Heritage Language Education and the "National Interest"

Review of Research in Education

Volumn 38, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 166-188

  Bale, Jeff ^a  

^a MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84897762429     PISSN: 0091732X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3102/0091732X13507547     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. AlbrightM.HagelC. (2011, July15). Language cuts endanger U.S. USA Today. Retrieved from http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/opinion/forum/2011-07-15-albright-hagel-foreign-languages-budget-cuts_n.htm.
2. BaleJ. (2008). When Arabic is the "target" language: National security, Title VI and Arabic language programs, 1958-1991 (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Arizona State University, Tempe.
3. Bale J.The campaign for Spanish language education in the "Colossus of the North," 1914-1945.Language Policy. 2011a;10:137-157.
4. Bale J.Language and imperialism: The case of Title VI and Arabic, 1958-1991.Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies. 2011b;9:376-409.
5. Bale J.Tongue-tied: Imperialism and second language education in the United States.Critical Education. 2011c;2 (8): 1-25.
6. Bale J.Patriotic duties: The campaign for Spanish language education in the Americanization era. 2013;:.
7. Brecht R. D.National language educational policy in the nation's interests: Why? How? Who is responsible?.Modern Language Journal. 2007;91:264-265.
8. BrechtR. D.IngoldC. W. (2002). Tapping a national resource: Heritage languages in the United States. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics. Retrieved from http://www.cal.org/resources/Digest/0202brecht.html.
9. Brecht R. D.,Rivers W. P.Language and national security for the 21st century: The role of Title VI and Fulbright-Hays in supporting national language capacity. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt; 2000:.
10. Brinton D. M.,Kagan O.,Bauckus S.Heritage language education: A new field emerging. New York, NY: Routledge; 2007:.
11. Callinicos A.Imperialism and global political economy. Cambridge, England: Polity Press; 2009:.
12. CapricciosoR.EpsteinD. (2006, January6). Bush push on "critical" foreign languages. Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved from http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2006/01/06/foreign.
13. Carlson R. A.The Americanization syndrome: A quest for conformity. London, England: Croom Helm; 1987:.
14. Clowse B. B.Brainpower for the Cold War: The Sputnik crisis and National Defense Education Act of 1958. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press; 1981:.
15. CrawfordJ. (1999). Heritage languages: Tapping a "hidden" resource. Retrieved from http://www.elladvocates.org/heritage/Crawford_Heritage_Languages.pdf.
16. Edwards J. D.The role of languages in a post-9/11 United States.Modern Language Journal. 2004;88:268-271.
17. Edwards J. D.,Lenker A. L.,Kahn D.National language policies: Pragmatism, process, and products.NECTFL Review. 2008;63:2-42.
18. García O.Languages for a multicultural world in transition. Byrnes H., ed. Lincolnwood, IL: National Textbook Company; 1992:1-27.
19. García O.Positioning heritage languages in the United States.Modern Language Journal. 2005;89:601-605.
20. Gumperz E. M.Internationalizing American higher education: Innovation and structural change. Berkeley: University of California, Center for Research and Development in Higher Education; 1970:.
21. Haugen E. I.The ecology of language. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press; 1972:.
22. Hebel S.National-security concerns spur Congressional interest in language programs.Chronicle of Higher Education. 2002;:A26.
23. Herman D. M.The future of foreign language education in the United States. Osborn T., ed. Westport, CT: Greenwood; 2002:1-29.
24. Hines R.Changing perspectives on international education. O'Meara P.Mehlinger H. D.Newman R. M., ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; 2001:6-10.
25. IngoldC. W.WangS. C. (2010). The teachers we need: Transforming world language education in the United States. College Park: National Foreign Language Center at the University of Maryland. Retrieved from http://www.nflc.org/publications/the_teachers_we_need.pdf.
26. Iraq Study Group. (2006). The Iraq Study Group report: The way forward-A new approach. Retrieved from http://bakerinstitute.org/Pubs/iraqstudygroup_findings.pdf.
27. Karier C. J.Shaping the American educational state, 1900 to the present. New York, NY: Free Press; 1975:.
28. Kramsch C.Post 9/11: Foreign languages between knowledge and power.Applied Linguistics. 2005;26:545-567.
29. Lambert R. D.Barber E. G.,Jorden E.,Merrill M. B.,Twarog L. I.Beyond growth: The next stage in language and area studies. Washington, DC: Association of American Universities; 1984:.
30. Lambert R. D.Points of leverage: An agenda for a national foundation for international studies. New York, NY: Social Science Research Council; 1986:.
31. Lomawaima K. T.,McCarty T. L.To remain an Indian: Lessons in democracy from a century of Native American education. New York, NY: Teachers College Press; 2006:.
32. Luquiens F. B.The national need for Spanish.Yale Review. 1915;4:699-711.
33. Ethnography and language policy. McCarty T. L., ed. New York, NY: Routledge; 2011:.
34. McClymer J. F.War and welfare: Social engineering in America, 1890-1925. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press; 1980:.
35. McGroarty M.Neoliberal collusion or strategic simultaneity? On multiple rationales for language-in-education policies.Language Policy. 2006;5:3-13.
36. Mirel J. E.Patriotic pluralism: Americanization education and European immigrants. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 2010:.
37. Navarro A.Mexican American Youth Organization: Avant-garde of the Chicano movement in Texas. Austin: University of Texas Press; 1995:.
38. International education and foreign languages: Keys to securing America's future. O'Connell M. E.Norwood J. L., ed. Washington, DC:: National Academies Press; 2007:.
39. William H. Jones.Office of Education Appropriations, FY71: Hearings before the Subcommittee on Departments of Labor and Health, Education and Welfare, of the Senate Committee on Appropriations. 1970;:.
40. Olneck M. R.Americanization and the education of immigrants, 1900-1925: An analysis of symbolic action.American Journal of Education. 1989;97:402-405.
41. Changing perspectives on international education. O'Meara P.Mehlinger H. D.Newman R. M., ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; 2001:.
42. Parker W. R.The national interest and foreign languages: A discussion guide prepared for the U.S. National Commission for UNESCO, Department of State. 1961). The national interest and foreign languages: A discussion guide prepared for the U.S. National Commission for UNESCO, Department of State (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1961:.
43. Petrovic J. E.The conservative restoration and neoliberal defenses of bilingual education.Language Policy. 2005;4:395-416.
44. Ramsey P. J.Bilingual public schooling in the United States: A history of America's polyglot boardinghouse.". New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan; 2010:.
45. Ramsey P. J.A review of "Patriotic pluralism: Americanization education and European immigrants.".Educational Studies. 2011;47:490-494.
46. Reagan T.Language, education, and ideology: Mapping the linguistic landscape of U.S. schools. Westport, CT: Praeger; 2002:.
47. Ricento T.The discursive construction of Americanism.Discourse & Society. 2003;14:611-637.
48. Ricento T.Problems with the "language-as-resource" discourse in the promotion of heritage languages in the U.S.A.Journal of Sociolinguistics. 2005;9:348-368.
49. Ruiz R.Orientations in language planning.NABE Journal. 1984;8:15-34.
50. Ruiz R.International perspectives on bilingual education: Policy, practice and controversy. Petrovic J. E., ed. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing; 2010:155-172.
51. RutherN. L. (1994). The role of federal programs in internationalizing the U.S. higher education system from1958-1988 (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
52. San Miguel G.Brown, not white: School integration and the Chicano movement in Houston. Houston, TX: The University of Houston; 2001:.
53. Scarfo R. D.International education in the new global era: Proceedings on a national policy conference on the Higher Education Act, Title VI and Fulbright-Hays Programs. Hawkins J. N.Haro C. M.Kazanjian M. A.Merkx G. W.Wiley D., ed. Los Angeles: UCLA International Studies and Overseas Programs; 1997:23-25.
54. Mildenberger Kenneth W.Scholarship and loan program, Part 3: Hearings before the Subcommittee on Special Education and the Subcommittee on General Education, of the House Committee on Education and Labor. 1958;:.
55. Scollon R.Teaching language and culture as hegemonic practice.Modern Language Journal. 2004;88:271-274.
56. Simon P.The tongue-tied American: Confronting the foreign language crisis. New York, NY: Continuum; 1992:.
57. Spack R.America's second tongue: American Indian education and the ownership of English, 1860-1900. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press; 2002:.
58. Spolsky B.Language policy: Lessons from global models. Baker S. J., ed. Monterrey, CA: Monterrey Institute for International Studies; 2002:103-114.
59. Spolsky B.Language policy. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press; 2004:.
60. Spring J.The sorting machine revisited: National educational policy since 1945. New York, NY: Longman; 1989:.
61. ten Brink TGeopolitics and global political economy. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill; in press:.
62. Trujillo A.Chicano empowerment and bilingual education: Movimiento politics in Crystal City, TX. New York, NY: Garland; 1998:.
63. Urban W. J.More than science and Sputnik: The National Defense Education Act of 1958. Tuscaloosa: The University of Alabama Press; 2010:.
64. Valdés G.Heritage languages in America: Preserving a national resource. Peyton J. K.Ranard D. A.McGinnis S., ed. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics; 2001:37-80.
65. Valenti J. J.The recent debate on federal aid to education legislation in the United States.International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue Internationale de l'Education. 1959;5:189-202.
66. Vargas Z.Labor rights are civil rights: Mexican American workers in twentieth-century America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 2005:.
67. Vestal T. M.International education: Its history and promise for today. Westport, CT: Praeger; 1994:.
68. Walker C. R.Language teaching goes to war.School & Society. 1943;57:369-373.
69. Wang S.Preparing and supporting teachers of less commonly taught languages.Modern Language Journal. 2009;93:282-287.
70. Watzke J. L.Lasting change in foreign language education: A historical case for change in national policy. Westport, CT: Praeger; 2003:.
71. American education and the European immigrant: 1840-1940. Weiss B. J., ed. Urbana: University of Illinois Press; 1982:.
72. Wiley T. G.Language policies in the United States and Canada: Myths and realities. Ricento T.Burnaby B., ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lawrence Erlbaum; 1998:211-241.
73. Wiley T. G.Sociopolitical perspectives on language policy and language planning in the U.S.A. Huebner T.Davis K. A., ed. Amsterdam: John Benjamins; 1999:17-37.
74. Wiley T. G.Language policies in education: Critical issues. Tollefson J. W., ed. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum; 2002:39-64.
75. Wiley T. G.An introduction to language policy: Theory and method. Ricento T., ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell; 2006:135-152.
76. Wiley T. G.The foreign language "crisis" in the U.S.: Are heritage and community languages the remedy?.Critical Inquiry in Language Studies. 2007;4:179-205.
77. WilhelmI. (2011, April13). Language and international-studies programs face devastating cuts under budget deal. Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/article/Language-and/127122/.
78. Zimmerman J.Ethnics against ethnicity: European immigrants and foreign-language instruction, 1890-1940.Journal of American History. 2002;88:1383-1404.