-
1
-
-
0034702175
-
Randomized, controlled trials, observational studies, and the hierarchy of research designs
-
Concato J, Shah N, Horwitz RI. Randomized, controlled trials, observational studies, and the hierarchy of research designs. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1887-92.
-
(2000)
N Engl J Med
, vol.342
, pp. 1887-1892
-
-
Concato, J.1
Shah, N.2
Horwitz, R.I.3
-
2
-
-
0020960084
-
The need for randomization in the study of intended drug effects
-
Miettinen OS. The need for randomization in the study of intended drug effects. Stat Med 1983; 2: 267-71.
-
(1983)
Stat Med
, vol.2
, pp. 267-271
-
-
Miettinen, O.S.1
-
3
-
-
0021745696
-
Why do we need some large, simple randomized trials?
-
Yusuf A, Collins R, Peto R. Why do we need some large, simple randomized trials? Stat Med 1984; 3: 409-20.
-
(1984)
Stat Med
, vol.3
, pp. 409-420
-
-
Yusuf, A.1
Collins, R.2
Peto, R.3
-
4
-
-
23944460333
-
Combined postmenopausal hormone therapy and cardiovascular disease: toward resolving the discrepancy between observational studies and the women's health initiative clinical trial
-
Prentice RL, Langer R, Stefanick ML et al. Combined postmenopausal hormone therapy and cardiovascular disease: toward resolving the discrepancy between observational studies and the women's health initiative clinical trial. Am J Epidemiol 2005; 162: 404-14.
-
(2005)
Am J Epidemiol
, vol.162
, pp. 404-414
-
-
Prentice, R.L.1
Langer, R.2
Stefanick, M.L.3
-
5
-
-
0030187757
-
Confounding by indication
-
Walker AM. Confounding by indication. Epidemiology 1996; 7: 335-6.
-
(1996)
Epidemiology
, vol.7
, pp. 335-336
-
-
Walker, A.M.1
-
6
-
-
77951622706
-
The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects
-
Rosenbaum PR, Rubin DB. The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika 1983; 70: 41-55.
-
(1983)
Biometrika
, vol.70
, pp. 41-55
-
-
Rosenbaum, P.R.1
Rubin, D.B.2
-
7
-
-
33645226210
-
A review of the application of propensity score methods yielded increasing use, advantages in specific settings, but not substantially different estimates compared with conventional multivariable methods
-
Stürmer T, Joshi M, Glynn RJ, Avorn J, Rothman KJ, Schneeweiss S. A review of the application of propensity score methods yielded increasing use, advantages in specific settings, but not substantially different estimates compared with conventional multivariable methods. J Clin Epidemiol 2006; 59: 437-47.
-
(2006)
J Clin Epidemiol
, vol.59
, pp. 437-447
-
-
Stürmer, T.1
Joshi, M.2
Glynn, R.J.3
Avorn, J.4
Rothman, K.J.5
Schneeweiss, S.6
-
8
-
-
17744378170
-
Analytic strategies to adjust confounding using exposure propensity scores and disease risk scores: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) and short-term mortality in the elderly
-
Stürmer T, Schneeweiss S, Brookhart MA, Rothman KJ, Avorn J, Glynn RJ. Analytic strategies to adjust confounding using exposure propensity scores and disease risk scores: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) and short-term mortality in the elderly. Am J Epidemiol 2005; 161: 891-8.
-
(2005)
Am J Epidemiol
, vol.161
, pp. 891-898
-
-
Stürmer, T.1
Schneeweiss, S.2
Brookhart, M.A.3
Rothman, K.J.4
Avorn, J.5
Glynn, R.J.6
-
9
-
-
33846253571
-
The design versus the analysis of observational studies for causal effects: parallels with the design of randomized trials
-
Rubin DB. The design versus the analysis of observational studies for causal effects: parallels with the design of randomized trials. Stat Med 2007; 26: 20-36.
-
(2007)
Stat Med
, vol.26
, pp. 20-36
-
-
Rubin, D.B.1
-
10
-
-
0142157169
-
Evaluating medication effects outside of clinical trials: new-user designs
-
Ray WA. Evaluating medication effects outside of clinical trials: new-user designs. Am J Epidemiol 2003; 158: 915-20.
-
(2003)
Am J Epidemiol
, vol.158
, pp. 915-920
-
-
Ray, W.A.1
-
11
-
-
33645210305
-
Indications for propensity scores and review of their use in pharmacoepidemiology
-
Glynn RJ, Schneeweiss S, Stürmer T. Indications for propensity scores and review of their use in pharmacoepidemiology. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2006; 98: 253-9.
-
(2006)
Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol
, vol.98
, pp. 253-259
-
-
Glynn, R.J.1
Schneeweiss, S.2
Stürmer, T.3
-
12
-
-
77949385807
-
Effects of socioeconomic and racial residential segregation on preterm birth: a cautionary tale of structural confounding
-
Messer LC, Oakes JM, Mason S. Effects of socioeconomic and racial residential segregation on preterm birth: a cautionary tale of structural confounding. Am J Epidemiol 2010; 171: 664-73.
-
(2010)
Am J Epidemiol
, vol.171
, pp. 664-673
-
-
Messer, L.C.1
Oakes, J.M.2
Mason, S.3
-
13
-
-
77949377342
-
Invited commentary: positivity in practice [Commentary]
-
Westreich D, Cole SR. Invited commentary: positivity in practice [Commentary]. Am J Epidemiol 2010; 171: 674-7.
-
(2010)
Am J Epidemiol
, vol.171
, pp. 674-677
-
-
Westreich, D.1
Cole, S.R.2
-
14
-
-
77957301897
-
Treatment effects in the presence of unmeasured confounding: dealing with observations in the tails of the propensity score distribution - a simulation study
-
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq198
-
Stürmer T, Rothman KJ, Avorn J, Glynn RJ. Treatment effects in the presence of unmeasured confounding: dealing with observations in the tails of the propensity score distribution - a simulation study. Am J Epidemiol 2010;. doi:10.1093/aje/kwq198
-
(2010)
Am J Epidemiol
-
-
Stürmer, T.1
Rothman, K.J.2
Avorn, J.3
Glynn, R.J.4
-
15
-
-
61449524241
-
Observational studies analyzed like randomized experiments: an application to postmenopausal hormone therapy and coronary heart disease
-
Hernán MA, Alonso A, Logan R et al. Observational studies analyzed like randomized experiments: an application to postmenopausal hormone therapy and coronary heart disease. Epidemiology 2008; 19: 766-79.
-
(2008)
Epidemiology
, vol.19
, pp. 766-779
-
-
Hernán, M.A.1
Alonso, A.2
Logan, R.3
-
16
-
-
77953632279
-
Confounding control in healthcare database research: challenges and potential approaches
-
Brookhart MA, Stürmer T, Glynn RJ, Rassen J, Schneeweiss S. Confounding control in healthcare database research: challenges and potential approaches. Med Care 2010; 48(Suppl 1): S114-20.
-
(2010)
Med Care
, vol.48
, Issue.SUPPL 1
-
-
Brookhart, M.A.1
Stürmer, T.2
Glynn, R.J.3
Rassen, J.4
Schneeweiss, S.5
-
18
-
-
0032555023
-
The treatment of unrelated disorders in patients with chronic medical diseases
-
Redelmeier DA, Tan SH, Booth GL. The treatment of unrelated disorders in patients with chronic medical diseases. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 1516-20.
-
(1998)
N Engl J Med
, vol.338
, pp. 1516-1520
-
-
Redelmeier, D.A.1
Tan, S.H.2
Booth, G.L.3
-
19
-
-
0035211416
-
Paradoxical relations of drug treatment with mortality in older persons
-
Glynn RJ, Knight EL, Levin R, Avorn J. Paradoxical relations of drug treatment with mortality in older persons. Epidemiology 2001; 12: 682-9.
-
(2001)
Epidemiology
, vol.12
, pp. 682-689
-
-
Glynn, R.J.1
Knight, E.L.2
Levin, R.3
Avorn, J.4
-
21
-
-
2542615200
-
Oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin as adjuvant treatment for colon cancer
-
André T, Boni C, Mounedji-Boudiaf L et al. Oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin as adjuvant treatment for colon cancer. N Engl J Med 2004; 350: 2343-51.
-
(2004)
N Engl J Med
, vol.350
, pp. 2343-2351
-
-
André, T.1
Boni, C.2
Mounedji-Boudiaf, L.3
-
22
-
-
84864027683
-
the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival of patients with stage III colon cancer diagnosed after age 75
-
Sanoff HK, Carpenter WR, Stürmer T et al. the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival of patients with stage III colon cancer diagnosed after age 75. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30: 2624-34.
-
(2012)
J Clin Oncol
, vol.30
, pp. 2624-2634
-
-
Sanoff, H.K.1
Carpenter, W.R.2
Stürmer, T.3
-
23
-
-
0024406369
-
Final report on the aspirin component of the ongoing physicians' health study
-
Steering Committee of the Physicians' Health Study Research Group
-
Steering Committee of the Physicians' Health Study Research Group. Final report on the aspirin component of the ongoing physicians' health study. N Engl J Med 1989; 321: 129-35.
-
(1989)
N Engl J Med
, vol.321
, pp. 129-135
-
-
-
24
-
-
15744378579
-
A randomized trial of low-dose aspirin in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women
-
Ridker PM, Cook NR, Lee IM et al. A randomized trial of low-dose aspirin in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women. N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 1293-304.
-
(2005)
N Engl J Med
, vol.352
, pp. 1293-1304
-
-
Ridker, P.M.1
Cook, N.R.2
Lee, I.M.3
-
26
-
-
0033847784
-
Marginal structural models and causal inference in epidemiology
-
Robins JM, Hernán MA, Brumback B. Marginal structural models and causal inference in epidemiology. Epidemiology 2000; 11: 550-60.
-
(2000)
Epidemiology
, vol.11
, pp. 550-560
-
-
Robins, J.M.1
Hernán, M.A.2
Brumback, B.3
-
27
-
-
0033839024
-
Marginal structural models to estimate the causal effect of zidovudine on the survival of HIV-positive men
-
Hernán MA, Brumback B, Robins JM. Marginal structural models to estimate the causal effect of zidovudine on the survival of HIV-positive men. Epidemiology 2000; 11: 561-70.
-
(2000)
Epidemiology
, vol.11
, pp. 561-570
-
-
Hernán, M.A.1
Brumback, B.2
Robins, J.M.3
-
28
-
-
33750470800
-
Insights into different results from different causal contrasts in the presence of effect-measure modification
-
Stürmer T, Rothman KJ, Glynn RJ. Insights into different results from different causal contrasts in the presence of effect-measure modification. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2006; 15: 698-709.
-
(2006)
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf
, vol.15
, pp. 698-709
-
-
Stürmer, T.1
Rothman, K.J.2
Glynn, R.J.3
-
29
-
-
46349084991
-
Evaluating uses of data mining techniques in propensity score estimation: a simulation study
-
Setoguchi S, Schneeweiss S, Brookhart M, Glynn R, Cook E. Evaluating uses of data mining techniques in propensity score estimation: a simulation study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2008; 17: 546-55.
-
(2008)
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf
, vol.17
, pp. 546-555
-
-
Setoguchi, S.1
Schneeweiss, S.2
Brookhart, M.3
Glynn, R.4
Cook, E.5
-
30
-
-
74749097452
-
Improving propensity score weighting using machine learning
-
Lee B, Lessler J, Stuart E. Improving propensity score weighting using machine learning. Stat Med 2010; 29: 337-46.
-
(2010)
Stat Med
, vol.29
, pp. 337-346
-
-
Lee, B.1
Lessler, J.2
Stuart, E.3
-
31
-
-
85007145108
-
Propensity scores from logistic regression yielded better covariate balance than those from a boosted model: a demonstration Using STAR*D Data
-
Ellis AR, Dusetzina SB, Hansen RA, Gaynes BN, Farley JF, Stürmer T. Propensity scores from logistic regression yielded better covariate balance than those from a boosted model: a demonstration Using STAR*D Data. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2011; 20: S129.
-
(2011)
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf
, vol.20
-
-
Ellis, A.R.1
Dusetzina, S.B.2
Hansen, R.A.3
Gaynes, B.N.4
Farley, J.F.5
Stürmer, T.6
-
32
-
-
84902090410
-
-
Covariate balancing propensity score. ; Working paper available at.
-
Imai K, Ratkovic M. Covariate balancing propensity score. 2012; Working paper available at http://imai.princeton.edu/research/CBPS.html.
-
(2012)
-
-
Imai, K.1
Ratkovic, M.2
-
33
-
-
63149083464
-
Different methods of balancing covariates leading to different effect estimates in the presence of effect modification
-
Lunt M, Solomon DH, Rothman KJ et al. Different methods of balancing covariates leading to different effect estimates in the presence of effect modification. Am J Epidemiol 2009; 169: 909-17.
-
(2009)
Am J Epidemiol
, vol.169
, pp. 909-917
-
-
Lunt, M.1
Solomon, D.H.2
Rothman, K.J.3
-
34
-
-
0035063108
-
Data, design, and background knowledge in etiologic inference
-
Robins JM. Data, design, and background knowledge in etiologic inference. Epidemiology 2001; 12: 313-20.
-
(2001)
Epidemiology
, vol.12
, pp. 313-320
-
-
Robins, J.M.1
-
35
-
-
79951981015
-
The role of the c-statistic in variable selection for propensity score models
-
Westreich D, Cole SR, Jonsson Funk M, Brookhart MA, Stürmer T. The role of the c-statistic in variable selection for propensity score models. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2011; 20: 317-20.
-
(2011)
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf
, vol.20
, pp. 317-320
-
-
Westreich, D.1
Cole, S.R.2
Jonsson Funk, M.3
Brookhart, M.A.4
Stürmer, T.5
-
36
-
-
33645236260
-
Variable selection in propensity score models: some insights from a simulation study
-
Brookhart MA, Schneeweiss S, Rothman KJ, Glynn RJ, Avorn J, Stürmer T. Variable selection in propensity score models: some insights from a simulation study. Am J Epidemiol 2006; 163: 1149-56.
-
(2006)
Am J Epidemiol
, vol.163
, pp. 1149-1156
-
-
Brookhart, M.A.1
Schneeweiss, S.2
Rothman, K.J.3
Glynn, R.J.4
Avorn, J.5
Stürmer, T.6
-
37
-
-
80053281276
-
Effects of adjusting for instrumental variables on bias and precision of effect estimates
-
Myers JA, Rassen JA, Gagne JJ et al. Effects of adjusting for instrumental variables on bias and precision of effect estimates. Am J Epidemiol 2011; 174: 1213-22.
-
(2011)
Am J Epidemiol
, vol.174
, pp. 1213-1222
-
-
Myers, J.A.1
Rassen, J.A.2
Gagne, J.J.3
-
38
-
-
79959558713
-
The implications of propensity score variable selection strategies in pharmacoepidemiology - an empirical illustration
-
Patrick AR, Schneeweiss S, Brookhart MA et al. The implications of propensity score variable selection strategies in pharmacoepidemiology - an empirical illustration. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2011; 20: 551-9.
-
(2011)
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf
, vol.20
, pp. 551-559
-
-
Patrick, A.R.1
Schneeweiss, S.2
Brookhart, M.A.3
-
39
-
-
67651042983
-
High-dimensional propensity score adjustment in studies of treatment effects using health care claims data
-
Schneeweiss S, Rassen JA, Glynn RJ, Avorn J, Mogun H, Brookhart MA. High-dimensional propensity score adjustment in studies of treatment effects using health care claims data. Epidemiology 2009; 20: 512-22.
-
(2009)
Epidemiology
, vol.20
, pp. 512-522
-
-
Schneeweiss, S.1
Rassen, J.A.2
Glynn, R.J.3
Avorn, J.4
Mogun, H.5
Brookhart, M.A.6
-
40
-
-
79958845225
-
Covariate selection in high-dimensional propensity score analyses of treatment effects in small samples
-
Rassen JA, Glynn RJ, Brookhart MA, Schneeweiss S. Covariate selection in high-dimensional propensity score analyses of treatment effects in small samples. Am J Epidemiol 2011; 173: 1404-13.
-
(2011)
Am J Epidemiol
, vol.173
, pp. 1404-1413
-
-
Rassen, J.A.1
Glynn, R.J.2
Brookhart, M.A.3
Schneeweiss, S.4
-
41
-
-
79960704238
-
Confounding adjustment via a semi-automated high-dimensional propensity score algorithm: an application to electronic medical records
-
Toh S, García Rodríguez LA, Hernán MA. Confounding adjustment via a semi-automated high-dimensional propensity score algorithm: an application to electronic medical records. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2011; 20: 849-57.
-
(2011)
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf
, vol.20
, pp. 849-857
-
-
Toh, S.1
García Rodríguez, L.A.2
Hernán, M.A.3
-
42
-
-
84959801619
-
Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease
-
Mantel N, Haenszel W. Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease. J Natl Cancer Inst 1959; 22: 719-48.
-
(1959)
J Natl Cancer Inst
, vol.22
, pp. 719-748
-
-
Mantel, N.1
Haenszel, W.2
-
43
-
-
84902080158
-
Matching in cohort studies: return of a long lost family member
-
Symposium. 42nd annual meeting of the Society for Epidemiologic Research, Anaheim, 2009
-
Stürmer T, Poole C. Matching in cohort studies: return of a long lost family member. Am J Epidemiol 2009;169(Suppl):S128. Symposium. 42nd annual meeting of the Society for Epidemiologic Research, Anaheim, 2009
-
(2009)
Am J Epidemiol
, vol.169
, Issue.SUPPL
-
-
Stürmer, T.1
Poole, C.2
-
44
-
-
59549103769
-
A method of matching groups for experiment with no loss of population
-
Peters CC. A method of matching groups for experiment with no loss of population. J Educ Research 1941; 34: 606-12.
-
(1941)
J Educ Research
, vol.34
, pp. 606-612
-
-
Peters, C.C.1
-
45
-
-
29144505547
-
Matching and prediction on the principle of biological classification
-
Belson WA. Matching and prediction on the principle of biological classification. J R Stat Soc Ser C Appl Stat 1959; 8: 65-75.
-
(1959)
J R Stat Soc Ser C Appl Stat
, vol.8
, pp. 65-75
-
-
Belson, W.A.1
-
46
-
-
84873429593
-
-
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf
-
Ellis AR, Dusetzina SB, Hansen RA, Gaynes BN, Farley JF, Stürmer T. Investigating differences in treatment effect estimates between propensity score matching and weighting: a demonstration using STAR*D trial data. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2013; 22: 138-44.
-
(2013)
Investigating differences in treatment effect estimates between propensity score matching and weighting: a demonstration using STAR*D trial data
, vol.22
, pp. 138-144
-
-
Ellis, A.R.1
Dusetzina, S.B.2
Hansen, R.A.3
Gaynes, B.N.4
Farley, J.F.5
Stürmer, T.6
-
47
-
-
60849116685
-
Some methods of propensity-score matching had superior performance to others: results of an empirical investigation and Monte Carlo simulations
-
Austin PC. Some methods of propensity-score matching had superior performance to others: results of an empirical investigation and Monte Carlo simulations. Biom J 2009; 51: 171-84.
-
(2009)
Biom J
, vol.51
, pp. 171-184
-
-
Austin, P.C.1
-
48
-
-
84902090411
-
-
Reducing bias in a propensity score matched-pair sample using greedy matching techniques, ).
-
Parsons LS. Reducing bias in a propensity score matched-pair sample using greedy matching techniques, 2001. (http://www2.sas.com/proceedings/sugi26/p214-26.pdf).
-
(2001)
-
-
Parsons, L.S.1
-
49
-
-
1542472967
-
Marginal structural models as a tool for standardization
-
Sato T, Matsuyama Y. Marginal structural models as a tool for standardization. Epidemiology 2003; 14: 680-6.
-
(2003)
Epidemiology
, vol.14
, pp. 680-686
-
-
Sato, T.1
Matsuyama, Y.2
-
50
-
-
31344433620
-
Results of multivariable logistic regression, propensity matching, propensity adjustment, and propensity-based weighting under conditions of nonuniform effect
-
Kurth T, Walker AM, Glynn RJ et al. Results of multivariable logistic regression, propensity matching, propensity adjustment, and propensity-based weighting under conditions of nonuniform effect. Am J Epidemiol 2006; 163: 262-70.
-
(2006)
Am J Epidemiol
, vol.163
, pp. 262-270
-
-
Kurth, T.1
Walker, A.M.2
Glynn, R.J.3
-
51
-
-
1642443338
-
A definition of causal effect for epidemiological research
-
Hernán MA. A definition of causal effect for epidemiological research. J Epidemiol Community Health 2004; 58: 265-71.
-
(2004)
J Epidemiol Community Health
, vol.58
, pp. 265-271
-
-
Hernán, M.A.1
-
52
-
-
51749124303
-
Constructing inverse probability weights for marginal structural models
-
Cole SR, Hernán MA. Constructing inverse probability weights for marginal structural models. Am J Epidemiol 2008; 168: 656-64.
-
(2008)
Am J Epidemiol
, vol.168
, pp. 656-664
-
-
Cole, S.R.1
Hernán, M.A.2
-
53
-
-
33645815277
-
Evidence of bias in estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness in seniors
-
Jackson LA, Jackson ML, Nelson JC, Neuzil KM, Weiss NS. Evidence of bias in estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness in seniors. Int J Epidemiol 2006; 35: 337-44.
-
(2006)
Int J Epidemiol
, vol.35
, pp. 337-344
-
-
Jackson, L.A.1
Jackson, M.L.2
Nelson, J.C.3
Neuzil, K.M.4
Weiss, N.S.5
|