메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 40, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 113-126

The coagulopathy of trauma

Author keywords

Coagulopathy; Diagnosis; Guideline; Hemorrhage; Mechanisms; Predictors; Trauma; Treatment

Indexed keywords


EID: 84898544863     PISSN: 18639933     EISSN: 16153146     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00068-014-0389-4     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (20)

References (79)
  • 2
    • 0030983708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: Global Burden of Disease Study
    • Murray CJ, Lopez AD. Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet. 1997;349: 1269-76.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 1269-1276
    • Murray, C.J.1    Lopez, A.D.2
  • 4
    • 0021378321 scopus 로고
    • The causes of death in conventional land warfare: implications for combat casualty care research
    • Bellamy RF. The causes of death in conventional land warfare: implications for combat casualty care research. Mil Med. 1984;149(2): 55-62.
    • (1984) Mil Med , vol.149 , Issue.2 , pp. 55-62
    • Bellamy, R.F.1
  • 6
    • 0028832437 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of preventable trauma deaths and inappropriate trauma care in a rural state
    • Esposito TJ, Sanddal ND, Hansen JD, Reynolds S. Analysis of preventable trauma deaths and inappropriate trauma care in a rural state. J Trauma. 1995;39(5): 955-62.
    • (1995) J Trauma , vol.39 , Issue.5 , pp. 955-962
    • Esposito, T.J.1    Sanddal, N.D.2    Hansen, J.D.3    Reynolds, S.4
  • 9
    • 33847264379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early coagulopathy in multiple injury: an analysis from the German Trauma Registry on 8724 patients
    • AG Polytrauma of the German Trauma Society (DGU)
    • Maegele M, Lefering R, Yucel N, Tjardes T, Rixen D, Paffrath T, Simanski C, Neugebauer E, Bouillon B; AG Polytrauma of the German Trauma Society (DGU). Early coagulopathy in multiple injury: an analysis from the German Trauma Registry on 8724 patients. Injury. 2007;38: 298-304.
    • (2007) Injury , vol.38 , pp. 298-304
    • Maegele, M.1    Lefering, R.2    Yucel, N.3    Tjardes, T.4    Rixen, D.5    Paffrath, T.6    Simanski, C.7    Neugebauer, E.8    Bouillon, B.9
  • 10
    • 84898548195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early post-traumatic coagulopathy in multiply injury: an analysis on 8,724 patients from the German Trauma Registry Database
    • Maegele M, Yuecel N, Lefering R, Paffrath T, Tjardes T, Bouillon B, Rixen D, Neugebauer E. Early post-traumatic coagulopathy in multiply injury: an analysis on 8, 724 patients from the German Trauma Registry Database. Shock. 2006;25(6): 56.
    • (2006) Shock , vol.25 , Issue.6 , pp. 56
    • Maegele, M.1    Yuecel, N.2    Lefering, R.3    Paffrath, T.4    Tjardes, T.5    Bouillon, B.6    Rixen, D.7    Neugebauer, E.8
  • 11
    • 84868193087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The acute coagulopathy of trauma: mechanisms and tools for risk stratification
    • Maegele M, Spinella PC, Schöchl H. The acute coagulopathy of trauma: mechanisms and tools for risk stratification. Shock. 2012;38(5): 450-8.
    • (2012) Shock , vol.38 , Issue.5 , pp. 450-458
    • Maegele, M.1    Spinella, P.C.2    Schöchl, H.3
  • 12
    • 66149140682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early coagulopathy and massive transfusion (MT) in civilian trauma and combat casualties
    • Gonzalez E, Perkins J, McKinley B, Wade C, Moore F, Holcomb J. Early coagulopathy and massive transfusion (MT) in civilian trauma and combat casualties. Shock. 2006;25(6): 88.
    • (2006) Shock , vol.25 , Issue.6 , pp. 88
    • Gonzalez, E.1    Perkins, J.2    McKinley, B.3    Wade, C.4    Moore, F.5    Holcomb, J.6
  • 13
  • 14
    • 84898544731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www. awmf. org/uploads/tx_szleitlinien/012-019k_S3_Polytrauma_Schwerverletzten-Behandlung_2011-07. pdf.
  • 17
    • 84899586488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An up-date on the coagulopathy of trauma
    • [Epub ahead of print]
    • Maegele M, Schöchl H, Cohen MJ. An up-date on the coagulopathy of trauma. Shock. 2013 [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2013) Shock
    • Maegele, M.1    Schöchl, H.2    Cohen, M.J.3
  • 18
    • 34247568437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute traumatic coagulopathy: initiated by hypoperfusion: modulated through the protein C pathway?
    • Brohi K, Cohen MJ, Ganter MT, Matthay MA, Mackersie RC, Pittet JF. Acute traumatic coagulopathy: initiated by hypoperfusion: modulated through the protein C pathway? Ann Surg. 2007;245(5): 812-8.
    • (2007) Ann Surg , vol.245 , Issue.5 , pp. 812-818
    • Brohi, K.1    Cohen, M.J.2    Ganter, M.T.3    Matthay, M.A.4    Mackersie, R.C.5    Pittet, J.F.6
  • 21
    • 77953504483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of the protein C anticoagulant and antiinflammatory pathways
    • Rezaie AR. Regulation of the protein C anticoagulant and antiinflammatory pathways. Curr Med Chem. 2010;17: 2059-69.
    • (2010) Curr Med Chem , vol.17 , pp. 2059-2069
    • Rezaie, A.R.1
  • 22
    • 0024558370 scopus 로고
    • The roles of protein C and thrombomodulin in the regulation of blood coagulation
    • Esmon CT. The roles of protein C and thrombomodulin in the regulation of blood coagulation. J Biol Chem. 1989;264: 4743-6.
    • (1989) J Biol Chem , vol.264 , pp. 4743-4746
    • Esmon, C.T.1
  • 23
    • 84881604250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trauma-induced coagulopathy: from biology to therapy
    • Noel P, Cashen S, Patel B. Trauma-induced coagulopathy: from biology to therapy. Semin Hematol. 2013;50: 259-69.
    • (2013) Semin Hematol , vol.50 , pp. 259-269
    • Noel, P.1    Cashen, S.2    Patel, B.3
  • 24
    • 84871196677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracellular histone release in response to traumatic injury: implications for a compensatory role of activated protein C
    • Kutcher ME, Xu J, Vilardi RF, Ho C, Esmon CT, Cohen MJ. Extracellular histone release in response to traumatic injury: implications for a compensatory role of activated protein C. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012;73(6): 1389-94.
    • (2012) J Trauma Acute Care Surg , vol.73 , Issue.6 , pp. 1389-1394
    • Kutcher, M.E.1    Xu, J.2    Vilardi, R.F.3    Ho, C.4    Esmon, C.T.5    Cohen, M.J.6
  • 27
    • 79961030348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A high admission syndecan-1 level, a marker of endothelial glycocalyx degradation, is associated with inflammation, protein C depletion, fibrinolysis, and increased mortality in trauma patients
    • Johansson PI, Stensballe J, Rasmussen LS, Ostrowski SR. A high admission syndecan-1 level, a marker of endothelial glycocalyx degradation, is associated with inflammation, protein C depletion, fibrinolysis, and increased mortality in trauma patients. Ann Surg. 2011;254: 194-200.
    • (2011) Ann Surg , vol.254 , pp. 194-200
    • Johansson, P.I.1    Stensballe, J.2    Rasmussen, L.S.3    Ostrowski, S.R.4
  • 30
    • 84864242336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial glycocalyx degradation induces endogenous heparinization in patients with severe injury and early traumatic coagulopathy
    • Ostrowski SR, Johansson PI. Endothelial glycocalyx degradation induces endogenous heparinization in patients with severe injury and early traumatic coagulopathy. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012;73: 60-6.
    • (2012) J Trauma Acute Care Surg , vol.73 , pp. 60-66
    • Ostrowski, S.R.1    Johansson, P.I.2
  • 31
    • 70350459505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperfibrinolysis after major trauma: differential diagnosis of lysis patterns and prognostic value of thrombelastometry
    • Schöchl H, Frietsch T, Pavelka M, Jámbor C. Hyperfibrinolysis after major trauma: differential diagnosis of lysis patterns and prognostic value of thrombelastometry. J Trauma. 2009;67(1): 125-31.
    • (2009) J Trauma , vol.67 , Issue.1 , pp. 125-131
    • Schöchl, H.1    Frietsch, T.2    Pavelka, M.3    Jámbor, C.4
  • 38
    • 84863424619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fibrinogen levels during trauma hemorrhage, response to replacement therapy, and association with patient outcomes
    • Rourke C, Curry N, Khan S, Taylor R, Raza I, Davenport R, Stanworth S, Brohi K. Fibrinogen levels during trauma hemorrhage, response to replacement therapy, and association with patient outcomes. J Thromb Heamost. 2012;10: 1342-51.
    • (2012) J Thromb Heamost , vol.10 , pp. 1342-1351
    • Rourke, C.1    Curry, N.2    Khan, S.3    Taylor, R.4    Raza, I.5    Davenport, R.6    Stanworth, S.7    Brohi, K.8
  • 40
    • 0030908865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting life-threatening coagulopathy in the massively transfused trauma patient: hypothermia and acidoses revisited
    • Cosgriff N, Moore EE, Sauaia A, Kenny-Moynihan M, Burch JM, Galloway B. Predicting life-threatening coagulopathy in the massively transfused trauma patient: hypothermia and acidoses revisited. J Trauma. 1997;42(8): 857-61.
    • (1997) J Trauma , vol.42 , Issue.8 , pp. 857-861
    • Cosgriff, N.1    Moore, E.E.2    Sauaia, A.3    Kenny-Moynihan, M.4    Burch, J.M.5    Galloway, B.6
  • 41
    • 3142631833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic evaluation of the effect of temperature on coagulation enzyme activity and platelet function
    • Wolberg AS, Meng ZH, Monroe DM 3rd, Hoffman M. A systematic evaluation of the effect of temperature on coagulation enzyme activity and platelet function. J Trauma. 2004;56: 1221-8.
    • (2004) J Trauma , vol.56 , pp. 1221-1228
    • Wolberg, A.S.1    Meng, Z.H.2    Monroe 3rd, D.M.3    Hoffman, M.4
  • 42
    • 0348163468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of temperature and pH on the activity of factor VIIa: Implications for the efficacy of high-dose factor VIIa in hypothermic and acidotic patients
    • Meng ZH, Wolberg AS, Monroe DM 3rd, Hoffman M. The effect of temperature and pH on the activity of factor VIIa: Implications for the efficacy of high-dose factor VIIa in hypothermic and acidotic patients. J Trauma. 2003;55: 886-91.
    • (2003) J Trauma , vol.55 , pp. 886-891
    • Meng, Z.H.1    Wolberg, A.S.2    Monroe 3rd, D.M.3    Hoffman, M.4
  • 43
    • 0033169065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marked temperature dependence of the platelet calcium signal induced by human von Willebrand factor
    • Kermode JC, Zheng Q, Milner EP. Marked temperature dependence of the platelet calcium signal induced by human von Willebrand factor. Blood. 1999;94: 199-207.
    • (1999) Blood , vol.94 , pp. 199-207
    • Kermode, J.C.1    Zheng, Q.2    Milner, E.P.3
  • 44
    • 0023199619 scopus 로고
    • Hypothermia in trauma victims: an ominous predictor of survival
    • Jurkovich GJ, Greiser WB, Luterman A, Curreri PW. Hypothermia in trauma victims: an ominous predictor of survival. J Trauma. 1987;27: 1019-124.
    • (1987) J Trauma , vol.27 , pp. 1019-1124
    • Jurkovich, G.J.1    Greiser, W.B.2    Luterman, A.3    Curreri, P.W.4
  • 45
    • 70350447423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coagulopathy by hypothermia and acidosis: mechanisms of thrombin generation and fibrinogen availability
    • Martini WZ. Coagulopathy by hypothermia and acidosis: mechanisms of thrombin generation and fibrinogen availability. J Trauma. 2009;67: 202-9.
    • (2009) J Trauma , vol.67 , pp. 202-209
    • Martini, W.Z.1
  • 46
    • 33745168975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The coagulopathy of trauma versus disseminated intravascular coagulation
    • Hess JR, Lawson JH. The coagulopathy of trauma versus disseminated intravascular coagulation. J Trauma. 2006;60(6 Suppl): S12-9.
    • (2006) J Trauma , vol.60 , Issue.6 SUPPL.
    • Hess, J.R.1    Lawson, J.H.2
  • 47
    • 48449087348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling the action of factor VIIa in dilutional coagulopathy
    • Monroe DM. Modeling the action of factor VIIa in dilutional coagulopathy. Thromb Res. 2008;122(Suppl 1): S7-10.
    • (2008) Thromb Res , vol.122 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Monroe, D.M.1
  • 48
    • 78649865029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drivers of acute coagulopathy after severe trauma: a multivariate analysis of 1987 patients
    • Trauma Registry of DGU
    • Wafaisade A, Wutzler S, Lefering R, Tjardes T, Banerjee M, Paffrath T, Bouillon B, Maegele M; Trauma Registry of DGU. Drivers of acute coagulopathy after severe trauma: a multivariate analysis of 1987 patients. Emerg Med J. 2010;27(12): 934-9.
    • (2010) Emerg Med J , vol.27 , Issue.12 , pp. 934-939
    • Wafaisade, A.1    Wutzler, S.2    Lefering, R.3    Tjardes, T.4    Banerjee, M.5    Paffrath, T.6    Bouillon, B.7    Maegele, M.8
  • 51
    • 0842342602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A clinical review of bleeding dilemmas in trauma
    • Hoyt DB. A clinical review of bleeding dilemmas in trauma. Semin Hematol. 2004;41(1 Suppl 1): 40-3.
    • (2004) Semin Hematol , vol.41 , Issue.1 SUPPL. 1 , pp. 40-43
    • Hoyt, D.B.1
  • 52
    • 0029806807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mild head injury: differences in prognosis among patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13 to 15 and analysis of factors associated with abnormal CT findings
    • Gómez PA, Lobato RD, Ortega JM, De La Cruz J. Mild head injury: differences in prognosis among patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13 to 15 and analysis of factors associated with abnormal CT findings. Br J Neurosurg. 1996;10(5): 453-60.
    • (1996) Br J Neurosurg , vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp. 453-460
    • Gómez, P.A.1    Lobato, R.D.2    Ortega, J.M.3    de la Cruz, J.4
  • 54
    • 78650773259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute and delayed mild coagulopathy are related to outcome in patients with isolated traumatic brain injury
    • ALARM-BLEEDING Investigators
    • Greuters S, van den Berg A, Franschman G, Viersen VA, Beishuizen A, Peerdeman SM, Boer C; ALARM-BLEEDING Investigators. Acute and delayed mild coagulopathy are related to outcome in patients with isolated traumatic brain injury. Crit Care. 2011;15: R2.
    • (2011) Crit Care , vol.15
    • Greuters, S.1    van den Berg, A.2    Franschman, G.3    Viersen, V.A.4    Beishuizen, A.5    Peerdeman, S.M.6    Boer, C.7
  • 55
    • 84875202520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiplatelet therapy and the outcome of subjects with intracranial injury: the Italian SIMEU study
    • of the Società Italiana di Medicina d'Emergenza Urgenza Study Group
    • Fabbri A, Servadei F, Marchesini G, Bronzoni C, Montesi D, Arietta L; of the Società Italiana di Medicina d'Emergenza Urgenza Study Group. Antiplatelet therapy and the outcome of subjects with intracranial injury: the Italian SIMEU study. Crit Care. 2013;17: R53.
    • (2013) Crit Care , vol.17
    • Fabbri, A.1    Servadei, F.2    Marchesini, G.3    Bronzoni, C.4    Montesi, D.5    Arietta, L.6
  • 57
    • 84874805543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coagulopathy after traumatic brain injury: incidence, pathogenesis, and treatment options
    • Maegele M. Coagulopathy after traumatic brain injury: incidence, pathogenesis, and treatment options. Transfusion. 2013;53(Suppl 1): 28S-37S.
    • (2013) Transfusion , vol.53 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Maegele, M.1
  • 60
    • 0003413150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American College of Surgeons, Committee of Trauma8th edn., Chicago: American College of Surgeons
    • American College of Surgeons, Committee of Trauma. Advanced trauma life support for doctors: student course manual. 8th ed. Chicago: American College of Surgeons; 2008.
    • (2008) Advanced Trauma Life Support for Doctors: Student Course Manual
  • 62
    • 79955100644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vital signs and estimated blood loss in patients with major trauma: testing the validity of the ATLS classification of hypovolaemic shock
    • Trauma Audit and Research Network
    • Guly HR, Bouamra O, Spiers M, Dark P, Coats T, Lecky FE; Trauma Audit and Research Network. Vital signs and estimated blood loss in patients with major trauma: testing the validity of the ATLS classification of hypovolaemic shock. Resuscitation. 2011;82(5): 556-9.
    • (2011) Resuscitation , vol.82 , Issue.5 , pp. 556-559
    • Guly, H.R.1    Bouamra, O.2    Spiers, M.3    Dark, P.4    Coats, T.5    Lecky, F.E.6
  • 63
  • 64
    • 84859904715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive models and algorithms for the need of transfusion including massive transfusion in severely injured patients
    • Maegele M, Brockamp T, Nienaber U, Probst C, Schoechl H, Görlinger K, Spinella P. Predictive models and algorithms for the need of transfusion including massive transfusion in severely injured patients. Transfus Med Hemother. 2012;39(2): 85-97.
    • (2012) Transfus Med Hemother , vol.39 , Issue.2 , pp. 85-97
    • Maegele, M.1    Brockamp, T.2    Nienaber, U.3    Probst, C.4    Schoechl, H.5    Görlinger, K.6    Spinella, P.7
  • 65
    • 33745261832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trauma Associated Severe Hemorrhage (TASH)-Score: probability of mass transfusion as surrogate for life threatening hemorrhage after multiple trauma
    • The Polytrauma Study Group of the German Trauma Society
    • Yücel N, Lefering R, Maegele M, Vorweg M, Tjardes T, Ruchholtz S, Neugebauer EA, Wappler F, Bouillon B, Rixen D; Polytrauma Study Group of the German Trauma Society. Trauma Associated Severe Hemorrhage (TASH)-Score: probability of mass transfusion as surrogate for life threatening hemorrhage after multiple trauma. J Trauma. 2006;60: 1228-37.
    • (2006) J Trauma , vol.60 , pp. 1228-1237
    • Yücel, N.1    Lefering, R.2    Maegele, M.3    Vorweg, M.4    Tjardes, T.5    Ruchholtz, S.6    Neugebauer, E.A.7    Wappler, F.8    Bouillon, B.9    Rixen, D.10
  • 66
    • 78651309437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revalidation and update of the TASH-Score: a scoring system to predict the probability for massive transfusion as a surrogate for life-threatening haemorrhage after severe injury
    • Trauma Registry of Deutsche Gesellschaft für Unfallchirurgie (TR-DGU)
    • Maegele M, Lefering R, Wafaisade A, Theodorou P, Wutzler S, Fischer P, Bouillon B, Paffrath T; Trauma Registry of Deutsche Gesellschaft für Unfallchirurgie (TR-DGU). Revalidation and update of the TASH-Score: a scoring system to predict the probability for massive transfusion as a surrogate for life-threatening haemorrhage after severe injury. Vox Sang. 2011;100(2): 231-8.
    • (2011) Vox Sang , vol.100 , Issue.2 , pp. 231-238
    • Maegele, M.1    Lefering, R.2    Wafaisade, A.3    Theodorou, P.4    Wutzler, S.5    Fischer, P.6    Bouillon, B.7    Paffrath, T.8
  • 67
    • 84864496907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting on-going hemorrhage and transfusion requirement after severe trauma: a validation of six scoring systems and algorithms on the TraumaRegister DGU®
    • TraumaRegister DGU
    • Brockamp T, Nienaber U, Mutschler M, Wafaisade A, Peiniger S, Lefering R, Bouillon B, Maegele M; TraumaRegister DGU. Predicting on-going hemorrhage and transfusion requirement after severe trauma: a validation of six scoring systems and algorithms on the TraumaRegister DGU®. Crit Care. 2012;16(4): R129.
    • (2012) Crit Care , vol.16 , Issue.4
    • Brockamp, T.1    Nienaber, U.2    Mutschler, M.3    Wafaisade, A.4    Peiniger, S.5    Lefering, R.6    Bouillon, B.7    Maegele, M.8
  • 68
    • 67651176081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early prediction of massive transfusion in trauma: simple as ABC (assessment of blood consumption)?
    • Nunez TC, Voskresensky IV, Dossett LA, Shinall R, Dutton WD, Cotton BA. Early prediction of massive transfusion in trauma: simple as ABC (assessment of blood consumption)? J Trauma. 2009;66(2): 346-52.
    • (2009) J Trauma , vol.66 , Issue.2 , pp. 346-352
    • Nunez, T.C.1    Voskresensky, I.V.2    Dossett, L.A.3    Shinall, R.4    Dutton, W.D.5    Cotton, B.A.6
  • 69
    • 84859842147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting massive blood transfusion using clinical scores post-trauma
    • Mitra B, Rainer TH, Cameron PA. Predicting massive blood transfusion using clinical scores post-trauma. Vox Sang. 2012;102(4): 324-30.
    • (2012) Vox Sang , vol.102 , Issue.4 , pp. 324-330
    • Mitra, B.1    Rainer, T.H.2    Cameron, P.A.3
  • 70
    • 84892672165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Time to TASH': how long does complete score calculation take to assess major trauma hemorrhage?
    • [Epub ahead of print]. doi: 10. 1111/tme. 12089
    • Mutschler M, Brockamp T, Wafaisade A, Lipensky A, Probst C, Bouillon B, Maegele M. 'Time to TASH': how long does complete score calculation take to assess major trauma hemorrhage? Transfus Med. 2013 [Epub ahead of print]. doi: 10. 1111/tme. 12089.
    • (2013) Transfus Med
    • Mutschler, M.1    Brockamp, T.2    Wafaisade, A.3    Lipensky, A.4    Probst, C.5    Bouillon, B.6    Maegele, M.7
  • 71
    • 80051737043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and impact of abnormal ROTEM assays in severe blunt trauma: results of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy (DIA-TRE-TIC) study
    • Tauber H, Innerhofer P, Breitkopf R, Westermann I, Beer R, El Attal R, Strasak A, Mittermayr M. Prevalence and impact of abnormal ROTEM assays in severe blunt trauma: results of the "Diagnosis and Treatment of Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy (DIA-TRE-TIC) study". Br J Anaesth. 2011;107: 378-87.
    • (2011) Br J Anaesth , vol.107 , pp. 378-387
    • Tauber, H.1    Innerhofer, P.2    Breitkopf, R.3    Westermann, I.4    Beer, R.5    El Attal, R.6    Strasak, A.7    Mittermayr, M.8
  • 75
    • 33745125930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indications for early fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate, and platelet transfusion in trauma
    • Ketchum L, Hess JR, Hiippala S. Indications for early fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate, and platelet transfusion in trauma. J Trauma. 2006;60(6 Suppl): S51-8.
    • (2006) J Trauma , vol.60 , Issue.6 SUPPL.
    • Ketchum, L.1    Hess, J.R.2    Hiippala, S.3
  • 76
    • 84861147058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma transfusion for patients with severe hemorrhage: what is the evidence?
    • Callum JL, Rizoli S. Plasma transfusion for patients with severe hemorrhage: what is the evidence? Transfusion. 2012;52(Suppl 1): 30S-7S.
    • (2012) Transfusion , vol.52 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Callum, J.L.1    Rizoli, S.2
  • 79
    • 33144490691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grading strength of recommendations and quality of evidence in clinical guidelines: report from an American College of Chest Physicians Task Force
    • Guyatt G, Gutterman D, Baumann MH, Addrizzo-Harris D, Hylek EM, Phillips B, Raskob G, Lewis SZ, Schünemann H. Grading strength of recommendations and quality of evidence in clinical guidelines: report from an American College of Chest Physicians Task Force. Chest. 2006;129: 174-81.
    • (2006) Chest , vol.129 , pp. 174-181
    • Guyatt, G.1    Gutterman, D.2    Baumann, M.H.3    Addrizzo-Harris, D.4    Hylek, E.M.5    Phillips, B.6    Raskob, G.7    Lewis, S.Z.8    Schünemann, H.9


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.