메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 71, Issue , 2014, Pages 27-54

The discovery and comparison of symbolic magnitudes

Author keywords

Magnitude comparisons; Markedness; Reference points; Semantic congruity; Symbolic distance

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ATTENTION; BAYES THEOREM; CONCEPT FORMATION; DECISION MAKING; HUMAN; LONG TERM MEMORY; SYMBOLISM;

EID: 84893899470     PISSN: 00100285     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2014.01.002     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (13)

References (108)
  • 1
    • 0001024395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's ability to make transitive inferences: The importance of premise integration and structural complexity
    • Andrews G., Halford G.S. Children's ability to make transitive inferences: The importance of premise integration and structural complexity. Cognitive Development 1998, 13(4):479-513.
    • (1998) Cognitive Development , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 479-513
    • Andrews, G.1    Halford, G.S.2
  • 2
    • 85027471244 scopus 로고
    • Response instructions and the speed of relative judgments: I. Some experiments on brightness discrimination
    • Audley R.J., Wallis C.P. Response instructions and the speed of relative judgments: I. Some experiments on brightness discrimination. British Journal of Psychology 1964, 55:59-73.
    • (1964) British Journal of Psychology , vol.55 , pp. 59-73
    • Audley, R.J.1    Wallis, C.P.2
  • 8
    • 43749088034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compositionality and statistics in adjective acquisition: 4-year-olds interpret tall and short based on the size distributions of novel referents
    • Barner D., Snedeker J. Compositionality and statistics in adjective acquisition: 4-year-olds interpret tall and short based on the size distributions of novel referents. Child Development 2008, 79:594-608.
    • (2008) Child Development , vol.79 , pp. 594-608
    • Barner, D.1    Snedeker, J.2
  • 9
    • 0000425878 scopus 로고
    • A theory of comparative response times and "difference" judgments
    • Birnbaum M.H., Jou J.W. A theory of comparative response times and "difference" judgments. Cognitive Psychology 1990, 22:184-210.
    • (1990) Cognitive Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 184-210
    • Birnbaum, M.H.1    Jou, J.W.2
  • 11
    • 0005424610 scopus 로고
    • Adaptation-level coding of stimuli and serial position effects
    • Academic Press, New York, M.H. Appley (Ed.)
    • Bower G.H. Adaptation-level coding of stimuli and serial position effects. Adaptation-level theory 1971, 175-201. Academic Press, New York. M.H. Appley (Ed.).
    • (1971) Adaptation-level theory , pp. 175-201
    • Bower, G.H.1
  • 12
    • 28044436323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semantic congruity affects numerical judgments similarly in monkeys and humans
    • Cantlon J., Brannon E.M. Semantic congruity affects numerical judgments similarly in monkeys and humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 2005, 102:16507-16511.
    • (2005) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA , vol.102 , pp. 16507-16511
    • Cantlon, J.1    Brannon, E.M.2
  • 13
    • 33646718142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional imaging of numerical processing in adults and 4-yr-old children
    • Cantlon J., Brannon E.M., Carter E., Pelphrey K. Functional imaging of numerical processing in adults and 4-yr-old children. PLoS Biology 2006, 4(e125):1-11.
    • (2006) PLoS Biology , vol.4 E125 , pp. 1-11
    • Cantlon, J.1    Brannon, E.M.2    Carter, E.3    Pelphrey, K.4
  • 17
    • 84893915675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generative inferences based on a discriminative Bayesian model of relation learning
    • Cognitive Science Society, Austin, TX, M. Knauf, M. Pauven, N. Sebanz, I. Wachsmuth (Eds.)
    • Chen D., Lu H., Holyoak K.J. Generative inferences based on a discriminative Bayesian model of relation learning. Proceedings of the 35th annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society 2013, 2018-2033. Cognitive Science Society, Austin, TX. M. Knauf, M. Pauven, N. Sebanz, I. Wachsmuth (Eds.).
    • (2013) Proceedings of the 35th annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society , pp. 2018-2033
    • Chen, D.1    Lu, H.2    Holyoak, K.J.3
  • 18
    • 0000093045 scopus 로고
    • Linguistic processes in deductive reasoning
    • Clark H.H. Linguistic processes in deductive reasoning. Psychological Review 1969, 1969(76):387-404.
    • (1969) Psychological Review , vol.1969 , Issue.76 , pp. 387-404
    • Clark, H.H.1
  • 19
    • 0141901873 scopus 로고
    • On the meeting of semantics and perception
    • Academic Press, New York, W.G. Chase (Ed.)
    • Clark H.H., Carpenter P.A., Just M.A. On the meeting of semantics and perception. Visual information processing 1973, 311-381. Academic Press, New York. W.G. Chase (Ed.).
    • (1973) Visual information processing , pp. 311-381
    • Clark, H.H.1    Carpenter, P.A.2    Just, M.A.3
  • 20
    • 77953679049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Representation of multiple, independent categories in the primate prefrontal cortex
    • Cromer J.A., Roy J.E., Miller E.K. Representation of multiple, independent categories in the primate prefrontal cortex. Neuron 2010, 66:796-807.
    • (2010) Neuron , vol.66 , pp. 796-807
    • Cromer, J.A.1    Roy, J.E.2    Miller, E.K.3
  • 21
    • 0027023242 scopus 로고
    • Transitive inference in rats (Rattus norvegicus)
    • Davis H. Transitive inference in rats (Rattus norvegicus). Journal of Comparative Psychology 1992, 106:342-349.
    • (1992) Journal of Comparative Psychology , vol.106 , pp. 342-349
    • Davis, H.1
  • 22
    • 58149382714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exemplar by feature applicability matrices and other Dutch normative data for semantic concepts
    • De Deyne S., Verheyen S., Ameel E., Vanpaemel W., Dry M., Voorspoels W., et al. Exemplar by feature applicability matrices and other Dutch normative data for semantic concepts. Behavior Research Methods 2008, 40(4):1030-1048.
    • (2008) Behavior Research Methods , vol.40 , Issue.4 , pp. 1030-1048
    • De Deyne, S.1    Verheyen, S.2    Ameel, E.3    Vanpaemel, W.4    Dry, M.5    Voorspoels, W.6
  • 23
    • 0026900985 scopus 로고
    • The varieties of numerical abilities
    • Dehaene S. The varieties of numerical abilities. Cognition 1992, 44:1-42.
    • (1992) Cognition , vol.44 , pp. 1-42
    • Dehaene, S.1
  • 25
    • 0027508419 scopus 로고
    • Development of elementary numerical abilities: A neuronal model
    • Dehaene S., Changeux J.-P. Development of elementary numerical abilities: A neuronal model. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 1993, 5:390-407.
    • (1993) Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , vol.5 , pp. 390-407
    • Dehaene, S.1    Changeux, J.-P.2
  • 27
    • 37249005769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semantic associations between signs and numerical categories in the prefrontal cortex
    • Diester I., Nieder A. Semantic associations between signs and numerical categories in the prefrontal cortex. PLoS Biology 2007, 5:e294.
    • (2007) PLoS Biology , vol.5
    • Diester, I.1    Nieder, A.2
  • 28
    • 73249133941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical values leave a semantic imprint on associated signs in monkeys
    • Diester I., Nieder Q. Numerical values leave a semantic imprint on associated signs in monkeys. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2010, 22:174-183.
    • (2010) Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , vol.22 , pp. 174-183
    • Diester, I.1    Nieder, Q.2
  • 29
    • 0034157463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noise exclusion in spatial attention
    • Dosher B.A., Lu Z.-L. Noise exclusion in spatial attention. Psychological Science 2000, 11:139-146.
    • (2000) Psychological Science , vol.11 , pp. 139-146
    • Dosher, B.A.1    Lu, Z.-L.2
  • 30
    • 39049091453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A theory of the discovery and predication of relational concepts
    • Doumas L.A.A., Hummel J.E., Sandhofer C.M. A theory of the discovery and predication of relational concepts. Psychological Review 2008, 115:1-43.
    • (2008) Psychological Review , vol.115 , pp. 1-43
    • Doumas, L.A.A.1    Hummel, J.E.2    Sandhofer, C.M.3
  • 31
    • 0035846981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Categorical representation of visual stimuli in the primate prefrontal cortex
    • Freedman D.J., Riesenhuber M., Poggio T., Miller E.K. Categorical representation of visual stimuli in the primate prefrontal cortex. Science 2001, 291:312-316.
    • (2001) Science , vol.291 , pp. 312-316
    • Freedman, D.J.1    Riesenhuber, M.2    Poggio, T.3    Miller, E.K.4
  • 32
    • 0028488224 scopus 로고
    • The role of similarity in categorization: Providing a groundwork
    • Goldstone R.L. The role of similarity in categorization: Providing a groundwork. Cognition 1994, 52:125-157.
    • (1994) Cognition , vol.52 , pp. 125-157
    • Goldstone, R.L.1
  • 34
    • 0001997292 scopus 로고
    • Can young children integrate premises in transitivity and serial order tasks?
    • Halford G.S. Can young children integrate premises in transitivity and serial order tasks?. Cognitive Psychology 1984, 16:65-93.
    • (1984) Cognitive Psychology , vol.16 , pp. 65-93
    • Halford, G.S.1
  • 36
    • 0032436262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processing capacity defined by relational complexity: Implications for comparative, developmental and cognitive psychology
    • Halford G.S., Wilson W.H., Phillips S. Processing capacity defined by relational complexity: Implications for comparative, developmental and cognitive psychology. Behavioral Brain Sciences 1998, 21(6):803-831.
    • (1998) Behavioral Brain Sciences , vol.21 , Issue.6 , pp. 803-831
    • Halford, G.S.1    Wilson, W.H.2    Phillips, S.3
  • 37
  • 39
    • 0006547202 scopus 로고
    • The form of analog size information in memory
    • Holyoak K.J. The form of analog size information in memory. Cognitive Psychology 1977, 9:31-51.
    • (1977) Cognitive Psychology , vol.9 , pp. 31-51
    • Holyoak, K.J.1
  • 40
    • 0001080096 scopus 로고
    • Comparative judgments with numerical reference points
    • Holyoak K.J. Comparative judgments with numerical reference points. Cognitive Psychology 1978, 10:203-243.
    • (1978) Cognitive Psychology , vol.10 , pp. 203-243
    • Holyoak, K.J.1
  • 41
    • 0018490440 scopus 로고
    • Semantic association effects in a mental comparison task
    • Holyoak K.J., Dumais S.T., Moyer R.S. Semantic association effects in a mental comparison task. Memory & Cognition 1979, 7:303-313.
    • (1979) Memory & Cognition , vol.7 , pp. 303-313
    • Holyoak, K.J.1    Dumais, S.T.2    Moyer, R.S.3
  • 42
    • 0019545957 scopus 로고
    • Semantic congruity in symbolic comparisons: Evidence against an expectancy hypothesis
    • Holyoak K.J., Mah W.A. Semantic congruity in symbolic comparisons: Evidence against an expectancy hypothesis. Memory & Cognition 1981, 9:197-204.
    • (1981) Memory & Cognition , vol.9 , pp. 197-204
    • Holyoak, K.J.1    Mah, W.A.2
  • 43
    • 0001160589 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive reference points in judgments of symbolic magnitude
    • Holyoak K.J., Mah W.A. Cognitive reference points in judgments of symbolic magnitude. Cognitive Psychology 1982, 14:328-352.
    • (1982) Cognitive Psychology , vol.14 , pp. 328-352
    • Holyoak, K.J.1    Mah, W.A.2
  • 46
    • 48749144142 scopus 로고
    • The semantic congruity effect: Some tests of the expectancy hypothesis
    • Howard R. The semantic congruity effect: Some tests of the expectancy hypothesis. Acta Psychologica 1983, 53:205-216.
    • (1983) Acta Psychologica , vol.53 , pp. 205-216
    • Howard, R.1
  • 48
    • 77349093776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Context affects the numerical semantic congruity effect in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)
    • Jones S.M., Cantlon J.F., Merritt D.J., Brannon E.M. Context affects the numerical semantic congruity effect in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Behavioral Processes 2010, 83:191-196.
    • (2010) Behavioral Processes , vol.83 , pp. 191-196
    • Jones, S.M.1    Cantlon, J.F.2    Merritt, D.J.3    Brannon, E.M.4
  • 50
    • 60749101277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structured statistical models of inductive reasoning
    • Kemp C., Tenenbaum J.B. Structured statistical models of inductive reasoning. Psychological Review 2009, 116(1):20-58.
    • (2009) Psychological Review , vol.116 , Issue.1 , pp. 20-58
    • Kemp, C.1    Tenenbaum, J.B.2
  • 52
    • 38249020563 scopus 로고
    • Modeling imageless thought: The relative judgment theory of numerical comparisons
    • Link S.W. Modeling imageless thought: The relative judgment theory of numerical comparisons. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 1990, 34:2-41.
    • (1990) Journal of Mathematical Psychology , vol.34 , pp. 2-41
    • Link, S.W.1
  • 53
    • 84867357282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bayesian analogy with relational transformations
    • Lu H., Chen D., Holyoak K.J. Bayesian analogy with relational transformations. Psychological Review 2012, 119:617-648.
    • (2012) Psychological Review , vol.119 , pp. 617-648
    • Lu, H.1    Chen, D.2    Holyoak, K.J.3
  • 56
    • 0000407949 scopus 로고
    • Relative judgment: A phenomenon and a theory
    • Marks D.F. Relative judgment: A phenomenon and a theory. Perception & Psychophysics 1972, 11:156-160.
    • (1972) Perception & Psychophysics , vol.11 , pp. 156-160
    • Marks, D.F.1
  • 58
    • 0018474634 scopus 로고
    • Semantic congruity and lexical marking in symbolic comparisons: An expectancy hypothesis
    • Marschark M., Paivio A. Semantic congruity and lexical marking in symbolic comparisons: An expectancy hypothesis. Memory & Cognition 1979, 7:175-184.
    • (1979) Memory & Cognition , vol.7 , pp. 175-184
    • Marschark, M.1    Paivio, A.2
  • 59
    • 0017401257 scopus 로고
    • Are monkeys logical?
    • McGonigle B.O., Chalmers M. Are monkeys logical?. Nature 1977, 267:694-696.
    • (1977) Nature , vol.267 , pp. 694-696
    • McGonigle, B.O.1    Chalmers, M.2
  • 60
    • 79957873789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of inferential order judgments in humans (Homo sapiens) and rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)
    • Merritt D.J., Terrace H.S. Mechanisms of inferential order judgments in humans (Homo sapiens) and rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Journal of Comparative Psychology 2011, 125:227-238.
    • (2011) Journal of Comparative Psychology , vol.125 , pp. 227-238
    • Merritt, D.J.1    Terrace, H.S.2
  • 61
    • 39749093168 scopus 로고
    • The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information
    • Miller G.A. The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review 1956, 63:81-97.
    • (1956) Psychological Review , vol.63 , pp. 81-97
    • Miller, G.A.1
  • 63
    • 0015749997 scopus 로고
    • Comparing objects in memory: Evidence suggesting an internal psychophysics
    • Moyer R.S. Comparing objects in memory: Evidence suggesting an internal psychophysics. Perception & Psychophysics 1973, 13:180-184.
    • (1973) Perception & Psychophysics , vol.13 , pp. 180-184
    • Moyer, R.S.1
  • 64
    • 0000994068 scopus 로고
    • Mental comparison and the symbolic distance effect
    • Moyer R.S., Bayer R.H. Mental comparison and the symbolic distance effect. Cognitive Psychology 1976, 8:228-246.
    • (1976) Cognitive Psychology , vol.8 , pp. 228-246
    • Moyer, R.S.1    Bayer, R.H.2
  • 66
    • 0014221599 scopus 로고
    • Time required for judgments of numerical inequality
    • Moyer R.S., Landauer T.K. Time required for judgments of numerical inequality. Nature 1967, 215(1519-1):520.
    • (1967) Nature , vol.215 , Issue.1-1519 , pp. 520
    • Moyer, R.S.1    Landauer, T.K.2
  • 67
    • 0002478740 scopus 로고
    • The distinctiveness of stimuli
    • Murdock B.B. The distinctiveness of stimuli. Psychological Review 1960, 67:16-31.
    • (1960) Psychological Review , vol.67 , pp. 16-31
    • Murdock, B.B.1
  • 68
    • 38949101883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attribute conflict in consumer decision making: The role of task compatibility
    • Nagpal A., Krishnamurthy P. Attribute conflict in consumer decision making: The role of task compatibility. Journal of Consumer Research 2008, 34:696-705.
    • (2008) Journal of Consumer Research , vol.34 , pp. 696-705
    • Nagpal, A.1    Krishnamurthy, P.2
  • 69
    • 0037426978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coding of cognitive magnitude: Compressed scaling of numerical information in the primate prefrontal cortex
    • Nieder A., Miller E.K. Coding of cognitive magnitude: Compressed scaling of numerical information in the primate prefrontal cortex. Neuron 2003, 37:149-157.
    • (2003) Neuron , vol.37 , pp. 149-157
    • Nieder, A.1    Miller, E.K.2
  • 70
    • 0020713343 scopus 로고
    • Shifts of attention in the identification and discrimination of intensity
    • Nosofsky R.M. Shifts of attention in the identification and discrimination of intensity. Perception & Psychophysics 1983, 33:103-112.
    • (1983) Perception & Psychophysics , vol.33 , pp. 103-112
    • Nosofsky, R.M.1
  • 71
    • 85066660432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of quantitative thinking
    • Oxford University Press, New York, K.K. Holyoak, R.G. Morrison (Eds.)
    • Opfer J.E., Siegler R.S. Development of quantitative thinking. Oxford handbook of thinking and reasoning 2012, 585-605. Oxford University Press, New York. K.K. Holyoak, R.G. Morrison (Eds.).
    • (2012) Oxford handbook of thinking and reasoning , pp. 585-605
    • Opfer, J.E.1    Siegler, R.S.2
  • 74
    • 43749107081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Darwin's mistake: Explaining the discontinuity between human and nonhuman minds
    • Penn D.C., Holyoak K.J., Povinelli D.J. Darwin's mistake: Explaining the discontinuity between human and nonhuman minds. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2008, 31:109-178.
    • (2008) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.31 , pp. 109-178
    • Penn, D.C.1    Holyoak, K.J.2    Povinelli, D.J.3
  • 76
    • 0024671429 scopus 로고
    • Semantic congruity effects in perceptual comparisons
    • Petrusic W.M., Baranski J.V. Semantic congruity effects in perceptual comparisons. Perception & Psychophysics 1989, 45:439-452.
    • (1989) Perception & Psychophysics , vol.45 , pp. 439-452
    • Petrusic, W.M.1    Baranski, J.V.2
  • 77
    • 0002434720 scopus 로고
    • The processing of associations versus the processing of relations and symbols: A systematic comparison
    • Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ, J.D. Moore, J.F. Lehman (Eds.)
    • Phillips S., Halford G.S., Wilson W.H. The processing of associations versus the processing of relations and symbols: A systematic comparison. Proceedings of the seventeenth annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society 1995, 688-691. Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ. J.D. Moore, J.F. Lehman (Eds.).
    • (1995) Proceedings of the seventeenth annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society , pp. 688-691
    • Phillips, S.1    Halford, G.S.2    Wilson, W.H.3
  • 78
    • 7044286249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tuning curves for approximate numerosity in the human intraparietal sulcus
    • Piazza M., Izard V., Pinel P., Bihan D., Dehaene S. Tuning curves for approximate numerosity in the human intraparietal sulcus. Neuron 2004, 44:547-555.
    • (2004) Neuron , vol.44 , pp. 547-555
    • Piazza, M.1    Izard, V.2    Pinel, P.3    Bihan, D.4    Dehaene, S.5
  • 79
    • 33746766895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exact and approximate judgements of visual and auditory numerosity: An fMRI study
    • Piazza M., Mechelli A., Price C.J., Butterworth B. Exact and approximate judgements of visual and auditory numerosity: An fMRI study. Brain Research 2006, 1106:177-188.
    • (2006) Brain Research , vol.1106 , pp. 177-188
    • Piazza, M.1    Mechelli, A.2    Price, C.J.3    Butterworth, B.4
  • 80
    • 33846077905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A magnitude code common to numerosities and number symbols in human intraparietal cortex
    • Piazza M., Pinel P., Le Bihan D., Dehaene S. A magnitude code common to numerosities and number symbols in human intraparietal cortex. Neuron 2007, 53:293-305.
    • (2007) Neuron , vol.53 , pp. 293-305
    • Piazza, M.1    Pinel, P.2    Le Bihan, D.3    Dehaene, S.4
  • 81
    • 1842526766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributed and overlapping cerebral representations of number, size, and luminance during comparative judgments
    • Pinel P., Piazza M., Bihan D.L., Dehaene S. Distributed and overlapping cerebral representations of number, size, and luminance during comparative judgments. Neuron 2004, 41:1-20.
    • (2004) Neuron , vol.41 , pp. 1-20
    • Pinel, P.1    Piazza, M.2    Bihan, D.L.3    Dehaene, S.4
  • 82
    • 0010274281 scopus 로고
    • Storing and retrieving information about ordered relationships
    • Potts G.R. Storing and retrieving information about ordered relationships. Journal of Experimental Psychology 1974, 103:431-439.
    • (1974) Journal of Experimental Psychology , vol.103 , pp. 431-439
    • Potts, G.R.1
  • 84
    • 0036074582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familiarity and dominance relations among female sooty mangabeys in the Taï National Park
    • Range F., Noë R. Familiarity and dominance relations among female sooty mangabeys in the Taï National Park. American Journal of Primatology 2002, 56:137-153.
    • (2002) American Journal of Primatology , vol.56 , pp. 137-153
    • Range, F.1    Noë, R.2
  • 85
    • 58149404021 scopus 로고
    • A theory of memory retrieval
    • Ratcliff R. A theory of memory retrieval. Psychological Review 1978, 85:59-108.
    • (1978) Psychological Review , vol.85 , pp. 59-108
    • Ratcliff, R.1
  • 86
    • 0141788661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of macaque behavior and superior colliculus neuronal activity to predictions from models of simple two-choice decisions
    • Ratcliff R., Cherian A., Segraves M. A comparison of macaque behavior and superior colliculus neuronal activity to predictions from models of simple two-choice decisions. Journal of Neurophysiology 2003, 90:1392-1407.
    • (2003) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.90 , pp. 1392-1407
    • Ratcliff, R.1    Cherian, A.2    Segraves, M.3
  • 87
    • 41849150773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diffusion decision model: Theory and data for two-choice decision tasks
    • Ratcliff R., McKoon G. The diffusion decision model: Theory and data for two-choice decision tasks. Neural Computation 2010, 20:873-922.
    • (2010) Neural Computation , vol.20 , pp. 873-922
    • Ratcliff, R.1    McKoon, G.2
  • 88
    • 0033111505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Connectionist and diffusion models of reaction time
    • Ratcliff R., Van Zandt T., McKoon G. Connectionist and diffusion models of reaction time. Psychological Review 1999, 106:261-300.
    • (1999) Psychological Review , vol.106 , pp. 261-300
    • Ratcliff, R.1    Van Zandt, T.2    McKoon, G.3
  • 89
    • 0002109138 scopus 로고
    • A theory of Pavlovian conditioning: Variations in the effectiveness of reinforcement and nonreinforcement
    • Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, A.H. Black, W.F. Prokasy (Eds.)
    • Rescorla R.A., Wagner A.R. A theory of Pavlovian conditioning: Variations in the effectiveness of reinforcement and nonreinforcement. Classical conditioning II: Current research and theory 1972, 64-99. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York. A.H. Black, W.F. Prokasy (Eds.).
    • (1972) Classical conditioning II: Current research and theory , pp. 64-99
    • Rescorla, R.A.1    Wagner, A.R.2
  • 91
    • 0040163861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A semantic congruity effect in children's acquisition of high and low
    • Ryalls B.O., Winslow E., Smith L.B. A semantic congruity effect in children's acquisition of high and low. Journal of Memory and Language 1998, 39:543-557.
    • (1998) Journal of Memory and Language , vol.39 , pp. 543-557
    • Ryalls, B.O.1    Winslow, E.2    Smith, L.B.3
  • 92
    • 0034230569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adults' acquisition of novel dimension words: Creating a semantic congruity effect
    • Rylass B.O., Smith L.B. Adults' acquisition of novel dimension words: Creating a semantic congruity effect. Journal of General Psychology 2000, 127:279-326.
    • (2000) Journal of General Psychology , vol.127 , pp. 279-326
    • Rylass, B.O.1    Smith, L.B.2
  • 94
    • 33745963270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of instruction presentation mode in comparative judgment
    • Shaki S., Leth-Steensen C., Petrusic W.W. Effects of instruction presentation mode in comparative judgment. Memory & Cognition 2006, 34:196-206.
    • (2006) Memory & Cognition , vol.34 , pp. 196-206
    • Shaki, S.1    Leth-Steensen, C.2    Petrusic, W.W.3
  • 97
    • 0024586025 scopus 로고
    • The role of expectancy in comparative judgments
    • Shoben E.J., Sailor K.M., Wang M. The role of expectancy in comparative judgments. Memory & Cognition 1989, 17:18-26.
    • (1989) Memory & Cognition , vol.17 , pp. 18-26
    • Shoben, E.J.1    Sailor, K.M.2    Wang, M.3
  • 98
    • 77956710170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning to talk about the properties of objects: A network model of the development of dimensions
    • Academic Press, San Diego, CA, R.L. Goldstone, D.L. Medin, P.G. Schyns (Eds.) Advances in the psychology of learning and motivation
    • Smith L.B., Gasser M., Sandhofer C.M. Learning to talk about the properties of objects: A network model of the development of dimensions. Perceptual learning 1997, Vol. 36:219-255. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. R.L. Goldstone, D.L. Medin, P.G. Schyns (Eds.).
    • (1997) Perceptual learning , vol.36 , pp. 219-255
    • Smith, L.B.1    Gasser, M.2    Sandhofer, C.M.3
  • 99
    • 85192331290 scopus 로고
    • The construction and use of representations involving linear order
    • Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, R.L. Solso (Ed.)
    • Trabasso T., Riley C.A. The construction and use of representations involving linear order. Information processing and cognition: The Loyola symposium 1975, 381-410. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ. R.L. Solso (Ed.).
    • (1975) Information processing and cognition: The Loyola symposium , pp. 381-410
    • Trabasso, T.1    Riley, C.A.2
  • 100
    • 68149134787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reference points in linguistic construal: Scalar adjectives revisited
    • Tribushinina E. Reference points in linguistic construal: Scalar adjectives revisited. Studia Linguistica 2009, 63:233-260.
    • (2009) Studia Linguistica , vol.63 , pp. 233-260
    • Tribushinina, E.1
  • 101
    • 0019392722 scopus 로고
    • The framing of decisions and the psychology of choice
    • Tversky A., Kahneman D. The framing of decisions and the psychology of choice. Science 1981, 211:453-458.
    • (1981) Science , vol.211 , pp. 453-458
    • Tversky, A.1    Kahneman, D.2
  • 103
    • 75949144438 scopus 로고
    • Response instructions and the speed of relative judgments: II. Pitch discrimination
    • Wallis C.P., Audley R.J. Response instructions and the speed of relative judgments: II. Pitch discrimination. British Journal of Psychology 1964, 55:121-132.
    • (1964) British Journal of Psychology , vol.55 , pp. 121-132
    • Wallis, C.P.1    Audley, R.J.2
  • 106
    • 32544439341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A recurrent network mechanism of time integration in perceptual decisions
    • Wong K.-F., Wang X.-J. A recurrent network mechanism of time integration in perceptual decisions. Journal of Neuroscience 2006, 26:1314-1328.
    • (2006) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.26 , pp. 1314-1328
    • Wong, K.-F.1    Wang, X.-J.2
  • 108
    • 0028947074 scopus 로고
    • Reinforcement accounts for transitive inference performance
    • Wynne C.D.L. Reinforcement accounts for transitive inference performance. Animal Learning & Behavior 1995, 23:207-217.
    • (1995) Animal Learning & Behavior , vol.23 , pp. 207-217
    • Wynne, C.D.L.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.