메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 10, 2013, Pages

Defective Viral Genomes Arising In Vivo Provide Critical Danger Signals for the Triggering of Lung Antiviral Immunity

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BETA INTERFERON; CD45 ANTIGEN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; INTERFERON; INTERFERON REGULATORY FACTOR 3;

EID: 84887308873     PISSN: 15537366     EISSN: 15537374     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003703     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (120)

References (54)
  • 2
    • 33750976374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5′-Triphosphate RNA is the ligand for RIG-I
    • Hornung V, Ellegast J, Kim S, Brzozka K, Jung A, et al. (2006) 5′-Triphosphate RNA is the ligand for RIG-I. Science 314: 994-997.
    • (2006) Science , vol.314 , pp. 994-997
    • Hornung, V.1    Ellegast, J.2    Kim, S.3    Brzozka, K.4    Jung, A.5
  • 3
    • 46949097299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Length-dependent recognition of double-stranded ribonucleic acids by retinoic acid-inducible gene-I and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5
    • Kato H, Takeuchi O, Mikamo-Satoh E, Hirai R, Kawai T, et al. (2008) Length-dependent recognition of double-stranded ribonucleic acids by retinoic acid-inducible gene-I and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5. J Exp Med 205: 1601-1610.
    • (2008) J Exp Med , vol.205 , pp. 1601-1610
    • Kato, H.1    Takeuchi, O.2    Mikamo-Satoh, E.3    Hirai, R.4    Kawai, T.5
  • 4
    • 33750984771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RIG-I-mediated antiviral responses to single-stranded RNA bearing 5′-phosphates
    • Pichlmair A, Schulz O, Tan CP, Naslund TI, Liljestrom P, et al. (2006) RIG-I-mediated antiviral responses to single-stranded RNA bearing 5′-phosphates. Science 314: 997-1001.
    • (2006) Science , vol.314 , pp. 997-1001
    • Pichlmair, A.1    Schulz, O.2    Tan, C.P.3    Naslund, T.I.4    Liljestrom, P.5
  • 5
    • 75749140581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RIG-I detects viral genomic RNA during negative-strand RNA virus infection
    • Rehwinkel J, Tan CP, Goubau D, Schulz O, Pichlmair A, et al. (2010) RIG-I detects viral genomic RNA during negative-strand RNA virus infection. Cell 140: 397-408.
    • (2010) Cell , vol.140 , pp. 397-408
    • Rehwinkel, J.1    Tan, C.P.2    Goubau, D.3    Schulz, O.4    Pichlmair, A.5
  • 6
    • 68049089651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recognition of 5′ triphosphate by RIG-I helicase requires short blunt double-stranded RNA as contained in panhandle of negative-strand virus
    • Schlee M, Roth A, Hornung V, Hagmann CA, Wimmenauer V, et al. (2009) Recognition of 5′ triphosphate by RIG-I helicase requires short blunt double-stranded RNA as contained in panhandle of negative-strand virus. Immunity 31: 25-34.
    • (2009) Immunity , vol.31 , pp. 25-34
    • Schlee, M.1    Roth, A.2    Hornung, V.3    Hagmann, C.A.4    Wimmenauer, V.5
  • 7
    • 70349328104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutting edge: stealth influenza virus replication precedes the initiation of adaptive immunity
    • Moltedo B, Lopez CB, Pazos M, Becker MI, Hermesh T, et al. (2009) Cutting edge: stealth influenza virus replication precedes the initiation of adaptive immunity. J Immunol 183: 3569-3573.
    • (2009) J Immunol , vol.183 , pp. 3569-3573
    • Moltedo, B.1    Lopez, C.B.2    Pazos, M.3    Becker, M.I.4    Hermesh, T.5
  • 8
    • 84862297105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antagonism of the Interferon-Induced OAS-RNase L Pathway by Murine Coronavirus ns2 Protein Is Required for Virus Replication and Liver Pathology
    • Zhao L, Jha BK, Wu A, Elliott R, Ziebuhr J, et al. (2012) Antagonism of the Interferon-Induced OAS-RNase L Pathway by Murine Coronavirus ns2 Protein Is Required for Virus Replication and Liver Pathology. Cell host & microbe 11: 607-616.
    • (2012) Cell Host & Microbe , vol.11 , pp. 607-616
    • Zhao, L.1    Jha, B.K.2    Wu, A.3    Elliott, R.4    Ziebuhr, J.5
  • 9
    • 0014961824 scopus 로고
    • Defective viral particles and viral disease processes
    • Huang AS, Baltimore D, (1970) Defective viral particles and viral disease processes. Nature 226: 325-327.
    • (1970) Nature , vol.226 , pp. 325-327
    • Huang, A.S.1    Baltimore, D.2
  • 10
    • 0019815485 scopus 로고
    • The origins of defective interfering particles of the negative-strand RNA viruses
    • Lazzarini RA, Keene JD, Schubert M, (1981) The origins of defective interfering particles of the negative-strand RNA viruses. Cell 26: 145-154.
    • (1981) Cell , vol.26 , pp. 145-154
    • Lazzarini, R.A.1    Keene, J.D.2    Schubert, M.3
  • 11
    • 77049195843 scopus 로고
    • Incomplete forms of influenza virus
    • Von Magnus P, (1954) Incomplete forms of influenza virus. Adv Virus Res 2: 59-79.
    • (1954) Adv Virus Res , vol.2 , pp. 59-79
    • Von Magnus, P.1
  • 12
    • 78651303213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defective Interfering RNAs: Foes of Viruses and Friends of Virologists
    • Pathak KB, Nagy PD, (2009) Defective Interfering RNAs: Foes of Viruses and Friends of Virologists. Viruses 1: 895-919.
    • (2009) Viruses , vol.1 , pp. 895-919
    • Pathak, K.B.1    Nagy, P.D.2
  • 13
    • 0024843794 scopus 로고
    • Detection of defective genomes in hepatitis A virus particles present in clinical specimens
    • Nuesch JP, de Chastonay J, Siegl G, (1989) Detection of defective genomes in hepatitis A virus particles present in clinical specimens. The Journal of general virology 70 (Pt 12) (): 3475-3480.
    • (1989) The Journal of General Virology , vol.70 , Issue.Pt 12 , pp. 3475-3480
    • Nuesch, J.P.1    de Chastonay, J.2    Siegl, G.3
  • 14
    • 0025767919 scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B defective virus with rearrangements in the preS gene during chronic HBV infection
    • Gerken G, Kremsdorf D, Capel F, Petit MA, Dauguet C, et al. (1991) Hepatitis B defective virus with rearrangements in the preS gene during chronic HBV infection. Virology 183: 555-565.
    • (1991) Virology , vol.183 , pp. 555-565
    • Gerken, G.1    Kremsdorf, D.2    Capel, F.3    Petit, M.A.4    Dauguet, C.5
  • 15
    • 0029094726 scopus 로고
    • In vivo and in vitro expression of defective hepatitis B virus particles generated by spliced hepatitis B virus RNA
    • Rosmorduc O, Petit MA, Pol S, Capel F, Bortolotti F, et al. (1995) In vivo and in vitro expression of defective hepatitis B virus particles generated by spliced hepatitis B virus RNA. Hepatology 22: 10-19.
    • (1995) Hepatology , vol.22 , pp. 10-19
    • Rosmorduc, O.1    Petit, M.A.2    Pol, S.3    Capel, F.4    Bortolotti, F.5
  • 16
    • 36048983551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of hepatitis C virus deletion mutants circulating in chronically infected patients
    • Noppornpanth S, Smits SL, Lien TX, Poovorawan Y, Osterhaus AD, et al. (2007) Characterization of hepatitis C virus deletion mutants circulating in chronically infected patients. Journal of virology 81: 12496-12503.
    • (2007) Journal of Virology , vol.81 , pp. 12496-12503
    • Noppornpanth, S.1    Smits, S.L.2    Lien, T.X.3    Poovorawan, Y.4    Osterhaus, A.D.5
  • 17
    • 0025965170 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms associated with the generation of biologically active human immunodeficiency virus type 1 particles from defective proviruses
    • Inoue M, Hoxie JA, Reddy MV, Srinivasan A, Reddy EP, (1991) Mechanisms associated with the generation of biologically active human immunodeficiency virus type 1 particles from defective proviruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88: 2278-2282.
    • (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.88 , pp. 2278-2282
    • Inoue, M.1    Hoxie, J.A.2    Reddy, M.V.3    Srinivasan, A.4    Reddy, E.P.5
  • 18
    • 79955778236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defective interfering viral particles in acute dengue infections
    • Li D, Lott WB, Lowry K, Jones A, Thu HM, et al. (2011) Defective interfering viral particles in acute dengue infections. PLoS One 6: e19447.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6
    • Li, D.1    Lott, W.B.2    Lowry, K.3    Jones, A.4    Thu, H.M.5
  • 19
    • 84880321181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence analysis of in vivo defective interfering-like RNA of influenza A H1N1 pandemic virus
    • Saira K, Lin X, DePasse JV, Halpin R, Twaddle A, et al. (2013) Sequence analysis of in vivo defective interfering-like RNA of influenza A H1N1 pandemic virus. Journal of virology 87: 8064-8074.
    • (2013) Journal of Virology , vol.87 , pp. 8064-8074
    • Saira, K.1    Lin, X.2    DePasse, J.V.3    Halpin, R.4    Twaddle, A.5
  • 20
    • 0019780093 scopus 로고
    • The characteristics required for a Sendai virus preparation to induce high levels of interferon in human lymphoblastoid cells
    • Johnston MD, (1981) The characteristics required for a Sendai virus preparation to induce high levels of interferon in human lymphoblastoid cells. J Gen Virol 56: 175-184.
    • (1981) J Gen Virol , vol.56 , pp. 175-184
    • Johnston, M.D.1
  • 21
    • 0024309097 scopus 로고
    • Interferon induction by viruses. XIX. Vesicular stomatitis virus-New Jersey: high multiplicity passages generate interferon-inducing, defective-interfering particles
    • Marcus PI, Gaccione C, (1989) Interferon induction by viruses. XIX. Vesicular stomatitis virus-New Jersey: high multiplicity passages generate interferon-inducing, defective-interfering particles. Virology 171: 630-633.
    • (1989) Virology , vol.171 , pp. 630-633
    • Marcus, P.I.1    Gaccione, C.2
  • 22
    • 36048996083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of the beta interferon promoter by unnatural Sendai virus infection requires RIG-I and is inhibited by viral C proteins
    • Strahle L, Marq JB, Brini A, Hausmann S, Kolakofsky D, et al. (2007) Activation of the beta interferon promoter by unnatural Sendai virus infection requires RIG-I and is inhibited by viral C proteins. J Virol 81: 12227-12237.
    • (2007) J Virol , vol.81 , pp. 12227-12237
    • Strahle, L.1    Marq, J.B.2    Brini, A.3    Hausmann, S.4    Kolakofsky, D.5
  • 23
    • 44449125726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MDA5 Participates in the Detection of Paramyxovirus Infection and Is Essential for the Early Activation of Dendritic Cells in Response to Sendai Virus Defective Interfering Particles
    • Yount JS, Gitlin L, Moran TM, Lopez CB, (2008) MDA5 Participates in the Detection of Paramyxovirus Infection and Is Essential for the Early Activation of Dendritic Cells in Response to Sendai Virus Defective Interfering Particles. J Immunol 180: 4910-4918.
    • (2008) J Immunol , vol.180 , pp. 4910-4918
    • Yount, J.S.1    Gitlin, L.2    Moran, T.M.3    Lopez, C.B.4
  • 24
    • 33749118274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel role for viral-defective interfering particles in enhancing dendritic cell maturation
    • Yount JS, Kraus TA, Horvath CM, Moran TM, Lopez CB, (2006) A novel role for viral-defective interfering particles in enhancing dendritic cell maturation. J Immunol 177: 4503-4513.
    • (2006) J Immunol , vol.177 , pp. 4503-4513
    • Yount, J.S.1    Kraus, T.A.2    Horvath, C.M.3    Moran, T.M.4    Lopez, C.B.5
  • 25
    • 38449091907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential type I IFN-inducing abilities of wild-type versus vaccine strains of measles virus
    • Shingai M, Ebihara T, Begum NA, Kato A, Honma T, et al. (2007) Differential type I IFN-inducing abilities of wild-type versus vaccine strains of measles virus. J Immunol 179: 6123-6133.
    • (2007) J Immunol , vol.179 , pp. 6123-6133
    • Shingai, M.1    Ebihara, T.2    Begum, N.A.3    Kato, A.4    Honma, T.5
  • 26
    • 33646184859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sendai virus infection induces efficient adaptive immunity independently of type I interferons
    • Lopez CB, Yount JS, Hermesh T, Moran TM, (2006) Sendai virus infection induces efficient adaptive immunity independently of type I interferons. J Virol 80: 4538-4545.
    • (2006) J Virol , vol.80 , pp. 4538-4545
    • Lopez, C.B.1    Yount, J.S.2    Hermesh, T.3    Moran, T.M.4
  • 27
    • 34250863768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine-independent upregulation of MDA5 in viral infection
    • Yount JS, Moran TM, Lopez CB, (2007) Cytokine-independent upregulation of MDA5 in viral infection. J Virol 81: 7316-7319.
    • (2007) J Virol , vol.81 , pp. 7316-7319
    • Yount, J.S.1    Moran, T.M.2    Lopez, C.B.3
  • 28
    • 33745839246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sendai virus defective-interfering genomes and the activation of interferon-beta
    • Strahle L, Garcin D, Kolakofsky D, (2006) Sendai virus defective-interfering genomes and the activation of interferon-beta. Virology 351: 101-111.
    • (2006) Virology , vol.351 , pp. 101-111
    • Strahle, L.1    Garcin, D.2    Kolakofsky, D.3
  • 29
    • 0022512150 scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide sequences that affect replicative and transcriptional efficiencies of Sendai virus deletion mutants
    • Re GG, Kingsbury DW, (1986) Nucleotide sequences that affect replicative and transcriptional efficiencies of Sendai virus deletion mutants. J Virol 58: 578-582.
    • (1986) J Virol , vol.58 , pp. 578-582
    • Re, G.G.1    Kingsbury, D.W.2
  • 30
    • 0017873158 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of death in Semliki Forest virus-infected mice by administration of defective-interfering Semliki Forest virus
    • Dimmock NJ, Kennedy SI, (1978) Prevention of death in Semliki Forest virus-infected mice by administration of defective-interfering Semliki Forest virus. J Gen Virol 39: 231-242.
    • (1978) J Gen Virol , vol.39 , pp. 231-242
    • Dimmock, N.J.1    Kennedy, S.I.2
  • 31
    • 0022183885 scopus 로고
    • Defective interfering viruses: modulators of infection
    • Dimmock NJ, (1985) Defective interfering viruses: modulators of infection. Microbiol Sci 2: 1-7.
    • (1985) Microbiol Sci , vol.2 , pp. 1-7
    • Dimmock, N.J.1
  • 32
    • 0022548559 scopus 로고
    • Protection of mice from lethal influenza: evidence that defective interfering virus modulates the immune response and not virus multiplication
    • Dimmock NJ, Beck S, McLain L, (1986) Protection of mice from lethal influenza: evidence that defective interfering virus modulates the immune response and not virus multiplication. J Gen Virol 67 (Pt 5) (): 839-850.
    • (1986) J Gen Virol , vol.67 , Issue.Pt 5 , pp. 839-850
    • Dimmock, N.J.1    Beck, S.2    McLain, L.3
  • 33
    • 0027293340 scopus 로고
    • Protection of three strains of mice against lethal influenza in vivo by defective interfering virus
    • Morgan DJ, McLain L, Dimmock NJ, (1993) Protection of three strains of mice against lethal influenza in vivo by defective interfering virus. Virus Res 29: 179-183.
    • (1993) Virus Res , vol.29 , pp. 179-183
    • Morgan, D.J.1    McLain, L.2    Dimmock, N.J.3
  • 34
    • 80051765327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defective interfering influenza A virus protects in vivo against disease caused by a heterologous influenza B virus
    • Scott PD, Meng B, Marriott AC, Easton AJ, Dimmock NJ, (2011) Defective interfering influenza A virus protects in vivo against disease caused by a heterologous influenza B virus. The Journal of general virology 92: 2122-2132.
    • (2011) The Journal of General Virology , vol.92 , pp. 2122-2132
    • Scott, P.D.1    Meng, B.2    Marriott, A.C.3    Easton, A.J.4    Dimmock, N.J.5
  • 36
    • 77649221014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) is involved in the innate immune response to Paramyxoviridae infection in vivo
    • Gitlin L, Benoit L, Song C, Cella M, Gilfillan S, et al. (2010) Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) is involved in the innate immune response to Paramyxoviridae infection in vivo. PLoS pathogens 6: e1000734.
    • (2010) PLoS Pathogens , vol.6
    • Gitlin, L.1    Benoit, L.2    Song, C.3    Cella, M.4    Gilfillan, S.5
  • 37
    • 31144465690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quasispecies diversity determines pathogenesis through cooperative interactions in a viral population
    • Vignuzzi M, Stone JK, Arnold JJ, Cameron CE, Andino R, (2006) Quasispecies diversity determines pathogenesis through cooperative interactions in a viral population. Nature 439: 344-348.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.439 , pp. 344-348
    • Vignuzzi, M.1    Stone, J.K.2    Arnold, J.J.3    Cameron, C.E.4    Andino, R.5
  • 39
    • 33846863325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • mda-5, but not RIG-I, is a common target for paramyxovirus V proteins
    • Childs K, Stock N, Ross C, Andrejeva J, Hilton L, et al. (2007) mda-5, but not RIG-I, is a common target for paramyxovirus V proteins. Virology 359: 190-200.
    • (2007) Virology , vol.359 , pp. 190-200
    • Childs, K.1    Stock, N.2    Ross, C.3    Andrejeva, J.4    Hilton, L.5
  • 40
    • 0031022055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The paramyxovirus, Sendai virus, V protein encodes a luxury function required for viral pathogenesis
    • Kato A, Kiyotani K, Sakai Y, Yoshida T, Nagai Y, (1997) The paramyxovirus, Sendai virus, V protein encodes a luxury function required for viral pathogenesis. The EMBO journal 16: 578-587.
    • (1997) The EMBO Journal , vol.16 , pp. 578-587
    • Kato, A.1    Kiyotani, K.2    Sakai, Y.3    Yoshida, T.4    Nagai, Y.5
  • 41
    • 3042615308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C and V proteins of Sendai virus target signaling pathways leading to IRF-3 activation for the negative regulation of interferon-beta production
    • Komatsu T, Takeuchi K, Yokoo J, Gotoh B, (2004) C and V proteins of Sendai virus target signaling pathways leading to IRF-3 activation for the negative regulation of interferon-beta production. Virology 325: 137-148.
    • (2004) Virology , vol.325 , pp. 137-148
    • Komatsu, T.1    Takeuchi, K.2    Yokoo, J.3    Gotoh, B.4
  • 42
    • 0041387412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newcastle disease virus V protein is a determinant of host range restriction
    • Park MS, Garcia-Sastre A, Cros JF, Basler CF, Palese P, (2003) Newcastle disease virus V protein is a determinant of host range restriction. J Virol 77: 9522-9532.
    • (2003) J Virol , vol.77 , pp. 9522-9532
    • Park, M.S.1    Garcia-Sastre, A.2    Cros, J.F.3    Basler, C.F.4    Palese, P.5
  • 43
    • 0029899289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Sendai paramyxovirus accessory C proteins inhibit viral genome amplification in a promoter-specific fashion
    • Cadd T, Garcin D, Tapparel C, Itoh M, Homma M, et al. (1996) The Sendai paramyxovirus accessory C proteins inhibit viral genome amplification in a promoter-specific fashion. J Virol 70: 5067-5074.
    • (1996) J Virol , vol.70 , pp. 5067-5074
    • Cadd, T.1    Garcin, D.2    Tapparel, C.3    Itoh, M.4    Homma, M.5
  • 44
    • 0034952729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longer and shorter forms of Sendai virus C proteins play different roles in modulating the cellular antiviral response
    • Garcin D, Curran J, Itoh M, Kolakofsky D, (2001) Longer and shorter forms of Sendai virus C proteins play different roles in modulating the cellular antiviral response. J Virol 75: 6800-6807.
    • (2001) J Virol , vol.75 , pp. 6800-6807
    • Garcin, D.1    Curran, J.2    Itoh, M.3    Kolakofsky, D.4
  • 45
    • 0017872769 scopus 로고
    • Persistent infection. I Interferon-inducing defective-interfering particles as mediators of cell sparing: possible role in persistent infection by vesicular stomatitis virus
    • Sekellick MJ, Marcus PI, (1978) Persistent infection. I Interferon-inducing defective-interfering particles as mediators of cell sparing: possible role in persistent infection by vesicular stomatitis virus. Virology 85: 175-186.
    • (1978) Virology , vol.85 , pp. 175-186
    • Sekellick, M.J.1    Marcus, P.I.2
  • 46
    • 0018383037 scopus 로고
    • Role of defective interfering particles of Sendai virus in persistent infections
    • Roux L, Holland JJ, (1979) Role of defective interfering particles of Sendai virus in persistent infections. Virology 93: 91-103.
    • (1979) Virology , vol.93 , pp. 91-103
    • Roux, L.1    Holland, J.J.2
  • 48
    • 0020078331 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of West Nile virus persistent infections in genetically resistant and susceptible mouse cells. I. Generation of defective nonplaquing virus particles
    • Brinton MA, (1982) Characterization of West Nile virus persistent infections in genetically resistant and susceptible mouse cells. I. Generation of defective nonplaquing virus particles. Virology 116: 84-98.
    • (1982) Virology , vol.116 , pp. 84-98
    • Brinton, M.A.1
  • 49
    • 0019936190 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a cell culture persistently infected with the DA strain of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus
    • Roos RP, Richards OC, Green J, Ehrenfeld E, (1982) Characterization of a cell culture persistently infected with the DA strain of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. J Virol 43: 1118-1122.
    • (1982) J Virol , vol.43 , pp. 1118-1122
    • Roos, R.P.1    Richards, O.C.2    Green, J.3    Ehrenfeld, E.4
  • 50
    • 0020624265 scopus 로고
    • Persistent infection of some standard cell lines by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: transmission of infection by an intracellular agent
    • van der Zeijst BA, Noyes BE, Mirault ME, Parker B, Osterhaus AD, et al. (1983) Persistent infection of some standard cell lines by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: transmission of infection by an intracellular agent. J Virol 48: 249-261.
    • (1983) J Virol , vol.48 , pp. 249-261
    • van der Zeijst, B.A.1    Noyes, B.E.2    Mirault, M.E.3    Parker, B.4    Osterhaus, A.D.5
  • 51
    • 0023029105 scopus 로고
    • Human cytomegalovirus persistent infection in a human central nervous system cell line: production of a variant virus with different growth characteristics
    • Ogura T, Tanaka J, Kamiya S, Sato H, Ogura H, et al. (1986) Human cytomegalovirus persistent infection in a human central nervous system cell line: production of a variant virus with different growth characteristics. J Gen Virol 67 (Pt 12) (): 2605-2616.
    • (1986) J Gen Virol , vol.67 , Issue.Pt 12 , pp. 2605-2616
    • Ogura, T.1    Tanaka, J.2    Kamiya, S.3    Sato, H.4    Ogura, H.5
  • 52
    • 0025780945 scopus 로고
    • Defective interfering particles of human parainfluenza virus type 3 are associated with persistent infection in cell culture
    • Moscona A, (1991) Defective interfering particles of human parainfluenza virus type 3 are associated with persistent infection in cell culture. Virology 183: 821-824.
    • (1991) Virology , vol.183 , pp. 821-824
    • Moscona, A.1
  • 53
    • 0042242803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishment of respiratory syncytial virus persistence in cell lines: association with defective interfering particles
    • Valdovinos MR, Gomez B, (2003) Establishment of respiratory syncytial virus persistence in cell lines: association with defective interfering particles. Intervirology 46: 190-198.
    • (2003) Intervirology , vol.46 , pp. 190-198
    • Valdovinos, M.R.1    Gomez, B.2
  • 54
    • 70349272201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-reaction genomic amplification accelerates sequencing and vaccine production for classical and Swine origin human influenza a viruses
    • Zhou B, Donnelly ME, Scholes DT, St George K, Hatta M, et al. (2009) Single-reaction genomic amplification accelerates sequencing and vaccine production for classical and Swine origin human influenza a viruses. Journal of virology 83: 10309-10313.
    • (2009) Journal of Virology , vol.83 , pp. 10309-10313
    • Zhou, B.1    Donnelly, M.E.2    Scholes, D.T.3    St George, K.4    Hatta, M.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.