메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 124, Issue 10, 2013, Pages 2025-2035

Deficient muscle activation in patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome and abnormal hand postures: An electromyographic evaluation

Author keywords

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome; Dystonia; Electromyography; Motor impairments; Muscle activation

Indexed keywords

ABNORMAL HAND POSTURE; ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY POSTURE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMPLEX REGIONAL PAIN SYNDROME TYPE I; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; DYSTONIA; ELECTROMYOGRAM; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; EXTENSOR MUSCLE; FEMALE; FLEXOR MUSCLE; HUMAN; MALE; MOTOR DYSFUNCTION; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANGE OF MOTION; WRIST;

EID: 84883053929     PISSN: 13882457     EISSN: 18728952     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2013.03.029     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (12)

References (71)
  • 1
    • 84873641429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor consequences of experimentally induced limb pain: a systematic review
    • Bank P.J.M., Peper C.E., Marinus J., Beek P.J., van Hilten J.J. Motor consequences of experimentally induced limb pain: a systematic review. Eur J Pain 2013, 17:145-157.
    • (2013) Eur J Pain , vol.17 , pp. 145-157
    • Bank, P.J.M.1    Peper, C.E.2    Marinus, J.3    Beek, P.J.4    van Hilten, J.J.5
  • 2
    • 77955721314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gross muscle morphology and structure in spastic cerebral palsy: a systematic review
    • Barrett R.S., Lichtwark G.A. Gross muscle morphology and structure in spastic cerebral palsy: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol 2010, 52:794-804.
    • (2010) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.52 , pp. 794-804
    • Barrett, R.S.1    Lichtwark, G.A.2
  • 3
    • 79958811193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between psychological factors and the development of complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1)-a prospective multicenter study
    • Beerthuizen A., Stronks D.L., Huygen F.J., Passchier J., Klein J., Spijker A.V. The association between psychological factors and the development of complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1)-a prospective multicenter study. Eur J Pain 2011, 15:971-975.
    • (2011) Eur J Pain , vol.15 , pp. 971-975
    • Beerthuizen, A.1    Stronks, D.L.2    Huygen, F.J.3    Passchier, J.4    Klein, J.5    Spijker, A.V.6
  • 4
    • 0034055805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurological findings in complex regional pain syndromes-analysis of 145 cases
    • Birklein F., Riedl B., Sieweke N., Weber M., Neundorfer B. Neurological findings in complex regional pain syndromes-analysis of 145 cases. Acta Neurol Scand 2000, 101:262-269.
    • (2000) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.101 , pp. 262-269
    • Birklein, F.1    Riedl, B.2    Sieweke, N.3    Weber, M.4    Neundorfer, B.5
  • 5
    • 77957018598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How should we normalize electromyograms obtained from healthy participants? What we have learned from over 25years of research
    • Burden A. How should we normalize electromyograms obtained from healthy participants? What we have learned from over 25years of research. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2010, 20:1023-1035.
    • (2010) J Electromyogr Kinesiol , vol.20 , pp. 1023-1035
    • Burden, A.1
  • 6
    • 0034234214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle force production and functional performance in spastic cerebral palsy: relationship of cocontraction
    • Damiano D.L., Martellotta T.L., Sullivan D.J., Granata K.P., Abel M.F. Muscle force production and functional performance in spastic cerebral palsy: relationship of cocontraction. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000, 81:895-900.
    • (2000) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.81 , pp. 895-900
    • Damiano, D.L.1    Martellotta, T.L.2    Sullivan, D.J.3    Granata, K.P.4    Abel, M.F.5
  • 7
    • 60549112390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Needle electromyography
    • Daube J.R., Rubin D.I. Needle electromyography. Muscle Nerve 2009, 39:244-270.
    • (2009) Muscle Nerve , vol.39 , pp. 244-270
    • Daube, J.R.1    Rubin, D.I.2
  • 8
    • 82755192908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain-related fear, perceived harmfulness of activities, and functional limitations in complex regional pain syndrome type I
    • de Jong J.R., Vlaeyen J.W., de Gelder J.M., Patijn J. Pain-related fear, perceived harmfulness of activities, and functional limitations in complex regional pain syndrome type I. J Pain 2011, 12:1209-1218.
    • (2011) J Pain , vol.12 , pp. 1209-1218
    • de Jong, J.R.1    Vlaeyen, J.W.2    de Gelder, J.M.3    Patijn, J.4
  • 9
    • 0030973129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of surface electromyography in biomechanics
    • De Luca C.J. The use of surface electromyography in biomechanics. J Appl Biomech 1997, 13:135-163.
    • (1997) J Appl Biomech , vol.13 , pp. 135-163
    • De Luca, C.J.1
  • 10
    • 79955090214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immediate response to botulinum toxin injections in patients with fixed dystonia
    • Edwards M.J., Bhatia K.P., Cordivari C. Immediate response to botulinum toxin injections in patients with fixed dystonia. Mov Disord 2011, 26:917-918.
    • (2011) Mov Disord , vol.26 , pp. 917-918
    • Edwards, M.J.1    Bhatia, K.P.2    Cordivari, C.3
  • 11
    • 0023675531 scopus 로고
    • Concept and classification of dystonia
    • Fahn S. Concept and classification of dystonia. Adv Neurol 1988, 50:1-8.
    • (1988) Adv Neurol , vol.50 , pp. 1-8
    • Fahn, S.1
  • 12
    • 3843110367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired self-perception of the hand in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)
    • Forderreuther S., Sailer U., Straube A. Impaired self-perception of the hand in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Pain 2004, 110:756-761.
    • (2004) Pain , vol.110 , pp. 756-761
    • Forderreuther, S.1    Sailer, U.2    Straube, A.3
  • 13
    • 33746792902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severity and specificity of neglect-like symptoms in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) compared to chronic limb pain of other origins
    • Frettloh J., Huppe M., Maier C. Severity and specificity of neglect-like symptoms in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) compared to chronic limb pain of other origins. Pain 2006, 124:184-189.
    • (2006) Pain , vol.124 , pp. 184-189
    • Frettloh, J.1    Huppe, M.2    Maier, C.3
  • 14
    • 0025043863 scopus 로고
    • The clinical symptoms in post-traumatic dystrophy
    • Goris R.J., Reynen J.A., Veldman P. The clinical symptoms in post-traumatic dystrophy. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1990, 134:2138-2141.
    • (1990) Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd , vol.134 , pp. 2138-2141
    • Goris, R.J.1    Reynen, J.A.2    Veldman, P.3
  • 15
    • 0035103813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The peripheral apparatus of muscle pain: evidence from animal and human studies
    • Graven-Nielsen T., Mense S. The peripheral apparatus of muscle pain: evidence from animal and human studies. Clin J Pain 2001, 17:2-10.
    • (2001) Clin J Pain , vol.17 , pp. 2-10
    • Graven-Nielsen, T.1    Mense, S.2
  • 16
    • 0032869925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome: are the IASP diagnostic criteria valid and sufficiently comprehensive?
    • Harden R.N., Bruehl S., Galer B.S., Saltz S., Bertram M., Backonja M., et al. Complex regional pain syndrome: are the IASP diagnostic criteria valid and sufficiently comprehensive?. Pain 1999, 83:211-219.
    • (1999) Pain , vol.83 , pp. 211-219
    • Harden, R.N.1    Bruehl, S.2    Galer, B.S.3    Saltz, S.4    Bertram, M.5    Backonja, M.6
  • 17
    • 20444366249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medication quantification scale version III: update in medication classes and revised detriment weights by survey of American Pain Society Physicians
    • Harden R.N., Weinland S.R., Remble T.A., Houle T.T., Colio S., Steedman S., et al. Medication quantification scale version III: update in medication classes and revised detriment weights by survey of American Pain Society Physicians. J Pain 2005, 6:364-371.
    • (2005) J Pain , vol.6 , pp. 364-371
    • Harden, R.N.1    Weinland, S.R.2    Remble, T.A.3    Houle, T.T.4    Colio, S.5    Steedman, S.6
  • 18
    • 34447292383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proposed new diagnostic criteria for complex regional pain syndrome
    • Harden R.N., Bruehl S., Stanton-Hicks M., Wilson P.R. Proposed new diagnostic criteria for complex regional pain syndrome. Pain Med 2007, 8:326-331.
    • (2007) Pain Med , vol.8 , pp. 326-331
    • Harden, R.N.1    Bruehl, S.2    Stanton-Hicks, M.3    Wilson, P.R.4
  • 19
    • 80051521918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychogenic dystonia and peripheral trauma
    • Hawley J.S., Weiner W.J. Psychogenic dystonia and peripheral trauma. Neurology 2011, 77:496-502.
    • (2011) Neurology , vol.77 , pp. 496-502
    • Hawley, J.S.1    Weiner, W.J.2
  • 20
    • 0027006091 scopus 로고
    • Effects of short length immobilization of medial gastrocnemius muscle of growing young adult rats
    • Heslinga J.W., Huijing P.A. Effects of short length immobilization of medial gastrocnemius muscle of growing young adult rats. Eur J Morphol 1992, 30:257-273.
    • (1992) Eur J Morphol , vol.30 , pp. 257-273
    • Heslinga, J.W.1    Huijing, P.A.2
  • 21
    • 79951577401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moving differently in pain: a new theory to explain the adaptation to pain
    • Hodges P.W., Tucker K. Moving differently in pain: a new theory to explain the adaptation to pain. Pain 2011, 152:S90-S98.
    • (2011) Pain , vol.152
    • Hodges, P.W.1    Tucker, K.2
  • 22
    • 79955727961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex interaction of sensory and motor signs and symptoms in chronic CRPS
    • Huge V., Lauchart M., Magerl W., Beyer A., Moehnle P., Kaufhold W., et al. Complex interaction of sensory and motor signs and symptoms in chronic CRPS. PLoS One 2011, 6:e18775.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6
    • Huge, V.1    Lauchart, M.2    Magerl, W.3    Beyer, A.4    Moehnle, P.5    Kaufhold, W.6
  • 23
    • 35348940604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epimuscular myofascial force transmission between antagonistic and synergistic muscles can explain movement limitation in spastic paresis
    • Huijing P.A. Epimuscular myofascial force transmission between antagonistic and synergistic muscles can explain movement limitation in spastic paresis. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2007, 17:708-724.
    • (2007) J Electromyogr Kinesiol , vol.17 , pp. 708-724
    • Huijing, P.A.1
  • 25
    • 0031609926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical therapy and botulinum toxin in dystonia
    • Jankovic J. Medical therapy and botulinum toxin in dystonia. Adv Neurol 1998, 78:169-183.
    • (1998) Adv Neurol , vol.78 , pp. 169-183
    • Jankovic, J.1
  • 26
    • 36249021564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body perception disturbance: a contribution to pain in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)
    • Lewis J.S., Kersten P., McCabe C.S., McPherson K.M., Blake D.R. Body perception disturbance: a contribution to pain in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Pain 2007, 133:111-119.
    • (2007) Pain , vol.133 , pp. 111-119
    • Lewis, J.S.1    Kersten, P.2    McCabe, C.S.3    McPherson, K.M.4    Blake, D.R.5
  • 27
    • 77952111730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wherever is my arm? Impaired upper limb position accuracy in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Lewis J.S., Kersten P., McPherson K.M., Taylor G.J., Harris N., McCabe C.S., et al. Wherever is my arm? Impaired upper limb position accuracy in complex regional pain syndrome. Pain 2010, 149:463-469.
    • (2010) Pain , vol.149 , pp. 463-469
    • Lewis, J.S.1    Kersten, P.2    McPherson, K.M.3    Taylor, G.J.4    Harris, N.5    McCabe, C.S.6
  • 28
    • 77955327981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative sensory testing in the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS): somatosensory abnormalities in 1236 patients with different neuropathic pain syndromes
    • Maier C., Baron R., Tolle T.R., Binder A., Birbaumer N., Birklein F., et al. Quantitative sensory testing in the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS): somatosensory abnormalities in 1236 patients with different neuropathic pain syndromes. Pain 2010, 150:439-450.
    • (2010) Pain , vol.150 , pp. 439-450
    • Maier, C.1    Baron, R.2    Tolle, T.R.3    Binder, A.4    Birbaumer, N.5    Birklein, F.6
  • 29
    • 34848916086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The motor system shows adaptive changes in complex regional pain syndrome
    • Maihofner C., Baron R., DeCol R., Binder A., Birklein F., Deuschl G., et al. The motor system shows adaptive changes in complex regional pain syndrome. Brain 2007, 130:2671-2687.
    • (2007) Brain , vol.130 , pp. 2671-2687
    • Maihofner, C.1    Baron, R.2    DeCol, R.3    Binder, A.4    Birklein, F.5    Deuschl, G.6
  • 30
    • 35348938991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The morphology of the medial gastrocnemius in typically developing children and children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy
    • Malaiya R., McNee A.E., Fry N.R., Eve L.C., Gough M., Shortland A.P. The morphology of the medial gastrocnemius in typically developing children and children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2007, 17:657-663.
    • (2007) J Electromyogr Kinesiol , vol.17 , pp. 657-663
    • Malaiya, R.1    McNee, A.E.2    Fry, N.R.3    Eve, L.C.4    Gough, M.5    Shortland, A.P.6
  • 31
    • 33751527548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does dystonia always include co-contraction? A study of unconstrained reaching in children with primary and secondary dystonia
    • Malfait N., Sanger T.D. Does dystonia always include co-contraction? A study of unconstrained reaching in children with primary and secondary dystonia. Exp Brain Res 2007, 176:206-216.
    • (2007) Exp Brain Res , vol.176 , pp. 206-216
    • Malfait, N.1    Sanger, T.D.2
  • 33
    • 54449094848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An embarrassment of pain perceptions? Towards an understanding of and explanation for the clinical presentation of CRPS type 1
    • McCabe C.S., Blake D.R. An embarrassment of pain perceptions? Towards an understanding of and explanation for the clinical presentation of CRPS type 1. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008, 47:1612-1616.
    • (2008) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.47 , pp. 1612-1616
    • McCabe, C.S.1    Blake, D.R.2
  • 34
    • 0016725211 scopus 로고
    • The McGill pain questionnaire: major properties and scoring methods
    • Melzack R. The McGill pain questionnaire: major properties and scoring methods. Pain 1975, 1:277-299.
    • (1975) Pain , vol.1 , pp. 277-299
    • Melzack, R.1
  • 35
    • 83555176299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling movement disorders-CRPS-related dystonia explained by abnormal proprioceptive reflexes
    • Mugge W., Munts A.G., Schouten A.C., van der Helm F.C. Modeling movement disorders-CRPS-related dystonia explained by abnormal proprioceptive reflexes. J Biomech 2012, 45:90-98.
    • (2012) J Biomech , vol.45 , pp. 90-98
    • Mugge, W.1    Munts, A.G.2    Schouten, A.C.3    van der Helm, F.C.4
  • 36
    • 84856215531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stretch reflex responses in complex regional pain syndrome-related dystonia are not characterized by hyperreflexia
    • Mugge W., Schouten A.C., Bast G.J., Schuurmans J., van Hilten J.J., van der Helm F.C. Stretch reflex responses in complex regional pain syndrome-related dystonia are not characterized by hyperreflexia. Clin Neurophysiol 2012, 123:569-576.
    • (2012) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.123 , pp. 569-576
    • Mugge, W.1    Schouten, A.C.2    Bast, G.J.3    Schuurmans, J.4    van Hilten, J.J.5    van der Helm, F.C.6
  • 38
    • 79956274768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fixed dystonia in complex regional pain syndrome: a descriptive and computational modeling approach
    • Munts A.G., Mugge W., Meurs T.S., Schouten A.C., Marinus J., Moseley G.L., et al. Fixed dystonia in complex regional pain syndrome: a descriptive and computational modeling approach. BMC Neurol 2011, 11:53.
    • (2011) BMC Neurol , vol.11 , pp. 53
    • Munts, A.G.1    Mugge, W.2    Meurs, T.S.3    Schouten, A.C.4    Marinus, J.5    Moseley, G.L.6
  • 39
    • 0034031643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Radboud skills questionnaire: construction and reliability in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy of one upper extremity
    • Oerlemans H.M., Cup E.H., DeBoo T., Goris R.J., Oostendorp R.A. The Radboud skills questionnaire: construction and reliability in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy of one upper extremity. Disabil Rehabil 2000, 22:233-245.
    • (2000) Disabil Rehabil , vol.22 , pp. 233-245
    • Oerlemans, H.M.1    Cup, E.H.2    DeBoo, T.3    Goris, R.J.4    Oostendorp, R.A.5
  • 40
    • 0015021890 scopus 로고
    • The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh inventory
    • Oldfield R.C. The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia 1971, 9:97-113.
    • (1971) Neuropsychologia , vol.9 , pp. 97-113
    • Oldfield, R.C.1
  • 42
    • 0015951205 scopus 로고
    • Discharge patterns of Renshaw cells evoked by volleys in ipsilateral cutaneous and high-threshold muscle afferents and their relationship to reflexes recorded in ventral roots
    • Piercey M.F., Goldfarb J. Discharge patterns of Renshaw cells evoked by volleys in ipsilateral cutaneous and high-threshold muscle afferents and their relationship to reflexes recorded in ventral roots. J Neurophysiol 1974, 37:294-302.
    • (1974) J Neurophysiol , vol.37 , pp. 294-302
    • Piercey, M.F.1    Goldfarb, J.2
  • 43
    • 53149103942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological features of patients with complex regional pain syndrome type I related dystonia
    • Reedijk W.B., van Rijn M.A., Roelofs K., Tuijl J.P., Marinus J., van Hilten J.J. Psychological features of patients with complex regional pain syndrome type I related dystonia. Mov Disord 2008, 23:1551-1559.
    • (2008) Mov Disord , vol.23 , pp. 1551-1559
    • Reedijk, W.B.1    van Rijn, M.A.2    Roelofs, K.3    Tuijl, J.P.4    Marinus, J.5    van Hilten, J.J.6
  • 44
    • 84886774212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Informational and neuromuscular contributions to anchoring in rhythmic wrist cycling
    • Roerdink M, Ridderikhoff A, Peper CE, Beek PJ. Informational and neuromuscular contributions to anchoring in rhythmic wrist cycling. Ann Biomed Eng 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10439-012-0680-7.
    • (2012) Ann Biomed Eng
    • Roerdink, M.1    Ridderikhoff, A.2    Peper, C.E.3    Beek, P.J.4
  • 45
    • 0031558647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in Ib heteronymous inhibition to soleus motoneurones during cutaneous and muscle nociceptive stimulation in humans
    • Rossi A., Decchi B. Changes in Ib heteronymous inhibition to soleus motoneurones during cutaneous and muscle nociceptive stimulation in humans. Brain Res 1997, 774:55-61.
    • (1997) Brain Res , vol.774 , pp. 55-61
    • Rossi, A.1    Decchi, B.2
  • 46
    • 0033514008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the effect of chemically activated fine muscle afferents on interneurones mediating group I non-reciprocal inhibition of extensor ankle and knee muscles in humans
    • Rossi A., Decchi B., Dami S., Della V.R., Groccia V. On the effect of chemically activated fine muscle afferents on interneurones mediating group I non-reciprocal inhibition of extensor ankle and knee muscles in humans. Brain Res 1999, 815:106-110.
    • (1999) Brain Res , vol.815 , pp. 106-110
    • Rossi, A.1    Decchi, B.2    Dami, S.3    Della, V.R.4    Groccia, V.5
  • 47
    • 0033528273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presynaptic excitability changes of group Ia fibres to muscle nociceptive stimulation in humans
    • Rossi A., Decchi B., Ginanneschi F. Presynaptic excitability changes of group Ia fibres to muscle nociceptive stimulation in humans. Brain Res 1999, 818:12-22.
    • (1999) Brain Res , vol.818 , pp. 12-22
    • Rossi, A.1    Decchi, B.2    Ginanneschi, F.3
  • 48
    • 0037305133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of chemically activated fine muscle afferents on spinal recurrent inhibition in humans
    • Rossi A., Mazzocchio R., Decchi B. Effect of chemically activated fine muscle afferents on spinal recurrent inhibition in humans. Clin Neurophysiol 2003, 114:279-287.
    • (2003) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.114 , pp. 279-287
    • Rossi, A.1    Mazzocchio, R.2    Decchi, B.3
  • 51
    • 4944235067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The syndrome of fixed dystonia: an evaluation of 103 patients
    • Schrag A., Trimble M., Quinn N., Bhatia K. The syndrome of fixed dystonia: an evaluation of 103 patients. Brain 2004, 127:2360-2372.
    • (2004) Brain , vol.127 , pp. 2360-2372
    • Schrag, A.1    Trimble, M.2    Quinn, N.3    Bhatia, K.4
  • 52
    • 0025022663 scopus 로고
    • The movement disorder of reflex sympathetic dystrophy
    • Schwartzman R.J., Kerrigan J. The movement disorder of reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Neurology 1990, 40:57-61.
    • (1990) Neurology , vol.40 , pp. 57-61
    • Schwartzman, R.J.1    Kerrigan, J.2
  • 53
    • 70450223904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outpatient intravenous ketamine for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: a double-blind placebo controlled study
    • Schwartzman R.J., Alexander G.M., Grothusen J.R., Paylor T., Reichenberger E., Perreault M. Outpatient intravenous ketamine for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: a double-blind placebo controlled study. Pain 2009, 147:107-115.
    • (2009) Pain , vol.147 , pp. 107-115
    • Schwartzman, R.J.1    Alexander, G.M.2    Grothusen, J.R.3    Paylor, T.4    Reichenberger, E.5    Perreault, M.6
  • 54
    • 0036125652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Architecture of the medial gastrocnemius in children with spastic diplegia
    • Shortland A.P., Harris C.A., Gough M., Robinson R.O. Architecture of the medial gastrocnemius in children with spastic diplegia. Dev Med Child Neurol 2002, 44:158-163.
    • (2002) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.44 , pp. 158-163
    • Shortland, A.P.1    Harris, C.A.2    Gough, M.3    Robinson, R.O.4
  • 55
    • 69649087572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine produces effective and long-term pain relief in patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1
    • Sigtermans M.J., van Hilten J.J., Bauer M.C., Arbous M.S., Marinus J., Sarton E.Y., et al. Ketamine produces effective and long-term pain relief in patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1. Pain 2009, 145:304-311.
    • (2009) Pain , vol.145 , pp. 304-311
    • Sigtermans, M.J.1    van Hilten, J.J.2    Bauer, M.C.3    Arbous, M.S.4    Marinus, J.5    Sarton, E.Y.6
  • 56
    • 0034061018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A guide for use and interpretation of kinesiologic electromyographic data
    • Soderberg G.L., Knutson L.M. A guide for use and interpretation of kinesiologic electromyographic data. Phys Ther 2000, 80:485-498.
    • (2000) Phys Ther , vol.80 , pp. 485-498
    • Soderberg, G.L.1    Knutson, L.M.2
  • 58
    • 70349241943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical changes in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)
    • Swart C.M., Stins J.F., Beek P.J. Cortical changes in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Eur J Pain 2009, 13:902-907.
    • (2009) Eur J Pain , vol.13 , pp. 902-907
    • Swart, C.M.1    Stins, J.F.2    Beek, P.J.3
  • 60
    • 84857369336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Similar alteration of motor unit recruitment strategies during the anticipation and experience of pain
    • Tucker K., Larsson A.K., Oknelid S., Hodges P. Similar alteration of motor unit recruitment strategies during the anticipation and experience of pain. Pain 2012, 153:636-643.
    • (2012) Pain , vol.153 , pp. 636-643
    • Tucker, K.1    Larsson, A.K.2    Oknelid, S.3    Hodges, P.4
  • 61
    • 0036131442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiologic aspects of patients with generalized or multifocal tonic dystonia of reflex sympathetic dystrophy
    • van de Beek W.J., Vein A., Hilgevoord A.A., van Dijk J.G., van Hilten B.J. Neurophysiologic aspects of patients with generalized or multifocal tonic dystonia of reflex sympathetic dystrophy. J Clin Neurophysiol 2002, 19:77-83.
    • (2002) J Clin Neurophysiol , vol.19 , pp. 77-83
    • van de Beek, W.J.1    Vein, A.2    Hilgevoord, A.A.3    van Dijk, J.G.4    van Hilten, B.J.5
  • 62
    • 0031843790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex regional pain syndrome type I (RSD): pathology of skeletal muscle and peripheral nerve
    • van der Laan L., ter Laak H.J., Gabreels-Festen A., Gabreels F., Goris R.J. Complex regional pain syndrome type I (RSD): pathology of skeletal muscle and peripheral nerve. Neurology 1998, 51:20-25.
    • (1998) Neurology , vol.51 , pp. 20-25
    • van der Laan, L.1    ter Laak, H.J.2    Gabreels-Festen, A.3    Gabreels, F.4    Goris, R.J.5
  • 63
    • 0034739278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrathecal baclofen for the treatment of dystonia in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy
    • van Hilten B.J., van de Beek W.J., Hoff J.I., Voormolen J.H., Delhaas E.M. Intrathecal baclofen for the treatment of dystonia in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy. N Engl J Med 2000, 343:625-630.
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.343 , pp. 625-630
    • van Hilten, B.J.1    van de Beek, W.J.2    Hoff, J.I.3    Voormolen, J.H.4    Delhaas, E.M.5
  • 64
    • 34250801605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Onset and progression of dystonia in complex regional pain syndrome
    • van Rijn M.A., Marinus J., Putter H., van Hilten J.J. Onset and progression of dystonia in complex regional pain syndrome. Pain 2007, 130:287-293.
    • (2007) Pain , vol.130 , pp. 287-293
    • van Rijn, M.A.1    Marinus, J.2    Putter, H.3    van Hilten, J.J.4
  • 68
    • 84871973679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrasound Appearance of Forearm Muscles in 18 Patients With Complex Regional Pain Syndrome 1 of the Upper Extremity
    • Vas L.C., Pai R., Radhakrishnan M. Ultrasound Appearance of Forearm Muscles in 18 Patients With Complex Regional Pain Syndrome 1 of the Upper Extremity. Pain Pract 2013, 13:76-88.
    • (2013) Pain Pract , vol.13 , pp. 76-88
    • Vas, L.C.1    Pai, R.2    Radhakrishnan, M.3
  • 69
    • 0027443346 scopus 로고
    • Signs and symptoms of reflex sympathetic dystrophy: prospective study of 829 patients
    • Veldman P.H., Reynen H.M., Arntz I.E., Goris R.J. Signs and symptoms of reflex sympathetic dystrophy: prospective study of 829 patients. Lancet 1993, 342:1012-1016.
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.342 , pp. 1012-1016
    • Veldman, P.H.1    Reynen, H.M.2    Arntz, I.E.3    Goris, R.J.4
  • 70
    • 11144274470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle focus: a new biomechanical-based index on the selectivity of EMG activity and its application in quantifying the muscle coactivation patterns during isometric torque generation at the elbow and shoulder
    • Yao J., Acosta A.M., Dewald J. Muscle focus: a new biomechanical-based index on the selectivity of EMG activity and its application in quantifying the muscle coactivation patterns during isometric torque generation at the elbow and shoulder. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2004, 7:4677-4679.
    • (2004) Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc , vol.7 , pp. 4677-4679
    • Yao, J.1    Acosta, A.M.2    Dewald, J.3
  • 71
    • 0035062228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sequelae of reflex sympathetic dystrophy
    • Zyluk A. The sequelae of reflex sympathetic dystrophy. J Hand Surg Br 2001, 26:151-154.
    • (2001) J Hand Surg Br , vol.26 , pp. 151-154
    • Zyluk, A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.