메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 32, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 368-377

PPAR agonists stimulate adipogenesis at the expense of osteoblast differentiation while inhibiting osteoclast formation and activity

Author keywords

Fenofibrate; Metformin; Osteoblast; Osteoclast; Rosiglitazone; Troglitazone

Indexed keywords

FAT DROPLET; FENOFIBRATE; GLITAZONE DERIVATIVE; METFORMIN; ROSIGLITAZONE; TROGLITAZONE; 2,4 THIAZOLIDINEDIONE DERIVATIVE; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; CHROMAN DERIVATIVE; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR ALPHA; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR GAMMA;

EID: 84901788219     PISSN: 02636484     EISSN: 10990844     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3025     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (54)

References (52)
  • 1
    • 79959936188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2.7 million participants
    • Danaei G, Finucane MM, Lu Y, et al. National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2.7 million participants. Lancet 2002; 378: 31-40.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.378 , pp. 31-40
    • Danaei, G.1    Finucane, M.M.2    Lu, Y.3
  • 2
    • 84867909621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent UK trends in the unequal burden of coronary heart disease
    • Pearson-Stuttard J, Bajekal M, Scholes S, et al. Recent UK trends in the unequal burden of coronary heart disease. Heart 2012; 98: 1573-1582.
    • (2012) Heart , vol.98 , pp. 1573-1582
    • Pearson-Stuttard, J.1    Bajekal, M.2    Scholes, S.3
  • 3
    • 73749083481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030
    • Shaw JE, Sicree RA, Zimmet PZ. Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2010; 87: 4-14.
    • (2010) Diabetes Res Clin Pract , vol.87 , pp. 4-14
    • Shaw, J.E.1    Sicree, R.A.2    Zimmet, P.Z.3
  • 4
    • 79952444246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forecasting the future of cardiovascular disease in the United States: a policy statement from the American Heart Association
    • Heidenreich PA, Trogdon JG, Khavjou OA, et al. Forecasting the future of cardiovascular disease in the United States: a policy statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2011; 123: 933-944.
    • (2011) Circulation , vol.123 , pp. 933-944
    • Heidenreich, P.A.1    Trogdon, J.G.2    Khavjou, O.A.3
  • 5
    • 48649095960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosiglitazone-associated fractures in type 2 diabetes
    • Kahn SE, Zinman B, Lachin JM, et al. Rosiglitazone-associated fractures in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2008; 31: 845-851.
    • (2008) Diabetes Care , vol.31 , pp. 845-851
    • Kahn, S.E.1    Zinman, B.2    Lachin, J.M.3
  • 6
    • 42949088130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of thiazolidinediones and fracture risk
    • Meier C, Kraenzlin ME, Bodmer M, et al. Use of thiazolidinediones and fracture risk. Arch Intern Med 2008; 168: 820-825.
    • (2008) Arch Intern Med , vol.168 , pp. 820-825
    • Meier, C.1    Kraenzlin, M.E.2    Bodmer, M.3
  • 7
    • 68549125122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cohort study of thiazolidinediones and fractures in older adults with diabetes
    • Solomon DH, Cadarette SM, Choudhry NK, et al. A cohort study of thiazolidinediones and fractures in older adults with diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94: 2792-2798.
    • (2009) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.94 , pp. 2792-2798
    • Solomon, D.H.1    Cadarette, S.M.2    Choudhry, N.K.3
  • 8
    • 77958093616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone increase fracture risk in women and men with type 2 diabetes
    • Aubert RE, Herrera V, Chen W, et al. Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone increase fracture risk in women and men with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2010; 12: 716-721.
    • (2010) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.12 , pp. 716-721
    • Aubert, R.E.1    Herrera, V.2    Chen, W.3
  • 9
    • 80054911514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forming functional fat: a growing understanding of adipocyte differentiation
    • Cristancho AG, Lazar MA. Forming functional fat: a growing understanding of adipocyte differentiation. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2011; 12: 722-734.
    • (2011) Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol , vol.12 , pp. 722-734
    • Cristancho, A.G.1    Lazar, M.A.2
  • 10
    • 0033305213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: nuclear control of metabolism
    • Desvergne B, Wahli W. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: nuclear control of metabolism. Endocr Rev 1999; 20: 649-688.
    • (1999) Endocr Rev , vol.20 , pp. 649-688
    • Desvergne, B.1    Wahli, W.2
  • 11
    • 19244365650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiazolidinediones. N Engl J Med
    • Yki-Järvinen H. Thiazolidinediones. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1106-1118.
    • (2004) , vol.351 , pp. 1106-1118
    • Yki-Järvinen, H.1
  • 12
    • 77955984749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPARs in bone: the role in bone cell differentiation and regulation of energy metabolism
    • Lecka-Czernik B. PPARs in bone: the role in bone cell differentiation and regulation of energy metabolism. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2010; 8: 84-90.
    • (2010) Curr Osteoporos Rep , vol.8 , pp. 84-90
    • Lecka-Czernik, B.1
  • 13
    • 0034616069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activators modulate the osteoblastic maturation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts
    • Jackson SM, Demer LL. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activators modulate the osteoblastic maturation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. FEBS Lett 2000; 471: 119-124.
    • (2000) FEBS Lett , vol.471 , pp. 119-124
    • Jackson, S.M.1    Demer, L.L.2
  • 14
    • 33751503186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPAR agonists modulate human osteoclast formation and activity in vitro
    • Chan BY, Gartland A, Wilson PJM, et al. PPAR agonists modulate human osteoclast formation and activity in vitro. Bone 2007; 40: 149-159.
    • (2007) Bone , vol.40 , pp. 149-159
    • Chan, B.Y.1    Gartland, A.2    Wilson, P.J.M.3
  • 15
    • 42749092987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcription factors controlling osteoblastogenesis
    • Marie PJ. Transcription factors controlling osteoblastogenesis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2008; 473: 98-105.
    • (2008) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.473 , pp. 98-105
    • Marie, P.J.1
  • 16
    • 0028641559 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of adipogenesis in fibroblasts by PPARγ2, a lipid-activated transcription factor
    • Tontonoz P, Hu E, Spiegelman BM. Stimulation of adipogenesis in fibroblasts by PPARγ2, a lipid-activated transcription factor. Cell 1994; 79: 1147-1156.
    • (1994) Cell , vol.79 , pp. 1147-1156
    • Tontonoz, P.1    Hu, E.2    Spiegelman, B.M.3
  • 17
    • 0033197899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of Osf2/Cbfa1 expression and terminal osteoblast differentiation by PPARγ2
    • Lecka-Czernik B, Gubrij I, Moerman EJ, et al. Inhibition of Osf2/Cbfa1 expression and terminal osteoblast differentiation by PPARγ2. J Cell Biochem 1999; 74: 357-371.
    • (1999) J Cell Biochem , vol.74 , pp. 357-371
    • Lecka-Czernik, B.1    Gubrij, I.2    Moerman, E.J.3
  • 18
    • 0036255529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mode of action of thiazolidinediones
    • Hauner H. The mode of action of thiazolidinediones. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2002; 18: S10-S15.
    • (2002) Diabetes Metab Res Rev , vol.18
    • Hauner, H.1
  • 19
    • 0036090467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divergent effects of selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 ligands on adipocyte versus osteoblast differentiation
    • Lecka-Czernik B, Moerman EJ, Grant DF, et al. Divergent effects of selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 ligands on adipocyte versus osteoblast differentiation. Endocrinology 2002; 143: 2376-2384.
    • (2002) Endocrinology , vol.143 , pp. 2376-2384
    • Lecka-Czernik, B.1    Moerman, E.J.2    Grant, D.F.3
  • 20
    • 14244250617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosiglitazone causes bone loss in mice by suppressing osteoblast differentiation and bone formation
    • Ali AA, Weinstein RS, Stewart SA, et al. Rosiglitazone causes bone loss in mice by suppressing osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Endocrinology 2005; 146: 1226-1235.
    • (2005) Endocrinology , vol.146 , pp. 1226-1235
    • Ali, A.A.1    Weinstein, R.S.2    Stewart, S.A.3
  • 21
    • 0347719481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone is a target for the antidiabetic compound rosiglitazone
    • Rzonca SO, Suva LJ, Gaddy D, et al. Bone is a target for the antidiabetic compound rosiglitazone. Endocrinology 2004; 145: 401-406.
    • (2004) Endocrinology , vol.145 , pp. 401-406
    • Rzonca, S.O.1    Suva, L.J.2    Gaddy, D.3
  • 22
    • 36849034568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPAR-γ regulates osteoclastogenesis in mice
    • Wan Y, Chong LW, Evans RM. PPAR-γ regulates osteoclastogenesis in mice. Nat Med 2007; 13: 1496-1503.
    • (2007) Nat Med , vol.13 , pp. 1496-1503
    • Wan, Y.1    Chong, L.W.2    Evans, R.M.3
  • 23
    • 0033303538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiazolidinediones inhibit osteoclast-like cell formation and bone resorption in vitro
    • Okazaki R, Toriumi M, Fukumoto S, et al. Thiazolidinediones inhibit osteoclast-like cell formation and bone resorption in vitro. Endocrinology 1999; 140: 5060-5065.
    • (1999) Endocrinology , vol.140 , pp. 5060-5065
    • Okazaki, R.1    Toriumi, M.2    Fukumoto, S.3
  • 24
    • 57749185888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel PPARγ agonist, KR62776, suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and activity by inhibiting MAP kinase pathways
    • Park JY, Bae MA, Cheon HG, et al. A novel PPARγ agonist, KR62776, suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and activity by inhibiting MAP kinase pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 378: 645-649.
    • (2009) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.378 , pp. 645-649
    • Park, J.Y.1    Bae, M.A.2    Cheon, H.G.3
  • 25
    • 77952415147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiazolidinediones inhibit TNF-α-mediated osteoclast differentiation of RAW264.7 macrophages and mouse bone marrow cells through downregulation of NFATC1
    • Yang CR, Lai CC. Thiazolidinediones inhibit TNF-α-mediated osteoclast differentiation of RAW264.7 macrophages and mouse bone marrow cells through downregulation of NFATC1. Shock 2010: 33: 662-667.
    • (2010) Shock , vol.33 , pp. 662-667
    • Yang, C.R.1    Lai, C.C.2
  • 26
    • 77951457202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fibrates, glitazones, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
    • Lalloyer F, Staels B. Fibrates, glitazones, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30: 894-899.
    • (2010) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.30 , pp. 894-899
    • Lalloyer, F.1    Staels, B.2
  • 27
    • 0032506273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of action of fibrates on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism
    • Staels B, Dallongeville J, Auwerx J, et al. Mechanism of action of fibrates on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Circulation 1998; 98: 2088-2093.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 2088-2093
    • Staels, B.1    Dallongeville, J.2    Auwerx, J.3
  • 28
    • 77952708442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of fibrates on cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Jun M, Foote C, Lv J, et al. Effects of fibrates on cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2010; 375: 1875-1884.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 1875-1884
    • Jun, M.1    Foote, C.2    Lv, J.3
  • 29
    • 65549111189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different skeletal effects of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)alpha agonist fenofibrate and the PPARgamma agonist pioglitazone
    • Syversen U, Stunes A, Gustafsson B, et al. Different skeletal effects of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)alpha agonist fenofibrate and the PPARgamma agonist pioglitazone. BMC Endocr Disord 2009; 9: 10.
    • (2009) BMC Endocr Disord , vol.9 , pp. 10
    • Syversen, U.1    Stunes, A.2    Gustafsson, B.3
  • 30
    • 0034725352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and the risk of fractures
    • Meier CR, Schlienger RG, Kraenzlin ME, et al. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and the risk of fractures. JAMA 2000; 283: 3205-3210.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , pp. 3205-3210
    • Meier, C.R.1    Schlienger, R.G.2    Kraenzlin, M.E.3
  • 31
    • 54349107126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The peroxisome proliferator activator receptor alpha/delta agonists linoleic acid and bezafibrate upregulate osteoblast differentiation and induce periosteal bone formation in vivo
    • Still K, Grabowski P, Mackie I, et al. The peroxisome proliferator activator receptor alpha/delta agonists linoleic acid and bezafibrate upregulate osteoblast differentiation and induce periosteal bone formation in vivo. Calcif Tissue Int 2008; 83: 285-292.
    • (2008) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.83 , pp. 285-292
    • Still, K.1    Grabowski, P.2    Mackie, I.3
  • 32
    • 20444440328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of NF-κB signaling by fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α ligand, presents a therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis
    • Okamoto H, Iwamoto T, Kotake S, et al. Inhibition of NF-κB signaling by fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α ligand, presents a therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2005; 23: 323-330.
    • (2005) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.23 , pp. 323-330
    • Okamoto, H.1    Iwamoto, T.2    Kotake, S.3
  • 33
    • 0029133235 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic effects of metformin in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Stumvoll M, Nurjhan N, Perriello G, et al. Metabolic effects of metformin in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1995; 333: 550-554.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 550-554
    • Stumvoll, M.1    Nurjhan, N.2    Perriello, G.3
  • 34
    • 40749116561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metformin inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis through AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent regulation of the orphan nuclear receptor SHP
    • Kim YD, Park KG, Lee YS, et al. Metformin inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis through AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent regulation of the orphan nuclear receptor SHP. Diabetes 2008; 57: 306-314.
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , pp. 306-314
    • Kim, Y.D.1    Park, K.G.2    Lee, Y.S.3
  • 35
    • 0034773404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in mechanism of metformin action
    • Zhou G, Myers R, Li Y, et al. Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in mechanism of metformin action. J Clin Invest 2001; 108: 1167-1174.
    • (2001) J Clin Invest , vol.108 , pp. 1167-1174
    • Zhou, G.1    Myers, R.2    Li, Y.3
  • 36
    • 77953399734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of metformin on bone marrow progenitor cell differentiation: in vivo and in vitro studies
    • Molinuevo MS, Schurman L, McCarthy AD, et al. Effect of metformin on bone marrow progenitor cell differentiation: in vivo and in vitro studies. J Bone Miner Res 2010; 25: 211-221.
    • (2010) J Bone Miner Res , vol.25 , pp. 211-221
    • Molinuevo, M.S.1    Schurman, L.2    McCarthy, A.D.3
  • 37
    • 77955984299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation regulates in vitro bone formation and bone mass
    • Shah M, Kola B, Bataveljic A, et al. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation regulates in vitro bone formation and bone mass. Bone 2010; 47: 309-319.
    • (2010) Bone , vol.47 , pp. 309-319
    • Shah, M.1    Kola, B.2    Bataveljic, A.3
  • 38
    • 77649196398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of metformin on alveolar bone in ligature-induced periodontitis in rats: a pilot study
    • Bak EJ, Park HG, Kim M, et al. The effect of metformin on alveolar bone in ligature-induced periodontitis in rats: a pilot study. J Periodontol 2009; 81: 412-419.
    • (2009) J Periodontol , vol.81 , pp. 412-419
    • Bak, E.J.1    Park, H.G.2    Kim, M.3
  • 39
    • 77957755966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMP kinase acts as a negative regulator of RANKL in the differentiation of osteoclasts
    • Lee YS, Kim YS, Lee SY, et al. AMP kinase acts as a negative regulator of RANKL in the differentiation of osteoclasts. Bone 2010; 47: 926-937.
    • (2010) Bone , vol.47 , pp. 926-937
    • Lee, Y.S.1    Kim, Y.S.2    Lee, S.Y.3
  • 40
    • 80053571599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metformin prevents anti-osteogenic in vivo and ex vivo effects of rosiglitazone in rats
    • Sedlinsky C, Molinuevo MS, Cortizo AM, et al. Metformin prevents anti-osteogenic in vivo and ex vivo effects of rosiglitazone in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 668: 477-485.
    • (2011) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.668 , pp. 477-485
    • Sedlinsky, C.1    Molinuevo, M.S.2    Cortizo, A.M.3
  • 41
    • 75149119236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of rosiglitazone, metformin, and glyburide on bone biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Zinman B, Haffner SM, Herman WH, et al. Effect of rosiglitazone, metformin, and glyburide on bone biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95: 134-142.
    • (2010) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.95 , pp. 134-142
    • Zinman, B.1    Haffner, S.M.2    Herman, W.H.3
  • 42
    • 84885426684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The anti-diabetic drug metformin does not affect bone mass in vivo or fracture healing
    • Jeyabalan J, Viollet B, Smitham P, et al. The anti-diabetic drug metformin does not affect bone mass in vivo or fracture healing. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24: 2659-2670.
    • (2013) Osteoporos Int , vol.24 , pp. 2659-2670
    • Jeyabalan, J.1    Viollet, B.2    Smitham, P.3
  • 43
    • 84864806248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothermia inhibits osteoblast differentiation and bone formation but stimulates osteoclastogenesis
    • Patel JJ, Utting JC, Key ML, et al. Hypothermia inhibits osteoblast differentiation and bone formation but stimulates osteoclastogenesis. Exp Cell Res 2012; 318: 2237-2244.
    • (2012) Exp Cell Res , vol.318 , pp. 2237-2244
    • Patel, J.J.1    Utting, J.C.2    Key, M.L.3
  • 45
    • 65549133193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia stimulates vesicular ATP release from rat osteoblasts
    • Orriss IR, Knight GE, Utting JC, et al. Hypoxia stimulates vesicular ATP release from rat osteoblasts. J Cell Physiol 2009; 220: 155-162.
    • (2009) J Cell Physiol , vol.220 , pp. 155-162
    • Orriss, I.R.1    Knight, G.E.2    Utting, J.C.3
  • 47
    • 0029847076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activation by thiazolidinediones induces adipogenesis in bone marrow stromal cells
    • Gimble JM, Robinson CE, Wu X, et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activation by thiazolidinediones induces adipogenesis in bone marrow stromal cells. Mol Pharmacol 1996; 50: 1087-1094.
    • (1996) Mol Pharmacol , vol.50 , pp. 1087-1094
    • Gimble, J.M.1    Robinson, C.E.2    Wu, X.3
  • 48
    • 0033998334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The PPARs: from orphan receptors to drug discovery
    • Willson TM, Brown PJ, Sternbach DD, et al. The PPARs: from orphan receptors to drug discovery. J Med Chem 2000; 43: 527-550.
    • (2000) J Med Chem , vol.43 , pp. 527-550
    • Willson, T.M.1    Brown, P.J.2    Sternbach, D.D.3
  • 49
    • 79957507671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha agonist fenofibrate maintains bone mass, while the PPAR gamma agonist pioglitazone exaggerates bone loss, in ovariectomized rats
    • Stunes A, Westbroek I, Gustafsson B, et al. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha agonist fenofibrate maintains bone mass, while the PPAR gamma agonist pioglitazone exaggerates bone loss, in ovariectomized rats. BMC Endocr Disord 2011; 11: 11.
    • (2011) BMC Endocr Disord , vol.11 , pp. 11
    • Stunes, A.1    Westbroek, I.2    Gustafsson, B.3
  • 50
    • 79955654065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosiglitazone decreases bone mass and bone marrow fat
    • Harsløf T, Wamberg L, Møller L, et al. Rosiglitazone decreases bone mass and bone marrow fat. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96: 1541-1548.
    • (2011) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.96 , pp. 1541-1548
    • Harsløf, T.1    Wamberg, L.2    Møller, L.3
  • 51
    • 44949208283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes and fragility fractures-a burgeoning epidemic?
    • Epstein S, LeRoith D. Diabetes and fragility fractures-a burgeoning epidemic? Bone 2008; 43: 3-6.
    • (2008) Bone , vol.43 , pp. 3-6
    • Epstein, S.1    LeRoith, D.2
  • 52
    • 79955480795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High serum total cholesterol is a long-term cause of osteoporotic fracture
    • Trimpou P, Odén A, Simonsson T, et al. High serum total cholesterol is a long-term cause of osteoporotic fracture. Osteoporos Int 2011; 22: 1615-1620.
    • (2011) Osteoporos Int , vol.22 , pp. 1615-1620
    • Trimpou, P.1    Odén, A.2    Simonsson, T.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.