Towards a better understanding of medicinal uses of Carthamus tinctorius L. in traditional Chinese medicine: A phytochemical and pharmacological review

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Volumn 151, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 27-43

  Zhou, Xidan ^a   Tang, Liying ^a   Xu, Yilong ^a   Zhou, Guohong ^a   Wang, Zhuju ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA   (China)

Author keywords

Botany and ethnopharmacology; Carthamus tinctorius L. (safflower); Pharmacology; Phytochemistry; Toxicology

Indexed keywords

ALKALOID; ALKALOID DERIVATIVE; FLAVONOID GLYCOSIDE; PLANT GLYCOSIDE; PLANT MEDICINAL PRODUCT; POLYACETYLENE; POLYACETYLENE DERIVATIVE; QUINOCHALCONE; SAFFLOWER EXTRACT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AGING; ANALGESIA; ANTICOAGULATION; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY; BLOOD PRESSURE; BOTANY; BRAIN BLOOD VESSEL; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; CELL PROTECTION; CHINA; CHINESE MEDICINE; CORONARY ARTERY DILATATION; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG TOXICITY; DRUG USE; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY; FATIGUE; FUTUROLOGY; HEART FUNCTION; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; HUMAN; IMMUNOMODULATION; LIVER FIBROSIS; NEUROPROTECTION; NONHUMAN; PHYTOCHEMISTRY; QUALITY CONTROL; REVIEW; SAFFLOWER; THROMBOSIS; TOXICOLOGY;

ASTERACEAE; BETULA ALBOSINENSIS; CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS;

BOTANY AND ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY; CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS L. (SAFFLOWER); PHARMACOLOGY; PHYTOCHEMISTRY; TOXICOLOGY;

CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS; HUMANS; MEDICINE, CHINESE TRADITIONAL; PHYTOTHERAPY; PLANT PREPARATIONS;

EID: 84891482065     PISSN: 03788741     EISSN: 18727573     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.050     Document Type: Review

References (101)

1. K.M. Ahmed, M.S. Marzouk, E.A.M. El-Khrisy, S.A. Wahab, and S.S. El-Din A new flavone diglycoside from Carthamus tinctorius seeds Pharmazie 55 2000 621 622
2. T. Akihisa, H. Oinuma, T. Tamura, and Y. Kasahara et al. Erythro-hentriacontane-6,8-diol and 11 other alkane-6,8-diols from Carthamus tinctorius Phytochemistry 36 1994 105 108
3. S. Asgary, P. Rahimi, P. Mahzouni, and H. Madani Anti-diabetic effect of hydro alcoholic extract of Carthamus tinctorius L. in alloxan-induced diabetic rats J. Res. Med. Sci. 17 2012 386 392
4. T. Blaszczyk, J. Krzyzanowska, and E. Lamer-Zarawska Screening for antimycotic properties of 56 traditional Chinese drugs Phytother. Res. 14 2000 210 212
5. K.J. Chen Blood stasis syndrome and its treatment with activating blood circulation to remove blood stasis therapy Chin. J. Integr. Med. 18 2012 891 896
6. Q.H. Chen Several examples of clinical application of Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang Chin. J. Inf. TCM 20 2013 84 85
7. W.M. Chen, M. Jin, W. Wu, J.R. Li, and S.D. Yang Inhibition of safflor yellow on rabbit platelet activation induced by platelet activating factor Chin. Pharm. J. 35 2000 741 744
8. J.X. Cheng, Z.J. Zhu, G. Liang, M.Z. He, F.S. Cai, and M.A. Zhang The effects of Ligusticu Chuanxiong Hort and Carthamus Tinctorius L on the immune system in rats Pract. Clin. J. Integr. Tradit. Chin. West. Med. 6 1993 261 262
9. 2-induced dysfunction and oxidative damage in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells Phytother. Res. 24 2010 1037 1041
10. S.Y. Chor, A.Y. Hui, K.F. To, K.K. Chan, Y.Y. Go, H.L.Y. Chan, W.K. Leung, and J.J.Y. Sung Anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of herbal medicine on hepatic stellate cell J. Ethnopharmacol. 100 2005 180 186
11. Committee for the Pharmacopoeia of PR China, Pharmacopoeia of PR China, Part I, 2010, China Medical Science and Technology Press; Beijing
12. Z.M. Feng, J. He, J.S. Jiang, Z. Chen, Y.N. Yang, and P.C. Zhang NMR solution structure study of the representative component hydroxysafflor yellow A and other quinochalcone C-glycpsides from Carthamus tinctorius J. Nat. Prod. 34 2013 487 495
13. U. Gecgel, M. Demirci, E. Esendal, and M. Tasan Fatty acid composition of the oil from developing seeds of different varieties of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 2007 47 54
14. H.Z. Gu, C. Zhao, and N.P. Shi The influence of safflower decoction on platelet aggregation Chin. J. Hemorheol. 4 1994 48 49
15. S.Y. Han, H.X. Li, C.C. Bai, L. Wang, and P.F. Tu Component analysis and free radical-scavenging potential of Panax notoginseng and Carthamus tinctorius extracts Chem. Biodivers. 7 2010 383 391
16. S.Y. Han, H.X. Li, X. Ma, K. Zhang, Z.Z. Ma, and P.F. Tu Protective effects of purified safflower extract on myocardial ischemia in vivo and in vitro Phytomedicine 16 2009 694 702
17. M. Hattori, X.L. Huang, Q.M. Che, Y. Kawata, Y. Tezuka, T Kikuchi, and T. Namba 6-hydroxykaempferol and its glycosides from Carthamus tinctorius petal Phytochemistry 31 1992 4001 4004
18. J. He, Y. Shen, and J.S. Jiang et al. New polyacetylene glucosides from the florets of Carthamus tinctorius and their weak anti-inflammatory activities Carbohydr. Res. 346 2011 1903 1908
19. M. Hiramatsu, T. Takahashi, M. Komatsu, T. Kido, and M. Kasahara Antioxidant and neuroprotective activities of Mogami-benibana (Safflower, Carthamus tinctorius Linne) Neurochem. Res. 34 2009 795 805
20. Y. Hotta, T. Muto, X.L. Lu, M. Yajima, N. Ishikkawa, and K. Miyazeki et al. Protective effects of antioxidative serotonin derivatives isolated from safflower against postischemic myocardial dysfunction Mol. Cell. Biochem. 238 2002 151 162
21. http://www.sda.com.cn.
22. http://www.zysj.com.cn.
23. H. Huang, M.L. Yu, S.K. Zhai, M.L. Shen, and C.Q. Song Study on the activity of polysaccharide of safflower Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs 15 1984 21 24
24. D.B. Ji, L.Y. Zhang, C.L. Li, J. Ye, and H.B. Zhu Effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A on human umbilical vein endothelial cells under hypoxia Vasc. Pharmacol. 50 2009 137 145
25. D.B. Ji, M.C. Zhu, B. Zhu, Y.Z. Zhu, C.L. Li, J. Ye, and H.B. Zhu Hydroxysafflor yellow A enhances survival of vascular endothelial cells under hypoxia via upregulation of the HIF-1α-VEGF pathway and regulation of bcl-2/bax J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 52 2008 191 202
26. J.S. Jiang Studies on the chemical constituents and bioactivities of Carthamus tinctorius L Beijing: Chin. Acad. Med. Sci. Peking Union Med. Coll 2008
27. J.S. Jiang, Z. Chen, Y.N. Yang, Z.M. Feng, and P.C. Zhang Two new glycosides from the florets of Carthamus tinctorius J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 15 2013 427 432
28. J.S. Jiang, J. He, Z.M. Feng, and P.C. Zhang Two new quinochalcones from the florets of Carthamus tinctorius Org. Lett. 12 2010 1196 1199
29. J.S. Jiang, L. Lu, and Y.L. Yang et al. New spermidines from the florets of Carthamus tinctorius J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 10 2008 447 451
30. M. Jin, Z.C. Gao, and J.F. Wang Research on the inhibitory effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A on the rabbit platelet activation induced by platelet activating factor J. Beijing Univ. TCM 27 2004 32 35
31. M. Jin, W. Wu, W.M. Chen, and J.R. Li Inhibition of safflor yellow against the binding of platelet activating factor to its receptor in vitro Chin. Pharm. J. 36 2001 167 169
32. M.S. Jun, Y.M. Ha, H.S. Kim, H.J. Jang, Y.M. Kim, and Y.S. Lee Anti-inflammatory action of methanol extract of Carthamus tinctorius involves in hemeoxygenase-1 induction J. Ethnopharmacol. 133 2011 524 530
33. T. Kanehira, S. Takekoshi, H. Nagata, and K. Matsuzaki et al. A novel and potent biological antioxidant, Kinobeon A, from cell culture of safflower Life Sci. 74 2003 87 97
34. K. Kazyma, Y. Takahashi, K. Saito, H. Takeuchi, T. Matsumoto, and T. Qkuno Quinochalcones and flavonoids from fresh florets in different cultivars of Carthamus tinctorius L Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 64 2000 1588 1599
35. M.N. Kim, Scao-Bogaert F. Le, and M. Paris Flavonoids from Carthamus tinctorius flowers Planta Med. 58 1992 285 286
36. S.Y. Kim, J.Y. Hwang, H.R. Yoon, and Y.S. Paik Antioxidative phenolics from the petals of Carthamus tinctorius J. Appl. Biol. Chem. 50 2007 304 307
37. N. Koyama, K. Suzuki, Y. Furukawa, H. Arisaka, and T. Seki Effects of safflower seed extract supplementation on oxidation and cardiovascular risk markers in healthy human volunteers Br. J. Nutr. 101 2009 568 575
38. J.Y. Lee, E.J. Chang, H.J. Kim, J.H. Park, and S.W. Choi Antioxidative flavonoids from leaves of Carthamus tinctorius Arch. Pharm. Res. 25 2002 313 319
39. F. Li, Z.S. He, and Y. Ye Flavonoids from Carthamus tinctorius Chin. J. Chem. 20 2002 699 702
40. H.M. Li Clinical effect of Honghua injection on coronary disease and angina pectoris China J. Guang Ming Chin. Med. 27 2012 83 84
41. H.X. Li, S.Y. Han, X.W. Wang, X. Ma, K. Zhang, L. Wang, Z.Z. Ma, and P.F. Tu Effect of the carthamins yellow from Carthamus tinctorius L. on hemorheological disorders of blood stasis in rats Food Chem. Toxicol. 47 2009 1797 1802
42. M.B. Li, Q. Yang, and X.Y. Chen Clinical study of Honghua injection in the treatment of acute gouty arthritis China Med. Pharm. 1 2011 123 124
43. Y.H. Li, and N.S. Wang Antithrombotic effects of Danggui, Honghua and potential drug interaction with clopidogrel J. Ethnopharmacol. 128 2010 623 628
44. Y.M. Li, and Q.M. Che Studies on chemical components of Carthamus tinctorius petals Acta Pharm. Sin. 33 1998 626 628
45. W. Lin, M. Jin, B.X. Zang, and Y. Wu Inhibitory effect of safflor yellow on pulmonary fibrosis Biol. Pharm. Bull. 34 2011 511 516
46. H.N. Liu, W.B. Wu, and Y.L. Zhang Study on the genetic toxicity of Honghua Chin. J. Pharm. Econ. 2 2012 156 157
47. 45Ca Appl. Radiat. Isotopes 63 2005 151 155
48. Y.M. Liu, J.S. Yang, and Q.H. Liu Studies on chemical constituents from the flowers of Carthamus tinctorius L J. Chin. Med. Mater. 28 2005 288 289
49. Wings T.Y. Loo, Mary N.B. Cheung, and Louis W.C. Chow The inhibitory effect of a herbal formula comprising ginseng and Carthamus tinctorius on breast cancer Life Sci. 76 2004 191 200
50. Z.W. Lu, F. Liu, J. Hu, D. Bian, and G.F. Li Suppressive effects of safflower yellow on immune functions Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 12 1991 537 542
51. J. Luo, Z.P. Fang, L.M. Zhou, and S.T. Lai Effects of Carthamus tinctorius injection on bcl-2, caspase-3 expression related to neurons apoptosis after local cerebral ischemia J. Chin. Mater. Med. 29 2004 977 980
52. 2+ antagonistic activity of Tinctormine Chem. Pharm. Bull. 41 1993 1796 1802
53. M. Mirhoseini, M. Mohamadpour, and L. Khorsandi Toxic effects of Carthamus tinctorius L. (safflower) extract on mouse spermatogenesis J. Assisted Reprod. Genet. 29 2012 457 461
54. P.H. Nie, L. Zhang, W.H. Zhang, W.F. Rong, and J.M. Zhi The effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A on blood pressure and cardiac function J. Ethnopharmacol. 139 2012 746 750
55. M. Nobakht, M. Fattahi, M. Hoormand, I. Milanian, N. Rahbar, and M. Mahmoudian A study on the teratogenic and cytotoxic effects of safflower extract J. Ethnopharmacol. 73 2000 453 459
56. E.N. Novruzov, and L.A. Shamsizade Anthocyanins of Carthamus species Chem. Nat. Compd. 34 1999 514 515
57. J.-I. Onodera, H. Obara, and R. Hirose et al. The structure of Safflomin C, a constituent of safflower Chem. Lett. 1989 1571 1574
58. J.-I. Onodera, H. Obara, M. Osone, Y. Maruyama, and S. Sato The structure of safflomin-A, a component of safflower yellow Chem. Lett. 1981 433 436
59. Y. Pan, D.Y. Zheng, Y. Meng, Q. Zhang, J. Gong, S.M. Liu, and H.Y. Xu Hydroxysafflor yellow A attenuates lymphostatic encephalopathy-induced brain injury in rats Phytother. Res. 26 2012 1500 1506
60. J.S. Roh, J.Y. Han, J.H. Kim, and J.K. Hwang Inhibitory effects of active compounds isolated from safflower (Cathamus tinctorius L.) seeds for melanogenesis Chem. Pharm. Bull. 27 2004 1976 1978
61. S. Sakamura, Y. Terayama, S. Kawakatsu, A. Ichihara, and S. Hideya Conjugated serotonins related to cathartic activity in safflower seeds (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Agric. Biol. Chem. 42 1978 1805 1806
62. S. Sakamura, Y. Terayama, S. Kawakatsu, A. Ichihara, and S. Hideya Conjugated serotonins and phenolics constituents in safflower seed (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Agric. Biol. Chem. 44 1980 2951 2954
63. H. Sato, H. Kawagishi, and T. Nishimura et al. Serotobenine, a novel phenolic amide from safflower seeds (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Agric. Biol. Chem. 49 1985 2969 2974
64. L.Q. Shan, S. Ma, X.C. Qiu, Y. Zhou, L.H. Zheng, and P.C. Ren et al. Hydroxysafflower yellow A protects spinal cords from ischemia/reperfusion injury in rabbits BMC Neurosci. 11 2010 98
65. Y. Takahashi, K. Saito, M. Yanagiya, M. Ikura, K. Hikichi, T. Matsumoto, and M. Wada Chemical constitution of safflor yellow B, a quinochalcone C-glycoside from the flower petals of Carthamus tinctorius L Tetrahedron Lett. 25 1984 2471 2474
66. D.C. Tang Science of Chinese Materia Medica 2003 Publishing House of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai
67. J.W. Tian, G.S. Li, Z.F. Liu, and F.H. Fu Hydroxysafflower yellow A inhibits rat brain mitochondrial permeability transition pores by a free radical scavenging action Pharmacology 82 2008 121 126
68. L.H. Wan, J. Chen, L. Li, W.B. Xiong, and L.M. Zhou Protective effects of Carthamus tinctorius injection on isoprenaline-induced myocardial injury in rats Pharm. Biol. 49 2011 1204 1209
69. C.C. Wang, C.S. Choy, Y.H. Liu, and K.P. Cheah et al. Protective effect of dried safflower petal aqueous extract and its main constituent, carthamus yellow, against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages J. Sci. Food Agric. 91 2011 218 225
70. C.Y. Wang, Q. Liu, Q.X. Huang, J.T. Liu, Y.H. He, J.J. Lu, and X.Y. Bai Activation of PPARγis required for hydroxysafflower yellow A of Carthamus tinctorius to attenuate hepatic fibrosis induced by oxidative stress Phytomedicine 20 2013 592 599
71. C.Y. Wang, H.M. Ma, S.P. Zhang, Y.F. Wang, J.T. Liu, and X.H. Xiao Safflor yellow B suppresses pheochromocytoma cell (PC12) injury induced by oxidative stress via antioxidant system and Bcl-2/Bax pathway Naunyn-Schmiedberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 380 2009 135 142
72. X.W. Wang Clinical observation of safflower Yellow in combination with low molecular weight heparin to treat unstable angina Public Med. Forum Mag. 16 2012 462 463
73. Z.M. Wang, Y.H. Chen, and Y.Q. Chen Flos Carthami 2001 Chinese TCM Publishing House Beijing
74. 4-induced liver damage in rats via the Nrf2 pathway J. Ethnopharmacol. 148 2013 570 578
75. Y.X. Wu, and D.J. Li Carthami Flos Beijing 1982 China Agriculture Press
76. P.G. Xiao Modern Chinese Material Medica Vol 2 2002 Chemical Industrial Press Beijing
77. R.N. Yadava, and N. Chakravarti Anti-inflammatory activity of a new triterpenoid saponin from Carthamus tinctorius Linn J. Enzym. Inhibition Med. Chem. 23 2008 543 548
78. Q. Yang, Z.F. Yang, S.B. Liu, X.N. Zhang, and Y. Hou et al. Neuroprotective effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A against excitotoxic neuronal death partially through down-regulation of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors Neurochem. Res. 35 2010 1353 1360
79. Q.B. Yang, H.J. Tian, and L.N. He Observation of the clinical efficacy of Dan Hong injection in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction China J. Misdiagn. 12 2012 1809
80. H.B. Yin, Z.S. He, and Y. Ye Cartorimine, a new cycloheptenone oxide derivative from Carthamus tinctorius J. Nat. Prod. 63 2000 1164 1165
81. H.B. Yin, and Z.S. He A novel semi-quinone chalcone sharing a pyrrole ring C-glycoside from Carthamus tinctorius Tetrahedron Lett. 41 2000 1955 1958
82. H.H. Yoo, J.H. Park, and S.W. Kwon An anti-estrogenic lignan glycoside, tracheloside, from seeds of Carthamus tinctorius Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 70 2006 2783 2785
83. H.R Yoon, H.G. Han, and Y.S. Paik Flavonoid glycosides with antioxidant activity from the petals of Carthamus tinctorius J. Appl. Biol. Chem. 50 2007 175 178
84. H.R. Yoon, and Y.S. Paik Isolation of two quinochalcones from Carthamus tinctorius J. Appl. Biol. Chem. 51 2008 169 171
85. H.R. Yoon, and Y.S. Paik Radical-scavenging activities of four quinochalcones of safflower J. Appl. Biol. Chem. 51 2008 346 348
86. L. Yu, and Y. Dong et al. Study on the long-term toxicity of Compound safflower dripping pill on rats Lishizhen Med. Mater. Med. Res. 22 2011 103 105
87. 2 Am. J. Chin. Med. 30 2002 95 108
88. B.X. Zang, M. Jin, N. Si, Y. Zhang, W. Wu, and Y.Z. Piao Antagonistic effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A on the platelet activating factor receptor Acta Pharm. Sin. 37 2002 696 699
89. H.L. Zhang, A. Nagatsu, and T. Watanabe et al. Antioxidative compounds isolated from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Chem. Pharm. Bul. 45 1997 1910 1914
90. Q. Zhang, J.H. Peng, and X.N. Zhang A clinical study of safflower yellow injection in treating coronary heart disease angina pectoris with Xin-blood stagnation syndrome Chin. J. Integr. Med. 11 2005 222 225
91. S.P. Zhang, and C.F. Xu Summary of the clinical application of Honghua J. Chin. Mater. Med. 22 1997 439 440
92. S.Q. Zhang, and L.D. Jiang Effect of safflower injection on cardiac energy charge and anti-apoptosis gene bcl-2 in rats' heart Chin. J. Integr. Tradit. West. Med. 24 2004 442
93. Y.B. Zhang, J. Guo, H.Y. Dong, X.M. Zhao, L. Zhou, X.Y. Li, J.C. Liu, and Y.C. Niu Hydroxysafflor yellow A protects against chronic carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis Eur. J. Pharmacol. 660 2011 438 444
94. 10-(E)-tri-p-coumaroylspermidine isolated from Carthamus tinctorius L. and acting by serotonin transporter inhibition Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 19 2009 749 758
95. J.M. Zhao, W.Y. Qin, Y. Qi, H. Chen, D.F. Song, and H. Liu Anticoagulant activity of carthamine and its effect on platelet aggregation Lab. Anim. Sci. 26 2009 30 32
96. M.B. Zhao, X.L. Deng, and Y.L. Wang et al. Establishment of chromatographic fingerprint and quality assessment of Carthamus tinctorius L. by high performance liquid chromatography Acta Pharm. Sin. 39 2004 212 216
97. Y.Z. Zhou, H. Chen, L. Qiao, N. Xu, J.Q. Cao, and Y.H. Pei Two new compounds from Carthamus tinctorius J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 10 2008 429 433
98. Y.Z. Zhou, H.Y. Ma, H. Chen, and L. Qiao et al. New acetylenic glucosides from Carthamus tinctorius Chem. Pharm. Bull. 54 2006 1455 1456
99. Y.Z. Zhou, L. Qiao, H. Chen, R.F. Li, H.M. Hua, and Y.H. Pei New aromatic glucosides from Carthamus tinctorius J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 10 2008 817 821
100. H.B. Zhu, Z.H. Wang, J.W. Tian, F.H. Fu, K. Liu, and C.L. Li Protective effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A on experimental cerebral ischemia in rats Acta Pharm. Sin. 40 2005 1144 1146
101. H.B. Zhu, L. Zhang, Z.H. Wang, J.W. Tian, F.H. Fu, K. Liu, and C.L. Li Therapeutic effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A on focal cerebral ischemic injury in rats and its primary mechanisms J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 7 2005 607 613