Branch chain amino acids: Biomarkers of health and disease

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

Volumn 17, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 86-89

  Batch, Bryan C ^a,b   Hyland, Kristen ^a   Svetkey, Laura P ^b  

^a Department of Medicine   (United States)

^b DUKE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Branch chain amino acids; Cardiovascular disease; Cerebrovascular disease; Insulin resistance; Renal disease; Type 2 diabetes

Indexed keywords

AMINO ACID; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; BRANCH CHAIN AMINO ACID; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; CLINICAL PRACTICE; DIETARY INTAKE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE MARKER; DISEASE SEVERITY; FAT INTAKE; HEALTH STATUS; HUMAN; INSULIN RESISTANCE; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; KIDNEY DISEASE; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NONHUMAN; PANCREAS ISLET BETA CELL; PANCREAS ISLET CELL FUNCTION; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT;

AMINO ACIDS, BRANCHED-CHAIN; ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; HUMANS; INSULIN RESISTANCE; ISCHEMIA; RENAL INSUFFICIENCY, CHRONIC; STROKE;

EID: 84890931383     PISSN: 13631950     EISSN: 14736519     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000010     Document Type: Review

References (17)

1. Wildman RP, Muntner P, Reynolds K, et al. The obese without cardiometabolic risk factor clustering and the normal weight with cardiometabolic risk factor clustering: prevalence and correlates of2 phenotypesamongtheUSpopulation (NHANES 1999-2004). Arch Intern Med 2008; 168: 1617-1624.
2. Felig P, Marliss E, Cahill GF Jr. Plasma amino acid levels and insulin secretion in obesity. N Engl J Med 1969; 281: 811-816.
3. Xu Q, Vu H, Liu L, et al. Metabolic profiles show specific mitochondrial toxicities in vitro in myotube cells. J Biomol NMR 2011; 49: 207-219.
4. Patel MJ, Batch BC, Svetkey LP, et al. Race and sex differences in smallmolecule metabolites and metabolic hormones in overweight and obese adults. Omics 2013; In press.
5. Newgard CB, An J, Bain JR, et al. A branched-chain amino acid-related metabolic signature that differentiates obese and lean humans and contributes to insulin resistance. Cell Metab 2009; 9: 311-326.
6. Batch BC, Shah SH, Newgard CB, et al. Branched chain amino acids are novel biomarkers for discrimination of metabolic wellness. Metabolism 2013; 62: 961-969. This article demonstrates that BCAAs can discriminate individuals who have cardiometabolic disease, independent of BMI.
7. Newgard CB. Interplay between lipids and branched-chain amino acids in development of insulin resistance. Cell Metab 2012; 15: 606-614. This article provides a review of the relationship of BCAAs to insulin resistance and, to date, provides an explanation for the role lipids play in this relationship. It also offers potential mechanisms for the interplay of lipids and BCAA.
8. McCormack SE, Shaham O, McCarthy MA, et al. Circulating branched-chain amino acid concentrations are associated with obesity and future insulin resistance in children and adolescents. Pediatr Obes 2013; 8: 52-61.
9. Mihalik SJ, Michaliszyn SF, de las Heras J, et al. Metabolomic profiling of fatty acid and amino acid metabolism in youth with obesity and type 2 diabetes: evidence for enhanced mitochondrial oxidation. Diabetes Care 2012; 35: 605-611.
10. Michaliszyn SF, Sjaarda LA, Mihalik SJ, et al. Metabolomic profiling of amino acids and beta-cell function relative to insulin sensitivity in youth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 97:E2119-E2124.
11. Xu F, Tavintharan S, Sum CF, et al. Metabolic signature shift in type 2 diabetes mellitus revealed by mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. J Clin Endocrinol Metabol 2013; 98:E1060-E1065.
12. Melnik BC. Leucine signaling in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and obesity. World J Diabetes 2012; 3: 38-53.
13. Wang TJ, Larson MG, Vasan RS, et al. Metabolite profiles and the risk of developing diabetes. Nat Med 2011; 17: 448-453.
14. Shah SH, Sun JL, Stevens RD, et al. Baseline metabolomic profiles predict cardiovascular events in patients at risk for coronary artery disease. Am Heart J 2012; 163: 844-850. This study shows that circulating BCAA levels are associated with mortality and, when added to a risk prediction model with other metabolites, leads to more refined risk prediction.
15. Magnusson M, Lewis GD, Ericson U, et al. A diabetes-predictive amino acid score and future cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J 2013; 34: 1982-1989.
16. Kumar MA, Bitla AR, Raju KV, et al. Branched chain amino acid profile in early chronic kidney disease. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2012; 23: 1202-1207. This study shows that BCAA levels are potential biomarkers of early chronic kidney disease.
17. Kimberly WT, Wang Y, Pham L, et al.Metabolite profiling identifies a branched chain amino acid signature in acute cardioembolic stroke. Stroke 2013; 44: 1389-1395. This study shows that circulating BCAAs are associated with the severity of ischemic stroke and worse outcomes after stroke.