A systematic review of predictive modeling for bronchiolitis

International Journal of Medical Informatics

Volumn 83, Issue 10, 2014, Pages 691-714

  Luo, Gang ^a   Nkoy, Flory L ^a   Gesteland, Per H ^a   Glasgow, Tiffany S ^a   Stone, Bryan L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF UTAH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Bronchiolitis; Machine learning; Predictive modeling; Respiratory syncytial virus

Indexed keywords

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE; ITERATIVE METHODS; LEARNING SYSTEMS; VIRUSES;

BRONCHIOLITIS; ITERATIVE PROCESS; LITERATURE SEARCH; MANAGEMENT DECISIONS; PRACTICE VARIATIONS; PREDICTIVE MODELING; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

HOSPITALS;

PALIVIZUMAB;

ACCURACY; ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION; ASSISTED VENTILATION; DISEASE COURSE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; OXYGEN THERAPY; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL PNEUMOVIRUS; REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; THORAX RADIOGRAPHY; VIRAL BRONCHIOLITIS; BRONCHIOLITIS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; THEORETICAL MODEL;

BRONCHIOLITIS; HUMANS; MODELS, THEORETICAL;

EID: 84906784708     PISSN: 13865056     EISSN: 18728243     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2014.07.005     Document Type: Review

References (273)

1. Mansbach J.M., Emond J.A., Camargo C.A. Bronchiolitis in US emergency departments 1992 to 2000: epidemiology and practice variation. Pediatr. Emerg. Care 2005, 21(4):242-247.
2. Parker M.J., Allen U., Stephens D., Lalani A., Schuh S. Predictors of major intervention in infants with bronchiolitis. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2009, 44(4):358-363.
3. Shay D.K., Holman R.C., Newman R.D., Liu L.L., Stout J.W., Anderson L.J. Bronchiolitis-associated hospitalizations among US children, 1980-1996. JAMA 1999, 282(15):1440-1446.
4. Ducharme F.M. Management of acute bronchiolitis. BMJ 2011, 342:d1658.
5. Zorc J.J., Hall C.B. Bronchiolitis: recent evidence on diagnosis and management. Pediatrics 2010, 125(2):342-349.
6. Pelletier A.J., Mansbach J.M., Camargo C.A. Direct medical costs of bronchiolitis hospitalizations in the United States. Pediatrics 2006, 118(6):2418-2423.
7. Carroll K.N., Gebretsadik T., Griffin M.R., Wu P., Dupont W.D., Mitchel E.F., et al. Increasing burden and risk factors for bronchiolitis-related medical visits in infants enrolled in a state health care insurance plan. Pediatrics 2008, 122(1):58-64.
8. Seiden J.A., Scarfone R.J. Bronchiolitis: an evidence-based approach to management. Clin. Pediatr. Emerg. Med. 2009, 10(2):75-81.
9. American Academy of Pediatrics Subcommittee on Diagnosis and Management of Bronchiolitis Diagnosis and management of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics 2006, 118(4):1774-1793.
10. Brand P.L., Vaessen-Verberne A.A. Differences in management of bronchiolitis between hospitals in the Netherlands. Eur. J. Pediatr. 2000, 159(5):343-347.
11. Behrendt C.E., Decker M.D., Burch D.J., Watson P.H. International variation in the management of infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus. Eur. J. Pediatr. 1998, 157(3):215-220.
12. Chamberlain J.M., Patel K.M., Pollack M.M. Association of emergency department care factors with admission and discharge decisions for pediatric patients. J. Pediatr. 2006, 149(5):644-649.
13. Johnson D.W., Adair C., Brant R., Holmwood J., Mitchell I. Differences in admission rates of children with bronchiolitis by pediatric and general emergency departments. Pediatrics 2002, 110(4):e49.
14. Mallory M.D., Shay D.K., Garrett J., Bordley W.C. Bronchiolitis management preferences and the influence of pulse oximetry and respiratory rate on the decision to admit. Pediatrics 2003, 111(1):e45-e51.
15. Plint A.C., Johnson D.W., Wiebe N., Bulloch B., Pusic M., Joubert G., et al. Practice variation among pediatric emergency departments in the treatment of bronchiolitis. Acad. Emerg. Med. 2004, 11(4):353-360.
16. Vogel A.M., Lennon D.R., Harding J.E., Pinnock R.E., Graham D.A., Grimwood K., et al. Variations in bronchiolitis management between five New Zealand hospitals: can we do better?. J. Paediatr. Child Health 2003, 39(1):40-45.
17. Willson D.F., Horn S.D., Hendley J.O., Smout R., Gassaway J. Effect of practice variation on resource utilization in infants hospitalized for viral lower respiratory illness. Pediatrics 2001, 108(4):851-855.
18. Willson D.F., Jiao J.H., Hendley J.O., Donowitz L. Invasive monitoring in infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection. J. Pediatr. 1996, 128(3):357-362.
19. Wang E.E., Law B.J., Boucher F.D., Stephens D., Robinson J.L., Dobson S., et al. Pediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) study of admission and management variation in patients hospitalized with respiratory syncytial viral lower respiratory tract infection. J. Pediatr. 1996, 129(3):390-395.
20. Christakis D.A., Cowan C.A., Garrison M.M., Molteni R., Marcuse E., Zerr D.M. Variation in inpatient diagnostic testing and management of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics 2005, 115(4):878-884.
21. Mansbach J.M., Clark S., Christopher N.C., LoVecchio F., Kunz S., Acholonu U., et al. Prospective multicenter study of bronchiolitis: predicting safe discharges from the emergency department. Pediatrics 2008, 121(4):680-688.
22. McBride S.C., Chiang V.W., Goldmann D.A., Landrigan C.P. Preventable adverse events in infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis. Pediatrics 2005, 116(3):603-608.
23. Kotagal U.R., Robbins J.M., Kini N.M., Schoettker P.J., Atherton H.D., Kirschbaum M.S. Impact of a bronchiolitis guideline: a multisite demonstration project. Chest 2002, 121(6):1789-1797.
24. Walsh P., Rothenberg S.J., O'Doherty S., Hoey H., Healy R. A validated clinical model to predict the need for admission and length of stay in children with acute bronchiolitis. Eur. J. Emerg. Med. 2004, 11(5):265-272.
25. Perlstein P.H., Kotagal U.R., Bolling C., Steele R., Schoettker P.J., Atherton H.D., et al. Evaluation of an evidence-based guideline for bronchiolitis. Pediatrics 1999, 104(6):1334-1341.
26. Perlstein P.H., Kotagal U.R., Schoettker P.J., Atherton H.D., Farrell M.K., Gerhardt W.E., et al. Sustaining the implementation of an evidence-based guideline for bronchiolitis. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 2000, 154(10):1001-1007.
27. Mittal V., Darnell C., Walsh B., Mehta A., Badawy M., Morse R., et al. Inpatient bronchiolitis guideline implementation and resource utilization. Pediatrics 2014, 133(3):e730-e737.
28. Akenroye A.T., Baskin M.N., Samnaliev M., Stack A.M. Impact of a bronchiolitis guideline on ED resource use and cost: a segmented time-series analysis. Pediatrics 2014, 133(1):e227-e234.
29. Damore D., Mansbach J.M., Clark S., Ramundo M., Camargo C.A. Prospective multicenter bronchiolitis study: predicting intensive care unit admissions. Acad. Emerg. Med. 2008, 15(10):887-894.
30. Houben M.L., Bont L., Wilbrink B., Belderbos M.E., Kimpen J.L., Visser G.H., et al. Clinical prediction rule for RSV bronchiolitis in healthy newborns: prognostic birth cohort study. Pediatrics 2011, 127(1):35-41.
31. Marlais M., Evans J., Abrahamson E. Clinical predictors of admission in infants with acute bronchiolitis. Arch. Dis. Child. 2011, 96(7):648-652.
32. Norwood A., Mansbach J.M., Clark S., Waseem M., Camargo C.A. Prospective multicenter study of bronchiolitis: predictors of an unscheduled visit after discharge from the emergency department. Acad. Emerg. Med. 2010, 17(4):376-382.
33. Rietveld E., Vergouwe Y., Steyerberg E.W., Huysman M.W., de Groot R., Moll H.A., et al. Hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children: development of a clinical prediction rule. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2006, 25(3):201-207.
34. Shaw K.N., Bell L.M., Sherman N.H. Outpatient assessment of infants with bronchiolitis. Am. J. Dis. Child. 1991, 145(2):151-155.
35. Voets S., van Berlaer G., Hachimi-Idrissi S. Clinical predictors of the severity of bronchiolitis. Eur. J. Emerg. Med. 2006, 13(3):134-138.
36. Walsh P., Cunningham P., Rothenberg S.J., O'Doherty S., Hoey H., Healy R. An artificial neural network ensemble to predict disposition and length of stay in children presenting with bronchiolitis. Eur. J. Emerg. Med. 2004, 11(5):259-264.
37. Weisgerber M.C., Lye P.S., Li S.H., Bakalarski D., Gedeit R., Simpson P., et al. Factors predicting prolonged hospital stay for infants with bronchiolitis. J. Hosp. Med. 2011, 6(5):264-270.
38. Steyerberg E.W. Clinical Prediction Models: A Practical Approach to Development, Validation, and Updating 2009, Springer, New York, NY.
39. Kuhn M., Johnson K. Applied Predictive Modeling 2013, Springer, New York, NY.
40. Prodhan P., Sharoor-Karni S., Lin J., Noviski N. Predictors of respiratory failure among previously healthy children with respiratory syncytial virus infection. Am. J. Emerg. Med. 2011, 29(2):168-173.
41. Destino L., Weisgerber M.C., Soung P., Bakalarski D., Yan K., Rehborg R., et al. Validity of respiratory scores in bronchiolitis. Hosp. Pediatr. 2012, 2(4):202-209.
42. Laham F.R., Trott A.A., Bennett B.L., Kozinetz C.A., Jewell A.M., Garofalo R.P., et al. LDH concentration in nasal-wash fluid as a biochemical predictor of bronchiolitis severity. Pediatrics 2010, 125(2):e225-e233.
43. Corneli H.M., Zorc J.J., Holubkov R., Bregstein J.S., Brown K.M., Mahajan P., et al. Bronchiolitis: clinical characteristics associated with hospitalization and length of stay. Pediatr. Emerg. Care 2012, 28(2):99-103.
44. Al-Shehri M.A., Sadeq A., Quli K. Bronchiolitis in Abha, Southwest Saudi Arabia: viral etiology and predictors for hospital admission. West Afr. J. Med. 2005, 24(4):299-304.
45. Mansbach J.M., Piedra P.A., Laham F.R., McAdam A.J., Clark S., Sullivan A.F., et al. Nasopharyngeal lactate dehydrogenase concentrations predict bronchiolitis severity in a prospective multicenter emergency department study. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2012, 31(7):767-769.
46. Wang V.J., Cavagnaro C.S., Clark S., Camargo C.A., Mansbach J.M. Altitude and environmental climate effects on bronchiolitis severity among children presenting to the emergency department. J. Environ. Health 2012, 75(3):8-15.
47. Nascimento M.S., Souza A.V., Ferreira A.V., Rodrigues J.C., Abramovici S., Silva Filho L.V. High rate of viral identification and coinfections in infants with acute bronchiolitis. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2010, 65(11):1133-1137.
48. Marcone D.N., Ellis A., Videla C., Ekstrom J., Ricarte C., Carballal G., et al. Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in hospitalized and outpatient children in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2013, 32(3):e105-e110.
49. Somech R., Tal G., Gilad E., Mandelberg A., Tal A., Dalal I. Epidemiologic, socioeconomic, and clinical factors associated with severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection in previously healthy infants. Clin. Pediatr. (Phila) 2006, 45(7):621-627.
50. Wang E.E., Milner R.A., Navas L., Maj H. Observer agreement for respiratory signs and oximetry in infants hospitalized with lower respiratory infections. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 1992, 145(1):106-109.
51. Wiler J.L., Ross M.A., Ginde A.A. National study of emergency department observation services. Acad. Emerg. Med. 2011, 18(9):959-965.
52. Alpern E.R., Calello D.P., Windreich R., Osterhoudt K., Shaw K.N. Utilization and unexpected hospitalization rates of a pediatric emergency department 23-hour observation unit. Pediatr. Emerg. Care 2008, 24(9):589-594.
53. Sandweiss D.R., Corneli H.M., Kadish H.A. Barriers to discharge from a 24-hour observation unit for children with bronchiolitis. Pediatr. Emerg. Care 2010, 26(12):892-896.
54. Yusuf S., Caviness A.C., Adekunle-Ojo A.O. Risk factors for admission in children with bronchiolitis from pediatric emergency department observation unit. Pediatr. Emerg. Care 2012, 28(11):1132-1135.
55. Brooks A.M., McBride J.T., McConnochie K.M., Aviram M., Long C., Hall C.B. Predicting deterioration in previously healthy infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection. Pediatrics 1999, 104(3 Pt 1):463-467.
56. Mandelberg A., Tal G., Naugolny L., Cesar K., Oron A., Houri S., et al. Lipopolysaccharide hyporesponsiveness as a risk factor for intensive care unit hospitalization in infants with respiratory syncitial virus bronchiolitis. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2006, 144(1):48-52.
57. García C.G., Bhore R., Soriano-Fallas A., Trost M., Chason R., Ramilo O., et al. Risk factors in children hospitalized with RSV bronchiolitis versus non-RSV bronchiolitis. Pediatrics 2010, 126(6):e1453-e1460.
58. Hervás D., Reina J., Yañez A., del Valle J.M., Figuerola J., Hervás J.A. Epidemiology of hospitalization for acute bronchiolitis in children: differences between RSV and non-RSV bronchiolitis. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2012, 31(8):1975-1981.
59. Richard N., Komurian-Pradel F., Javouhey E., Perret M., Rajoharison A., Bagnaud A., et al. The impact of dual viral infection in infants admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit associated with severe bronchiolitis. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2008, 27(3):213-217.
60. Verger J.T., Verger E.E. Respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in children. Crit. Care Nurs. Clin. North Am. 2012, 24(4):555-572.
61. Langley G.F., Anderson L.J. Epidemiology and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections among infants and young children. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2011, 30(6):510-517.
62. Aujard Y., Fauroux B. Risk factors for severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants. Respir. Med. 2002, 96(Suppl. B):S9-S14.
63. El Saleeby C.M., Li R., Somes G.W., Dahmer M.K., Quasney M.W., DeVincenzo J.P. Surfactant protein A2 polymorphisms and disease severity in a respiratory syncytial virus-infected population. J. Pediatr. 2010, 156(3):409-414.
64. Purcell K., Fergie J. Driscoll Children's Hospital respiratory syncytial virus database: risk factors, treatment and hospital course in 3308 infants and young children, 1991 to 2002. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2004, 23(5):418-423.
65. Chi H., Chang I.S., Tsai F.Y., Huang L.M., Shao P.L., Chiu N.C., et al. Epidemiological study of hospitalization associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in Taiwanese children between 2004 and 2007. J. Formos. Med. Assoc. 2011, 110(6):388-396.
66. Dotan M., Ashkenazi-Hoffnung L., Samra Z., Livni G., Yarden-Bilavsky H., Amir J., et al. Hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and disease severity in twins. Isr. Med. Assoc. J. 2013, 15(11):701-704.
67. El Kholy A.A., Mostafa N.A., El-Sherbini S.A., Ali A.A., Ismail R.I., Magdy R.I., et al. Morbidity and outcome of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. Pediatr. Int. 2013, 55(3):283-288.
68. Hon K.L., Leung T.F., Cheng W.Y., Ko N.M., Tang W.K., Wong W.W., et al. Respiratory syncytial virus morbidity, premorbid factors, seasonality, and implications for prophylaxis. J. Crit. Care 2012, 27(5):464-468.
69. Mansbach J.M., Piedra P.A., Stevenson M.D., Sullivan A.F., Forgey T.F., Clark S., et al. Prospective multicenter study of children with bronchiolitis requiring mechanical ventilation. Pediatrics 2012, 130(3):e492-e500.
70. Al-Shawwa B., Al-Huniti N., Weinberger M., Abu-Hasan M. Clinical and therapeutic variables influencing hospitalisation for bronchiolitis in a community-based paediatric group practice. Prim. Care Respir. J. 2007, 16(2):93-97.
71. Schroeder A.R., Mansbach J.M., Stevenson M., Macias C.G., Fisher E.S., Barcega B., et al. Apnea in children hospitalized with bronchiolitis. Pediatrics 2013, 132(5):e1194-e1201.
72. Ralston S., Hill V. Incidence of apnea in infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: a systematic review. J. Pediatr. 2009, 155(5):728-733.
73. Kneyber M.C., Brandenburg A.H., de Groot R., Joosten K.F., Rothbarth P.H., Ott A., et al. Risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus associated apnoea. Eur. J. Pediatr. 1998, 157(4):331-335.
74. Schiller O., Levy I., Pollak U., Kadmon G., Nahum E., Schonfeld T. Central apnoeas in infants with bronchiolitis admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit. Acta Paediatr. 2011, 100(2):216-219.
75. Willwerth B.M., Harper M.B., Greenes D.S. Identifying hospitalized infants who have bronchiolitis and are at high risk for apnea. Ann. Emerg. Med. 2006, 48(4):441-447.
76. Evans J., Marlais M., Abrahamson E. Clinical predictors of nasal continuous positive airway pressure requirement in acute bronchiolitis. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2012, 47(4):381-385.
77. Milési C., Matecki S., Jaber S., Mura T., Jacquot A., Pidoux O., et al. 6 cmH2O continuous positive airway pressure versus conventional oxygen therapy in severe viral bronchiolitis: a randomized trial. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2013, 48(1):45-51.
78. Mayordomo-Colunga J., Medina A., Rey C., Díaz J.J., Concha A., Los Arcos M., et al. Predictive factors of non invasive ventilation failure in critically ill children: a prospective epidemiological study. Intensive Care Med. 2009, 35(3):527-536.
79. Najaf-Zadeh A., Leclerc F. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for acute respiratory failure in children: a concise review. Ann. Intensive Care 2011, 1:15.
80. Abboud P.A., Roth P.J., Skiles C.L., Stolfi A., Rowin M.E. Predictors of failure in infants with viral bronchiolitis treated with high-flow, high-humidity nasal cannula therapy. Pediatr. Crit. Care Med. 2012, 13(6):e343-e349.
81. Javouhey E., Barats A., Richard N., Stamm D., Floret D. Non-invasive ventilation as primary ventilatory support for infants with severe bronchiolitis. Intensive Care Med. 2008, 34(9):1608-1614.
82. Bernet V., Hug M.I., Frey B. Predictive factors for the success of noninvasive mask ventilation in infants and children with acute respiratory failure. Pediatr. Crit. Care Med. 2005, 6(6):660-664.
83. Kelly G.S., Simon H.K., Sturm J.J. High-flow nasal cannula use in children with respiratory distress in the emergency department: predicting the need for subsequent intubation. Pediatr. Emerg. Care 2013, 29(8):888-892.
84. Cavari Y., Sofer S., Rozovski U., Lazar I. Non invasive positive pressure ventilation in infants with respiratory failure. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2012, 47(10):1019-1025.
85. Ganu S.S., Gautam A., Wilkins B., Egan J. Increase in use of non-invasive ventilation for infants with severe bronchiolitis is associated with decline in intubation rates over a decade. Intensive Care Med. 2012, 38(7):1177-1183.
86. Semple M.G., Taylor-Robinson D.C., Lane S., Smyth R.L. Household tobacco smoke and admission weight predict severe bronchiolitis in infants independent of deprivation: prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2011, 6(7):e22425.
87. Mai T.V., Selby A.M., Simpson J.M., Isaacs D. Use of simple clinical parameters to assess severity of bronchiolitis. J. Paediatr. Child Health 1995, 31(5):465-468.
88. McCallum G.B., Morris P.S., Wilson C.C., Versteegh L.A., Ward L.M., Chatfield M.D., et al. Severity scoring systems: are they internally valid, reliable and predictive of oxygen use in children with acute bronchiolitis?. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2013, 48(8):797-803.
89. Bont L., Kimpen J.L. Immunological mechanisms of severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. Intensive Care Med. 2002, 28(5):616-621.
90. Lebel M.H., Gauthier M., Lacroix J., Rousseau E., Buithieu M. Respiratory failure and mechanical ventilation in severe bronchiolitis. Arch. Dis. Child. 1989, 64(10):1431-1437.
91. Chan P.W., Goh A.Y., Lum L.C. Severe bronchiolitis in Malaysian children. J. Trop. Pediatr. 2000, 46(4):234-236.
92. DeVincenzo J.P., El Saleeby C.M., Bush A.J. Respiratory syncytial virus load predicts disease severity in previously healthy infants. J. Infect. Dis. 2005, 191(11):1861-1868.
93. Brand H.K., Ferwerda G., Preijers F., de Groot R., Neeleman C., Staal F.J., et al. CD4+ T-cell counts and interleukin-8 and CCL-5 plasma concentrations discriminate disease severity in children with RSV infection. Pediatr. Res. 2013, 73(2):187-193.
94. Bont L., Heijnen C.J., Kavelaars A., van Aalderen W.M., Brus F., Draaisma J.M., et al. Local interferon-γ levels during respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection are associated with disease severity. J. Infect. Dis. 2001, 184(3):355-358.
95. Moynihan J.A., Brown L., Sehra R., Checchia P.A. Cardiac troponin I as a predictor of respiratory failure in children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections: a pilot study. Am. J. Emerg. Med. 2003, 21(6):479-482.
96. Zachariah P., Ruttenber M., Simões E.A. Hospitalizations due to respiratory syncytial virus in children with congenital malformations. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2011, 30(5):442-445.
97. van Beek D., Paes B., Bont L. Increased risk of RSV infection in children with Down's syndrome: clinical implementation of prophylaxis in the European Union. Clin. Dev. Immunol. 2013, 2013:801581.
98. Prodhan P., Westra S.J., Lin J., Karni-Sharoor S., Regan S., Noviski N. Chest radiological patterns predict the duration of mechanical ventilation in children with RSV infection. Pediatr. Radiol. 2009, 39(2):117-123.
99. Flamant C., Hallalel F., Nolent P., Chevalier J.Y., Renolleau S. Severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in children: from short mechanical ventilation to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Eur. J. Pediatr. 2005, 164(2):93-98.
100. Hsu J.C., Chen Y.F., Du Y.C., Huang Y.F., Jiang X., Chen T. Design of a clinical decision support system for determining ventilator weaning using support sector machine. Int. J. Innovative Comput. Inform. Control 2012, 8(1B):933-952.
101. Stambouly J.J., McLaughlin L.L., Mandel F.S., Boxer R.A. Complications of care in a pediatric intensive care unit: a prospective study. Intensive Care Med. 1996, 22(10):1098-1104.
102. Thompson P.J., Greenough A., Hird M.F., Philpott-Howard J., Gamsu H.R. Nosocomial bacterial infections in very low birth weight infants. Eur. J. Pediatr. 1992, 151(6):451-454.
103. Epstein S.K., Ciubotaru R.L., Wong J.B. Effect of failed extubation on the outcome of mechanical ventilation. Chest 1997, 112(1):186-192.
104. Khan N., Brown A., Venkataraman S.T. Predictors of extubation success and failure in mechanically ventilated infants and children. Crit. Care Med. 1996, 24(9):1568-1579.
105. Kurachek S.C., Newth C.J., Quasney M.W., Rice T., Sachdeva R.C., Patel N.R., et al. Extubation failure in pediatric intensive care: a multiple-center study of risk factors and outcomes. Crit. Care Med. 2003, 31(11):2657-2664.
106. Randolph A.G., Wypij D., Venkataraman S.T., Hanson J.H., Gedeit R.G., Meert K.L., et al. Effect of mechanical ventilator weaning protocols on respiratory outcomes in infants and children: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002, 288(20):2561-2568.
107. Johnston C., de Carvalho W.B., Piva J., Garcia P.C., Fonseca M.C. Risk factors for extubation failure in infants with severe acute bronchiolitis. Respir. Care 2010, 55(3):328-333.
108. Manczur T.I., Greenough A., Pryor D., Rafferty G.F. Comparison of predictors of extubation from mechanical ventilation in children. Pediatr. Crit. Care Med. 2000, 1(1):28-32.
109. Mueller M., Almeida J.S., Stanislaus R., Wagner C.L. Can machine learning methods predict extubation outcome in premature infants as well as clinicians?. J. Neonatal Biol. 2013, 2:118.
110. Hsu J.C., Chen Y.F., Chung W.S., Tan T.H., Chen T., Chiang J.Y. Clinical verification of a clinical decision support system for ventilator weaning. Biomed. Eng. Online 2013, 12(Suppl 1):S4.
111. Purcell K., Fergie J. Lack of usefulness of an abnormal white blood cell count for predicting a concurrent serious bacterial infection in infants and young children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2007, 26(4):311-315.
112. Antonow J.A., Hansen K., McKinstry C.A., Byington C.L. Sepsis evaluations in hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 1998, 17(3):231-236.
113. Bilavsky E., Shouval D.S., Yarden-Bilavsky H., Fisch N., Ashkenazi S., Amir J. A prospective study of the risk for serious bacterial infections in hospitalized febrile infants with or without bronchiolitis. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2008, 27(3):269-270.
114. Purcell K., Fergie J. Concurrent serious bacterial infections in 2396 infants and children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 2002, 156(4):322-324.
115. Bloomfield P., Dalton D., Karleka A., Kesson A., Duncan G., Isaacs D. Bacteraemia and antibiotic use in respiratory syncytial virus infections. Arch. Dis. Child. 2004, 89(4):363-367.
116. Kneyber M.C., Moons K.G., de Groot R., Moll H.A. Predictors of a normal chest X-ray in respiratory syncytial virus infection. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2001, 31(4):277-283.
117. Schuh S., Lalani A., Allen U., Manson D., Babyn P., Stephens D., et al. Evaluation of the utility of radiography in acute bronchiolitis. J. Pediatr. 2007, 150(4):429-433.
118. Meystre S.M., Savova G.K., Kipper-Schuler K.C., Hurdle J.F. Extracting information from textual documents in the electronic health record: a review of recent research. Yearb. Med. Inform. 2008, 128-144.
119. Dublin S., Baldwin E., Walker R.L., Christensen L.M., Haug P.J., Jackson M.L., et al. Natural language processing to identify pneumonia from radiology reports. Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. 2013, 22(8):834-841.
120. Durani Y., Friedman M.J., Attia M.W. Clinical predictors of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children. Pediatr. Int. 2008, 50(3):352-355.
121. Jhawar S. Severe bronchiolitis in children. Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol. 2003, 25(3):249-257.
122. Isaacs D., Dickson H., O'Callaghan C., Sheaves R., Winter A., Moxon E.R. Handwashing and cohorting in prevention of hospital acquired infections with respiratory syncytial virus. Arch. Dis. Child. 1991, 66(2):227-231.
123. Levine D.A., Platt S.L., Dayan P.S., Macias C.G., Zorc J.J., Krief W., et al. Risk of serious bacterial infection in young febrile infants with respiratory syncytial virus infections. Pediatrics 2004, 113(6):1728-1734.
124. Titus M.O., Wright S.W. Prevalence of serious bacterial infections in febrile infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection. Pediatrics 2003, 112(2):282-284.
125. Randolph A.G., Reder L., Englund J.A. Risk of bacterial infection in previously healthy respiratory syncytial virus-infected young children admitted to the intensive care unit. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2004, 23(11):990-994.
126. Riccetto A.G., Ribeiro J.D., Silva M.T., Almeida R.S., Arns C.W., Baracat E.C. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in infants hospitalized for acute lower respiratory tract disease: incidence and associated risks. Braz. J. Infect. Dis. 2006, 10(5):357-361.
127. Moler F.W., Ohmit S.E. Severity of illness models for respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalization. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1999, 159(4 Pt 1):1234-1240.
128. Kneyber M.C., Moons K.G., de Groot R., Moll H.A. Prediction of duration of hospitalization in respiratory syncytial virus infection. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2002, 33(6):453-457.
129. El Saleeby C.M., Bush A.J., Harrison L.M., Aitken J.A., Devincenzo J.P. Respiratory syncytial virus load, viral dynamics, and disease severity in previously healthy naturally infected children. J. Infect. Dis. 2011, 204(7):996-1002.
130. McMillan J.A., Tristram D.A., Weiner L.B., Higgins A.P., Sandstrom C., Brandon R. Prediction of the duration of hospitalization in patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection: use of clinical parameters. Pediatrics 1988, 81(1):22-26.
131. Kristensen K., Hjuler T., Ravn H., Simões E.A., Stensballe L.G. Chronic diseases, chromosomal abnormalities, and congenital malformations as risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization: a population-based cohort study. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2012, 54(6):810-817.
132. Broughton S., Roberts A., Fox G., Pollina E., Zuckerman M., Chaudhry S., et al. Prospective study of healthcare utilisation and respiratory morbidity due to RSV infection in prematurely born infants. Thorax 2005, 60(12):1039-1044.
133. Kott K.S., Salt B.H., McDonald R.J., Jhawar S., Bric J.M., Joad J.P. Effect of secondhand cigarette smoke, RSV bronchiolitis and parental asthma on urinary cysteinyl LTE4. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2008, 43(8):760-766.
134. Mella C., Suarez-Arrabal M.C., Lopez S., Stephens J., Fernandez S., Hall M.W., et al. Innate immune dysfunction is associated with enhanced disease severity in infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. J. Infect. Dis. 2013, 207(4):564-573.
135. Rietveld E., De Jonge H.C., Polder J.J., Vergouwe Y., Veeze H.J., Moll H.A., et al. Anticipated costs of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children at risk. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2004, 23(6):523-529.
136. Fieldston E.S., Zaniletti I., Hall M., Colvin J.D., Gottlieb L., Macy M.L., et al. Community household income and resource utilization for common inpatient pediatric conditions. Pediatrics 2013, 132(6):e1592-e1601.
137. The IMpact-RSV Study Group Palivizumab, a humanized respiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibody, reduces hospitalization from respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk infants. Pediatrics 1998, 102(3 Pt 1):531-537.
138. Carbonell-Estrany X., Simões E.A., Fullarton J.R., Ferdynus C., Gouyon J.B. Validation of a model to predict hospitalization due to RSV of infants born at 33-35 weeks' gestation. J. Perinat. Med. 2010, 38(4):411-417. European RSV Risk Factor Study Group.
139. Smart K.A., Lanctôt K.L., Paes B.A. The cost effectiveness of palivizumab: a systematic review of the evidence. J. Med. Econ. 2010, 13(3):453-463.
140. Carbonell-Estrany X., Bont L., Doering G., Gouyon J.B., Lanari M. Clinical relevance of prevention of respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection in preterm infants born between 33 and 35 weeks gestational age. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2008, 27(10):891-899.
141. Hussman J.M., Li A., Paes B., Lanctôt K.L. A review of cost-effectiveness of palivizumab for respiratory syncytial virus. Expert Rev. Pharmacoecon. Outcomes Res. 2012, 12(5):553-567.
142. McCormick J., Tubman R. Readmission with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection among graduates from a neonatal intensive care unit. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2002, 34(4):262-266.
143. Paes B., Steele S., Janes M., Pinelli J. Risk-scoring tool for respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis in premature infants born at 33-35 completed weeks' gestational age in Canada. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 2009, 25(7):1585-1591.
144. Simões E.A., Carbonell-Estrany X., Fullarton J.R., Liese J.G., Figueras-Aloy J., Doering G., et al. A predictive model for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalisation of premature infants born at 33-35 weeks of gestational age, based on data from the Spanish FLIP Study. Respir. Res. 2008, 9:78.
145. Law B.J., Langley J.M., Allen U., Paes B., Lee D.S., Mitchell I., et al. The Pediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada study of predictors of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection for infants born at 33 through 35 completed weeks of gestation. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2004, 23(9):806-814.
146. Sampalis J.S., Langley J., Carbonell-Estrany X., Paes B., O'Brien K., Allen U., et al. Development and validation of a risk scoring tool to predict respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization in premature infants born at 33 through 35 completed weeks of gestation. Med. Decis. Making 2008, 28(4):471-480.
147. Sampalis J.S. Morbidity and mortality after RSV-associated hospitalizations among premature Canadian infants. J. Pediatr. 2003, 143(5 Suppl.):S150-S156.
148. Blanken M.O., Koffijberg H., Nibbelke E.E., Rovers M.M., Bont L., Dutch RSV Neonatal Network Prospective validation of a prognostic model for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in late preterm infants: a multicenter birth cohort study. PLoS One 2013, 8(3):e59161.
149. Simões E.A., Carbonell-Estrany X., Fullarton J.R., Rossi G.A., Barberi I., Lanari M., et al. European risk factors' model to predict hospitalization of premature infants born 33-35 weeks' gestational age with respiratory syncytial virus: validation with Italian data. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2011, 24(1):152-157.
150. Stensballe L.G., Fullarton J.R., Carbonell-Estrany X., Simões E.A. Population based external validation of a European predictive model for respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization of premature infants born 33 to 35 weeks of gestational age. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2010, 29(4):374-376.
151. Paes B., Cole M., Latchman A., Pinelli J. Predictive value of the respiratory syncytial virus risk-scoring tool in the term infant in Canada. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 2009, 25(9):2191-2196.
152. Choudhuri J.A., Ogden L.G., Ruttenber A.J., Thomas D.S., Todd J.K., Simoes E.A. Effect of altitude on hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus infection. Pediatrics 2006, 117(2):349-356.
153. Rossi G.A., Medici M.C., Arcangeletti M.C., Lanari M., Merolla R., Paparatti U.D., et al. Risk factors for severe RSV-induced lower respiratory tract infection over four consecutive epidemics. Eur. J. Pediatr. 2007, 166(12):1267-1272.
154. Reeve C.A., Whitehall J.S., Buettner P.G., Norton R., Reeve D.M., Francis F. Predicting respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisation in Australian children. J. Paediatr. Child Health 2006, 42(5):248-252.
155. Bulkow L.R., Singleton R.J., DeByle C., Miernyk K., Redding G., Hummel K.B., et al. Risk factors for hospitalization with lower respiratory tract infections in children in rural Alaska. Pediatrics 2012, 129(5):e1220-e1227.
156. Goetghebuer T., Kwiatkowski D., Thomson A., Hull J. Familial susceptibility to severe respiratory infection in early life. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2004, 38(4):321-328.
157. Law B.J., Carbonell-Estrany X., Simoes E.A. An update on respiratory syncytial virus epidemiology: a developed country perspective. Respir. Med. 2002, 96(Suppl. B):S1-S7.
158. Figueras-Aloy J., Carbonell-Estrany X., Quero J. Case-control study of the risk factors linked to respiratory syncytial virus infection requiring hospitalization in premature infants born at a gestational age of 33-35 weeks in Spain. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2004, 23(9):815-820. IRIS Study Group.
159. Cilla G., Sarasua A., Montes M., Arostegui N., Vicente D., Pérez-Yarza E., et al. Risk factors for hospitalization due to respiratory syncytial virus infection among infants in the Basque Country, Spain. Epidemiol. Infect. 2006, 134(3):506-513.
160. Miller E.K., Williams J.V., Gebretsadik T., Carroll K.N., Dupont W.D., Mohamed Y.A., et al. Host and viral factors associated with severity of human rhinovirus-associated infant respiratory tract illness. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2011, 127(4):883-891.
161. Pezzotti P., Mantovani J., Benincori N., Mucchino E., Di Lallo D. Incidence and risk factors of hospitalization for bronchiolitis in preterm children: a retrospective longitudinal study in Italy. BMC Pediatr. 2009, 9:56.
162. Liese J.G., Grill E., Fischer B., Roeckl-Wiedmann I., Carr D., Belohradsky B.H. Incidence and risk factors of respiratory syncytial virus-related hospitalizations in premature infants in Germany. Eur. J. Pediatr. 2003, 162(4):230-236.
163. Janssen R., Bont L., Siezen C.L., Hodemaekers H.M., Ermers M.J., Doornbos G., et al. Genetic susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis is predominantly associated with innate immune genes. J. Infect. Dis. 2007, 196(6):826-834.
164. Jansson L., Nilsson P., Olsson M. Socioeconomic environmental factors and hospitalization for acute bronchiolitis during infancy. Acta Paediatr. 2002, 91(3):335-338.
165. Carroll K.N., Gebretsadik T., Griffin M.R., Dupont W.D., Mitchel E.F., Wu P., et al. Maternal asthma and maternal smoking are associated with increased risk of bronchiolitis during infancy. Pediatrics 2007, 119(6):1104-1112.
166. Stensballe L.G., Kristensen K., Simoes E.A., Jensen H., Nielsen J., Benn C.S., et al. Atopic disposition, wheezing, and subsequent respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization in Danish children younger than 18 months: a nested case-control study. Pediatrics 2006, 118(5):e1360-e1368.
167. Simoes E.A., King S.J., Lehr M.V., Groothuis J.R. Preterm twins and triplets. A high-risk group for severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. Am. J. Dis. Child. 1993, 147(3):303-306.
168. Weber M.W., Milligan P., Hilton S., Lahai G., Whittle H., Mulholland E.K., et al. Risk factors for severe respiratory syncytial virus infection leading to hospital admission in children in the Western Region of The Gambia. Int. J. Epidemiol. 1999, 28(1):157-162.
169. Karr C., Lumley T., Schreuder A., Davis R., Larson T., Ritz B., et al. Effects of subchronic and chronic exposure to ambient air pollutants on infant bronchiolitis. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2007, 165(5):553-560.
170. Szabo S.M., Gooch K.L., Korol E.E., Bradt P., Vo P., Levy A.R. Respiratory distress syndrome at birth is a risk factor for hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infections in infancy. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2012, 31(12):1245-1251.
171. Moore H.C., de Klerk N., Holt P., Richmond P.C., Lehmann D. Hospitalisation for bronchiolitis in infants is more common after elective caesarean delivery. Arch. Dis. Child. 2012, 97(5):410-414.
172. Eick A., Karron R., Shaw J., Thumar B., Reid R., Santosham M., et al. The role of neutralizing antibodies in protection of American Indian infants against respiratory syncytial virus disease. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2008, 27(3):207-212.
173. Kresfelder T.L., Janssen R., Bont L., Pretorius M., Venter M. Confirmation of an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the VDR gene with respiratory syncytial virus related disease in South African children. J. Med. Virol. 2011, 83(10):1834-1840.
174. Moyes J., Cohen C., Pretorius M., Groome M., von Gottberg A., Wolter N., et al. Epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection hospitalizations among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected South African children, 2010-2011. J. Infect. Dis. 2013, 208(Suppl. 3):S217-S226.
175. Park H.W., Lee B.S., Kim A.R., Yoon H.S., Kim B.I., Song E.S., et al. Epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants born at less than thirty-five weeks of gestational age. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2012, 31(8):e99-e104.
176. Joffe S., Escobar G.J., Black S.B., Armstrong M.A., Lieu T.A. Rehospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus among premature infants. Pediatrics 1999, 104(4 Pt 1):894-899.
177. Kristensen K., Stensballe L.G., Bjerre J., Roth D., Fisker N., Kongstad T., et al. Risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisation in children with heart disease. Arch. Dis. Child. 2009, 94(10):785-789.
178. Vardas E., Blaauw D., McAnerney J. The epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in South African children. S. Afr. Med. J. 1999, 89(10):1079-1084.
179. Carbonell-Estrany X., Figueras-Aloy J., Law B.J., Infección Respiratoria Infantil por Virus Respiratorio Sincitial Study Group, Pediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada Study Group Identifying risk factors for severe respiratory syncytial virus among infants born after 33 through 35 completed weeks of gestation: different methodologies yield consistent findings. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2004, 23(11 Suppl.):S193-S201.
180. Stensballe L.G., Ravn H., Kristensen K., Agerskov K., Meakins T., Aaby P., et al. Respiratory syncytial virus neutralizing antibodies in cord blood, respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization, and recurrent wheeze. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2009, 123(2):398-403.
181. Nielsen H.E., Siersma V., Andersen S., Gahrn-Hansen B., Mordhorst C.H., Nørgaard-Pedersen B., et al. Respiratory syncytial virus infection - risk factors for hospital admission: a case-control study. Acta Paediatr. 2003, 92(11):1314-1321.
182. Doering G., Gusenleitner W., Belohradsky B.H., Burdach S., Resch B., Liese J.G. The risk of respiratory syncytial virus-related hospitalizations in preterm infants of 29 to 35 weeks' gestational age. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2006, 25(12):1188-1190.
183. Welliver R.C. Temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet B radiation predict community respiratory syncytial virus activity. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2007, 26(11 Suppl.):S29-S35.
184. Walton N.A., Poynton M.R., Gesteland P.H., Maloney C., Staes C., Facelli J.C. Predicting the start week of respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks using real time weather variables. BMC Med. Inform. Decis. Making 2010, 10:68.
185. Birkhaug I.M., Inchley C.S., Aamodt G., Ånestad G., Nystad W., Nakstad B. Infectious burden of respiratory syncytial virus in relation to time of birth modifies the risk of lower respiratory tract infection in infancy: the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2013, 32(6):e235-e241.
186. Langkamp D.L., Hlavin S.M. Factors predicting compliance with palivizumab in high-risk infants. Am. J. Perinatol. 2001, 18(6):345-352.
187. Frogel M.P., Stewart D.L., Hoopes M., Fernandes A.W., Mahadevia P.J. A systematic review of compliance with palivizumab administration for RSV immunoprophylaxis. J. Manag. Care Pharm. 2010, 16(1):46-58.
188. Son Y.J., Kim H.G., Kim E.H., Choi S., Lee S.K. Application of support vector machine for prediction of medication adherence in heart failure patients. Healthc. Inform. Res. 2010, 16(4):253-259.
189. Mullins J.A., Lamonte A.C., Bresee J.S., Anderson L.J. Substantial variability in community respiratory syncytial virus season timing. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2003, 22(10):857-862.
190. Panozzo C.A., Fowlkes A.L., Anderson L.J. Variation in timing of respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks: lessons from national surveillance. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2007, 26(11 Suppl):S41-S45.
191. Hervás D., Reina J., Hervás J.A. Meteorologic conditions and respiratory syncytial virus activity. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2012, 31(10):e176-e181.
192. Goddard N.L., Cooke M.C., Gupta R.K., Nguyen-Van-Tam J.S. Timing of monoclonal antibody for seasonal RSV prophylaxis in the United Kingdom. Epidemiol. Infect. 2007, 135(1):159-162.
193. Vandini S., Corvaglia L., Alessandroni R., Aquilano G., Marsico C., Spinelli M., et al. Respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants and correlation with meteorological factors and air pollutants. Ital. J. Pediatr. 2013, 39(1):1.
194. du Prel J.B., Puppe W., Gröndahl B., Knuf M., Weigl J.A., Schaaff F., et al. Are meteorological parameters associated with acute respiratory tract infections?. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2009, 49(6):861-868.
195. Zachariah P., Shah S., Gao D., Simões E.A. Predictors of the duration of the respiratory syncytial virus season. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2009, 28(9):772-776.
196. Piippo-Savolainen E., Korppi M. Wheezy babies-wheezy adults? Review on long-term outcome until adulthood after early childhood wheezing. Acta Paediatr. 2008, 97(1):5-11.
197. Hyvärinen M., Piippo-Savolainen E., Korhonen K., Korppi M. Teenage asthma after severe infantile bronchiolitis or pneumonia. Acta Paediatr. 2005, 94(10):1378-1383.
198. Larouch V., Rivard G., Deschesnes F., Goulet R., Turcotte H., Boulet L.P. Asthma and airway hyper-responsiveness in adults who required hospital admission for bronchiolitis in early childhood. Respir. Med. 2000, 94(3):288-294.
199. McConnochie K.M., Roghmann K.J. Bronchiolitis as a possible cause of wheezing in childhood: new evidence. Pediatrics 1984, 74(1):1-10.
200. Piippo-Savolainen E., Remes S., Kannisto S., Korhonen K., Korppi M. Asthma and lung function 20 years after wheezing in infancy: results from a prospective follow-up study. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 2004, 158(11):1070-1076.
201. Sigurs N., Bjarnason R., Sigurbergsson F., Kjellman B. Respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infancy is an important risk factor for asthma and allergy at age 7. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2000, 161(5):1501-1507.
202. Singh A.M., Moore P.E., Gern J.E., Lemanske R.F., Hartert T.V. Bronchiolitis to asthma: a review and call for studies of gene-virus interactions in asthma causation. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2007, 175(2):108-119.
203. Ruotsalainen M., Piippo-Savolainen E., Hyvärinen M.K., Korppi M. Adulthood asthma after wheezing in infancy: a questionnaire study at 27 years of age. Allergy 2010, 65(4):503-509.
204. Khaldi E., Joulak M., Jawahdou F. Infant asthma in Tunisia. Pediatr. Pulmonol. Suppl. 1999, 18:216-219.
205. Mikalsen I.B., Halvorsen T., Eide G.E., Øymar K. Severe bronchiolitis in infancy: can asthma in adolescence be predicted?. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2013, 48(6):538-544.
206. Frey U., von Mutius E. The challenge of managing wheezing in infants. N. Engl. J. Med. 2009, 360(20):2130-2133.
207. Mansbach J.M., Camargo C.A. Respiratory viruses in bronchiolitis and their link to recurrent wheezing and asthma. Clin. Lab. Med. 2009, 29(4):741-755.
208. Shinohara M., Wakiguchi H., Saito H., Matsumoto K. Presence of eosinophils in nasal secretion during acute respiratory tract infection in young children predicts subsequent wheezing within two months. Allergol. Int. 2008, 57(4):359-365.
209. Bont L., Heijnen C.J., Kavelaars A., van Aalderen W.M., Brus F., Draaisma J.T., et al. Monocyte IL-10 production during respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis is associated with recurrent wheezing in a one-year follow-up study. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2000, 161(5):1518-1523.
210. Bont L., Van Aalderen W.M., Versteegh J., Brus F., Draaisma J.T., Pekelharing-Berghuis M., et al. Airflow limitation during respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection predicts recurrent wheezing. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2001, 20(3):277-282.
211. Chung H.L., Kim S.G. RANTES may be predictive of later recurrent wheezing after respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infants. Ann. Allergy. Asthma. Immunol. 2002, 88(5):463-467.
212. Kotaniemi-Syrjänen A., Reijonen T.M., Korhonen K., Korppi M. Wheezing requiring hospitalization in early childhood: predictive factors for asthma in a six-year follow-up. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 2002, 13(6):418-425.
213. Pifferi M., Ragazzo V., Caramella D., Baldini G. Eosinophil cationic protein in infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: predictive value for subsequent development of persistent wheezing. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2001, 31(6):419-424.
214. Piippo-Savolainen E., Remes S., Kannisto S., Korhonen K., Korppi M. Early predictors for adult asthma and lung function abnormalities in infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis: a prospective 18- to 20-year follow-up. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2006, 27(4):341-349.
215. Piippo-Savolainen E., Remes S., Korppi M. Does early exposure or sensitization to inhalant allergens predict asthma in wheezing infants? A 20-year follow-up. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2007, 28(4):454-461.
216. Piippo-Savolainen E., Remes S., Korppi M. Does blood eosinophilia in wheezing infants predict later asthma? A prospective 18-20-year follow-up. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2007, 28(2):163-169.
217. Reijonen T.M., Korppi M., Kuikka L., Savolainen K., Kleemola M., Mononen I., et al. Serum eosinophil cationic protein as a predictor of wheezing after bronchiolitis. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 1997, 23(6):397-403.
218. Soferman R., Bar-Zohar D., Jurgenson U., Fireman E. Soluble CD14 as a predictor of subsequent development of recurrent wheezing in hospitalized young children with respiratory syncytial virus-induced bronchiolitis. Ann. Allergy. Asthma. Immunol. 2004, 92(5):545-548.
219. Schuurhof A., Janssen R., de Groot H., Hodemaekers H.M., de Klerk A., Kimpen J.L., et al. Local interleukin-10 production during respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis is associated with post-bronchiolitis wheeze. Respir. Res. 2011, 12:121.
220. Welliver R.C., Sun M., Rinaldo D., Ogra P.L. Predictive value of respiratory syncytial virus-specific IgE responses for recurrent wheezing following bronchiolitis. J. Pediatr. 1986, 109(5):776-780.
221. Yamada Y., Yoshihara S. Creola bodies in infancy with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis predict the development of asthma. Allergol. Int. 2010, 59(4):375-380.
222. Ruotsalainen M., Hyvärinen M.K., Piippo-Savolainen E., Korppi M. Adolescent asthma after rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2013, 48(7):633-639.
223. Ehlenfield D.R., Cameron K., Welliver R.C. Eosinophilia at the time of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis predicts childhood reactive airway disease. Pediatrics 2000, 105(1 Pt 1):79-83.
224. Cassimos D.C., Tsalkidis A., Tripsianis G.A., Stogiannidou A., Anthracopoulos M., Ktenidou-Kartali S., et al. Asthma, lung function and sensitization in school children with a history of bronchiolitis. Pediatr. Int. 2008, 50(1):51-56.
225. Bacharier L.B., Cohen R., Schweiger T., Yin-Declue H., Christie C., Zheng J., et al. Determinants of asthma after severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2012, 130(1):91-100.
226. Beigelman A., Bacharier L.B. The role of early life viral bronchiolitis in the inception of asthma. Curr. Opin. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2013, 13(2):211-216.
227. Escobar G.J., Ragins A., Li S.X., Prager L., Masaquel A.S., Kipnis P. Recurrent wheezing in the third year of life among children born at 32 weeks' gestation or later: relationship to laboratory-confirmed, medically attended infection with respiratory syncytial virus during the first year of life. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 2010, 164(10):915-922.
228. Kuikka L., Reijonen T., Remes K., Korppi M. Bronchial asthma after early childhood wheezing: a follow-up until 4.5-6 years of age. Acta Paediatr. 1994, 83(7):744-748.
229. Midulla F., Pierangeli A., Cangiano G., Bonci E., Salvadei S., Scagnolari C., et al. Rhinovirus bronchiolitis and recurrent wheezing: 1-year follow-up. Eur. Respir. J. 2012, 39(2):396-402.
230. Nuolivirta K., Koponen P., Helminen M., Korppi M. Weight gain in infancy and post-bronchiolitis wheezing. Acta Paediatr. 2012, 101(1):38-42.
231. Koponen P., Helminen M., Paassilta M., Luukkaala T., Korppi M. Preschool asthma after bronchiolitis in infancy. Eur. Respir. J. 2012, 39(1):76-80.
232. Kim C.K., Seo J.K., Ban S.H., Fujisawa T., Kim D.W., Callaway Z. Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin levels at 3 months post-respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis are a predictive biomarker of recurrent wheezing. Biomarkers 2013, 18(3):230-235.
233. Valkonen H., Waris M., Ruohola A., Ruuskanen O., Heikkinen T. Recurrent wheezing after respiratory syncytial virus or non-respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infancy: a 3-year follow-up. Allergy 2009, 64(9):1359-1365.
234. Castro-Rodríguez J.A., Holberg C.J., Wright A.L., Martinez F.D. A clinical index to define risk of asthma in young children with recurrent wheezing. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2000, 162(4 Pt 1):1403-1406.
235. Oliveti J.F., Kercsmar C.M., Redline S. Pre- and perinatal risk factors for asthma in inner city African-American children. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1996, 143(6):570-577.
236. Arruda L.K., Solé D., Baena-Cagnani C.E., Naspitz C.K. Risk factors for asthma and atopy. Curr. Opin. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2005, 5(2):153-159.
237. Sherman C.B., Tosteson T.D., Tager I.B., Speizer F.E., Weiss S.T. Early childhood predictors of asthma. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1990, 132(1):83-95.
238. Voisin C., Sardella A., Marcucci F., Bernard A. Infant swimming in chlorinated pools and the risks of bronchiolitis, asthma and allergy. Eur. Respir. J. 2010, 36(1):41-47.
239. Karunasekera K.A., Jayasinghe J.A., Alwis L.W. Risk factors of childhood asthma: a Sri Lankan study. J. Trop. Pediatr. 2001, 47(3):142-145.
240. Korppi M. Asthma predictive factors in infants with bronchiolitis: asthma risk at 13-20 years of age. Eur. Respir. J. 2010, 36(1):221-222.
241. Mansbach J.M., Camargo C.A. Update on bronchiolitis. Emerg. Med. Crit. Rev. 2008, 4:35-38.
242. Howidi M., Rajah J., Abushrar Z., Parsons H. The severity of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in young infants in the United Arab Emirates. J. Trop. Pediatr. 2007, 53(1):22-26.
243. Koehoorn M., Karr C.J., Demers P.A., Lencar C., Tamburic L., Brauer M. Descriptive epidemiological features of bronchiolitis in a population-based cohort. Pediatrics 2008, 122(6):1196-1203.
244. Rakshi K., Couriel J.M. Management of acute bronchiolitis. Arch. Dis. Child. 1994, 71(5):463-469.
245. Ricart S., Marcos M.A., Sarda M., Anton A., Muñoz-Almagro C., Pumarola T., et al. Clinical risk factors are more relevant than respiratory viruses in predicting bronchiolitis severity. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2013, 48(5):456-463.
246. Martinello R.A., Chen M.D., Weibel C., Kahn J.S. Correlation between respiratory syncytial virus genotype and severity of illness. J. Infect. Dis. 2002, 186(6):839-842.
247. Walsh E.E., McConnochie K.M., Long C.E., Hall C.B. Severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection is related to virus strain. J. Infect. Dis. 1997, 175(4):814-820.
248. Vieira R.A., Diniz E.M., Ceccon M.E. Correlation between inflammatory mediators in the nasopharyngeal secretion and in the serum of children with lower respiratory tract infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus and disease severity. J. Bras. Pneumol. 2010, 36(1):59-66.
249. Semple M.G., Dankert H.M., Ebrahimi B., Correia J.B., Booth J.A., Stewart J.P., et al. Severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infants is associated with reduced airway interferon gamma and substance P. PLoS One 2007, 2(10):e1038.
250. Papoff P., Moretti C., Cangiano G., Bonci E., Roggini M., Pierangeli A., et al. Incidence and predisposing factors for severe disease in previously healthy term infants experiencing their first episode of bronchiolitis. Acta Paediatr. 2011, 100(7):e17-e23.
251. Flaherman V.J., Ragins A.I., Li S.X., Kipnis P., Masaquel A., Escobar G.J. Frequency, duration and predictors of bronchiolitis episodes of care among infants ≥32 weeks gestation in a large integrated healthcare system: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Health Serv. Res. 2012, 12:144.
252. Wang E.E., Law B.J., Stephens D. Pediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) prospective study of risk factors and outcomes in patients hospitalized with respiratory syncytial viral lower respiratory tract infection. J. Pediatr. 1995, 126(2):212-219.
253. Akiyama N., Segawa T., Ida H., Mezawa H., Noya M., Tamez S., et al. Bimodal effects of obesity ratio on disease duration of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children. Allergol. Int. 2011, 60(3):305-308.
254. Tasker R.C., Gordon I., Kiff K. Time course of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in mechanically ventilated infants. Acta Paediatr. 2000, 89(8):938-941.
255. Spaeder M.C., Fackler J.C. Time series model to predict burden of viral respiratory illness on a pediatric intensive care unit. Med. Decis. Making 2011, 31(3):494-499.
256. Houben M.L., Rovers M.M., Wilbrink B., Belderbos M.E., Bloemen-Carlier E.M., Visser G.H., et al. High concentrations of amniotic fluid proinflammatory cytokines in healthy neonates are associated with low risk of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2012, 31(9):931-934.
257. Luo G. A roadmap for designing a personalized search tool for individual healthcare providers. J. Med. Syst. 2014, 38(2):6.
258. Morgan S.L., Winship C. Counterfactuals and Causal Inference: Methods and Principles for Social Research 2007, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY.
259. Pearl J. Causality: Models, Reasoning, and Inference 2009, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY. 2nd ed.
260. Markatou M., Don P.K., Hu J., Wang F., Sun J., Sorrentino R., et al. Case-based reasoning in comparative effectiveness research. IBM J. Res. Dev. 2012, 56(5):4.
261. Luo G. Open issues in intelligent personal health record - an updated status report for 2012. J. Med. Syst. 2013, 37(3):9943.
262. Conway M., Dowling J.N., Chapman W.W. Using chief complaints for syndromic surveillance: a review of chief complaint based classifiers in North America. J. Biomed. Inform. 2013, 46(4):734-743.
263. Guyon I., Elisseeff A. An introduction to variable and feature selection. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 2003, 3:1157-1182.
264. Neuvirth H., Ozery-Flato M., Hu J., Laserson J., Kohn M.S., Ebadollahi S., et al. Toward personalized care management of patients at risk: the diabetes case study. Proceedings of KDD'11 2011, 395-403.
265. Jiang J. A literature survey on domain adaptation of statistical classifiers 2008, Available at http://sifaka.cs.uiuc.edu/jiang4/domain_adaptation/survey/da_survey.pdf.
266. Wennberg J.E. Dealing with medical practice variations: a proposal for action. Health Aff. (Millwood) 1984, 3(2):6-32.
267. Health Services Research Group Small area variations: what are they and what do they mean?. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 1992, 146(4):467-470.
268. Wennberg J.E. Which rate is right?. N. Engl. J. Med. 1986, 314(5):310-311.
269. Wiens J., Guttag J., Horvitz E. A study in transfer learning: leveraging data from multiple hospitals to enhance hospital-specific predictions. J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc. 2014, 10.1136/amiajnl-2013-002162.
270. Pan S.J., Yang Q. A survey on transfer learning. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 2010, 22(10):1345-1359.
271. A. Johnson, C. Hartling, C.J. Hoydu, J. Ballard, Adventure in bronchiolitis: respiratory outpatient clinic education & review, NACHRI 2009 Annual Meeting Poster Presentation, Available at. http://www.childrenshospitals.net/AM/Template.cfm%3FSection=t%26template=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm%26ContentID=48598.
272. Moher D., Liberati A., Tetzlaff J., Altman D.G., The PRISMA Group Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009, 6(7):e1000097.
273. Bonnie K. Evaluating informatics applications - clinical decision support systems literature review. Int. J. Med. Inf. 2001, 64(1):15-37.