The Group Objective Structured Clinical Experience: Building communication skills in the clinical reasoning context

Patient Education and Counseling

Volumn 96, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 79-85

  Konopasek, Lyuba ^a,b   Kelly, Kevin V ^b   Bylund, Carma L ^c,d   Wenderoth, Suzanne ^e   Storey Johnson, Carol ^b  

^a NEW YORK PRESBYTERIAN HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b WEILL CORNELL MEDICAL COLLEGE   (United States)

^c HAMAD MEDICAL CORPORATION   (Qatar)

^d WEILL CORNELL MEDICAL COLLEGE   (Qatar)

^e Reading Health System   (United States)

Author keywords

Clinical reasoning; Communication; Feedback; Medical education; Self assessment; Self efficacy; Standardized patient

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; COMMUNICATION SKILL; EDUCATION PROGRAM; FEASIBILITY STUDY; GROUP OBJECTIVE STRUCTURED CLINICAL EXPERIENCE TECHNIQUE; HUMAN; LEARNING STYLE; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; MEDICAL EDUCATION; MEDICAL STUDENT; PEDIATRICS; PEER GROUP; PILOT STUDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SELF CONCEPT; STANDARDIZATION; STUDENT ATTITUDE; TEACHER; TEACHING; CLINICAL COMPETENCE; DOCTOR PATIENT RELATION; EDUCATIONAL MODEL; FEEDBACK SYSTEM; FEMALE; INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION; LEARNING; MALE; PROBLEM BASED LEARNING; PROCEDURES; PROGRAM EVALUATION; SELF EVALUATION; THINKING;

CLINICAL COMPETENCE; COMMUNICATION; EDUCATION, MEDICAL, UNDERGRADUATE; FEASIBILITY STUDIES; FEEDBACK; FEMALE; HUMANS; LEARNING; MALE; MODELS, EDUCATIONAL; PATIENT SIMULATION; PHYSICIAN-PATIENT RELATIONS; PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING; PROGRAM EVALUATION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SELF EFFICACY; SELF-ASSESSMENT; THINKING;

EID: 84902260390     PISSN: 07383991     EISSN: 18735134     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2014.04.003     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. To err is human: buidling a safer health system 1999, Institute of Medicine, Washington, DC.
2. Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century 2001, Institute of Medicine, Washington, DC.
3. Leape L., Berwick D., Clancy C., Conway J., Gluck P., Guest J., et al. Transforming healthcare: a safety imperative. Qual Saf Health Care 2009, 18:424-428.
4. Brown J.B., Stewart M., Ryan B.L. Outcomes of patient-provider interaction. Handbook of health communication 2003, 141-161. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ. T.L. Thompson (Ed.).
5. Levinson W., Roter D.L., Mullooly J.P., Dull V.T., Frankel R.M. Physician-patient communication; the relationship with malpractice claims among primary care physicians and surgeons. J Amer Med Assoc 1997, 277:553-559.
6. Hampton J.R., Harrison M.J., Mitchell J.R., Prichard J.S., Seymour C. Relevant contriubtions of history taking, physical examination and laboratory investigation to diagnosis and management of medical outpatients. Brit Med J 1975, 31:486-489.
7. The medical interview: clinical care, education, and research 1995, Springer, New York. M. Lipkin, S.M. Putnam, A. Labare (Eds.).
8. Stewart M.A. Effective physician-patient communication and health outcomes: a review. J Can Med Assoc 1995, 152:1423-1433.
9. Epstein R., Street R.L. Patient-centered communication in cancer care: promoting healing and reducing suffering 2007, N.C. Institute, Editor, Bethesda, MD.
10. Functions and structure of a medical school: standards for accreditation of medical education programs leading to the M.D. Degree. 2014, Liason Committee on Medical Education.
11. ACGME common program requirements 2013, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Chicago,IL.
12. Makoul G. The SEGUE framework for teaching and assessing communication skills. Patient Educ Couns 2001, 45:23-34.
13. Makoul G., Schoefield T. Communication teaching and assessment in medical education: an international consensus statement. Netherlands institute of primary healthcare. Patient Educ Couns 1999, 37:191-195.
14. Novack D.H., Dube C., Goldstein M.G. Teaching medical interviewing: a basic course on interviewing and the physician-patient relationship. Arch Int Med 1992, 1814-1820.
15. Novack D.H., Volk G., Drossman D.A., Lipkin M. Medical interviewing and interpersonal skills teaching in U.S. medical schools: progress, problems, and promise. J Amer Med Assoc 1993, 269:2101-2105.
16. Kurtz S., Silverman J., Draper J. Teaching and learning communication skills in medicine 1998, Radcliffe Medical Press Ltd., Abingdon.
17. Kurtz S., Silverman J. The Calgary-Cambridge reference observation guides: an aid to defining curriculum and organising teaching in communication training programmes. Med Educ 1996, 30:83-89.
18. Duffy F.D. Assessing competence in communication and interpersonal skills: the Kalamazoo II report. Acad Med 2004, 79:508-510.
19. Brown R.F., Bylund C.L. Communication skills training: describing a new conceptual model. Acad Med 2008, 83:37-44.
20. Krupat E., Frankel R., Stein T., Irish J. The Four Habits Coding Scheme: validation of an instrument to assess clinicians' communication behavior. Patient Educ Couns 2006, 62:38-45.
21. Stein T., Frankel R., Krupat E. Enhancing communication skills in a large healthcare organization: a longitudinal case study. Patient Educ Couns 2005, 58:4-12.
22. Cole S.A., Bird J. The medical interview: the three function approach 2000, Mosby Inc., St. Louis, MO.
23. Keller V.F., Caroll J.G. A new model for physician-patient communication. Patient Educ Couns 1994, 35:121-140.
24. Stewart M., Brown J.B., Weston W.W., McWhinney I.R., McWilliam C.L., Freeman T.R. Patient-centered medicine: transforming the clinical method 1995, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
25. Kalet A., Pugnaire M.P., Cole-Kelly K., Janicik R., Ferrara E., Schwartz M.D., et al. Teaching communication in clinical clerkships: models from the Macy Initiative in Health Communications. Acad Med 2004, 79:511-520.
26. Rees C., Sheard C. The relationship between medical students' attitudes towards communicaton skills learning and their demographic and education-related characteristics: a pilot study. Med Educ 2002, 36:1017-1027.
27. Aspegren K. Teaching and learning communication skills in medicine - a review with quality grading of articles. Med Teacher 1999, 21:563-570.
28. Knowles M.S., Holton E.F., Swanson R.A. The adult learner 2011, Elsevier, Oxford, UK. 7th ed.
29. Veldhuijzen W., Mogendorff K., Ram P., van der Weijden T., Elwyn G., van der Vleuten C. How doctors move from generic goals to specific communicative behaivor in real practice consultations. Patient Educ Couns 2013, 2:170-176.
30. Rosenbaum M.E., Axelson R. Curricular disconnects in learning communication skills: what and how students learn about communication during clinical clerkships. Patient Educ Couns 2012, p. epub ahead of print.
31. Scott N.C., Donnelly M.B., Hess J.W. Changes in interviewing styles of medical students. J Med Educ 1975, 50:1124-1126.
32. Craig J.L. Retention of interviewing skills learned by first-year medical students: a longitudinal study. Med Educ 1992, 26:276-281.
33. Pfeiffer C., Madray H., Ardolino A., Willims J. The rise and fall of students' skill in obtaining a medical history. Med Educ 1998, 32:283-288.
34. Krupat E., Pelletier S., Alexander E.K., Hirsh D., Ogur B., Schwartzstein R. Can changes in the principal clinical year prevent the erosion of students' patient-centered beliefs?. Acad Med 2009, 84:582-586.
35. Hojat M., Mangione S., Nasca T.J., Rattner S., Erdmann J.B., Gonnella J.S., et al. An empirical study of decline in empathy in medical school. Med Educ 2004, 38:934-941.
36. Hafferty F.W. Beyond curriculum reform: confronting medicine's hidden curriculum. Acad Med 1998, 73:403-407.
37. Windish D.M., Price E.G., Clever S.L., Magaziner J.L., Thomas P.A. Teaching medical students the important connection between communication and clinical reasoning. J Gen Intern Med 2005, 20:1108-1113.
38. Kurtz S., Silverman J., Benson J., Draper J. Marrying content and process in clinical method teaching: enhancing the Calgary-Cambridge guides. Acad Med 2003, 78:802-809.
39. Adamo G. Simulated and standardized patients in OSCEs: achievements and challenges 1992-2003. Med Teacher 2003, 25:262-270.
40. Harden R., Gleeson F. Assessment of clinical competence using an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). Med Educ 1979, 13:41-54.
41. Biran L.A. Self-assessment and learning through GOSCE (Group Objective Structured Clinical Examination). Med Educ 1991, 25:475-479.
42. Elliot D.L., Fields S.A., Keenen T.L., Jaffe A.C., Toffler W.L. Use of a group objective structured clinical examination with first year medical students. Acad Med 1994, 69:990-992.
43. Kassirer J.P. Teaching clinical reasoning: case-based and coached. Acad Med 2010, 85:1118-1124.
44. Eva K.W. What every teacher needs to know about clinical reasoning. Med Educ 2005, 39:98-106.
45. Croskerry P., Nimmo G.R. Better clinical decision making and reducing diagnostic error. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2011, 41:155-162.
46. Croskerry P. A universal model of diagnostic reasoning. Acad Med 2009, 84:1022-1028.
47. Eva K.W., Regher G. Self-assessment in the health professions: a reformulation and research agenda. Acad Med 2005, 80:s46-s54.
48. Weng H. A multisource and repeated measure approach to assessing patient-physician relationship and patient satisfaction. Eval Health Prof 2009, 32:128-139.
49. Blanch-Hartigan D. Medical students' self-assessment of performance: results from three meta-analyses. Patient Educ Couns 2011, 84:3-9.
50. Boud D. Avoiding the traps: seeking good practice in the use of self-assessment in professional courses. Social Work Educ 1999, 18:121-132.
51. Hays R.B., Jolly B.C., Caldon L.J., McCrorie P., McAvoy P.A., McManus I.C., et al. Is insight important? Measuring capacity to change performance. Med Educ 2002, 36:965-971.
52. Ericsson K.A. Deliberate practice and the acquisition and maintenance of expert performance in medicine and related domains. Acad Med 2004, 79(10 Suppl):S70-S81.
53. Norcini J.J., McKinley D.W. Assessment methods in medical education. Teach Teacher Educ 2007, 23:239-250.
54. Pintrich P.R., DeGroot E.V. Motivational and self-regulated learning components of classroom academic performance. J Educ Psychol 1990, 82:33-40.
55. Back A.L., Arnold R.M., Baile W.F., Tulsky J.A., Fryer-Edwards K. Approaching difficult communication tasks in oncology. Cancer J Clin 2005, 55:164-177.
56. Hill L.G., Betz D.L. Revisiting the retrospective pretest. Am J Eval 2006, 26:501-517.
57. Brown R., Bylund C.L., Eddington J., Gueguen J.A., Kissane D.W. Discussing prognosis in an oncology setting: initial evaluation for a communication skills training module. Psycho-Oncology 2012, 19:408-414.
58. Tiuraniemi J., Läärä R., Kyrö T., Lindeman S. Medical and psychology students' self-assessed communication skills: a pilot study. Patient Educ Couns 2011, 83:152-157.
59. Epstein R.M. Assessment in medical education. N Engl J Med 2007, 356:387-396.
60. Ten Cate O., Durning S. Peer teaching in medical education: twelve reasons to move from theory to practice. Med Teacher 2007, 29:591-599.
61. Sentinel event statistics data: root causes by even type. Available from: [24.03.14]. http://www.jointcommission.org/Sentinel_Event_Statistics/.
62. CLER pathways to excellence: a frame-work for an optimal clinical learning environment to achieve safe and high quality patient care. 2014; Available from: . http://www.acgme.org/CLER.
63. Nasca T.J., Weiss K.B., Bagian J.P. Improving clinical learning environments for tomorrow's physicians. N Engl J Med 2014, 370:991-993.
64. Starmer A.J., Spector N.D., Srivastava R., Allen A.D., Landrigan C.P., Sectish T.C., et al. I-pass: a mnemonic to standardize verbal handoffs. Pediatrics 2012, 129:201-204.