메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 230, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 271-281

Neurodevelopmental and neurobehavioural effects of polybrominated and perfluorinated chemicals: A systematic review of the epidemiological literature using a quality assessment scheme

Author keywords

Neurodevelopment; Perfluorinated chemicals; Polybromo diphenylethers; Postnatal exposure; Prenatal exposure; Quality assessment

Indexed keywords

PERFLUORO COMPOUND; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHER; DIPHENYL ETHER DERIVATIVE; FLUOROCARBON;

EID: 84907174355     PISSN: 03784274     EISSN: 18793169     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.02.015     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (45)

References (100)
  • 1
    • 0242319568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An overview of commercially used brominated flame retardants, their applications, their use patterns in different countries/regions and possible modes of release
    • Alaee M., Arias P., Sjo¨din A., Bergman A. An overview of commercially used brominated flame retardants, their applications, their use patterns in different countries/regions and possible modes of release. Environ. Int. 2003, 29:683-689.
    • (2003) Environ. Int. , vol.29 , pp. 683-689
    • Alaee, M.1    Arias, P.2    Sjo¨din, A.3    Bergman, A.4
  • 5
    • 84907160032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicological profile for Perfluoroalkyls. (Draft for Public Comment) Atlanta, GA
    • Available at, last accessed on September 10, 2013.
    • ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry), 2009. Toxicological profile for Perfluoroalkyls. (Draft for Public Comment) Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. Available at, last accessed on September 10, 2013. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp200.pdf.
    • (2009) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service
  • 6
    • 2442695245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What you see may not be what you get: a brief, nontechnical introduction to overfitting in regression-type models
    • Babyak M.A. What you see may not be what you get: a brief, nontechnical introduction to overfitting in regression-type models. Psychosom. Med. 2004, 66:411-421.
    • (2004) Psychosom. Med. , vol.66 , pp. 411-421
    • Babyak, M.A.1
  • 8
    • 84879018645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal exposures to environmental chemicals and children's neurodevelopment: An update
    • Bellinger D.C. Prenatal exposures to environmental chemicals and children's neurodevelopment: An update. Saf. Health Work 2013, 4:1-11.
    • (2013) Saf. Health Work , vol.4 , pp. 1-11
    • Bellinger, D.C.1
  • 9
    • 0035110181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rationale for a national prospective cohort study of environmental exposure and childhood development
    • Berkowitz G.S., Wolff M.S., Matte T., Susser E., Landrigan P.J. The rationale for a national prospective cohort study of environmental exposure and childhood development. Environ. Res. 2001, 85:59-68.
    • (2001) Environ. Res. , vol.85 , pp. 59-68
    • Berkowitz, G.S.1    Wolff, M.S.2    Matte, T.3    Susser, E.4    Landrigan, P.J.5
  • 10
    • 0036479834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapidly rising PBDE levels in North America
    • Betts K.S. Rapidly rising PBDE levels in North America. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002, 36:50A-52A.
    • (2002) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.36 , pp. 50A-52A
    • Betts, K.S.1
  • 11
    • 50449093681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New thinking on flame retardants
    • Betts K.S. New thinking on flame retardants. Environ. Health Perspect. 2008, 116:A210-A213.
    • (2008) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.116 , pp. A210-A213
    • Betts, K.S.1
  • 12
    • 77956212444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An inkling of suspicion: prenatal exposure to PBDEs and neurodevelopmental impairment
    • Betts K.S. An inkling of suspicion: prenatal exposure to PBDEs and neurodevelopmental impairment. Environ. Health Perspect. 2010, 118:A216.
    • (2010) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.118 , pp. A216
    • Betts, K.S.1
  • 15
    • 84868009704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why is it so difficult to choose safer alternatives for hazardous chemicals?
    • Brown V.J. Why is it so difficult to choose safer alternatives for hazardous chemicals?. Environ. Health Perspect. 2012, 120:a280-a283.
    • (2012) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.120 , pp. a280-a283
    • Brown, V.J.1
  • 16
    • 77953684306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels and trends of poly- and perfluorinated compounds in the arctic environment
    • Butt C.M., Berger U., Bossi R., Tomy G.T. Levels and trends of poly- and perfluorinated compounds in the arctic environment. Sci. Total Environ. 2010, 408:2936-2965.
    • (2010) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.408 , pp. 2936-2965
    • Butt, C.M.1    Berger, U.2    Bossi, R.3    Tomy, G.T.4
  • 17
    • 38449122211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyfluoroalkyl chemicals in the U.S. population: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004 and comparisons with NHANES 1999-2000
    • Calafat A.M., Wong L.Y., Kuklenyik Z., Reidy J.A., Needham L.L. Polyfluoroalkyl chemicals in the U.S. population: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004 and comparisons with NHANES 1999-2000. Environ. Health Perspect. 2007, 115:1596-1602.
    • (2007) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.115 , pp. 1596-1602
    • Calafat, A.M.1    Wong, L.Y.2    Kuklenyik, Z.3    Reidy, J.A.4    Needham, L.L.5
  • 18
    • 33845651815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in breast milk from central Taiwan and their relation to infant birth outcome and maternal menstruation effects
    • Chao H.R., Wang S.L., Lee W.J., Wang Y.F., Papke O. Levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in breast milk from central Taiwan and their relation to infant birth outcome and maternal menstruation effects. Environ. Int. 2007, 33:239-245.
    • (2007) Environ. Int. , vol.33 , pp. 239-245
    • Chao, H.R.1    Wang, S.L.2    Lee, W.J.3    Wang, Y.F.4    Papke, O.5
  • 19
    • 80855130789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels of breast milk PBDEs from southern Taiwan and their potential impact on neurodevelopment
    • Chao H.R., Tsou T.C., Huang H.L., Chang-Chien G.P. Levels of breast milk PBDEs from southern Taiwan and their potential impact on neurodevelopment. Pediatr. Res. 2011, 70:596-600.
    • (2011) Pediatr. Res. , vol.70 , pp. 596-600
    • Chao, H.R.1    Tsou, T.C.2    Huang, H.L.3    Chang-Chien, G.P.4
  • 22
    • 66249088701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brominated flame retardants in children's toys: concentration, composition, and children's exposure and risk assessment
    • Chen S.J., Ma Y.J., Wang J., Chen D., Luo X.J., Mai B.X. Brominated flame retardants in children's toys: concentration, composition, and children's exposure and risk assessment. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009, 43:4200-4206.
    • (2009) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.43 , pp. 4200-4206
    • Chen, S.J.1    Ma, Y.J.2    Wang, J.3    Chen, D.4    Luo, X.J.5    Mai, B.X.6
  • 24
    • 0036223196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An overview of brominated flame retardants in the environment
    • de Wit C.A. An overview of brominated flame retardants in the environment. Chemosphere 2002, 46:583-624.
    • (2002) Chemosphere , vol.46 , pp. 583-624
    • de Wit, C.A.1
  • 26
    • 77955426396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomonitoring polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human milk as a function of environment, dietary intake, and demographics in New Hampshire
    • Dunn R.L., Huwe J.K., Carey G.B. Biomonitoring polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human milk as a function of environment, dietary intake, and demographics in New Hampshire. Chemosphere 2010, 80:1175-1182.
    • (2010) Chemosphere , vol.80 , pp. 1175-1182
    • Dunn, R.L.1    Huwe, J.K.2    Carey, G.B.3
  • 27
    • 84907160031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DIRECTIVE 2003/11/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 6 February 2003 amending for the 24th time Council Directive 76/769/EEC relating to restrictions on the marketing and use of certain dangerous substances and preparations (pentabromodiphenyl ether
    • Available at, last accessed on September 10, 2013.
    • EC (European Commission), 2003. DIRECTIVE 2003/11/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 6 February 2003 amending for the 24th time Council Directive 76/769/EEC relating to restrictions on the marketing and use of certain dangerous substances and preparations (pentabromodiphenyl ether, octabromodiphenyl ether. Available at, last accessed on September 10, 2013. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do%3Furi=OJ:L:2003:042:0045:0046:EN:PDF.
    • (2003) octabromodiphenyl ether
  • 28
    • 84907160030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Member State Committee support document for identification of pentadecaflurooctaonoic acid (PFOA)
    • adopted on 14 June 2013. Available at, last accessed on September 10, 2013.
    • ECHA (European Chemical Agency), 2013a. Member State Committee support document for identification of pentadecaflurooctaonoic acid (PFOA) as a substqance of very high concern because of its CMR and PBT properties, adopted on 14 June 2013. Available at, last accessed on September 10, 2013. http://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/1b26b219-6783-4981-9acf-154d620937b4.
    • (2013) as a substqance of very high concern because of its CMR and PBT properties
  • 29
    • 84907160029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Registry of current Restriction proposal intentions
    • Available at, last accessed on September 11, 2013.
    • ECHA (European Chemical Agency), 2013b. Registry of current Restriction proposal intentions. Available at, last accessed on September 11, 2013. http://echa.europa.eu/registry-of-current-restriction-proposal-intentions/-/substance/4301/search/+/term.
    • (2013)
  • 30
    • 0034775561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brominated flame retardants: a novel class of developmental neurotoxicants in our environment?
    • Eriksson P., Jakobsson E., Fredriksson A. Brominated flame retardants: a novel class of developmental neurotoxicants in our environment?. Environ. Health Perspect. 2001, 109:903-908.
    • (2001) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.109 , pp. 903-908
    • Eriksson, P.1    Jakobsson, E.2    Fredriksson, A.3
  • 33
    • 84880056142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DIRECTIVE 2011/65/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 8 June 2011 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (recast)
    • Available at, last accessed on September 10, 2013.
    • EU (European Union), 2011. DIRECTIVE 2011/65/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 8 June 2011 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (recast). Available at, last accessed on September 10, 2013. http://eurlex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do%3Furi=OJ:L:2011:174:0088:0110:en:PDF.
    • (2011)
  • 34
    • 55949135633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal exposure to perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and maternally reported developmental milestones in infancy
    • Fei C., McLaughlin J.K., Lipworth L., Olsen J. Prenatal exposure to perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and maternally reported developmental milestones in infancy. Environ. Health Perspect. 2008, 116:1391-1395.
    • (2008) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.116 , pp. 1391-1395
    • Fei, C.1    McLaughlin, J.K.2    Lipworth, L.3    Olsen, J.4
  • 35
    • 45849137415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal growth indicators and perfluorinated chemicals: a study in the Danish National Birth Cohort
    • Fei C., McLaughlin J.K., Tarone R.E., Olsen J. Fetal growth indicators and perfluorinated chemicals: a study in the Danish National Birth Cohort. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2008, 168:66-72.
    • (2008) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.168 , pp. 66-72
    • Fei, C.1    McLaughlin, J.K.2    Tarone, R.E.3    Olsen, J.4
  • 36
    • 79955561552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal exposure to perfluorinated chemicals and behavioral or coordination problems at age 7 years
    • Fei C., Olsen J. Prenatal exposure to perfluorinated chemicals and behavioral or coordination problems at age 7 years. Environ. Health Perspect. 2011, 119:573-578.
    • (2011) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.119 , pp. 573-578
    • Fei, C.1    Olsen, J.2
  • 40
    • 79951558029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of pre and postnatal exposure to low levels of polybromodiphenyl ethers on neurodevelopment and thyroid hormone levels at 4 years of age
    • Gascon M., Vrijheid M., Marti´nez D., Forns J., Grimalt J.O., Torrent M., Sunyer J. Effects of pre and postnatal exposure to low levels of polybromodiphenyl ethers on neurodevelopment and thyroid hormone levels at 4 years of age. Environ. Int. 2011, 37:605-611.
    • (2011) Environ. Int. , vol.37 , pp. 605-611
    • Gascon, M.1    Vrijheid, M.2    Marti´nez, D.3    Forns, J.4    Grimalt, J.O.5    Torrent, M.6    Sunyer, J.7
  • 42
    • 14744272838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terminal elimination half-lives of the brominated flame retardants TBBPA, HBCD, and lower brominated PBDEs in humans
    • Geyer H.J., Schramm K.-W., Darnerud P.O., Aune M., Feicht A., Fried K.W. Terminal elimination half-lives of the brominated flame retardants TBBPA, HBCD, and lower brominated PBDEs in humans. Organohalogen Compd. 2004, 66:3867-3872.
    • (2004) Organohalogen Compd. , vol.66 , pp. 3867-3872
    • Geyer, H.J.1    Schramm, K.-W.2    Darnerud, P.O.3    Aune, M.4    Feicht, A.5    Fried, K.W.6
  • 43
    • 79957850881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight-of-the-evidence assessment in neurodevelopmental epidemiology: a plea for consistency
    • Goodman M. Weight-of-the-evidence assessment in neurodevelopmental epidemiology: a plea for consistency. Neurotoxicol. Teratol. 2010, 32:507.
    • (2010) Neurotoxicol. Teratol. , vol.32 , pp. 507
    • Goodman, M.1
  • 44
  • 45
    • 33845424655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental neurotoxicity of industrial chemicals
    • Grandjean P., Landrigan P.J. Developmental neurotoxicity of industrial chemicals. Lancet 2006, 368:2167-2178.
    • (2006) Lancet , vol.368 , pp. 2167-2178
    • Grandjean, P.1    Landrigan, P.J.2
  • 46
    • 80053415938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perfluorochemical (PFC) exposure in children: associations with impaired response inhibition
    • Gump B.B., Wu Q., Dumas A.K., Kannan K. Perfluorochemical (PFC) exposure in children: associations with impaired response inhibition. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2011, 45:8151-8159.
    • (2011) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.45 , pp. 8151-8159
    • Gump, B.B.1    Wu, Q.2    Dumas, A.K.3    Kannan, K.4
  • 51
    • 84867177647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lactational exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and its relation to social and emotional development among toddlers
    • Hoffman K., Adgent M., Goldman B.D., Sjo¨din A., Daniels J.L. Lactational exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and its relation to social and emotional development among toddlers. Environ. Health Perspect. 2012, 120:1438-1442.
    • (2012) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.120 , pp. 1438-1442
    • Hoffman, K.1    Adgent, M.2    Goldman, B.D.3    Sjo¨din, A.4    Daniels, J.L.5
  • 52
    • 78650279630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to polyfluoroalkyl chemicals and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in U.S. children 12-15 years of age
    • Hoffman K., Webster T.F., Weisskopf M.G., Weinberg J., Vieira V.M. Exposure to polyfluoroalkyl chemicals and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in U.S. children 12-15 years of age. Environ. Health Perspect. 2010, 118:1762-1767.
    • (2010) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.118 , pp. 1762-1767
    • Hoffman, K.1    Webster, T.F.2    Weisskopf, M.G.3    Weinberg, J.4    Vieira, V.M.5
  • 54
    • 0030807268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for PCBs as neurodevelopmental toxicants in humans
    • Jacobson J.L., Jacobson S.W. Evidence for PCBs as neurodevelopmental toxicants in humans. Neurotoxicology 1997, 18:415-424.
    • (1997) Neurotoxicology , vol.18 , pp. 415-424
    • Jacobson, J.L.1    Jacobson, S.W.2
  • 55
    • 67349113995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of sources and pathways of human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the United States
    • Johnson-Restrepo B., Kannan K. An assessment of sources and pathways of human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the United States. Chemosphere 2009, 76:542-548.
    • (2009) Chemosphere , vol.76 , pp. 542-548
    • Johnson-Restrepo, B.1    Kannan, K.2
  • 56
    • 84880110930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to widespread environmental toxicants and children's cognitive development and behavioral problems
    • Jurewicz J., Polan´ska K., Hanke W. Exposure to widespread environmental toxicants and children's cognitive development and behavioral problems. Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health. 2013, 26:185-204.
    • (2013) Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health. , vol.26 , pp. 185-204
    • Jurewicz, J.1    Polan´ska, K.2    Hanke, W.3
  • 57
    • 79959987664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in exposure to polyfluoroalkyl chemicals in the U.S. Population: 1999-2008
    • Kato K., Wong L.Y., Jia L.T., Kuklenyik Z., Calafat A.M. Trends in exposure to polyfluoroalkyl chemicals in the U.S. Population: 1999-2008. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2011, 45:8037-8045.
    • (2011) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.45 , pp. 8037-8045
    • Kato, K.1    Wong, L.Y.2    Jia, L.T.3    Kuklenyik, Z.4    Calafat, A.M.5
  • 62
    • 84872267668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl compounds in maternal and umbilical cord sera and birth outcomes in Korea
    • Lee Y.J., Kim M.K., Bae J., Yang J.H. Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl compounds in maternal and umbilical cord sera and birth outcomes in Korea. Chemosphere 2013, 90:1603-1609.
    • (2013) Chemosphere , vol.90 , pp. 1603-1609
    • Lee, Y.J.1    Kim, M.K.2    Bae, J.3    Yang, J.H.4
  • 63
    • 0032839050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship in neonates between clinically measured head circumference and brain volume estimated from head CT-scans
    • Lindley A.A., Benson J.E., Grimes C., Cole T.M., Herman A.A. The relationship in neonates between clinically measured head circumference and brain volume estimated from head CT-scans. Early Hum. Dev. 1999, 56:17-29.
    • (1999) Early Hum. Dev. , vol.56 , pp. 17-29
    • Lindley, A.A.1    Benson, J.E.2    Grimes, C.3    Cole, T.M.4    Herman, A.A.5
  • 64
    • 0034255048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of continuing or stopping smoking during pregnancy on infant birth weight, crown-heel length, head circumference, ponderal index, and brain:body weightr atio
    • Lindley A.A., Becker S., Gray R.H., Herman A.A. Effects of continuing or stopping smoking during pregnancy on infant birth weight, crown-heel length, head circumference, ponderal index, and brain:body weightr atio. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2000, 152:219-225.
    • (2000) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.152 , pp. 219-225
    • Lindley, A.A.1    Becker, S.2    Gray, R.H.3    Herman, A.A.4
  • 66
    • 33947210381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and environmental influences on birth weight, birth length, head circumference, and gestational age by use of population-based parent-offspring data
    • Lunde A., Melve K.K., Gjessing H.K., Skjaerven R., Irgens L.M. Genetic and environmental influences on birth weight, birth length, head circumference, and gestational age by use of population-based parent-offspring data. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2007, 165:734-741.
    • (2007) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.165 , pp. 734-741
    • Lunde, A.1    Melve, K.K.2    Gjessing, H.K.3    Skjaerven, R.4    Irgens, L.M.5
  • 67
    • 84880520244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal trends of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the blood of newborns from New York State during 1997 through 2011: analysis of dried blood spots from the newborn screening program
    • Ma W.L., Yun S., Bell E.M., Druschel C.M., Caggana M., Aldous K.M., Buck Louis G.M., Kannan K. Temporal trends of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the blood of newborns from New York State during 1997 through 2011: analysis of dried blood spots from the newborn screening program. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2013, 47:8015-8021.
    • (2013) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.47 , pp. 8015-8021
    • Ma, W.L.1    Yun, S.2    Bell, E.M.3    Druschel, C.M.4    Caggana, M.5    Aldous, K.M.6    Buck Louis, G.M.7    Kannan, K.8
  • 69
    • 0036222972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A perspective on the potential health risks of PBDEs
    • McDonald T.A. A perspective on the potential health risks of PBDEs. Chemosphere 2002, 46:745-755.
    • (2002) Chemosphere , vol.46 , pp. 745-755
    • McDonald, T.A.1
  • 70
    • 77952287675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mini-review: polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants as potential autism risk factors
    • Messer A. Mini-review: polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants as potential autism risk factors. Physiol. Behav. 2010, 100:245-249.
    • (2010) Physiol. Behav. , vol.100 , pp. 245-249
    • Messer, A.1
  • 72
    • 84907160027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OECD Portal on perfluorinated chemicals
    • Available at, last accessed on September 10, 2013.
    • OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), 2013. OECD Portal on perfluorinated chemicals. Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. Available at, last accessed on September 10, 2013. http://www.oecd.org/ehs/pfc/.
    • (2013) Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
  • 73
    • 34748925871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Half-life of serum elimination of perfluorooctanesulfonate, perfluorohexanesulfonate, and perfluorooctanoate in retired fluorochemical production workers
    • Olsen G.W., Burris J.M., Ehresman D.J., Froehlich J.W., Seacat A.M., Butenhoff J.L., Zobel L.R. Half-life of serum elimination of perfluorooctanesulfonate, perfluorohexanesulfonate, and perfluorooctanoate in retired fluorochemical production workers. Environ. Health Perspect. 2007, 115:1298-1305.
    • (2007) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.115 , pp. 1298-1305
    • Olsen, G.W.1    Burris, J.M.2    Ehresman, D.J.3    Froehlich, J.W.4    Seacat, A.M.5    Butenhoff, J.L.6    Zobel, L.R.7
  • 74
    • 64949134049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perfluoroalkyl chemicals and human fetal development: an epidemiologic review with clinical and toxicological perspectives
    • Olsen G.W., Butenhoff J.L., Zobel L.R. Perfluoroalkyl chemicals and human fetal development: an epidemiologic review with clinical and toxicological perspectives. Reprod. Toxicol. 2009, 27:212-230.
    • (2009) Reprod. Toxicol. , vol.27 , pp. 212-230
    • Olsen, G.W.1    Butenhoff, J.L.2    Zobel, L.R.3
  • 76
    • 0032765426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiologic research on the effects of environmental pollutants on the fetus
    • Perera F.P., Jedrychowski W., Rauh V., Whyatt R.M. Molecular epidemiologic research on the effects of environmental pollutants on the fetus. Environ. Health Perspect. 1999, 107:451-460.
    • (1999) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.107 , pp. 451-460
    • Perera, F.P.1    Jedrychowski, W.2    Rauh, V.3    Whyatt, R.M.4
  • 78
    • 0035298767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growing concern over perfluorinated chemicals
    • Renner R. Growing concern over perfluorinated chemicals. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2001, 35:154A-160A.
    • (2001) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.35 , pp. 154A-160A
    • Renner, R.1
  • 79
    • 73749087375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal exposure to organohalogens, including brominated flame retardants, influences motor, cognitive, and behavioral performance at school age
    • Roze E., Meijer L., Bakker A., Van Braeckel K.N., Sauer P.J., Bos A.F. Prenatal exposure to organohalogens, including brominated flame retardants, influences motor, cognitive, and behavioral performance at school age. Environ. Health Perspect. 2009, 117:1953-1958.
    • (2009) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.117 , pp. 1953-1958
    • Roze, E.1    Meijer, L.2    Bakker, A.3    Van Braeckel, K.N.4    Sauer, P.J.5    Bos, A.F.6
  • 80
    • 0002259502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain size and cognitive ability: correlations with age, sex, social class, and race
    • Rushton J.P., Ankeny C.D. Brain size and cognitive ability: correlations with age, sex, social class, and race. Psychonomic. Bull. Rev. 1996, 3:21-36.
    • (1996) Psychonomic. Bull. Rev. , vol.3 , pp. 21-36
    • Rushton, J.P.1    Ankeny, C.D.2
  • 81
    • 80054687923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discontinued and alternative brominated flame retardants in the atmosphere and precipitation from the great lakes basin
    • Salamova A., Hites R.A. Discontinued and alternative brominated flame retardants in the atmosphere and precipitation from the great lakes basin. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2011, 45:8698-8706.
    • (2011) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.45 , pp. 8698-8706
    • Salamova, A.1    Hites, R.A.2
  • 82
    • 38449098167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guest editorial: biomarkers of perfluorinated chemicals and birth weight
    • Savitz D.A. Guest editorial: biomarkers of perfluorinated chemicals and birth weight. Environ. Health Perspect. 2007, 115:A528-A529.
    • (2007) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.115 , pp. A528-A529
    • Savitz, D.A.1
  • 86
    • 52049099411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of polybrominated diphenyl ethers on hand wipes: estimating exposure from hand-to-mouth contact
    • Stapleton H.M., Kelly S.M., Allen J.G., McClean M.D., Webster T.F. Measurement of polybrominated diphenyl ethers on hand wipes: estimating exposure from hand-to-mouth contact. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42:3329-3334.
    • (2008) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.42 , pp. 3329-3334
    • Stapleton, H.M.1    Kelly, S.M.2    Allen, J.G.3    McClean, M.D.4    Webster, T.F.5
  • 87
    • 80053450446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum perfluorinated compound concentration and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children 5-18 years of age
    • Stein C.R., Savitz D.A. Serum perfluorinated compound concentration and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children 5-18 years of age. Environ. Health Perspect. 2011, 119:1466-1471.
    • (2011) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.119 , pp. 1466-1471
    • Stein, C.R.1    Savitz, D.A.2
  • 88
    • 84865539904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of polyfluoroalkyl compound concentrations in maternal serum and amniotic fluid: a pilot study
    • Stein C.R., Wolff M.S., Calafat A.M., Kato K., Engel S.M. Comparison of polyfluoroalkyl compound concentrations in maternal serum and amniotic fluid: a pilot study. Reprod. Toxicol. 2012, 34:312-316.
    • (2012) Reprod. Toxicol. , vol.34 , pp. 312-316
    • Stein, C.R.1    Wolff, M.S.2    Calafat, A.M.3    Kato, K.4    Engel, S.M.5
  • 89
    • 84879885827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perfluorooctanoate and neuropsychological outcomes in children
    • Stein C.R., Savitz D.A., Bellinger D.C. Perfluorooctanoate and neuropsychological outcomes in children. Epidemiology 2013, 24:590-599.
    • (2013) Epidemiology , vol.24 , pp. 590-599
    • Stein, C.R.1    Savitz, D.A.2    Bellinger, D.C.3
  • 90
    • 52949096164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of toxicological aspects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers: a flame-retardant additive in several consumer products
    • Talsness C.E. Overview of toxicological aspects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers: a flame-retardant additive in several consumer products. Environ. Res. 2008, 108:158-167.
    • (2008) Environ. Res. , vol.108 , pp. 158-167
    • Talsness, C.E.1
  • 91
    • 69949089053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) levels are higher in children (2-5 years of age) than in infants and adults
    • Toms L.M., Sjodin A., Harden F., Hobson P., Jones R., Edenfield E., Mueller J.F. Serum polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) levels are higher in children (2-5 years of age) than in infants and adults. Environ. Health Perspect. 2009, 117:1461-1465.
    • (2009) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.117 , pp. 1461-1465
    • Toms, L.M.1    Sjodin, A.2    Harden, F.3    Hobson, P.4    Jones, R.5    Edenfield, E.6    Mueller, J.F.7
  • 92
    • 84907160026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OCSPP)
    • Available at, last accessed on September 11, 2013.
    • US EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency), 2013. Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OCSPP), Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) Action Plan Summary. Available at, last accessed on September 11, 2013. http://www.epa.gov/oppt/existingchemicals/pubs/actionplans/pbde.html.
    • (2013) Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) Action Plan Summary
  • 93
    • 84867090330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) - main concerns and regulatory developments in Europe from an environmental point of view
    • Vierke L., Staude C., Biegel-Engler A., Drost W., Schulte C. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) - main concerns and regulatory developments in Europe from an environmental point of view. Environ. Sci. Europe 2012, 24:16.
    • (2012) Environ. Sci. Europe , vol.24 , pp. 16
    • Vierke, L.1    Staude, C.2    Biegel-Engler, A.3    Drost, W.4    Schulte, C.5
  • 94
    • 36849065071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies
    • Initiative STROBE
    • von Elm E., Altman D.G., Egger M., Pocock S.J., Gøtzsche P.C., Vandenbroucke J.P., Initiative STROBE. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Lancet 2007, 370:1453-1457.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.370 , pp. 1453-1457
    • von Elm, E.1    Altman, D.G.2    Egger, M.3    Pocock, S.J.4    Gøtzsche, P.C.5    Vandenbroucke, J.P.6
  • 95
    • 78349305197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the indoor environment and associations with prenatal exposure
    • Vorkamp K., Thomsen M., Frederiksen M., Pedersen M., Knudsen L.E. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the indoor environment and associations with prenatal exposure. Environ. Int. 2011, 37:1-10.
    • (2011) Environ. Int. , vol.37 , pp. 1-10
    • Vorkamp, K.1    Thomsen, M.2    Frederiksen, M.3    Pedersen, M.4    Knudsen, L.E.5
  • 97
    • 84907160025 scopus 로고
    • International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
    • WHO, Geneva.
    • WHO (World Health Organisation), 1994. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS). Environmental Health Criteria 162. Brominated diphenyl ethers. WHO, Geneva.
    • (1994) Environmental Health Criteria 162. Brominated diphenyl ethers
  • 98
    • 74949102895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in umbilical cord blood and relevant factors in neonates from Guiyu
    • Wu K., Xu X., Liu J., Guo Y., Li Y., Huo X. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in umbilical cord blood and relevant factors in neonates from Guiyu. China. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44:813-819.
    • (2010) China. Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.44 , pp. 813-819
    • Wu, K.1    Xu, X.2    Liu, J.3    Guo, Y.4    Li, Y.5    Huo, X.6
  • 99
    • 61449140142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in the U.S. marine environment: a review
    • Yogui G.T., Sericano J.L. Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in the U.S. marine environment: a review. Environ. Int. 2009, 35:655-666.
    • (2009) Environ. Int. , vol.35 , pp. 655-666
    • Yogui, G.T.1    Sericano, J.L.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.