Potential of M. oleifera for the treatment of water and wastewater

Chemical Reviews

Volumn 114, Issue 9, 2014, Pages 4993-5010

  Kansal, Sushil Kumar ^a   Kumari, Amit ^a  

^a PANJAB UNIVERSITY   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

SEWAGE; WASTE WATER;

CHEMISTRY; ECONOMICS; MORINGA OLEIFERA; PLANT SEED; PROCEDURES; SEWAGE; WASTE WATER; WATER MANAGEMENT;

MORINGA OLEIFERA; SEEDS; SEWAGE; WASTE DISPOSAL, FLUID; WASTE WATER; WATER PURIFICATION;

EID: 84900431025     PISSN: 00092665     EISSN: 15206890     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/cr400093w     Document Type: Review

References (203)

1. UN-Water. World Water Day Brochure, 2009; http://www.cbd.int/waters/ publications/other/wwd-2009-brochure-en.pdf (accessed January 30, 2013).
2. United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (UN WWAP). The World Water Development Report 1: Water for People, Water for Life; UNESCO: Paris, France, 2003.
3. Montgomery, M.; Elimelech, M. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41, 17.
4. Pritchard, M.; Mkandawire, T.; Edmondson, A.; O'Neill, J. G.; Kululanga, G. Phys. Chem. Earth, Parts A/B/C 2009, 34, 799.
5. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Improving Water Management: Recent OECD Experience, 2006; http://www.oecd.org/sti/ biotechnologypolicies/36216565.pdf (accessed January 30, 2013).
6. World Health Organization. World Health Report: Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life, France, 2002; http://www.who.int/whr/2002/ en/whr02-en.pdf (accessed January 30, 2013).
7. United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (UN WWAP). The World Water Development Report 3: Water in a Changing World; UNESCO: Paris, France, 2009; http://webworld.unesco.org/ water/wwap/wwdr/wwdr3/pdf/WWDR3-Water-in-a- Changing-World.pdf (accessed January 30, 2013).
8. Abaliwano, J. K.; Ghebremichael, K. A.; Amy, G. L. Application of Purified Moringa Oleifera Coagulant for Surface Water Treatment; WaterMill Working Paper Series no. 5; UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education: Delft, Netherlands, 2008.
9. Baker, M. N. The Quest for Pure Water: The History of Water Purification from the Earliest Records to the Twentieth Century; American Water Works Association: New York, 1948.
10. Ndabigengesere, A.; Narasiah, K. S. Water Res. 1998, 32, 781.
11. Jahn, S. A. A. Sudanese Native Methods for the Purification of Nile Water During the Flood Season. In Biological Control of Water Pollution; Tourbier, J. T., Pierson, R. W., Eds.; University of Pennsylvania Press: Philadelphia, PA, 1976; pp 95-106.
12. Jahn, S. A. A.; Dirar, H. Water SA 1979, 5, 90.
13. Jahn, S. A. A. Traditional Water Purification in Tropical Developing Countries: Existing Methods and Potential Application; German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ): Eschborn, 1981.
14. Jahn, S. A. A. Proper Use of African Natural Coagulants for Rural Water Supplies: Research in the Sudan and a Guide for New Projects; Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit: Eschborn, Germany, 1986.
15. Jahn, S. A. A. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 1988, 80, 43.
16. Mandloi, M.; Chaudhari, S.; Folkard, G. K. Environ. Technol. 2004, 25, 481.
17. Gunaratna, K. R.; Garcia, B.; Andersson, S.; Dalhammar, G. Water Sci. Technol.: Water Supply 2007, 7, 19.
18. Asrafuzzaman, Md.; Fakhruddin, A. N. M.; Hossain, Md. A. ISRN Microbiol. 2011, 2011, 1.
19. Yongabi, K. A.; Lewis, D. M.; Harris, P. L. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 2011, 5, 628.
20. Mangale, S. M.; Chonde, S. G.; Jadhav, A. S.; Raut, P. D. J. Nat. Prod. Plant Resour. 2012, 2, 89.
21. Schultz, C. R.; Okun, D. A. Surface Water Treatment for Communities in Developing Countries; John Wiley and Sons: New York, 1984; p 229.
22. Kirchmer, C. J.; Arboleda, J. V.; Castro, M. L. Polimeros Naturales y su Applicacion Como Ayudantes de Floculacion; Serie Documentos Tecnicos 2; CEPIS: Lima, Peru, 1975.
23. Babu, R.; Chaudhuri, M. J. Water Health 2005, 3, 27.
24. Al-Samawi, A. A.; Shokrala, E. M. J. Environ. Sci. Health, Part A: Environ. Sci. Eng. 1996, 31, 1881.
25. Diaz, A.; Rincon, N.; Escorihuela, A.; Fernandez, N.; Chacin, E.; Forster, C. F. Process Biochem. (Oxford, U.K.) 1999, 35, 391.
26. Ozacar, M.; Sengil, I. A. Water Res. 2000, 34, 1407.
27. Jahn, S. A. A. J. Water Supply: Res. Technol.-AQUA 2001, 50, 15.
28. Raghuwanshi, P. K.; Mandloi, M.; Sharma, A. J.; Malviya, H. S.; Chaudhari, S. Water Qual. Res. J. Can. 2002, 37, 745.
29. Ghebremichael, K. A. Moringa Seed and Pumice as Alternative Natural Materials for Drinking Water Treatment. Ph.D Thesis, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, November, 2004.
30. Eilert, U.; Wolters, B.; Nahrstedt, A. Planta Med. 1981, 42, 55.
31. Madsen, M.; Schlundt, J.; Omer, E. F. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 1987, 90, 101.
32. Sutherland, J. P.; Folkard, G. K.; Mtawali, M. A.; Grant, W. D. Moringa oleifera as a natural coagulant. Proceedings of the 20th WEDC Conference, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 1994; pp 297-299.
33. Muyibi, S. A.; Evison, L. M. Water Res. 1995, 29, 1099.
34. Muyibi, S. A.; Okuofu, C. A. Int. J. Environ. Stud. 1995, 48, 263.
35. Ndabigengesere, A.; Narasiah, K. S.; Talbot, B. G. Water Res. 1995, 29, 703.
36. Muyibi, S. A.; Evison, L. M. Int. J. Environ. Stud. 1996, 49, 247.
37. Muyibi, S. A.; Okuofu, C. A. Int. J. Environ. Stud. 1996, 50, 247.
38. Muyibi, S. A. J. Inst. Eng. (Malaysia) 1998, 59, 37.
39. Folkard, G.; Sutherland, J. Water Sci. Technol.: Water Supply 2002, 2, 89.
40. Mohammed, A. H. B. Pilot plant studies using Moringa oleifera (Kacang Kelor) seeds as a primary coagulant in surface water treatment. Master of Science Thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia, 2001.
41. Broin, M.; Santaella, C.; Cuine, S.; Kokou, K.; Peltier, G.; Joe?t, T. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2002, 60, 114.
42. Suarez, M.; Entenza, J. M.; Doerries, C.; Meyer, E.; Bourquin, L.; Sutherland, J.; Marison, I.; Moreillon, P.; Mermod, N. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2003, 81, 13.
43. Arnoldsson, E.; Bergman, M.; Matsinhe, N.; Persson, K. M. Vatten 2008, 64, 137.
44. Beth, D. Moringa Water Treatment; Technical Note 52; ECHO: U.S., 2005; http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.echocommunity.org/ resource/collection/12164DCB- 6FCC-42E5-899A-DBA41B1A9B19/ TN-52-Moringa-Water-Treatment.pdf.
45. Jahn, S. A. A. Ambio 1991, 20, 244.
46. Somali, M. A.; Bajneid, M. A.; Al-Fhaimani, S. S. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc 1984, 61, 85.
47. Mughal, M. H.; Ali, G.; Srivastava, P. S.; Iqbal, M. Hamdard Medicus 1999, 42, 37.
48. Morton, J. F. Econ. Bot. 1991, 45, 318.
49. Maydell, H. J.; Brase, J. Trees and Shrubs of the Sahel: Their Characteristics and Uses; Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit: Eschborn, 1986; pp 334-337.
50. Qaiser, M. Flora of West Pakistan: Moringaceae, No. 38; University of Karachi and Stewart Herbarium: Karachi, 1973; pp 1-4.
51. Anwar, F.; Ashraf, M.; Bhanger, M. I. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 2005, 82, 45.
52. Rajangam, J.; Manavalan, R. S. A.; Thangaraj, T.; Vijayakumar, A.; Muthukrishan, N. Status of Production and Utilisation of Moringa in Southern India. Proceedings on Development Potential for Moringa Products; Dar es Salaam: Tanzania, 2001.
53. Anwar, F.; Latif, S.; Ashraf, M.; Gilani, A. H. Phytother. Res. 2007, 21, 17.
54. Mahmood, K. T.; Mugal, T.; Haq, I. U. J. Pharm. Sci. Res. 2010, 2, 775.
55. Meena, A. K.; Sachan, A.; Kaur, R.; Pal, B.; Singh, B. J. Pharm. Res. 2010, 3, 840.
56. Paliwal, R.; Sharma, V.; Pracheta. Asian J. Biotechnol. 2011, 3, 317.
57. Mehta, J.; Shukla, A.; Bukhariya, V.; Charde, R. Int. J. Biomed. Adv. Res. 2011, 2, 215.
58. Muyibi, S. A.; Noor, M. J. M. M.; Leong, T. K.; Loon, L. H. Int. J. Environ. Stud. 2002, 59, 243.
59. Fuglie, L J., Ed. The Miracle Tree: Moringa oleifera: Natural Nutrition for the Tropics; Church World Service: Dakar, 1999.
60. Barth, V. H.; Habs, M.; Klute, R.; Miiller, S.; Tauscher, B. Chem.-Ztg. 1982, 106, 75.
61. Olsen, A. Water Res. 1987, 21, 517.
62. Pritchard, M.; Mkandawire, T.; O'Neill, J. G. Groundwater Pollution in Shallow Wells in Southern Malawi and a Potential Indigenous Method of Water Purification. Appropriate Technologies for Environmental Protection in the Developing World; Springer: Dordrecht, 2009; pp169-179.
63. Preston, K.; Lantagne, D.; Kotlarz, N.; Jellison, K. J. Water Health 2010, 8, 60.
64. Pritchard, M.; Craven, T.; Mkandawir, T.; Edmondson, A. S.; O'Neill, J. G. Phys. Chem. Earth, Parts A/B/C 2010, 35, 791.
65. Beltrán-Heredia, J.; Sánchez-Martín, J.; Muñoz-Serrano, A.; Peres, J. A. Chem. Eng. J. (Amsterdam, Neth.) 2012, 188, 40.
66. Berger, M. R.; Habs, M.; Jahn, S. A. A.; Schmalhl, D. East Afr. Med. J. 1984, 61, 712.
67. Grabow, W. O. K.; Slabbert, J. L.; Morgan, W. S. G.; Jahn, S. A. A. Water SA 1985, 11, 9.
68. Bhuptawat, H.; Folkard, G. K.; Chaudhari, S. J. Hazard. Mater. 2007, 142, 477.
69. Sutherland, J. P.; Folkard, G. K.; Grant, W. D. Sci., Technol. Dev. 1989, 7, 191.
70. McConnachie, G. L.; Folkard, G. K.; Mtawali, M. A.; Sutherland, J. P. Water Res. 1999, 33, 1425.
71. Muyibi, S. A.; Alfugara, A. Int. J. Environ. Stud. 2003, 60, 617.
72. Muyibi, S. A.; Birima, A. H. M.; Mohammed, T. H.; Noor, M. J. M. M. IIUM Eng. J. 2004, 5, 25.
73. Ng, S. C.; Katayon, S.; Noor, M. J. M. M.; Abdullah, A. G. L. Int. J. Eng. Technol. 2006, 3, 191.
74. Paterniani, J. E. S.; Ribeiro, T. A. P.; Mantovani, M. C.; Santá nna, M. R. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 2010, 5, 1256.
75. Pritchard, M.; Craven, T.; Mkandawire, T.; Edmondson, A. S.; O'Neill, J. G. Phys. Chem. Earth, Parts A/B/C 2010, 35, 798.
76. Gassenschmidt, U.; Jany, K. D.; Tauscher, B.; Niebergall, H. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1995, 1243, 477.
77. Okuda, T.; Baes, A. U.; Nishijima, W.; Okada, M. Water Res. 2001, 35, 405.
78. Amagloh, F. K.; Benang, A. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 2009, 4, 119.
79. Narasiah, K. S.; Vogel, A.; Kramadhati, N. N. Water Sci. Technol.: Water Supply 2002, 2, 83.
80. Dong, Q.; Schlueter, S. D.; Brendel, V. Nucleic Acids Res. 2004, 32, D354.
81. Ghebremichael, K. A.; Gunaratna, K. R.; Henriksson, H.; Brumer, H.; Dalhammar, G. Water Res. 2005, 39, 2338.
82. Gassen, H. G.; Gassenschmidt, U.; Jany, K. D.; Tauscher, B.; Wolf, S. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 1990, 371, 768.
83. Gassenschmidt, U.; Jany, K. D.; Tauscher, B. Biol. Chem. Hoppe- Seyler 1991, 372, 659.
84. Yin, C. Y. Process Biochem. 2010, 45, 1437.
85. Suarez, M.; Haenni, M.; Canarelli, S.; Fisch, F.; Chodanowski, P.; Servis, C.; Michielin, O.; Freitag, R.; Moreillon, P.; Mermod, N. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2005, 49, 3847.
86. Okuda, T.; Baes, A. U.; Nishijima, W.; Okada, M. Water Res. 2001, 35, 830.
87. Fahmi, M. R.; Najib, N. W. A. Z.; Ping, P. C.; Hamidin, N. J. Appl. Sci. 2011, 11, 2947.
88. Pollard, S. J. T.; Thompson, F. E.; McConnachie, G. L. Water Res. 1995, 29, 337.
89. Schulz, C. R.; Okun, D. A. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 1983, 75, 212.
90. Okuda, T.; Baes, A. U.; Nishijima, W.; Okada, M. Water Res. 1999, 33, 3373.
91. Madrona, G. S.; Serpelloni, G. B.; Vieira, A. M. S.; Nishi, L.; Cardoso, K. C.; Bergamasco, R. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 2010, 211, 409.
92. Madrona, G. S.; Bergamasco, R.; Seolin, V. J.; Klen, M. R. F. Int. J. Chem. React. Eng. 2011, 9, A31.
93. Montakhab, A.; Ghazali, A. H.; Noor, M. J. M. M.; Mohamed, T. A.; Yusuf, B. J. Am. Sci. 2010, 6, 387.
94. Ghebremichael, K. A.; Gunaratna, K. R.; Dalhammar, G. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2006, 70, 526.
95. Ghebremichael, K. Water Sci. Technol.: Water Supply 2007, 7, 87.
96. Sánchez-Martín, J.; Ghebremichael, K.; Beltrán- Heredia, J. Bioresour. Technol. 2010, 101, 6259.
97. Hammer, M. J.; Hammer, M. J., Jr. Water and Wastewater Technology, 6th ed.; Princeton Hall: NJ, 2008.
98. Bratby, J. Coagulation and Flocculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment; IWA: London, 2006.
99. Edzwald, J. K. Water Sci. Technol. 1993, 27, 21.
100. Kang, M.; Kamei, T.; Magara, Y. Water Res. 2003, 37, 4171.
101. Morris, J. K.; Knocke, W. R. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 1984, 76, 74.
102. Haaroff, J.; Cleasby, J. L. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 1988, 80, 168.
103. Crapper, D. R.; Krishnan, S. S.; Dalton, A. J. Science 1973, 180, 511.
104. Miller, R. G.; Kopfler, F. C.; Kelty, K. C.; Strober, J. A.; Ulmer, N. S. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 1984, 76, 84.
105. Letterman, R. D.; Driscoll, C. T. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 1988, 80, 154.
106. American Water Works Association (AWWA). Water Quality and Treatment: A Handbook of Community Water Supplies, 4th ed.; McGraw-Hill: New York, 1990.
107. McLachlan, D. R. C. Environmetrics 1995, 6, 233.
108. Croom, J.; Taylor, I. L. J. Inorg. Biochem. 2001, 87, 51.
109. Biesinger, K. E.; Lemke, A. E.; Smith, W. E.; Tyo, R. M. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 1976, 48, 183.
110. Goppers, V.; Straub, C. P. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 1976, 76, 319.
111. Mallevialle, J.; Brichet, A.; Fiessinger, F. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 1984, 76, 87.
112. Biesinger, K. E.; Stokes, G. N. J.-Water Pollut. Control Fed. 1986, 58, 207.
113. Aizawa, T.; Magara, Y.; Musashi, M. Water Supply 1991, 9, 27.
114. Letterman, R. D.; Pero, R. W. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 1990, 82, 87.
115. Schultz, C. R.; Okun, D. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 1983, 75, 212.
116. Ndabigengesere, A. Etude du mécanisme et optimization de la coagulation-floculation de l'eau avec le Moringa Oleifera. Thése de Doctorat, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, 1995.
117. Dorea, C. C. Water Sci. Technol.: Water Supply 2006, 6, 219.
118. Cornwell, D. A. Water treatment plant residual management. In Water Quality and Treatment: A Handbook of Community Water Supplies, 5th ed.; Letterman, R. D., Ed.; McGraw-Hill: New York, 1999; pp 16.1-16.51.
119. Sutherland, J. P.; Folkard, G. K.; Grant, W. D. Waterlines 1990, 8, 30.
120. Ghebremichael, K. A.; Hultman, B. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 2004, 158, 153.
121. Gunaratna, K. R.; Garcia, B.; Andersson, S.; Dalhammar, G. Water Sci. Technol.: Water Supply 2007, 7, 19.
122. Driscoll, C. T.; Letterman, R. D. J. Environ. Eng. Div. (Am. Soc. Civ. Eng.) 1988, 114, 21.
123. Mesdaghinia, A.; Rafiee, M. T.; Vaezi, F.; Mahvi, A. H. Iran. J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng. 2005, 2, 189.
124. Yarahmadi, M.; Hossieni, M.; Bina, B.; Mahmoudian, M. H.; Naimabadie, A.; Shahsavani, A. World Appl. Sci. J. 2009, 7, 962.
125. Sarpong, G.; Richardson, C. P. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 2010, 5, 2939.
126. Ndabigengesere, A.; Narasiah, K. S. Environ. Technol. 1998, 19, 789.
127. Sánchez-Martín, J.; Beltrán-Heredia, J.; Peres, J. A. Braz. J. Chem. Eng. 2012, 29, 495.
128. Dalen, M. B.; Pam, J. S.; Izang, A.; Ekele, R. Sci. World J. 2009, 4, 6.
129. Chaudhuri, M.; Khairuldin, P. S. A. B. Nat., Environ. Pollut. Technol. 2009, 8, 137.
130. Beltrán-Heredia, J.; Sánchez-Martín, J.; Barrado-Moreno, M. Chem. Eng. J. (Amsterdam, Neth.) 2012, 180, 128.
131. Clesceri, L. S., Geenberg, A. E., Eaton, A. D., Eds. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th ed.; American Public Health Association: Washington, DC, 1989; pp 2-8.
132. Katayon, S.; Noor, M. J. M. M.; Asma, M.; Thamer, A. M.; Abdullah, A. G. L.; Idris, A.; Suleyman, A. M.; Aminuddin, M. B.; Khor, B. C. Int. J. Eng. Technol. 2004, 1, 146.
133. Sajidu, S. M.; Henry, E. M. T.; Kwamdera, G.; Mataka, L. WIT Trans. Ecol. Environ. 2005, 80, 251.
134. Farooq, A.; Sajid, L.; Muhammad, A.; Anwarul, H. G. Phytother. Res. 2007, 21, 17.
135. Muyibi, S. A.; Evison, L. M. Water Res. 1995, 29, 2689.
136. Nkurunziza, T.; Nduwayezu, J. B.; Banadda, E. N.; Nhapi, I. Water Sci. Technol. 2009, 59, 1551.
137. Ghebremichael, K.; Abaliwano, J.; Amy, G. J. Water Supply: Res. Technol.-AQUA 2009, 58, 267.
138. Poumaye, N.; Mabingui, J.; Lutgen, P.; Bigan, M. Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 2012, 90, 2346.
139. Sengupta, M. E.; Keraita, B.; Olsen, A.; Boateng, O. K.; Thamsborg, S. M.; Pálsdóttir, G. R.; Dalsgaard, A. Water Res. 2012, 46, 3646.
140. Abdulsalam, S.; Gital, A. A.; Misau, I. M.; Suleiman, M. S. J. Food, Agric. Environ. 2007, 5, 302.
141. Nwaiwu, N. E.; Lingmu, B. Ozean J. Appl. Sci. 2011, 4, 195.
142. Madrona, G. S.; Branco, I. G.; Seolin, V. J.; Filho, B. A. A.; Fagundes-Klen, M. R.; Bergamasco, R. Acta Sci., Technol. 2012, 34, 289.
143. Kumari, P.; Sharma, P.; Srivastava, S.; Srivastava, M. M. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2005, 32, 521.
144. Berman, E. Toxic Metals and Their Analysis; John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, 1980.
145. Barceloux, D. G. J. Toxicol., Clin. Toxicol. 1999, 37, 217.
146. Barceloux, D. G. J. Toxicol., Clin. Toxicol. 1999, 37, 239.
147. Meunier, N.; Drogui, P.; Montane, C.; Hausler, R.; Mercier, G.; Blais, J. F. J. Hazard. Mater. 2006, 137, 581.
148. Kurniawan, T. A.; Chan, G. Y. S.; Lo, W. H.; Babel, S. Chem. Eng. J. (Amsterdam, Neth.) 2006, 118, 83.
149. Abdulkarim, S. M.; Long, K.; Lai, O. M.; Muhammad, S. K. S.; Ghazali, H. M. Food Chem. 2005, 93, 253.
150. Kumari, P.; Sharma, P.; Srivastav, S.; Srivastav, M. M. Int. J. Miner. Process. 2006, 78, 131.
151. Sharma, P.; Kumari, P.; Srivastava, M. M.; Srivastava, S. Bioresour. Technol. 2007, 98, 474.
152. Sharma, P.; Goyal, P.; Srivastava, S. Chem. Speciation Bioavailability 2007, 19, 185.
153. Boucher, J.; Chabloz, C.; Lex, O.; Marison, I. W. J. Water Supply: Res. Technol.-AQUA 2008, 57, 489.
154. Kumar, R. R.; Kardam, A.; Arora, J. K.; Srivastava, M. M.; Srivastava, S. J. Water Resour. Prot. 2010, 2, 331.
155. Sajidu, S. M. I.; Henry, E. M. T.; Kwamdera, G.; Mataka, L. WIT Trans. Ecol. Environ. 2005, 80, 251.
156. Sajidu, S. M. I.; Henry, E. M. T.; Persson, I.; Masamba, W. R. L.; Kayambazinthu, D. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2006, 5, 2397.
157. Mataka, L. M.; Henry, E. M. T.; Masamba, W. R. L.; Sajidu, S. M. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 3, 131.
158. Sharma, P.; Kumari, P.; Srivastava, M. M.; Srivastava, S. Bioresour. Technol. 2006, 97, 299.
159. Bhatti, H. N.; Mumtaz, B.; Hanif, M. A.; Nadeem, R. Process Biochem. (Oxford, U. K.) 2007, 42, 547.
160. Sajidu, S. M. I.; Persson, I.; Masamba, W. R. L.; Henry, E. M. T. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2008, 7, 800.
161. Beltrán-Heredia, J.; Sánchez-Martín, J. Fresenius Environ. Bull. 2008, 17, 2134.
162. Jamal, P.; Muyibi, S. A.; Syarif, W. M. Med. J. Malays. 2008, 63, 105.
163. Kalibbala, H. M.; Wahlberg, O.; Hawumba, T. J. Water Sci. Technol.: Water Supply 2009, 9, 707.
164. Mataka, L. M.; Sajidu, S. M. I.; Masamba, W. R. L.; Mwatseteza, J. F. Int. J. Water Resour. Environ. Eng. 2010, 2, 50.
165. Araújo, C. S. T.; Melo, E. I.; Alves, V. N.; Coelho, N. M. M. J. Braz. Chem. Soc 2010, 21, 1727.
166. Araújo, C. S.; Alves, V. N.; Rezende, H. C.; Almeida, I. L.S.; Assunção, R. M. N.; Tarley, C. R. T.; Segatelli, M. G.; Coelho, N. M. M. Water Sci. Technol. 2010, 62, 2198.
167. Acheampong, M. A.; Pereira, J. P. C.; Meulepas, R. J. W.; Lens, P. N. L. Environ. Technol. 2012, 33, 409.
168. Vardhan, C. M. V.; Karthikeyan, J. Int. Water Technol. J. 2011, 1, 120.
169. Obuseng, V.; Nareetsile, F.; Kwaambwa, H. M. Anal. Chim. Acta 2012, 730, 87.
170. Marques, T. L.; Alves, V. N.; Coelho, L. M.; Coelho, N. M. M. Water Sci. Technol. 2012, 65, 1435.
171. Reife, A.; Freemann, H. S. Environmental Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments; Wiley: New York, 1996.
172. Beltrán-Heredia, J.; Sánchez-Martín, J. Color. Technol. 2008, 124, 310.
173. Beltrán-Heredia, J.; Sánchez-Martín, J.; Regalado, A. D. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 170, 43.
174. Beltrán-Heredia, J.; Sánchez-Martín, J.; Regalado, A. D. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2009, 48, 6512.
175. Beltrán-Heredia, J.; Sánchez-Martín, J.; Regalado, A. D. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 2009, 84, 1653.
176. Marandi, R.; Sepehr, S. M. B. Am. J. Environ. Eng. 2011, 1, 1.
177. Srivastava, A.; Mittal, D.; Sinha, I.; Chakravarty, I.; Raja, R. B. Ann. Biol. Res. 2011, 2, 227.
178. Kumar, R. R.; Kardam, A.; Arora, J. K.; Srivastava, S.; Srivastava, M. M. Clean Technol. Environ. Policy 2013, 15, 73.
179. Patel, H.; Vashi, R. T. J. Saudi Chem. Soc. 2012, 16, 131.
180. Beltrán-Heredia, J.; Sánchez-Martín, J. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 164, 713.
181. Sánchez-Martín, J.; Beltrán-Heredia, J. Water Pract. Technol. 2010, 5, 1.
182. Beltrán-Heredia, J.; Sánchez-Martín, J.; Barrado-Moreno, M. Chem. Eng. J. 2012, 180, 128.
183. Prasad, R. K. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 165, 804.
184. Vieira, A. M. S.; Vieira, M. F.; Silva, G. F.; Araújo, A. A.; Fagundes-Klen, M. R.; Veit, M. T.; Bergamasco, R. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 2010, 206, 273.
185. Menkiti, M. C.; Nwoye, C. I.; Onyechi, C. A.; Onukwuli, O. D. Adv. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2011, 1, 125.
186. Babatunde, A. A.; Ikechuwkwu, M.; Odeyemi, O. Int. J. Trop. Med. Public Health 2011, 1, 40.
187. Bhatia, S.; Othman, Z.; Ahmad, A. L. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 2006, 81, 1852.
188. Bhatia, S.; Othman, Z.; Ahmad, A. L. J. Hazard. Mater. 2007, 145, 120.
189. Othman, Z.; Bhatia, S.; Ahmad, A. L. Influence of the Setttleability Parameters For Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Pretreatment by Using Moringa Oleifera seeds as an Environmentall Friendly Coagulant. Proceedings of the International Conference on Environment (ICENV 2008); Malaysia, 2008.
190. Bhatia, S.; Othman, Z.; Ahmad, A. L. Chem. Eng. J. 2007, 133, 205.
191. Water Treatment Plant Sludges?An Update of the State of the Art: Part 1. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 1978, 70, 498-503.
192. Tchobanoglous, G.; Burton, F. L.; Stensel, H. D. Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse, 4th ed.; Metcalf & Eddy; McGraw- Hill: New York, 2003.
193. Kaggwa, R. C.; Mulalelo, C. I.; Denny, P.; Okurut, T. O. Water Res. 2001, 35, 795.
194. Novak, J. T.; Langford, M. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 1977, 69, 106.
195. Ademiluyi, J. O. Environ. Int. 1988, 14, 59.
196. Ademiluyi, J. O.; Eze, R. M. Environ. Manage. (N. Y.) 1990, 14, 125.
197. Tat, W. K.; Idris, A.; Noor, M. J. M. M.; Mohamed, T. A.; Ghazali, A. H.; Muyibi, S. A. Desalin. Water Treat. 2009, 10, 87.
198. Tat, W. K.; Idris, A.; Noor, M. J. M. M.; Mohamed, T. A.; Ghazali, A. H.; Muyibi, S. A. Desalin. Water Treat. 2010, 16, 402.
199. Katayon, S.; Ng, S. C.; Noor, M. J. M. M.; Ghani, L. A. A. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 2006, 11, 489.
200. Katayon, S.; Noor, M. J. M. M.; Asma, M.; Ghani, L. A. A.; Thamer, A. M.; Azni, I.; Ahmad, J.; Khor, B. C.; Suleyman, A. M. Bioresour. Technol. 2006, 97, 1455.
201. Golestanbagh, M.; Ahamad, I. S.; Idris, A.; Yunus, R. J. Water Health 2011, 9, 597.
202. Jahn, S. A. A. Entwicklungsprogramm Läendlicher Raum (ELR) 1989, 23, 22.
203. Water and Environmental Health at London and Loughborough (WELL). Water Clarification Using Moringa oleifera Seed Coagulant; UK, 1999; http://www.lboro.ac.uk/well/resources/ technical-briefs/60-water-clarification- using-moringa-oleifera-seeds.pdf (accessed January 30, 2013).