory conflicts in complex regional pain syndrome type 1 and fibromyalgia syndrome. Curr. Rheumatol. Rep. 11, 461-465 (2009).
    • (2009) Curr. Rheumatol. Rep. , vol.11 , pp. 461-465
    • McCabe, C.S.1
  • 140
    • 34047246533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a mismatch between the brain's movement control system and sensory system as an explanation for some pain-related disorders
    • McCabe, C. S. & Blake, D. R. Evidence for a mismatch between the brain's movement control system and sensory system as an explanation for some pain-related disorders. Curr. Pain Headache Rep. 11, 104-108 (2007).
    • (2007) Curr. Pain Headache Rep. , vol.11 , pp. 104-108
    • McCabe, C.S.1    Blake, D.R.2
  • 141
    • 18744386689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating sensory-motor incongruence in healthy volunteers: Implications for a cortical model of pain
    • McCabe, C. S., Haigh, R. C., Halligan, P. W. & Blake, D. R. Simulating sensory-motor incongruence in healthy volunteers: Implications for a cortical model of pain. Rheumatology (Oxford) 44, 509-516 (2005).
    • (2005) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.44 , pp. 509-516
    • McCabe, C.S.1    Haigh, R.C.2    Halligan, P.W.3    Blake, D.R.4
  • 142
    • 24644459752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysynchiria: Watching the mirror image of the unaffected limb elicits pain on the affected side
    • Acerra, N. E. & Moseley, G. L. Dysynchiria: Watching the mirror image of the unaffected limb elicits pain on the affected side. Neurology 65, 751-753 (2005).
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , pp. 751-753
    • Acerra, N.E.1    Moseley, G.L.2
  • 143
    • 61849142254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does evidence support physiotherapy management of adult complex regional pain syndrome type one? A systematic review
    • Daly, A. E. & Bialocerkowski, A. E. Does evidence support physiotherapy management of adult complex regional pain syndrome type one? A systematic review. Eur. J. Pain 13, 339-353 (2009).
    • (2009) Eur. J. Pain , vol.13 , pp. 339-353
    • Daly, A.E.1    Bialocerkowski, A.E.2
  • 144
    • 0035337170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Which patients with chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy are most likely to benefit from physical therapy?
    • Kemler, M. A., Rijks, C. P. & de Vet., H. C. Which patients with chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy are most likely to benefit from physical therapy? J. Manipulative Physiol. Ther. 24, 272-278 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Manipulative Physiol. Ther. , vol.24 , pp. 272-278
    • Kemler, M.A.1    Rijks, C.P.2    De Vet, H.C.3
  • 145
    • 0033987492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjuvant physical therapy versus occupational therapy in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy/complex regional pain syndrome type I
    • Oerlemans, H. M. et al. Adjuvant physical therapy versus occupational therapy in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy/complex regional pain syndrome type I. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 81, 49-56 (2000).
    • (2000) Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. , vol.81 , pp. 49-56
    • Oerlemans, H.M.1
  • 146
    • 0032823102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness analysis of adjuvant physical or occupational therapy for patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy
    • Severens, J. L. et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of adjuvant physical or occupational therapy for patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 80, 1038-1043 (1999).
    • (1999) Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. , vol.80 , pp. 1038-1043
    • Severens, J.L.1
  • 147
    • 0032868987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-and long-term outcomes of children with complex regional pain syndrome type I treated with exercise therapy
    • Sherry, D. D., Wallace, C. A., Kelley, C., Kidder, M. & Sapp, L. Short-and long-term outcomes of children with complex regional pain syndrome type I treated with exercise therapy. Clin. J. Pain 15, 218-223 (1999).
    • (1999) Clin. J. Pain , vol.15 , pp. 218-223
    • Sherry, D.D.1    Wallace, C.A.2    Kelley, C.3    Kidder, M.4    Sapp, L.5
  • 148
    • 0033598650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical origin of pathological pain
    • Harris, A. J. Cortical origin of pathological pain. Lancet 354, 1464-1466 (1999).
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 1464-1466
    • Harris, A.J.1
  • 149
    • 33846050532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prism adaptation to optical deviation alleviates pathologic pain
    • Sumitani, M. et al. Prism adaptation to optical deviation alleviates pathologic pain. Neurology 68, 128-133 (2007).
    • (2007) Neurology , vol.68 , pp. 128-133
    • Sumitani, M.1
  • 150
    • 77958163150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Derangement of body representation in complex regional pain syndrome: Report of a case treated with mirror and prisms
    • Bultitude, J. H. & Rafal, R. D. Derangement of body representation in complex regional pain syndrome: Report of a case treated with mirror and prisms. Exp. Brain Res. 204, 409-418 (2010).
    • (2010) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.204 , pp. 409-418
    • Bultitude, J.H.1    Rafal, R.D.2
  • 151
    • 1342279407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Graded motor imagery is effective for long-standing complex regional pain syndrome: A randomised controlled trial
    • Moseley, G. L. Graded motor imagery is effective for long-standing complex regional pain syndrome: A randomised controlled trial. Pain 108, 192-198 (2004).
    • (2004) Pain , vol.108 , pp. 192-198
    • Moseley, G.L.1
  • 152
    • 33845954615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Graded motor imagery for pathologic pain: A randomized controlled trial
    • Moseley, G. L. Graded motor imagery for pathologic pain: A randomized controlled trial. Neurology 67, 2129-2134 (2006).
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.67 , pp. 2129-2134
    • Moseley, G.L.1
  • 153
    • 0034739278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrathecal baclofen for the treatment of dystonia in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy
    • van Hilten, B. J., van de Beek, W. J., Hoff, J. I., Voormolen, J. H. & Delhaas, E. M. Intrathecal baclofen for the treatment of dystonia in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy. N. Engl. J. Med. 343, 625-630 (2000).
    • (2000) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.343 , pp. 625-630
    • Van Hilten, B.J.1    Van De Beek, W.J.2    Hoff, J.I.3    Voormolen, J.H.4    Delhaas, E.M.5
  • 154
    • 63449093694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrathecal baclofen for dystonia of complex regional pain syndrome
    • van Rijn, M. A. et al. Intrathecal baclofen for dystonia of complex regional pain syndrome. Pain 143, 41-47 (2009).
    • (2009) Pain , vol.143 , pp. 41-47
    • Van Rijn, M.A.1
  • 155
    • 0034893339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative sensory testing, neurophysiological and psychological examination in patients with complex regional pain syndrome and hemisensory deficits
    • Rommel, O., Malin, J. P., Zenz, M. & Janig, W. Quantitative sensory testing, neurophysiological and psychological examination in patients with complex regional pain syndrome and hemisensory deficits. Pain 93, 279-293 (2001).
    • (2001) Pain , vol.93 , pp. 279-293
    • Rommel, O.1    Malin, J.P.2    Zenz, M.3    Janig, W.4
  • 156
    • 0031772920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality assessment of patients with complex regional pain syndrome type I
    • Monti, D. A., Herring, C. L., Schwartzman, R. J. & Marchese, M. Personality assessment of patients with complex regional pain syndrome type I. Clin. J. Pain 14, 295-302 (1998).
    • (1998) Clin. J. Pain , vol.14 , pp. 295-302
    • Monti, D.A.1    Herring, C.L.2    Schwartzman, R.J.3    Marchese, M.4
  • 157
    • 0030854084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological dysfunction in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy
    • Ciccone, D. S., Bandilla, E. B. & Wu, W. Psychological dysfunction in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Pain 71, 323-333 (1997).
    • (1997) Pain , vol.71 , pp. 323-333
    • Ciccone, D.S.1    Bandilla, E.B.2    Wu, W.3
  • 158
    • 0027261058 scopus 로고
    • A psychosocial and behavioral comparison of reflex sympathetic dystrophy, low back pain, and headache patients
    • DeGood, D. E., Cundiff, G. W., Adams, L. E. & Shutty, M. S. Jr. A psychosocial and behavioral comparison of reflex sympathetic dystrophy, low back pain, and headache patients. Pain 54, 317-322 (1993).
    • (1993) Pain , vol.54 , pp. 317-322
    • DeGood, D.E.1    Cundiff, G.W.2    Adams, L.E.3    Shutty, M.S.4
  • 159
    • 84904040344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between psychological factors, pain and disability in complex regional pain syndrome and low back pain
    • Bean, D. J., Johnson, M. H. & Kydd, R. R. Relationships between psychological factors, pain and disability in complex regional pain syndrome and low back pain. Clin. J. Pain 30, 647-653 (2014).
    • (2014) Clin. J. Pain , vol.30 , pp. 647-653
    • Bean, D.J.1    Johnson, M.H.2    Kydd, R.R.3
  • 160
    • 53049095930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical history and the onset of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)
    • de Mos, M. et al. Medical history and the onset of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Pain 139, 458-466 (2008).
    • (2008) Pain , vol.139 , pp. 458-466
    • De Mos, M.1
  • 161
    • 69249216379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there an association between psychological factors and the complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1) in adults? A systematic review
    • Beerthuizen, A., van 't Spijker, A., Huygen, F. J., Klein, J. & de Wit, R. Is there an association between psychological factors and the complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1) in adults? A systematic review. Pain 145, 52-59 (2009).
    • (2009) Pain , vol.145 , pp. 52-59
    • Beerthuizen, A.1    Van Spijker, A.2    Huygen, F.J.3    Klein, J.4    De Wit, R.5
  • 162
    • 0031049096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological distress associated with algodystrophy
    • Field, J. & Gardner, F. V. Psychological distress associated with algodystrophy. J. Hand Surg. Br. 22, 100-101 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Hand Surg. Br. , vol.22 , pp. 100-101
    • Field, J.1    Gardner, F.V.2
  • 163
    • 27744593058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome type 1 after fractures of the distal radius: A prospective study of the role of psychological factors
    • Puchalski, P. & Zyluk, A. Complex regional pain syndrome type 1 after fractures of the distal radius: A prospective study of the role of psychological factors. J. Hand Surg. Br. 30, 574-580 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Hand Surg. Br. , vol.30 , pp. 574-580
    • Puchalski, P.1    Zyluk, A.2
  • 164
    • 79958811193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between psychological factors and the development of complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1)-A prospective multicenter study
    • Beerthuizen, A. et al. The association between psychological factors and the development of complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1)-A prospective multicenter study. Eur. J. Pain 15, 971-975 (2011).
    • (2011) Eur. J. Pain , vol.15 , pp. 971-975
    • Beerthuizen, A.1
  • 165
    • 0027080381 scopus 로고
    • Predisposing psychological factors in the development of reflex sympathetic dystrophy. A review of the empirical evidence
    • Bruehl, S. & Carlson, C. R. Predisposing psychological factors in the development of reflex sympathetic dystrophy. A review of the empirical evidence. Clin. J. Pain 8, 287-299 (1992).
    • (1992) Clin. J. Pain , vol.8 , pp. 287-299
    • Bruehl, S.1    Carlson, C.R.2
  • 166
    • 77956988811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An update on the pathophysiology of complex regional pain syndrome
    • Bruehl, S. An update on the pathophysiology of complex regional pain syndrome. Anesthesiology 113, 713-725 (2010).
    • (2010) Anesthesiology , vol.113 , pp. 713-725
    • Bruehl, S.1
  • 167
    • 82755175635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ch. 13 (eds Wilson, P. R. et al.) (IASP Press
    • Bruehl, S. in CRPS: Current Diagnosis and Therapy Vol. 32 Ch. 13 (eds Wilson, P. R. et al.) 201-216 (IASP Press, 2005).
    • (2005) CRPS: Current Diagnosis and Therapy , vol.32 , pp. 201-216
    • Bruehl, S.1
  • 168
    • 0036065556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical therapy and cognitive-behavioral treatment for complex regional pain syndromes
    • Lee, B. H. et al. Physical therapy and cognitive-behavioral treatment for complex regional pain syndromes. J. Pediatr. 141, 135-140 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Pediatr. , vol.141 , pp. 135-140
    • Lee, B.H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.