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Volumn 311, Issue , 2014, Pages 212-220

Green semi-hydrogenation of alkynes by Pd@borate monolith catalysts under continuous flow

Author keywords

Alkynes semi hydrogenation; Borate polymers; Continuous flow; Palladium nanoparticles; Unconventional monoliths

Indexed keywords

ALKYNES SEMI-HYDROGENATION; CONTINUOUS FLOWS; INDUSTRIAL PROCESSS; LONG TERM STABILITY; MACROPOROUS MONOLITHS; MILD REACTION CONDITIONS; PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES; UNCONVENTIONAL MONOLITHS;

EID: 84891666559     PISSN: 00219517     EISSN: 10902694     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.11.027     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (54)

References (119)
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    • The term "monolith" adopted in the present manuscript refers to a"single-piece" material that comply with the definition given by IUPAC: "a shaped, fabricated intractable article with a homogeneous microstructure that does not exhibit any structural components distinguishable by optical microscopy". See: "Definitions of terms relating to the structural and processing of sols, gels, networks and inorganic-organic hybrid materials", IUPAC Recommendations, 2007, p. 1812
    • The term "monolith" adopted in the present manuscript refers to a"single-piece" material that comply with the definition given by IUPAC: "a shaped, fabricated intractable article with a homogeneous microstructure that does not exhibit any structural components distinguishable by optical microscopy". See: "Definitions of terms relating to the structural and processing of sols, gels, networks and inorganic-organic hybrid materials", IUPAC Recommendations, 2007, p. 1812.
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    • Palladium nitrate is reasonably soluble in water, methanol and THF. However, to the purpose of Pd immobilization, water could not be used because of the hydrophobicity of the polymer resulting in the incomplete site-accessibility of Pd ions, while use of methanol was hampered by the casual formation of PdNPs, due to its redox properties, see Ref. [48]
    • Palladium nitrate is reasonably soluble in water, methanol and THF. However, to the purpose of Pd immobilization, water could not be used because of the hydrophobicity of the polymer resulting in the incomplete site-accessibility of Pd ions, while use of methanol was hampered by the casual formation of PdNPs, due to its redox properties, see Ref. [48].
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    • A more complete experimental results Table is provided in the Supplementary material (Table S2)
    • A more complete experimental results Table is provided in the Supplementary material (Table S2).
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    • The activities and/or the selectivities obtained in the hydrogenation of 1 using Pd@MonoBor under continuos flow also compare positively with those reported for batch heterogeneous Pd catalysts onto charcoal (99% sel. (95% Z)@97% conv.) and hydrotalcite (95% sel. (96% Z)@95% conv.), see: P.T. Witte (BASF Catalysts LLC) Pat. WO 2009096783, 2009 and J.C.A.A. Roelofs, P.H. Berben, Chem. Commun. (2004) 970, respectively
    • The activities and/or the selectivities obtained in the hydrogenation of 1 using Pd@MonoBor under continuos flow also compare positively with those reported for batch heterogeneous Pd catalysts onto charcoal (99% sel. (95% Z)@97% conv.) and hydrotalcite (95% sel. (96% Z)@95% conv.), see: P.T. Witte (BASF Catalysts LLC) Pat. WO 2009096783, 2009 and J.C.A.A. Roelofs, P.H. Berben, Chem. Commun. (2004) 970, respectively.
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    • Slightly better results were obtained in a similar way for the batch semi-hydrogenation of ethyl phenylpropiolate using Pd onto nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers, see
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