메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 27-35

The PIRO (predisposition, insult, response, organ dysfunction) model: Toward a staging system for acute illness

Author keywords

Clinical trials; Critical illness; Epidemiology; Sepsis; Staging; Stratification

Indexed keywords

EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2; INTERLEUKIN 6; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 4; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR;

EID: 84891657244     PISSN: 21505594     EISSN: 21505608     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4161/viru.26908     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (51)

References (64)
  • 1
    • 0020505091 scopus 로고
    • Presidential Address: A history of appendicitis. With anecdotes illustrating its importance
    • PMID:6342553
    • Williams GR. Presidential Address: a history of appendicitis. With anecdotes illustrating its importance. Ann Surg 1983; 197:495-506; PMID:6342553; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000658-198305000-00001
    • (1983) Ann Surg , vol.197 , pp. 495-506
    • Williams, G.R.1
  • 2
    • 65249160142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized clinical trial of antibiotic therapy versus appendicectomy as primary treatment of acute appendicitis in unselected patients
    • PMID:19358184
    • Hansson J, Körner U, Khorram-Manesh A, Solberg A, Lundholm K. Randomized clinical trial of antibiotic therapy versus appendicectomy as primary treatment of acute appendicitis in unselected patients. Br J Surg 2009; 96:473-81; PMID:19358184; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.6482
    • (2009) Br J Surg , vol.96 , pp. 473-481
    • Hansson, J.1    Körner, U.2    Khorram-Manesh, A.3    Solberg, A.4    Lundholm, K.5
  • 5
    • 0141455186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TNM: Evolution and relation to other prognostic factors
    • PMID:12923909
    • Sobin LH. TNM: evolution and relation to other prognostic factors. Semin Surg Oncol 2003; 21:3-7; PMID:12923909; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ssu.10014
    • (2003) Semin Surg Oncol , vol.21 , pp. 3-7
    • Sobin, L.H.1
  • 9
    • 0025021527 scopus 로고
    • Microbial infection and the septic response in critical surgical illness. Sepsis, not infection, determines outcome
    • discussion 22-3; PMID:2294878
    • Marshall JC, Sweeney D. Microbial infection and the septic response in critical surgical illness. Sepsis, not infection, determines outcome. Arch Surg 1990; 125:17-22, discussion 22-3; PMID:2294878; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.1990.01410130019002
    • (1990) Arch Surg , vol.125 , pp. 17-22
    • Marshall, J.C.1    Sweeney, D.2
  • 10
    • 0028784689 scopus 로고
    • Multiple organ dysfunction score: A reliable descriptor of a complex clinical outcome
    • PMID:7587228
    • Marshall JC, Cook DJ, Christou NV, Bernard GR, Sprung CL, Sibbald WJ. Multiple organ dysfunction score: a reliable descriptor of a complex clinical outcome. Crit Care Med 1995; 23:1638-52; PMID:7587228; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199510000-00007
    • (1995) Crit Care Med , vol.23 , pp. 1638-1652
    • Marshall, J.C.1    Cook, D.J.2    Christou, N.V.3    Bernard, G.R.4    Sprung, C.L.5    Sibbald, W.J.6
  • 11
    • 0037396875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference
    • International Sepsis Definitions Conference. PMID:12664219
    • Levy MM, Fink MP, Marshall JC, Abraham E, Angus D, Cook D, Cohen J, Opal SM, Vincent JL, Ramsay G; International Sepsis Definitions Conference. 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Intensive Care Med 2003; 29:530-8; PMID:12664219; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00134-003-1662-x
    • (2003) Intensive Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 530-538
    • Levy, M.M.1    Fink, M.P.2    Marshall, J.C.3    Abraham, E.4    Angus, D.5    Cook, D.6    Cohen, J.7    Opal, S.M.8    Vincent, J.L.9    Ramsay, G.10
  • 12
    • 0023870774 scopus 로고
    • Genetic and environmental influences on premature death in adult adoptees
    • PMID:3347221
    • Sørensen TI, Nielsen GG, Andersen PK, Teasdale TW. Genetic and environmental influences on premature death in adult adoptees. N Engl J Med 1988; 318:727-32; PMID:3347221; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198803243181202
    • (1988) N Engl J Med , vol.318 , pp. 727-732
    • Sørensen, T.I.1    Nielsen, G.G.2    Andersen, P.K.3    Teasdale, T.W.4
  • 13
    • 72849122933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From evolutionary genetics to human immunology: How selection shapes host defence genes
    • PMID:19953080
    • Barreiro LB, Quintana-Murci L. From evolutionary genetics to human immunology: how selection shapes host defence genes. Nat Rev Genet 2010; 11:17-30; PMID:19953080; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrg2698
    • (2010) Nat Rev Genet , vol.11 , pp. 17-30
    • Barreiro, L.B.1    Quintana-Murci, L.2
  • 14
    • 77956880216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of genetically-based resistance to malaria
    • PMID:20655368
    • López C, Saravia C, Gomez A, Hoebeke J, Patarroyo MA. Mechanisms of genetically-based resistance to malaria. Gene 2010; 467:1-12; PMID:20655368; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2010.07.008
    • (2010) Gene , vol.467 , pp. 1-12
    • López, C.1    Saravia, C.2    Gomez, A.3    Hoebeke, J.4    Patarroyo, M.A.5
  • 15
    • 84857190262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human genetic susceptibility to infectious disease
    • PMID:22310894
    • Chapman SJ, Hill AV. Human genetic susceptibility to infectious disease. Nat Rev Genet 2012; 13:175-88; PMID:22310894
    • (2012) Nat Rev Genet , vol.13 , pp. 175-188
    • Chapman, S.J.1    Hill, A.V.2
  • 16
    • 34047098731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Mal functional variant is associated with protection against invasive pneumococcal disease, bacteremia, malaria and tuberculosis
    • PMID:17322885
    • Khor CC, Chapman SJ, Vannberg FO, Dunne A, Murphy C, Ling EY, Frodsham AJ, Walley AJ, Kyrieleis O, Khan A, et al. A Mal functional variant is associated with protection against invasive pneumococcal disease, bacteremia, malaria and tuberculosis. Nat Genet 2007; 39:523-8; PMID:17322885; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1976
    • (2007) Nat Genet , vol.39 , pp. 523-528
    • Khor, C.C.1    Chapman, S.J.2    Vannberg, F.O.3    Dunne, A.4    Murphy, C.5    Ling, E.Y.6    Frodsham, A.J.7    Walley, A.J.8    Kyrieleis, O.9    Khan, A.10
  • 18
    • 0033546610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of TNF2, a TNF-α promoter polymorphism, with septic shock susceptibility and mortality: A multicenter study
    • PMID:10450718
    • Mira J-P, Cariou A, Grall F, Delclaux C, Losser M-R, Heshmati F, Cheval C, Monchi M, Teboul JL, Riché F, et al. Association of TNF2, a TNF-α promoter polymorphism, with septic shock susceptibility and mortality: a multicenter study. JAMA 1999; 282:561-8; PMID:10450718; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.282.6.561
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , pp. 561-568
    • Mira, J.-P.1    Cariou, A.2    Grall, F.3    Delclaux, C.4    Losser, M.-R.5    Heshmati, F.6    Cheval, C.7    Monchi, M.8    Teboul, J.L.9    Riché, F.10
  • 19
    • 80054868277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL17A genetic variation is associated with altered susceptibility to Gram-positive infection and mortality of severe sepsis
    • PMID:22026963
    • Nakada TA, Russell JA, Boyd JH, Walley KR. IL17A genetic variation is associated with altered susceptibility to Gram-positive infection and mortality of severe sepsis. Crit Care 2011; 15:R254; PMID:22026963; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/cc10515
    • (2011) Crit Care , vol.15
    • Nakada, T.A.1    Russell, J.A.2    Boyd, J.H.3    Walley, K.R.4
  • 20
    • 79951836784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A single nucleotide polymorphism in NF-κB inducing kinase is associated with mortality in septic shock
    • PMID:21257964
    • Thair SA, Walley KR, Nakada TA, McConechy MK, Boyd JH, Wellman H, Russell JA. A single nucleotide polymorphism in NF-κB inducing kinase is associated with mortality in septic shock. J Immunol 2011; 186:2321-8; PMID:21257964; http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1002864
    • (2011) J Immunol , vol.186 , pp. 2321-2328
    • Thair, S.A.1    Walley, K.R.2    Nakada, T.A.3    McConechy, M.K.4    Boyd, J.H.5    Wellman, H.6    Russell, J.A.7
  • 21
    • 84891626934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-Like Receptor 1 Polymorphisms and Associated Outcomes in Sepsis After Traumatic Injury: A Candidate Gene Association Study
    • Forthcoming, PMID:23478521
    • Thompson CM, Holden TD, Rona G, Laxmanan B, Black RA, O'Keefe GE, Wurfel MM. Toll-Like Receptor 1 Polymorphisms and Associated Outcomes in Sepsis After Traumatic Injury: A Candidate Gene Association Study. Ann Surg 2013; (Forthcoming); PMID:23478521; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0b013e31828538e8
    • (2013) Ann Surg
    • Thompson, C.M.1    Holden, T.D.2    Rona, G.3    Laxmanan, B.4    Black, R.A.5    O'Keefe, G.E.6    Wurfel, M.M.7
  • 22
    • 84155171255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A functional variant of lipopolysaccharide binding protein predisposes to sepsis and organ dysfunction in patients with major trauma
    • PMID:22167001
    • Zeng L, Gu W, Zhang AQ, Zhang M, Zhang LY, Du DY, Huang SN, Jiang JX. A functional variant of lipopolysaccharide binding protein predisposes to sepsis and organ dysfunction in patients with major trauma. Ann Surg 2012; 255:147-57; PMID:22167001; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0b013e3182389515
    • (2012) Ann Surg , vol.255 , pp. 147-157
    • Zeng, L.1    Gu, W.2    Zhang, A.Q.3    Zhang, M.4    Zhang, L.Y.5    Du, D.Y.6    Huang, S.N.7    Jiang, J.X.8
  • 23
    • 84874853282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The -144C/A polymorphism in the promoter of HSP90beta is associated with multiple organ dysfunction scores
    • PMID:23516526
    • Zhao Y, Tao L, Jiang D, Chen X, Li P, Ning Y, Xiong R, Liu P, Peng Y, Zhou YG. The -144C/A polymorphism in the promoter of HSP90beta is associated with multiple organ dysfunction scores. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58646; PMID:23516526; http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058646
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8
    • Zhao, Y.1    Tao, L.2    Jiang, D.3    Chen, X.4    Li, P.5    Ning, Y.6    Xiong, R.7    Liu, P.8    Peng, Y.9    Zhou, Y.G.10
  • 24
    • 0037451929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000
    • PMID:12700374
    • Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S, Moss M. The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med 2003; 348:1546-54; PMID:12700374; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa022139
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 1546-1554
    • Martin, G.S.1    Mannino, D.M.2    Eaton, S.3    Moss, M.4
  • 26
    • 33947179106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence and outcomes of sepsis: Influence of race
    • PMID:17255870
    • Dombrovskiy VY, Martin AA, Sunderram J, Paz HL. Occurrence and outcomes of sepsis: influence of race. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:763-8; PMID:17255870; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.CCM.0000256726.80998.BF
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 763-768
    • Dombrovskiy, V.Y.1    Martin, A.A.2    Sunderram, J.3    Paz, H.L.4
  • 27
    • 79952277599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in mortality in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock
    • PMID:21056869
    • Pietropaoli AP, Glance LG, Oakes D, Fisher SG. Gender differences in mortality in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. Gend Med 2010; 7:422-37; PMID:21056869; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genm.2010.09.005
    • (2010) Gend Med , vol.7 , pp. 422-437
    • Pietropaoli, A.P.1    Glance, L.G.2    Oakes, D.3    Fisher, S.G.4
  • 28
    • 84859047758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing incidence of serious infectious diseases and inequalities in New Zealand: A national epidemiological study
    • PMID:22353263
    • Baker MG, Barnard LT, Kvalsvig A, Verrall A, Zhang J, Keall M, Wilson N, Wall T, Howden-Chapman P. Increasing incidence of serious infectious diseases and inequalities in New Zealand: a national epidemiological study. Lancet 2012; 379:1112-9; PMID:22353263; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61780-7
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.379 , pp. 1112-1119
    • Baker, M.G.1    Barnard, L.T.2    Kvalsvig, A.3    Verrall, A.4    Zhang, J.5    Keall, M.6    Wilson, N.7    Wall, T.8    Howden-Chapman, P.9
  • 29
    • 81855226057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of comorbid [corrected] conditions on critical illness
    • PMID:22094497
    • Esper AM, Martin GS. The impact of comorbid [corrected] conditions on critical illness. Crit Care Med 2011; 39:2728-35; PMID:22094497; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0b013e318236f27e
    • (2011) Crit Care Med , vol.39 , pp. 2728-2735
    • Esper, A.M.1    Martin, G.S.2
  • 31
    • 0022256529 scopus 로고
    • APACHE II: A severity of disease classification system
    • PMID:3928249
    • Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE. APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985; 13:818-29; PMID:3928249; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-198510000-00009
    • (1985) Crit Care Med , vol.13 , pp. 818-829
    • Knaus, W.A.1    Draper, E.A.2    Wagner, D.P.3    Zimmerman, J.E.4
  • 32
    • 84867137847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of marital status on the presentation and outcomes of elderly male veterans hospitalized for pneumonia
    • PMID:22459780
    • Metersky ML, Fine MJ, Mortensen EM. The effect of marital status on the presentation and outcomes of elderly male veterans hospitalized for pneumonia. Chest 2012; 142:982-7; PMID:22459780; http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.11-3183
    • (2012) Chest , vol.142 , pp. 982-987
    • Metersky, M.L.1    Fine, M.J.2    Mortensen, E.M.3
  • 33
    • 79955468948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient and healthcare professional factors influencing end-of-life decision-making during critical illness: A systematic review
    • PMID:21336127
    • Frost DW, Cook DJ, Heyland DK, Fowler RA. Patient and healthcare professional factors influencing end-of-life decision-making during critical illness: a systematic review. Crit Care Med 2011; 39:1174-89; PMID:21336127; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0b013e31820eacf2
    • (2011) Crit Care Med , vol.39 , pp. 1174-1189
    • Frost, D.W.1    Cook, D.J.2    Heyland, D.K.3    Fowler, R.A.4
  • 34
    • 77954005130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous ligands of TLR2 and TLR4: Agonists or assistants?
    • PMID:20179153
    • Erridge C. Endogenous ligands of TLR2 and TLR4: agonists or assistants? J Leukoc Biol 2010; 87:989-99; PMID:20179153; http://dx.doi.org/10.1189/jlb.1209775
    • (2010) J Leukoc Biol , vol.87 , pp. 989-999
    • Erridge, C.1
  • 35
    • 84874457770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation and Host Response to Injury, Large Scale Collaborative Research Program. Genomic responses in mouse models poorly mimic human inflammatory diseases
    • PMID:23401516
    • Seok J, Warren HS, Cuenca AG, Mindrinos MN, Baker HV, Xu W, Richards DR, McDonald-Smith GP, Gao H, Hennessy L, et al.; Inflammation and Host Response to Injury, Large Scale Collaborative Research Program. Genomic responses in mouse models poorly mimic human inflammatory diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:3507-12; PMID:23401516; http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1222878110
    • (2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.110 , pp. 3507-3512
    • Seok, J.1    Warren, H.S.2    Cuenca, A.G.3    Mindrinos, M.N.4    Baker, H.V.5    Xu, W.6    Richards, D.R.7    McDonald-Smith, G.P.8    Gao, H.9    Hennessy, L.10
  • 36
    • 84862908403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genomic storm in critically injured humans
    • Inflammation and Host Response to Injury Large-Scale Collaborative Research Program, PMID:22110166
    • Xiao W, Mindrinos MN, Seok J, Cuschieri J, Cuenca AG, Gao H, Hayden DL, Hennessy L, Moore EE, Minei JP, et al.; Inflammation and Host Response to Injury Large-Scale Collaborative Research Program. A genomic storm in critically injured humans. J Exp Med 2011; 208:2581-90; PMID:22110166; http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20111354
    • (2011) J Exp Med , vol.208 , pp. 2581-2590
    • Xiao, W.1    Mindrinos, M.N.2    Seok, J.3    Cuschieri, J.4    Cuenca, A.G.5    Gao, H.6    Hayden, D.L.7    Hennessy, L.8    Moore, E.E.9    Minei, J.P.10
  • 37
    • 33646786804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutralization of tumor necrosis factor in preclinical models of sepsis
    • PMID:16374382
    • Lorente JA, Marshall JC. Neutralization of tumor necrosis factor in preclinical models of sepsis. Shock 2005; 24(Suppl 1):107-19; PMID:16374382; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.shk.0000191343.21228.78
    • (2005) Shock , vol.24 , Issue.1 SUPPL. , pp. 107-119
    • Lorente, J.A.1    Marshall, J.C.2
  • 38
    • 0025917510 scopus 로고
    • A controlled clinical trial of E5 murine monoclonal IgM antibody to endotoxin in the treatment of gram-negative sepsis
    • The XOMA Sepsis Study Group, PMID:1865542
    • Greenman RL, Schein RMH, Martin MA, Wenzel RP, MacIntyre NR, Emmanuel G, Chmel H, Kohler RB, McCarthy M, Plouffe J, et al.; The XOMA Sepsis Study Group. A controlled clinical trial of E5 murine monoclonal IgM antibody to endotoxin in the treatment of gram-negative sepsis. JAMA 1991; 266:1097-102; PMID:1865542; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1991.03470080067031
    • (1991) JAMA , vol.266 , pp. 1097-1102
    • Greenman, R.L.1    Schein, R.M.H.2    Martin, M.A.3    Wenzel, R.P.4    Macintyre, N.R.5    Emmanuel, G.6    Chmel, H.7    Kohler, R.B.8    McCarthy, M.9    Plouffe, J.10
  • 39
    • 84875124740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of eritoran, an antagonist of MD2-TLR4, on mortality in patients with severe sepsis: The ACCESS randomized trial
    • ACCESS Study Group, PMID:23512062
    • Opal SM, Laterre PF, Francois B, LaRosa SP, Angus DC, Mira JP, Wittebole X, Dugernier T, Perrotin D, Tidswell M, et al.; ACCESS Study Group. Effect of eritoran, an antagonist of MD2-TLR4, on mortality in patients with severe sepsis: the ACCESS randomized trial. JAMA 2013; 309:1154-62; PMID:23512062; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.2194
    • (2013) JAMA , vol.309 , pp. 1154-1162
    • Opal, S.M.1    Laterre, P.F.2    Francois, B.3    Larosa, S.P.4    Angus, D.C.5    Mira, J.P.6    Wittebole, X.7    Dugernier, T.8    Perrotin, D.9    Tidswell, M.10
  • 40
    • 84862821595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of body temperature and antipyretic treatments with mortality of critically ill patients with and without sepsis: Multi-centered prospective observational study
    • Fever and Antipyretic in Critically ill patients Evaluation (FACE) Study Group, PMID:22373120
    • Lee BH, Inui D, Suh GY, Kim JY, Kwon JY, Park J, Tada K, Tanaka K, Ietsugu K, Uehara K, et al.; Fever and Antipyretic in Critically ill patients Evaluation (FACE) Study Group. Association of body temperature and antipyretic treatments with mortality of critically ill patients with and without sepsis: multi-centered prospective observational study. Crit Care 2012; 16:R33; PMID:22373120; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/cc11211
    • (2012) Crit Care , vol.16
    • Lee, B.H.1    Inui, D.2    Suh, G.Y.3    Kim, J.Y.4    Kwon, J.Y.5    Park, J.6    Tada, K.7    Tanaka, K.8    Ietsugu, K.9    Uehara, K.10
  • 41
    • 0033922252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothermia and cytokines in septic shock. Norasept II Study Investigators. North American study of the safety and efficacy of murine monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor for the treatment of septic shock
    • PMID:10945388
    • Marik PE, Zaloga GP. Hypothermia and cytokines in septic shock. Norasept II Study Investigators. North American study of the safety and efficacy of murine monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor for the treatment of septic shock. Intensive Care Med 2000; 26:716-21; PMID:10945388; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340051237
    • (2000) Intensive Care Med , vol.26 , pp. 716-721
    • Marik, P.E.1    Zaloga, G.P.2
  • 42
    • 67649755693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers of sepsis
    • Marshall JC, Reinhart K; International Sepsis Forum, PMID:19487943
    • Marshall JC, Reinhart K; International Sepsis Forum. Biomarkers of sepsis. Crit Care Med 2009; 37:2290-8; PMID:19487943; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181a02afc
    • (2009) Crit Care Med , vol.37 , pp. 2290-2298
  • 43
    • 77956628404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sepsis biomarkers: A review
    • PMID:20144219
    • Pierrakos C, Vincent JL. Sepsis biomarkers: a review. Crit Care 2010; 14:R15; PMID:20144219; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/cc8872
    • (2010) Crit Care , vol.14
    • Pierrakos, C.1    Vincent, J.L.2
  • 44
    • 8544262221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monoclonal Anti-TNF: A Randomized Controlled Sepsis Study Investigators. Efficacy and safety of the monoclonal anti-tumor necrosis factor antibody F(ab')2 fragment afelimomab in patients with severe sepsis and elevated interleukin-6 levels
    • PMID:15640628
    • Panacek EA, Marshall JC, Albertson TE, Johnson DH, Johnson S, MacArthur RD, Miller M, Barchuk WT, Fischkoff S, Kaul M, et al.; Monoclonal Anti-TNF: a Randomized Controlled Sepsis Study Investigators. Efficacy and safety of the monoclonal anti-tumor necrosis factor antibody F(ab')2 fragment afelimomab in patients with severe sepsis and elevated interleukin-6 levels. Crit Care Med 2004; 32:2173-82; PMID:15640628
    • (2004) Crit Care Med , vol.32 , pp. 2173-2182
    • Panacek, E.A.1    Marshall, J.C.2    Albertson, T.E.3    Johnson, D.H.4    Johnson, S.5    Macarthur, R.D.6    Miller, M.7    Barchuk, W.T.8    Fischkoff, S.9    Kaul, M.10
  • 45
    • 0021985390 scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effect of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy in primary breast cancer patients with high oestrogen receptor values
    • PMID:2856949
    • Rose C, Thorpe SM, Andersen KW, Pedersen BV, Mouridsen HT, Blichert-Toft M, Rasmussen BB. Beneficial effect of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy in primary breast cancer patients with high oestrogen receptor values. Lancet 1985; 1:16-9; PMID:2856949; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(85)90966-3
    • (1985) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 16-19
    • Rose, C.1    Thorpe, S.M.2    Andersen, K.W.3    Pedersen, B.V.4    Mouridsen, H.T.5    Blichert-Toft, M.6    Rasmussen, B.B.7
  • 47
    • 0031885699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tertiary peritonitis: Clinical features of a complex nosocomial infection
    • PMID:9451931
    • Nathens AB, Rotstein OD, Marshall JC. Tertiary peritonitis: clinical features of a complex nosocomial infection. World J Surg 1998; 22:158-63; PMID:9451931; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689900364
    • (1998) World J Surg , vol.22 , pp. 158-163
    • Nathens, A.B.1    Rotstein, O.D.2    Marshall, J.C.3
  • 49
    • 0035826096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant human protein C Worldwide Evaluation in Severe Sepsis (PROWESS) study group. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis
    • PMID:11236773
    • Bernard GR, Vincent J-L, Laterre PF, LaRosa SP, Dhainaut J-F, Lopez-Rodriguez A, Steingrub JS, Garber GE, Helterbrand JD, Ely EW, et al.; Recombinant human protein C Worldwide Evaluation in Severe Sepsis (PROWESS) study group. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 2001; 344:699-709; PMID:11236773; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200103083441001
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , pp. 699-709
    • Bernard, G.R.1    Vincent, J.-L.2    Laterre, P.F.3    Larosa, S.P.4    Dhainaut, J.-F.5    Lopez-Rodriguez, A.6    Steingrub, J.S.7    Garber, G.E.8    Helterbrand, J.D.9    Ely, E.W.10
  • 50
    • 43049147109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sepsis mortality prediction based on predisposition, infection and response
    • SAPS 3 Investigators, PMID:18060541
    • Moreno RP, Metnitz B, Adler L, Hoechtl A, Bauer P, Metnitz PG; SAPS 3 Investigators. Sepsis mortality prediction based on predisposition, infection and response. Intensive Care Med 2008; 34:496-504; PMID:18060541; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00134-007-0943-1
    • (2008) Intensive Care Med , vol.34 , pp. 496-504
    • Moreno, R.P.1    Metnitz, B.2    Adler, L.3    Hoechtl, A.4    Bauer, P.5    Metnitz, P.G.6
  • 51
    • 57349165386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ventilator-associated pneumonia PIRO score: A tool for predicting ICU mortality and health-care resources use in ventilatorassociated pneumonia
    • PMID:18779186
    • Lisboa T, Diaz E, Sa-Borges M, Socias A, Sole-Violan J, Rodríguez A, Rello J. The ventilator-associated pneumonia PIRO score: a tool for predicting ICU mortality and health-care resources use in ventilatorassociated pneumonia. Chest 2008; 134:1208-16; PMID:18779186; http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.08-1106
    • (2008) Chest , vol.134 , pp. 1208-1216
    • Lisboa, T.1    Diaz, E.2    Sa-Borges, M.3    Socias, A.4    Sole-Violan, J.5    Rodríguez, A.6    Rello, J.7
  • 52
    • 67650266015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PIRO score for community-acquired pneumonia: A new prediction rule for assessment of severity in intensive care unit patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    • PMID:19114916
    • Rello J, Rodriguez A, Lisboa T, Gallego M, Lujan M, Wunderink R. PIRO score for community-acquired pneumonia: a new prediction rule for assessment of severity in intensive care unit patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Crit Care Med 2009; 37:456-62; PMID:19114916; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0b013e318194b021
    • (2009) Crit Care Med , vol.37 , pp. 456-462
    • Rello, J.1    Rodriguez, A.2    Lisboa, T.3    Gallego, M.4    Lujan, M.5    Wunderink, R.6
  • 53
    • 67650457744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predisposition, insult/infection, response, and organ dysfunction: A new model for staging severe sepsis
    • PMID:19242329
    • Rubulotta F, Marshall JC, Ramsay G, Nelson D, Levy M, Williams M. Predisposition, insult/infection, response, and organ dysfunction: A new model for staging severe sepsis. Crit Care Med 2009; 37:1329-35; PMID:19242329; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0b013e31819d5db1
    • (2009) Crit Care Med , vol.37 , pp. 1329-1335
    • Rubulotta, F.1    Marshall, J.C.2    Ramsay, G.3    Nelson, D.4    Levy, M.5    Williams, M.6
  • 54
    • 84872591132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The predisposition, infection, response and organ failure (Piro) sepsis classification system: Results of hospital mortality using a novel concept and methodological approach
    • PMID:23349756
    • Granja C, Póvoa P, Lobo C, Teixeira-Pinto A, Carneiro A, Costa-Pereira A. The predisposition, infection, response and organ failure (Piro) sepsis classification system: results of hospital mortality using a novel concept and methodological approach. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53885; PMID:23349756; http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053885
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8
    • Granja, C.1    Póvoa, P.2    Lobo, C.3    Teixeira-Pinto, A.4    Carneiro, A.5    Costa-Pereira, A.6
  • 56
    • 34548294922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saline or albumin for fluid resuscitation in patients with traumatic brain injury
    • SAFE Study Investigators; Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Clinical Trials Group; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; George Institute for International Health, PMID:17761591
    • Myburgh J, Cooper DJ, Finfer S, Bellomo R, Norton R, Bishop N, Kai Lo S, Vallance S; SAFE Study Investigators; Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Clinical Trials Group; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; George Institute for International Health. Saline or albumin for fluid resuscitation in patients with traumatic brain injury. N Engl J Med 2007; 357:874-84; PMID:17761591; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa067514
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.357 , pp. 874-884
    • Myburgh, J.1    Cooper, D.J.2    Finfer, S.3    Bellomo, R.4    Norton, R.5    Bishop, N.6    Kai Lo, S.7    Vallance, S.8
  • 59
    • 0027142556 scopus 로고
    • Cytokine patterns in patients after major vascular surgery, hemorrhagic shock, and severe blunt trauma. Relation with subsequent adult respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure
    • PMID:8257227
    • Roumen RMH, Hendriks T, van der Ven-Jongekrijg J, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, Sauerwein RW, van der Meer JWM, Goris RJ. Cytokine patterns in patients after major vascular surgery, hemorrhagic shock, and severe blunt trauma. Relation with subsequent adult respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure. Ann Surg 1993; 218:769-76; PMID:8257227; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000658-199312000-00011
    • (1993) Ann Surg , vol.218 , pp. 769-776
    • Roumen, R.M.H.1    Hendriks, T.2    van der Ven-Jongekrijg, J.3    Nieuwenhuijzen, G.A.P.4    Sauerwein, R.W.5    van der Meer, J.W.M.6    Goris, R.J.7
  • 60
    • 84855833408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of existing TNF blocking agents in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
    • PMID:22272322
    • Aaltonen KJ, Virkki LM, Malmivaara A, Konttinen YT, Nordström DC, Blom M. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of existing TNF blocking agents in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30275; PMID:22272322; http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030275
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7
    • Aaltonen, K.J.1    Virkki, L.M.2    Malmivaara, A.3    Konttinen, Y.T.4    Nordström, D.C.5    Blom, M.6
  • 61
    • 76949095663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Top-down therapy for IBD: Rationale and requisite evidence
    • PMID:20134490
    • D'Haens GR. Top-down therapy for IBD: rationale and requisite evidence. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 7:86-92; PMID:20134490; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2009.222
    • (2010) Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.7 , pp. 86-92
    • D'Haens, G.R.1
  • 62
    • 84881187537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opportunistic infections with anti-tumor necrosis factor-α therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • PMID:23649185
    • Ford AC, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Opportunistic infections with anti-tumor necrosis factor-α therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Gastroenterol 2013; 108:1268-76; PMID:23649185; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2013.138
    • (2013) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.108 , pp. 1268-1276
    • Ford, A.C.1    Peyrin-Biroulet, L.2
  • 63
    • 33749447128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation and the Host Response to Injury Investigators. Inflammation and the host response to injury: An overview of the multicenter study of the genomic and proteomic response to burn injury
    • PMID:16819346
    • Klein MB, Silver G, Gamelli RL, Gibran NS, Herndon DN, Hunt JL, Tompkins RG; Inflammation and the Host Response to Injury Investigators. Inflammation and the host response to injury: an overview of the multicenter study of the genomic and proteomic response to burn injury. J Burn Care Res 2006; 27:448-51; PMID:16819346; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.BCR.0000227477.33877.E6
    • (2006) J Burn Care Res , vol.27 , pp. 448-451
    • Klein, M.B.1    Silver, G.2    Gamelli, R.L.3    Gibran, N.S.4    Herndon, D.N.5    Hunt, J.L.6    Tompkins, R.G.7
  • 64
    • 84864503158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing core outcome sets for clinical trials: Issues to consider
    • PMID:22867278
    • Williamson PR, Altman DG, Blazeby JM, Clarke M, Devane D, Gargon E, Tugwell P. Developing core outcome sets for clinical trials: issues to consider. Trials 2012; 13:132; PMID:22867278; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-13-132
    • (2012) Trials , vol.13 , pp. 132
    • Williamson, P.R.1    Altman, D.G.2    Blazeby, J.M.3    Clarke, M.4    Devane, D.5    Gargon, E.6    Tugwell, P.7


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.