메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue MAY, 2014, Pages

Implicit motivational processes underlying smoking in American and Dutch adolescents

Author keywords

Adolescents; Cognitive biases; Inhibition; Risk taking; Smoking; Working memory

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION; AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR; COGNITIVE BIAS; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN; INHIBITION (PSYCHOLOGY); MOTIVATION; NERVE STIMULATION; NETHERLANDS; PREDICTIVE VALUE; RISK FACTOR; SMOKING HABIT; STROOP TEST; TASK PERFORMANCE; TOBACCO DEPENDENCE; UNITED STATES; WORKING MEMORY;

EID: 84904510461     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16640640     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00051     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (25)

References (74)
  • 2
    • 0032808566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana, other risk behaviors, and American youth
    • doi:10.1016/S0376-8716(99)00034-4
    • Merrill JC, Kleber HD, Shwartz M, Liu H, Lewis SR. Cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana, other risk behaviors, and American youth. Drug Alcohol Depend (1999) 56:205-12. doi:10.1016/S0376-8716(99)00034-4
    • (1999) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.56 , pp. 205-212
    • Merrill, J.C.1    Kleber, H.D.2    Shwartz, M.3    Liu, H.4    Lewis, S.R.5
  • 3
    • 84904514386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Drug Monitor
    • Utrecht: Trimbos Institute, The Netherlands
    • National Drug Monitor (2009). Utrecht: Trimbos Institute, The Netherlands.
    • (2009)
  • 4
    • 84865436824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Youth risk behavior surveillance-United States
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Youth risk behavior surveillance-United States, 2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep (2012) 2012:61.
    • (2011) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , pp. 61
  • 5
    • 27644568988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decision making, impulse control and loss of willpower to resist drugs: a neurocognitive perspective
    • doi:10.1038/nn1584
    • Bechara A. Decision making, impulse control and loss of willpower to resist drugs: a neurocognitive perspective. Nat Neurosci (2005) 8:1458-63. doi:10.1038/nn1584
    • (2005) Nat Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 1458-1463
    • Bechara, A.1
  • 6
    • 33845330569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duality models in social psychology: from dual processes to interacting systems
    • doi:10.1207/s15327965pli1703_2 CrossRef Full Text
    • Deutsch R, Strack F. Duality models in social psychology: from dual processes to interacting systems. Psychol Inq (2006) 17:166-72. doi:10.1207/s15327965pli1703_2 CrossRef Full Text
    • (2006) Psychol Inq , vol.17 , pp. 166-172
    • Deutsch, R.1    Strack, F.2
  • 7
    • 33847107671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic and controlled processes and the development of addictive behaviors in adolescents: a review and a model
    • doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2006.09.021
    • Wiers RW, Bartholow BD, van den Wildenberg E, Thush C, Engels RC, Sher KJ, et al. Automatic and controlled processes and the development of addictive behaviors in adolescents: a review and a model. Pharmacol Biochem Behav (2007) 86:263-83. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2006.09.021
    • (2007) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.86 , pp. 263-283
    • Wiers, R.W.1    Bartholow, B.D.2    van den Wildenberg, E.3    Thush, C.4    Engels, R.C.5    Sher, K.J.6
  • 8
    • 84879923385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive bias modification and cognitive control training in addiction and related psychopathology: mechanisms, clinical perspectives, and ways forward
    • doi:10.1177/2167702612466547 CrossRef Full Text
    • Wiers RW, Gladwin TE, Hofmann W, Salemink E, Ridderinkhof RK. Cognitive bias modification and cognitive control training in addiction and related psychopathology: mechanisms, clinical perspectives, and ways forward. Clin Psychol Sci (2013) 1:192-212. doi:10.1177/2167702612466547 CrossRef Full Text
    • (2013) Clin Psychol Sci , vol.1 , pp. 192-212
    • Wiers, R.W.1    Gladwin, T.E.2    Hofmann, W.3    Salemink, E.4    Ridderinkhof, R.K.5
  • 9
    • 0013249385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addiction
    • doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145237
    • Robinson TE, Berridge KC. Addiction. Annu Rev Psychol (2003) 54:25-53. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145237
    • (2003) Annu Rev Psychol , vol.54 , pp. 25-53
    • Robinson, T.E.1    Berridge, K.C.2
  • 10
    • 0032423613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is the role of dopamine in reward: hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience?
    • doi:10.1016/S0165-0173(98)00019-8
    • Berridge KC, Robinson TE. What is the role of dopamine in reward: hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience? Brain Res Rev (1998) 28:309-69. doi:10.1016/S0165-0173(98)00019-8
    • (1998) Brain Res Rev , vol.28 , pp. 309-369
    • Berridge, K.C.1    Robinson, T.E.2
  • 11
    • 0027305458 scopus 로고
    • The neural basis of drug craving: an incentive-sensitization theory of addiction
    • doi:10.1016/0165-0173(93)90013-P
    • Robinson TE, Berridge KC. The neural basis of drug craving: an incentive-sensitization theory of addiction. Brain Res Rev (1993) 18:247-91. doi:10.1016/0165-0173(93)90013-P
    • (1993) Brain Res Rev , vol.18 , pp. 247-291
    • Robinson, T.E.1    Berridge, K.C.2
  • 12
    • 59149093496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relatively strong automatic appetitive action-tendencies in male carriers of the OPRM1 G-allele
    • doi:10.1111/j.1601-183X.2008.00454.x
    • Wiers RW, Rinck M, Dictus M, van den Wildenberg E. Relatively strong automatic appetitive action-tendencies in male carriers of the OPRM1 G-allele. Genes Brain Behav (2009) 8:101-6. doi:10.1111/j.1601-183X.2008.00454.x
    • (2009) Genes Brain Behav , vol.8 , pp. 101-106
    • Wiers, R.W.1    Rinck, M.2    Dictus, M.3    van den Wildenberg, E.4
  • 13
    • 0041325037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alcohol-related motivational tendencies in hazardous drinkers: assessing implicit response tendencies using the modified-IAT
    • doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(03)00018-4
    • Palfai TP, Ostafin BD. Alcohol-related motivational tendencies in hazardous drinkers: assessing implicit response tendencies using the modified-IAT. Behav Res Ther (2003) 41:1149-62. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(03)00018-4
    • (2003) Behav Res Ther , vol.41 , pp. 1149-1162
    • Palfai, T.P.1    Ostafin, B.D.2
  • 14
    • 0036828909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit alcohol-related cognitions in heavy and light drinkers
    • doi:10.1037/0021-843X.111.4.648
    • Wiers RW, van Woerden N, Smulders FTY, de Jong PJ. Implicit and explicit alcohol-related cognitions in heavy and light drinkers. J Abnorm Psychol (2002) 111:648-58. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.111.4.648
    • (2002) J Abnorm Psychol , vol.111 , pp. 648-658
    • Wiers, R.W.1    van Woerden, N.2    Smulders, F.T.Y.3    de Jong, P.J.4
  • 15
    • 77952942149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit cognition and addiction: a tool for explaining paradoxical behavior
    • doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131444
    • Stacy AW, Wiers RW. Implicit cognition and addiction: a tool for explaining paradoxical behavior. Annu Rev Clin Psychol (2010) 6:551-75. doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131444
    • (2010) Annu Rev Clin Psychol , vol.6 , pp. 551-575
    • Stacy, A.W.1    Wiers, R.W.2
  • 16
    • 1242339738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attentional and evaluative biases for smoking cues in nicotine dependence: component processes of biases in visual orienting
    • doi:10.1097/00008877-200402000-00004
    • Bradley B, Field M, Mogg K, De Houwer J. Attentional and evaluative biases for smoking cues in nicotine dependence: component processes of biases in visual orienting. Behav Pharmacol (2004) 15:29-36. doi:10.1097/00008877-200402000-00004
    • (2004) Behav Pharmacol , vol.15 , pp. 29-36
    • Bradley, B.1    Field, M.2    Mogg, K.3    De Houwer, J.4
  • 17
    • 0036644496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing attentional bias to smoking cues in current smokers, former smokers, and nonsmokers using a dot-probe task
    • doi:10.1016/S0376-8716(02)00065-0
    • Ehrman RN, Robbins SJ, Bromwell MA, Lankford ME, Monterosso JR, O'Brien CP. Comparing attentional bias to smoking cues in current smokers, former smokers, and nonsmokers using a dot-probe task. Drug Alcohol Depend (2002) 67:185-91. doi:10.1016/S0376-8716(02)00065-0
    • (2002) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.67 , pp. 185-191
    • Ehrman, R.N.1    Robbins, S.J.2    Bromwell, M.A.3    Lankford, M.E.4    Monterosso, J.R.5    O'Brien, C.P.6
  • 18
    • 78649332633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attentional bias towards cigarette cues in active smokers
    • doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1953-1
    • Chanon VW, Sours CR, Boettiger CA. Attentional bias towards cigarette cues in active smokers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) (2010) 212:309-20. doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1953-1
    • (2010) Psychopharmacology (Berl) , vol.212 , pp. 309-320
    • Chanon, V.W.1    Sours, C.R.2    Boettiger, C.A.3
  • 19
    • 46649106485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attentional bias in addictive behaviors: a review of its development, causes, and consequences
    • doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.03.030
    • Field M, Cox WM. Attentional bias in addictive behaviors: a review of its development, causes, and consequences. Drug Alcohol Depend (2008) 92:1-20. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.03.030
    • (2008) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.92 , pp. 1-20
    • Field, M.1    Cox, W.M.2
  • 20
    • 21244472281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alcohol increases cognitive biases for smoking cues in smokers
    • doi:10.1007/s00213-005-2251-1
    • Field M, Mogg K, Bradley BP. Alcohol increases cognitive biases for smoking cues in smokers. Psychopharmacology (2005) 180:63-72. doi:10.1007/s00213-005-2251-1
    • (2005) Psychopharmacology , vol.180 , pp. 63-72
    • Field, M.1    Mogg, K.2    Bradley, B.P.3
  • 21
    • 0038510009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eye movements to smoking-related pictures in smokers: relationship between attentional biases and implicit and explicit measures of stimulus valence
    • doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00392.x
    • Mogg K, Bradley BP, Field M, De Houwer J. Eye movements to smoking-related pictures in smokers: relationship between attentional biases and implicit and explicit measures of stimulus valence. Addiction (2003) 98:825-36. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00392.x
    • (2003) Addiction , vol.98 , pp. 825-836
    • Mogg, K.1    Bradley, B.P.2    Field, M.3    De Houwer, J.4
  • 22
    • 21344444120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attentional and approach biases for smoking cues in smokers: an investigation of competing theoretical views of addiction
    • doi:10.1007/s00213-005-2158-x
    • Mogg K, Field M, Bradley BP. Attentional and approach biases for smoking cues in smokers: an investigation of competing theoretical views of addiction. Psychopharmacology (Berl) (2005) 180:333-41. doi:10.1007/s00213-005-2158-x
    • (2005) Psychopharmacology (Berl) , vol.180 , pp. 333-341
    • Mogg, K.1    Field, M.2    Bradley, B.P.3
  • 23
    • 0033755574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants and effects of attentional bias in smokers
    • doi:10.1037/0893-164X.14.2.111
    • Waters AJ, Feyerabend C. Determinants and effects of attentional bias in smokers. Psychol Addict Behav (2000) 14:111-20. doi:10.1037/0893-164X.14.2.111
    • (2000) Psychol Addict Behav , vol.14 , pp. 111-120
    • Waters, A.J.1    Feyerabend, C.2
  • 24
    • 79961123700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reaching out toward cannabis: approach-bias in heavy cannabis users predicts changes in cannabis use
    • doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03475.x
    • Cousijn J, Goudriaan AE, Wiers RW. Reaching out toward cannabis: approach-bias in heavy cannabis users predicts changes in cannabis use. Addiction (2011) 106:1667-74. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03475.x
    • (2011) Addiction , vol.106 , pp. 1667-1674
    • Cousijn, J.1    Goudriaan, A.E.2    Wiers, R.W.3
  • 25
    • 33748138613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective processing of cannabis cues in regular cannabis users
    • doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.03.018
    • Field M, Eastwood B, Bradley BP, Mogg K. Selective processing of cannabis cues in regular cannabis users. Drug Alcohol Depend (2006) 85:75-82. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.03.018
    • (2006) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.85 , pp. 75-82
    • Field, M.1    Eastwood, B.2    Bradley, B.P.3    Mogg, K.4
  • 26
    • 84867213473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic processes in high-risk adolescents: the role of alcohol-approach tendencies and response inhibition in drinking behavior
    • doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03948.x
    • Peeters M, Wiers RW, Monschouwer K, van de Schoot R, Janssen T, Vollebergh WAM. Automatic processes in high-risk adolescents: the role of alcohol-approach tendencies and response inhibition in drinking behavior. Addiction (2012) 107:1939-46. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03948.x
    • (2012) Addiction , vol.107 , pp. 1939-1946
    • Peeters, M.1    Wiers, R.W.2    Monschouwer, K.3    van de Schoot, R.4    Janssen, T.5    Vollebergh, W.A.M.6
  • 28
    • 44449117490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid approach responses to alcohol cues in heavy drinkers
    • doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2007.06.001
    • Field M, Kiernan A, Eastwood B, Child R. Rapid approach responses to alcohol cues in heavy drinkers. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry (2008) 39:209-18. doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2007.06.001
    • (2008) J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 209-218
    • Field, M.1    Kiernan, A.2    Eastwood, B.3    Child, R.4
  • 29
    • 50249182946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do the affective properties of smoking-related cues influence attentional and approach biases in cigarette smokers?
    • doi:10.1177/0269881107083844
    • Bradley B, Field M, Healy H, Mogg K. Do the affective properties of smoking-related cues influence attentional and approach biases in cigarette smokers? J Psychopharmacol (2008) 22:737-45. doi:10.1177/0269881107083844
    • (2008) J Psychopharmacol , vol.22 , pp. 737-745
    • Bradley, B.1    Field, M.2    Healy, H.3    Mogg, K.4
  • 30
    • 84904465560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motivational mechanisms underlying the approach bias to cigarettes
    • doi:10.5127/jep.030512 CrossRef Full Text
    • Watson P, de Wit S, Cousijn J, Hommel B, Wiers RW. Motivational mechanisms underlying the approach bias to cigarettes. J Exp Psychopathol (2013) 4:250-62. doi:10.5127/jep.030512 CrossRef Full Text
    • (2013) J Exp Psychopathol , vol.4 , pp. 250-262
    • Watson, P.1    de Wit, S.2    Cousijn, J.3    Hommel, B.4    Wiers, R.W.5
  • 31
    • 84881612508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic approach bias towards smoking cues is present in smokers but not in ex-smokers
    • doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3098-5
    • Wiers CE, Kühn S, Javadi AH, Korucuoglu O, Wiers RW, Walter H, et al. Automatic approach bias towards smoking cues is present in smokers but not in ex-smokers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) (2013) 229:187-97. doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3098-5
    • (2013) Psychopharmacology (Berl) , vol.229 , pp. 187-197
    • Wiers, C.E.1    Kühn, S.2    Javadi, A.H.3    Korucuoglu, O.4    Wiers, R.W.5    Walter, H.6
  • 32
    • 29044447863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic associations with the sensory aspects of smoking: positive in habitual smokers but negative in non-smokers
    • doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.04.014
    • Huijding JT, de Jong PJ. Automatic associations with the sensory aspects of smoking: positive in habitual smokers but negative in non-smokers. Addict Behav (2006) 31:182-6. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.04.014
    • (2006) Addict Behav , vol.31 , pp. 182-186
    • Huijding, J.T.1    de Jong, P.J.2
  • 33
    • 33845763386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit measures of alcohol and smoking cognitions
    • doi:10.1037/0893-164X.20.4.436
    • McCarthy DM, Thompsen DM. Implicit and explicit measures of alcohol and smoking cognitions. Psychol Addict Behav (2006) 20:436-44. doi:10.1037/0893-164X.20.4.436
    • (2006) Psychol Addict Behav , vol.20 , pp. 436-444
    • McCarthy, D.M.1    Thompsen, D.M.2
  • 35
    • 18844462416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit attitudes toward smoking in a smoking and a non-smoking setting
    • doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.09.014
    • Huijding J, de Jong PJ, Wiers RW, Verkooijen K. Implicit and explicit attitudes toward smoking in a smoking and a non-smoking setting. Addict Behav (2005) 30:949-61. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.09.014
    • (2005) Addict Behav , vol.30 , pp. 949-961
    • Huijding, J.1    de Jong, P.J.2    Wiers, R.W.3    Verkooijen, K.4
  • 36
    • 84899532448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit attitudes toward smoking: how the smell of cigarettes influences responses of college-age smokers and nonsmokers
    • doi:10.1177/1359105313476974
    • Glock S, Kovacs C, Unz D. Implicit attitudes toward smoking: how the smell of cigarettes influences responses of college-age smokers and nonsmokers. J Health Psychol (2013) 19(5):629-41. doi:10.1177/1359105313476974
    • (2013) J Health Psychol , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 629-641
    • Glock, S.1    Kovacs, C.2    Unz, D.3
  • 37
    • 84877354459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reward-related attentional biases and adolescent substance use: the TRAILS study
    • doi:10.1037/a0028271
    • van Hemel-Ruiter ME, de Jong PJ, Oldehinkel AJ, Ostafin BD. Reward-related attentional biases and adolescent substance use: the TRAILS study. Psychol Addict Behav (2013) 27:142-50. doi:10.1037/a0028271
    • (2013) Psychol Addict Behav , vol.27 , pp. 142-150
    • van Hemel-Ruiter, M.E.1    de Jong, P.J.2    Oldehinkel, A.J.3    Ostafin, B.D.4
  • 38
    • 78149500125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appetitive and regulatory processes in young adolescent drinkers
    • doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.08.002
    • van Hemel-Ruiter ME, de Jong PJ, Wiers RW. Appetitive and regulatory processes in young adolescent drinkers. Addict Behav (2011) 36:18-26. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.08.002
    • (2011) Addict Behav , vol.36 , pp. 18-26
    • van Hemel-Ruiter, M.E.1    de Jong, P.J.2    Wiers, R.W.3
  • 39
    • 84859597073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The moderating role of working memory capacity and alcohol-specific rule-setting on the relation between approach tendencies and alcohol use in young adolescents
    • doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01688.x
    • Pieters S, Burk WJ, Van der Vorst H, Wiers RW, Engels RC. The moderating role of working memory capacity and alcohol-specific rule-setting on the relation between approach tendencies and alcohol use in young adolescents. Alcohol Clin Exp Res (2012) 36:915-22. doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01688.x
    • (2012) Alcohol Clin Exp Res , vol.36 , pp. 915-922
    • Pieters, S.1    Burk, W.J.2    Van der Vorst, H.3    Wiers, R.W.4    Engels, R.C.5
  • 40
    • 80052782357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of the OPRM1 and DRD4 polymorphisms on the relation between attentional bias and alcohol use in adolescence and young adulthood
    • doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.07.008
    • Pieters S, Van Der Vorst H, Burk WJ, Schoenmakers TM, Van Den Wildenberg E, Smeets HJ, et al. The effect of the OPRM1 and DRD4 polymorphisms on the relation between attentional bias and alcohol use in adolescence and young adulthood. Dev Cogn Neurosci (2011) 4:591-9. doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.07.008
    • (2011) Dev Cogn Neurosci , vol.4 , pp. 591-599
    • Pieters, S.1    Van Der Vorst, H.2    Burk, W.J.3    Schoenmakers, T.M.4    Van Den Wildenberg, E.5    Smeets, H.J.6
  • 41
    • 84884291683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between tobacco smoking and cognitive functioning in young adults
    • doi:10.1111/j.1521-0391.2012.00290.x
    • Chamberlain SR, Odlaug BL, Schreiber LRN, Grant JE. Association between tobacco smoking and cognitive functioning in young adults. Am J Addict (2012) 21:14-9. doi:10.1111/j.1521-0391.2012.00290.x
    • (2012) Am J Addict , vol.21 , pp. 14-19
    • Chamberlain, S.R.1    Odlaug, B.L.2    Schreiber, L.R.N.3    Grant, J.E.4
  • 42
    • 10644244538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of smoking and smoking abstinence on cognition in adolescent tobacco smokers
    • doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.10.022
    • Jacobsen LK, Krystal JH, Mencl WE, Westerveld M, Frost SJ, Pugh KR. Effects of smoking and smoking abstinence on cognition in adolescent tobacco smokers. Biol Psychiatry (2005) 57:56-66. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.10.022
    • (2005) Biol Psychiatry , vol.57 , pp. 56-66
    • Jacobsen, L.K.1    Krystal, J.H.2    Mencl, W.E.3    Westerveld, M.4    Frost, S.J.5    Pugh, K.R.6
  • 43
    • 84875276973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A preliminary experimental investigation of peer influence on risk-taking among adolescent smokers and non-smokers
    • doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.09.020
    • Cavalca E, Kong G, Liss T, Reynolds EK, Schepsis TS, Lejuez CW, et al. A preliminary experimental investigation of peer influence on risk-taking among adolescent smokers and non-smokers. Drug Alcohol Depend (2013) 129:163-6. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.09.020
    • (2013) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.129 , pp. 163-166
    • Cavalca, E.1    Kong, G.2    Liss, T.3    Reynolds, E.K.4    Schepsis, T.S.5    Lejuez, C.W.6
  • 46
    • 0042378718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contextual variations in implicit evaluation
    • doi:10.1037/0096-3445.132.3.455
    • Mitchell JP, Nosek BA, Banaji MR. Contextual variations in implicit evaluation. J Exp Psychol Gen (2003) 132:455-69. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.132.3.455
    • (2003) J Exp Psychol Gen , vol.132 , pp. 455-469
    • Mitchell, J.P.1    Nosek, B.A.2    Banaji, M.R.3
  • 47
    • 0003516113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory-II
    • San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation
    • Beck AT, Steer RA, Brown GK. Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory-II. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation (1996).
    • (1996)
    • Beck, A.T.1    Steer, R.A.2    Brown, G.K.3
  • 48
    • 33947545466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approach and avoidance in fear of spiders
    • doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2006.10.001
    • Rinck M, Becker ES. Approach and avoidance in fear of spiders. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry (2007) 38:105-20. doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2006.10.001
    • (2007) J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry , vol.38 , pp. 105-120
    • Rinck, M.1    Becker, E.S.2
  • 49
    • 0032084985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: the implicit association test
    • doi:10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1464
    • Greenwald AG, McGhee DE, Schwartz JLK. Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: the implicit association test. J Pers Soc Psychol (1998) 74:1464-79. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1464
    • (1998) J Pers Soc Psychol , vol.74 , pp. 1464-1479
    • Greenwald, A.G.1    McGhee, D.E.2    Schwartz, J.L.K.3
  • 50
    • 67349098693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The brief implicit association test
    • doi:10.1027/1618-3169.56.4.283 CrossRef Full Text
    • Sriram N, Greenwald AG. The brief implicit association test. Exp Psychol (2009) 56:283-94. doi:10.1027/1618-3169.56.4.283 CrossRef Full Text
    • (2009) Exp Psychol , vol.56 , pp. 283-294
    • Sriram, N.1    Greenwald, A.G.2
  • 51
    • 33744912503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The addiction-Stroop test: theoretical considerations and procedural recommendations
    • doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.3.443
    • Cox WM, Fadardi JS, Pothos EM. The addiction-Stroop test: theoretical considerations and procedural recommendations. Psychol Bull (2006) 132:443-76. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.3.443
    • (2006) Psychol Bull , vol.132 , pp. 443-476
    • Cox, W.M.1    Fadardi, J.S.2    Pothos, E.M.3
  • 52
    • 18844451483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generalizability of carry-over effects in the emotional Stroop task
    • doi:10.1016/j.brat.2004.06.003
    • Waters AJ, Sayette MA, Franken IH, Schwartz JE. Generalizability of carry-over effects in the emotional Stroop task. Behav Res Ther (2005) 43:715-32. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2004.06.003
    • (2005) Behav Res Ther , vol.43 , pp. 715-732
    • Waters, A.J.1    Sayette, M.A.2    Franken, I.H.3    Schwartz, J.E.4
  • 53
    • 0030187745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emotional Stroop task and psychopathology
    • doi:10.1037/0033-2909.120.1.3 CrossRef Full Text
    • Williams JM, Mathews A, Macleod C. The emotional Stroop task and psychopathology. Psychol Bull (1996) 120:3-24. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.120.1.3 CrossRef Full Text
    • (1996) Psychol Bull , vol.120 , pp. 3-24
    • Williams, J.M.1    Mathews, A.2    Macleod, C.3
  • 54
    • 63149131410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response inhibition moderates the relationship between implicit associations and drinking behavior
    • doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00877.x
    • Houben K, Wiers RW. Response inhibition moderates the relationship between implicit associations and drinking behavior. Alcohol Clin Exp Res (2009) 33:626-33. doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00877.x
    • (2009) Alcohol Clin Exp Res , vol.33 , pp. 626-633
    • Houben, K.1    Wiers, R.W.2
  • 55
    • 0026132381 scopus 로고
    • Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: an integrative review
    • doi:10.1037/0033-2909.109.2.163 CrossRef Full Text
    • MacLeod CM. Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: an integrative review. Psychol Bull (1991) 109:163-203. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.109.2.163 CrossRef Full Text
    • (1991) Psychol Bull , vol.109 , pp. 163-203
    • MacLeod, C.M.1
  • 56
    • 57049145197 scopus 로고
    • Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions
    • doi:10.1037/h0054651 CrossRef Full Text
    • Stroop JR. Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. J Exp Psychol (1935) 18:643-62. doi:10.1037/h0054651 CrossRef Full Text
    • (1935) J Exp Psychol , vol.18 , pp. 643-662
    • Stroop, J.R.1
  • 57
    • 0019995425 scopus 로고
    • Deficits on subject-ordered tasks after frontal-and temporal-lobe lesions in man
    • doi:10.1016/0028-3932(82)90100-2 CrossRef Full Text
    • Petrides M, Milner B. Deficits on subject-ordered tasks after frontal-and temporal-lobe lesions in man. Neuropsychologia (1982) 20:249-69. doi:10.1016/0028-3932(82)90100-2 CrossRef Full Text
    • (1982) Neuropsychologia , vol.20 , pp. 249-269
    • Petrides, M.1    Milner, B.2
  • 58
    • 0036593780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a behavioral measure of risk taking: the balloon analogue risk task (BART)
    • doi:10.1037/1076-898X.8.2.75 CrossRef Full Text
    • Lejuez C, Read JP, Kahler CW, Richards JB, Ramsey SE, Stuart GL, et al. Evaluation of a behavioral measure of risk taking: the balloon analogue risk task (BART). J Exp Psychol Appl (2002) 8:75-84. doi:10.1037/1076-898X.8.2.75 CrossRef Full Text
    • (2002) J Exp Psychol Appl , vol.8 , pp. 75-84
    • Lejuez, C.1    Read, J.P.2    Kahler, C.W.3    Richards, J.B.4    Ramsey, S.E.5    Stuart, G.L.6
  • 59
    • 57949107455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of an automatic response mode to improve the clinical utility of sequential risk-taking tasks
    • doi:10.1037/a0014245
    • Pleskac TJ, Wallsten TS, Wang P, Lejuez C. Development of an automatic response mode to improve the clinical utility of sequential risk-taking tasks. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol (2008) 16:555-64. doi:10.1037/a0014245
    • (2008) Exp Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.16 , pp. 555-564
    • Pleskac, T.J.1    Wallsten, T.S.2    Wang, P.3    Lejuez, C.4
  • 60
    • 0025923219 scopus 로고
    • The Fagerström test for nicotine dependence: a revision of the Fagerström tolerance questionnaire
    • doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x
    • Heatherton TF, Kozlowski LT, Frecker RC, Fagerstrom KO. The Fagerström test for nicotine dependence: a revision of the Fagerström tolerance questionnaire. Br J Addict (1991) 86:1119-27. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x
    • (1991) Br J Addict , vol.86 , pp. 1119-1127
    • Heatherton, T.F.1    Kozlowski, L.T.2    Frecker, R.C.3    Fagerstrom, K.O.4
  • 61
    • 84875915396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approach bias modification in alcohol dependence: do clinical effects replicate and for whom does it works best?
    • doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2012.11.002
    • Eberl C, Wiers RW, Pawelczack S, Rinck M, Becker ES, Lindenmeyer J. Approach bias modification in alcohol dependence: do clinical effects replicate and for whom does it works best? Dev Cogn Neurosci (2013) 4:38-51. doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2012.11.002
    • (2013) Dev Cogn Neurosci , vol.4 , pp. 38-51
    • Eberl, C.1    Wiers, R.W.2    Pawelczack, S.3    Rinck, M.4    Becker, E.S.5    Lindenmeyer, J.6
  • 63
    • 0037342703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attentional bias in drug dependence: vigilance for cigarette-related cues in smokers
    • doi:10.1037/0893-164X.17.1.66
    • Bradley BP, Mogg K, Wright T, Field M. Attentional bias in drug dependence: vigilance for cigarette-related cues in smokers. Psychol Addict Behav (2003) 17:66-72. doi:10.1037/0893-164X.17.1.66
    • (2003) Psychol Addict Behav , vol.17 , pp. 66-72
    • Bradley, B.P.1    Mogg, K.2    Wright, T.3    Field, M.4
  • 64
    • 0142061672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attentional shifts to smoking cues in smokers
    • Waters AJ, Shiffman S, Bradley BP, Mogg K. Attentional shifts to smoking cues in smokers. Addiction (2003) 98(10):1409-17.
    • (2003) Addiction , vol.98 , Issue.10 , pp. 1409-1417
    • Waters, A.J.1    Shiffman, S.2    Bradley, B.P.3    Mogg, K.4
  • 65
    • 0034732318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of dopamine in the behavioural actions of nicotine related to addiction
    • Di Chiara G. Role of dopamine in the behavioural actions of nicotine related to addiction. Eur J Pharmacol (2000) 393:295-314.
    • (2000) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.393 , pp. 295-314
    • Di Chiara, G.1
  • 66
    • 27644454882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural systems of reinforcement for drug addiction: from actions to habits to compulsion
    • Everitt BJ, Robbins TW. Neural systems of reinforcement for drug addiction: from actions to habits to compulsion. Nat Neurosci (2005) 8:1481-9.
    • (2005) Nat Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 1481-1489
    • Everitt, B.J.1    Robbins, T.W.2
  • 67
    • 84870462207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathways of change explaining the effect of smoke-free legislation on smoking cessation in The Netherlands. An application of the international tobacco control conceptual model
    • doi:10.1093/ntr/nts081
    • Nagelhout GE, de Vries H, Fong GT, Candel MJ, Thrasher JF, van den Putten B, et al. Pathways of change explaining the effect of smoke-free legislation on smoking cessation in The Netherlands. An application of the international tobacco control conceptual model. Nicotine Tob Res (2012) 14:1474-82. doi:10.1093/ntr/nts081
    • (2012) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.14 , pp. 1474-1482
    • Nagelhout, G.E.1    de Vries, H.2    Fong, G.T.3    Candel, M.J.4    Thrasher, J.F.5    van den Putten, B.6
  • 68
    • 84879745795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoker's decision making: more than mere risk taking
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0068064
    • Ert E, Yechiam E, Arshavsky O. Smoker's decision making: more than mere risk taking. PLoS One (2013) 8:e68064. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0068064
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8
    • Ert, E.1    Yechiam, E.2    Arshavsky, O.3
  • 70
    • 33947160295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral impulsivity predicts treatment outcome in a smoking cessation program for adolescent smokers
    • doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.09.006
    • Krishnan-Sarin S, Reynolds B, Duhig AM, Smith A, Liss A, McFetridge A, et al. Behavioral impulsivity predicts treatment outcome in a smoking cessation program for adolescent smokers. Drug Alcohol Depend (2007) 88:79-82. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.09.006
    • (2007) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.88 , pp. 79-82
    • Krishnan-Sarin, S.1    Reynolds, B.2    Duhig, A.M.3    Smith, A.4    Liss, A.5    McFetridge, A.6
  • 71
    • 0142155128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delay and probability discounting as related to different stages of adolescent smoking and nonsmoking
    • doi:10.1016/S0376-6357(03)00168-2 CrossRef Full Text
    • Reynolds B, Karraker K, Horn K, Richards JB. Delay and probability discounting as related to different stages of adolescent smoking and nonsmoking. Behav Processes (2003) 64:333-44. doi:10.1016/S0376-6357(03)00168-2 CrossRef Full Text
    • (2003) Behav Processes , vol.64 , pp. 333-344
    • Reynolds, B.1    Karraker, K.2    Horn, K.3    Richards, J.B.4
  • 72
    • 80052702910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addiction, adolescence, and the integration of control and motivation
    • doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.06.008
    • Gladwin TE, Figner B, Crone EA, Wiers RW. Addiction, adolescence, and the integration of control and motivation. Dev Cogn Neurosci (2011) 1:364-76. doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.06.008
    • (2011) Dev Cogn Neurosci , vol.1 , pp. 364-376
    • Gladwin, T.E.1    Figner, B.2    Crone, E.A.3    Wiers, R.W.4
  • 73
    • 84857139761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of active and passive peer influence on young adult smoking: an experimental study
    • doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.08.029
    • Harakeh Z, Vollebergh WAM. The impact of active and passive peer influence on young adult smoking: an experimental study. Drug Alcohol Depend (2012) 121:220-3. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.08.029
    • (2012) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.121 , pp. 220-223
    • Harakeh, Z.1    Vollebergh, W.A.M.2
  • 74
    • 84874097470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Young adult smoking in peer groups: an experimental observational study
    • doi:10.1093/ntr/nts183
    • Harakeh Z, Vollebergh WAM. Young adult smoking in peer groups: an experimental observational study. Nicotine Tob Res (2013) 15:656-61. doi:10.1093/ntr/nts183
    • (2013) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.15 , pp. 656-661
    • Harakeh, Z.1    Vollebergh, W.A.M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.