Ziv-afibercept in metastatic colorectal cancer

Biologics: Targets and Therapy

Volumn 8, Issue , 2013, Pages 13-25

  Patel, Anuj ^a   Sun, Weijing ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Afibercept; Angiogenesis; Colorectal cancer

Indexed keywords

AFLIBERCEPT; BEVACIZUMAB; FLUOROURACIL; FOLINIC ACID; IRINOTECAN; OXALIPLATIN; RANIBIZUMAB; REGORAFENIB;

ANTIANGIOGENIC ACTIVITY; ANTIANGIOGENIC THERAPY; ARTERIAL THROMBOEMBOLISM; ASTHENIA; BLEEDING; BONE MARROW SUPPRESSION; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; DIARRHEA; DIGESTIVE SYSTEM PERFORATION; DRUG ACTIVITY; DRUG APPROVAL; DRUG DOSE ESCALATION; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG RESPONSE; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; DYSPHONIA; FATIGUE; FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA; HEADACHE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; KIDNEY FAILURE; METASTATIC COLORECTAL CANCER; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; NEUTROPENIA; OVERALL SURVIVAL; POSTERIOR REVERSIBLE ENCEPHALOPATHY SYNDROME; PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL; PROTEINURIA; RASH; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SKIN MANIFESTATION; STOMATITIS; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; WOUND HEALING;

EID: 84890526897     PISSN: 11775475     EISSN: 11775491     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2147/BTT.S39360     Document Type: Review

References (91)

1. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer. 2010;127(12):2893-2917.
2. Bartlett DL, Chu E. Can metastatic colorectal cancer be cured? Oncology (Williston Park). 2012;26(3):266-275.
3. Gallagher DJ, Kemeny N. Metastatic colorectal cancer: from improved survival to potential cure. Oncology. 2010;78(3-4):237-248.
4. Carmeliet P, Jain RK. Angiogenesis in cancer and other diseases. Nature. 2000;407(6801):249-257.
5. Ferrara N, Gerber H P, LeCouter J. The biology of VEGF and its receptors. Nat Med. 2003;9(6):669-676.
6. Verheul HM, Voest EE, Schlingemann RO. Are tumours angiogenesis-dependent? J Pathol. 2004;202(1):5-13.
7. Zetter BR. Angiogenesis and tumor metastasis. Annu Rev Med. 1998;49:407-424.
8. Folkman J. Anti-angiogenesis: new concept for therapy of solid tumors. Ann Surg. 1972;175(3):409-416.
9. Bergers G, Benjamin LE. Tumorigenesis and the angiogenic switch. Nat Rev Cancer. 2003;3(6):401-410.
10. Rafi S, Lyden D, Benezra R, Hattori K, Heissig B. Vascular and haematopoietic stem cells: novel targets for anti-angiogenesis therapy? Nat Rev Cancer. 2002;2(11):826-835.
11. Zadeh G, Koushan K, Baoping Q, Shannon P, Guha A. Role of angio-poietin-2 in regulating growth and vascularity of astrocytomas. J Oncol. 2010;2010:659231.
12. Weidner N. Intratumor microvessel density as a prognostic factor in cancer. Am J Pathol. 1995;147(1):9-19.
13. Catalano V, Turdo A, Di Franco S, Dieli F, Todaro M, Stassi G. Tumor and its microenvironment: A synergistic interplay. Semin Cancer Biol. 2013.
14. Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factor: basic science and clinical progress. Endocr Rev. 2004;25(4):581-611.
15. Nagy JA, Vasile E, Feng D, et al. Vascular permeability factor/ vascular endothelial growth factor induces lymphangiogenesis as well as angiogenesis. J Exp Med. 2002;196(11):1497-1506.
16. Kerbel RS. Tumor angiogenesis. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(19): 2039-2049.
17. Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factor as a target for anticancer therapy. Oncologist. 2004;9 Suppl 1:2-10.
18. Hicklin DJ, Ellis LM. Role of the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway in tumor growth and angiogenesis. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(5):1011-1027.
19. Shweiki D, Itin A, Soffer D, Keshet E. Vascular endothelial growth factor induced by hypoxia may mediate hypoxia-initiated angiogenesis. Nature. 1992;359(6398):843-845.
20. Sun W. Angiogenesis in metastatic colorectal cancer and the benefts of targeted therapy. J Hematol Oncol. 2012;5:63.
21. Kut C, Mac Gabhann F, Popel AS. Where is VEGF in the body? A meta-analysis of VEGF distribution in cancer. Br J Cancer. 2007;97(7):978-985.
22. Dvorak HF. Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor: a critical cytokine in tumor angiogenesis and a potential target for diagnosis and therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20(21):4368-4380.
23. Shibuya M. Differential roles of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 and receptor-2 in angiogenesis. J Biochem Mol Biol. 2006;39(5):469-478.
24. Shibuya M. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1/ Flt-1): a dual regulator for angiogenesis. Angiogenesis. 2006;9(4):225-230; discussion 231.
25. Anisimov A, Leppänen VM, Tvorogov D, et al. The basis for the distinct biological activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 ligands. Sci Signal. 2013;6(282):ra52.
26. Fischer C, Mazzone M, Jonckx B, Carmeliet P. FLT1 and its ligands VEGFB and PlGF: drug targets for anti-angiogenic therapy? Nat Rev Cancer. 2008;8(12):942-956.
27. Pavco PA, Bouhana KS, Gallegos AM, et al. Antitumor and anti-metastatic activity of ribozymes targeting the messenger RNA of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Clin Cancer Res. 2000;6(5):2094-2103.
28. Hiratsuka S, Maru Y, Okada A, Seiki M, Noda T, Shibuya M. Involvement of Flt-1 tyrosine kinase (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1) in pathological angiogenesis. Cancer Res. 2001;61(3):1207-1213.
29. Carmeliet P, Moons L, Luttun A, et al. Synergism between vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor contributes to angiogenesis and plasma extravasation in pathological conditions. Nat Med. 2001;7(5):575-583.
30. Xu L, Cochran DM, Tong RT, et al. Placenta growth factor overexpres-sion inhibits tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis by depleting vascular endothelial growth factor homodimers in orthotopic mouse models. Cancer Res. 2006;66(8):3971-3977.
31. Cao D, Hou M, Guan YS, Jiang M, Yang Y, Gou HF. Expression of HIF-1alpha and VEGF in colorectal cancer: association with clinical outcomes and prognostic implications. BMC Cancer. 2009; 9:432.
32. Yonekura H, Sakurai S, Liu X, et al. Placenta growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor B and C expression in microvas-cular endothelial cells and pericytes. Implication in autocrine and paracrine regulation of angiogenesis. J Biol Chem. 1999;274(49): 35172-35178.
33. Nash AD, Baca M, Wright C, Scotney PD. The biology of vascular endothelial growth factor-B (VEGF-B). Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2006;19(1):61-69.
34. Zhang F, Tang Z, Hou X, et al. VEGF-B is dispensable for blood vessel growth but critical for their survival, and VEGF-B targeting inh, ibits pathological angiogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106(15):6152-6157.
35. Jayasinghe C, Simiantonaki N, Kirkpatrick CJ. VEGF-B expression in colorectal carcinomas and its relevance for tumor progression. Histol Histopathol. 2013;28(5):647-653.
36. Jussila L, Alitalo K. Vascular growth factors and lymphangiogen-esis. Physiol Rev. 2002;82(3):673-700.
37. Wang TB, Chen ZG, Wei XQ, Wei B, Dong WG. Serum vascular endothelial growth factor-C and lymphoangiogenesis are associated with the lymph node metastasis and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. ANZ J Surg. 2011;81(10):694-699.
38. Stacker SA, Achen MG. The VEGF signaling pathway in cancer: the road ahead. Chin J Cancer. 2013;32(6):297-302.
39. Su JL, Ye n CJ, Chen PS, et al. The role of the VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 axis in cancer progression. Br J Cancer. 2007;96(4):541-545.
40. Martins SF, Garcia EA, Luz MA, Pardal F, Rodrigues M, Filho AL. Clinicopathological correlation and prognostic signifcance of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 expression in colorectal cancer. Cancer Genomics Proteomics. 2013;10(2):55-67.
41. Huang H, Bhat A, Woodnutt G, Lappe R. Targeting the ANGPT-TIE2 pathway in malignancy. Nat Rev Cancer. 2010;10(8):575-585.
42. Qiao L, Wong BC. Role of Notch signaling in colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2009;30(12):1979-1986.
43. Jubb AM, Turley H, Moeller HC, et al. Expression of delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) and markers of hypoxia in colon cancer. Br J Cancer. 2009;101(10):1749-1757.
44. Benedito R, Rocha SF, Woeste M, et al. Notch-dependent VEGFR3 upregulation allows angiogenesis without VEGF-VEGFR2 signalling. Nature. 2012;484(7392):110-114.
45. Hanrahan V, Currie MJ, Gunningham S P, et al. The angiogenic switch for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence during colorectal cancer progression. J Pathol. 2003;200(2):183-194.
46. Kang SM, Maeda K, Onoda N, et al. Combined analysis of p53 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in colorectal carcinoma for determination of tumor vascularity and liver metastasis. Int J Cancer. 1997;74(5):502-507.
47. Rmali KA, Puntis MC, Jiang WG. Tumour-associated angiogenesis in human colorectal cancer. Colorectal Dis. 2007;9(1):3-14.
48. Saif M W. Anti-VEGF agents in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): are they all alike? Cancer Manag Res. 2013;5:103-115.
49. Sung CY, Son MW, Ahn TS, Jung DJ, Lee MS, Baek MJ. Expression of placenta growth factor in colorectal carcinomas. J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2012;28(6):315-320.
50. Hurwitz H, Fehrenbacher L, Novotny W, et al. Bevacizumab plus iri-notecan, fuorouracil, and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(23):2335-2342.
51. Giantonio BJ, Catalano PJ, Meropol NJ, et al; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study E3200. Bevacizumab in combination with oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFOX4) for previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer: results from the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study E3200. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25(12):1539-1544.
52. Chen HX, Cleck JN. Adverse effects of anticancer agents that target the VEGF pathway. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2009;6(8):465-477.
53. Nalluri SR, Chu D, Keresztes R, Zhu X, Wu S. Risk of venous throm-boembolism with the angiogenesis inhibitor bevacizumab in cancer patients: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2008;300(19):2277-2285.
54. Holash J, Davis S, Papadopoulos N, et al. VEGF-Trap: a VEGF blocker with potent antitumor effects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99(17):11393-11398.
55. Wilhelm SM, Dumas J, Adnane L, et al. Regorafenib (BAY 73-4506): a new oral multikinase inhibitor of angiogenic, stromal and oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases with potent preclinical antitumor activity. Int J Cancer. 2011;129(1):245-255.
56. Grothey A, Van Cutsem E, Sobrero A, et al; CORRECT Study Group. Regorafenib monotherapy for previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer (CORRECT): an international, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2013;381(9863):303-312.
57. Rudge JS, Holash J, Hylton D, et al. VEGF Trap complex formation measures production rates of VEGF, providing a biomarker for predicting effcacious angiogenic blockade. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007;104(47):18363-18370.
58. Papadopoulos N, Martin J, Ruan Q, et al. Binding and neutralization of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and related ligands by VEGF Trap, ranibizumab and bevacizumab. Angiogenesis. 2012;15(2): 171-185.
59. Gaya A, Tse V. A preclinical and clinical review of afibercept for the management of cancer. Cancer Treat Rev. 2012;38(5):484-493.
60. Lockhart AC, Rothenberg ML, Dupont J, et al. Phase I study of intravenous vascular endothelial growth factor trap, afibercept, in patients with advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(2):207-214.
61. Yoshino T, Yamazaki K, Yamaguchi K, et al. A phase I study of intravenous aflibercept with FOLFIRI in Japanese patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer. Invest New Drugs. 2013;31(4):910-917.
62. Van Cutsem E, Khayat D, Verslype C, et al. Phase I dose-escalation study of intravenous afibercept administered in combination with irinotecan, 5-fuorouracil and leucovorin in patients with advanced solid tumours. Eur J Cancer. 2013;49(1):17-24.
63. Khayat D, Tejpar S, Spano J P, et al. Intravenous afibercept administered in combination with irinotecan, 5-fuorouracil and leucovorin in patients with advanced solid tumours: results from the expansion cohort of a phase I study. Eur J Cancer. 2013;49(4):790-797.
64. Tang PA, Cohen SJ, Kollmannsberger C, et al. Phase II clinical and phar-macokinetic study of afibercept in patients with previously treated meta-static colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2012;18(21): 6023-6031.
65. Van Cutsem E, Peeters M, Siena S, et al. Open-label phase III trial of panitumumab plus best supportive care compared with best supportive care alone in patients with chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorec-tal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25(13):1658-1664.
66. Karapetis CS, Khambata-Ford S, Jonker DJ, et al. K-ras mutations and beneft from cetuximab in advanced colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(17):1757-1765.
67. Pericay C, Folprecht G, Saunders M, et al. Phase 2 randomized, non-comparative, open-label study of afibercept and modifed FOLFOX6 in the frst-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (AFFIRM). Ann Oncol. 2012;23(Supplement 4):416.
68. Van Cutsem E, Tabernero J, Lakomy R, et al. Addition of afibercept to fuorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan improves survival in a phase III randomized trial in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer previously treated with an oxaliplatin-based regimen. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(28): 3499-3506.
69. Ruff P, Ferry D, Papamichael D, Lakomy R. O-0017 observed ben-eft of afibercept in mCRC patients $65 years old: results of a pre-specifed age-based analysis of the VELOUR study. Ann Oncol. 2013; 24(4):418.
70. Folkman J. Tumor angiogenesis: therapeutic implications. N Engl J Med. 1971;285(21):1182-1186.
71. Chu E. An update on the current and emerging targeted agents in meta-static colorectal cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2012;11(1):1-13.
72. Troiani T, Martinelli E, Orditura M, De Vita F, Ciardiello F, Morgillo F. Beyond bevacizumab: new anti-VEGF strategies in colorectal cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2012;21(7):949-959.
73. Petrelli F, Borgonovo K, Cabiddu M, et al. FOLFIRI-bevacizumab as frst-line chemotherapy in 3500 patients with advanced colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of 29 published trials. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2013;12(3):145-151.
74. Saltz LB, Clarke S, Díaz-Rubio E, et al. Bevacizumab in combination with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy as frst-line therapy in meta-static colorectal cancer: a randomized phase III study. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26(12):2013-2019.
75. Bennouna J, Sastre J, Arnold D, et al; ML18147 Study Investigators. Continuation of bevacizumab after frst progression in metastatic col-orectal cancer (ML18147): a randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2013;14(1):29-37.
76. Grenon NN. Managing toxicities associated with antiangiogenic biologic agents in combination with chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2013;17(4):425-433.
77. Morlock R, Yu E, Ray J. A cost-effectiveness analysis of bevacizumab (BV) plus chemotherapy (CT) versus afibercept (AFLI) plus CT in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) previously treated with B V. J Clin Oncol (Meeting Abstracts). J Clin Oncol. 2012;(34); abstr 417.
78. Kopetz S, Hoff PM, Morris JS, et al. Phase II trial of infusional fuo-rouracil, irinotecan, and bevacizumab for metastatic colorectal cancer: effcacy and circulating angiogenic biomarkers associated with therapeutic resistance. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(3):453-459.
79. Willett CG, Duda DG, di Tomaso E, et al. Effcacy, safety, and biomark-ers of neoadjuvant bevacizumab, radiation therapy, and fuorouracil in rectal cancer: a multidisciplinary phase II study. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27(18):3020-3026.
80. Loupakis F, Cremolini C, Fioravanti A, et al. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacogenetic angiogenesis-related markers of frst-line FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab schedule in metastatic colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer. 2011;104(8):1262-1269.
81. Fischer C, Jonckx B, Mazzone M, et al. Anti-PlGF inhibits growth of VEGF(R)-inhibitor-resistant tumors without affecting healthy vessels. Cell. 2007;131(3):463-475.
82. Clarke JM, Hurwitz HI. Understanding and targeting resistance to anti-angiogenic therapies. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2013;4(3):253-263.
83. Lieu C, Heymach J, Overman M, Tran H, Kopetz S. Beyond VEGF: inhibition of the fbroblast growth factor pathway and antiangiogenesis. Clin Cancer Res. 2011;17(19):6130-6139.
84. Chen CT, Hung MC. Beyond anti-VEGF: dual-targeting antian-giogenic and antiproliferative therapy. Am J Transl Res. 2013;5(4): 393-403.
85. Moreno Garcia V, Basu B, Molife LR, Kaye SB. Combining antiangio-genics to overcome resistance: rationale and clinical experience. Clin Cancer Res. 2012;18(14):3750-3761.
86. Chau I, Joulain F, Iqbal S. A VELOUR post hoc subset analysis: prognostic groups and treatment outcomes in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with afibercept and FOLFIRI. Annal Oncol. 2013;24(suppl 4):491.
87. Wilson PM, LaBonte MJ, Lenz HJ. Assessing the in vivo effcacy of biologic antiangiogenic therapies. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2013;71(1):1-12.
88. Lambrechts D, Lenz HJ, de Haas S, Carmeliet P, Scherer SJ. Markers of response for the antiangiogenic agent bevacizumab. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31(9):1219-1230.
89. Allegra CJ, Yothers G, O'Connell MJ, et al. Phase III trial assessing bevacizumab in stages II and III carcinoma of the colon: results of NSABP protocol C-08. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(1):11-16.
90. Snoeren N, Voest EE, Bergman AM, et al. A randomized two arm phase III study in patients post radical resection of liver metastases of colorectal cancer to investigate bevacizumab in combination with capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (CAPOX) vs CAPOX alone as adjuvant treatment. BMC Cancer. 2010;10:545.
91. Kemeny NE, Jarnagin WR, Capanu M, et al. Randomized phase II trial of adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion and systemic chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab in patients with resected hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(7):884-889.