Immigration into Europe: Economic discrimination, violence, and public policy

Annual Review of Political Science

Volumn 17, Issue , 2014, Pages 43-64

  Dancygier, Rafaela M ^a   Laitin, David D ^b  

^a PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Citizenship; Immigrant native violence; Immigrant state violence; Labor market discrimination; Multicultural policies

Indexed keywords

EID: 84886616875     PISSN: 10942939     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-polisci-082012-115925     Document Type: Article

References (130)

1. Abadie A, Gardeazabal J. 2003. The economic costs of conflict: a case study of the Basque country. Am. Econ. Rev. 93(1): 113-32 (Pubitemid 38799489)
2. Adida CL, Laitin DD, Valfort M-A. 2010. Identifying barriers to Muslim integration in France. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 107: 384-90
3. Adida CL, Laitin DD, ValfortM-A. 2011. OneMuslim is enough! Inst. zur Zukunft der Arbeit (IZA) Disc. Pap. No. 6122
4. Adida CL, Laitin DD, Valfort M-A. 2014. Muslims in France: identifying a discriminatory equilibrium. J. Popul. Econ. In press
5. Alesina A, Harnoss J, Rapoport H. 2013. Birthplace diversity and economic prosperity. Work. Pap. No. 186991, Nat. Bur. Econ. Res.
6. Algan Y, Dustmann C, Glitz A, Manning A. 2010. The economic situation of first and second-generation immigrants in France, Germany and the United Kingdom. Econ. J. 120(542): F4-F30
7. Arrow KJ. 1973. The theory of discrimination. In Discrimination in Labor Markets, ed. O Ashenfelter, A Rees, pp. 3-33. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
8. Art D. 2011. Inside the Radical Right: The Development of Anti-Immigrant Parties in Western Europe. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
9. Avitabile C, Clots-Figueras I, Masella P. 2010. The effect of birthright citizenship on parental integration outcomes. Work. Pap., Cent. Stud. Econ. Finance
10. Back L, Nayak A. 1999. Signs of the times? Violence, graffiti and racism in the English suburbs. In Divided Europeans: Understanding Ethnicities in Conflict, ed. T Allen, J Eade, pp. 243-83. The Hague: Kluwer Law Intl.
11. Becker G. 1957. The Economics of Discrimination. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
12. Benyon J. 1984. Scarman and After: Essays Reflecting on Lord Scarman's Report, the Riots, and Their Aftermath. Oxford, UK: Pergamon
13. Benyon J, Solomos J. 1987. The Roots of Urban Unrest. Oxford, UK: Pergamon
14. Bertrand M, Mullainathan S. 2002. Are Emily and Jane more employable than Lakisha and Jamal? A field experiment on labor market discrimination. Am. Econ. Rev. 94(4): 991-1013
15. Bevelande P, Pendakur R. 2010. Citizenship and employment - comparing two cold countries. Presented at Tempo Conf. Int. Migr., 1st, Dublin
16. Blalock H. 1967. Toward a Theory of Minority-Group Relations. New York: Wiley
17. Bleich E, Caeiro C, Luehrman S. 2010. State responses to 'ethnic riots' in liberal democracies: evidence from Western Europe. Eur. Polit. Sci. Rev. 2(2): 269-95
18. Bloemraad I. 2006. Becoming a Citizen. Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Press
19. Bohon SA. 2005. Occupational attainment of Latino immigrants in theUnited States. Geogr. Rev. 95(2): 249-66
20. Bolt G, Ozuekren AS, Phillips D. 2010. Linking integration and residential segregation. J. Ethnic Migr. Stud. 36(2): 169-86
21. Booth AL, Leigh A, Varganova E. 2012. Does ethnic discrimination vary across minority groups? Evidence from a field experiment. Oxf. Bull. Econ. Stat. 74(4): 547-73
22. Borjas GJ. 1994. The economics of immigration. J. Econ. Lit. 32(4): 1667-717
23. Bouzar D, Bouzar L. 2009. Allah a-t-il sa place dans l'entreprise? Paris: Albin Michel
24. Brader T, Valentino NA, Suhay E. 2008. What triggers public opposition to immigration? Anxiety, group cues, and immigration threat. Am. J. Polit. Sci. 52(4): 959-78
25. Brass PR. 1997. Theft of an Idol. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
26. Bratsberg B, Ragan JF, Nasir ZM. 2002. The effect of naturalization on wage growth: a panel study of young male immigrants. J. Labor Econ. 20(3): 568-97 (Pubitemid 37155784)
27. Braun R, Koopmans R. 2010. The diffusion of ethnic violence in Germany: the role of social similarity. Eur. Sociol. Rev. 26(1): 111-23
28. Brubaker R. 1992. Citizenship and Nationhood in France and Germany. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
29. Cameron D. 2011. PM's speech at Munich Security Conference, Feb. 5. http://www.gov. uk/government/ speeches/pms-speech-at-munich-security-conference
30. Carlsson M. 2010. Experimental evidence of discrimination in the hiring of first- and second-generation immigrants. Rev. Labour Econ. Ind. Relat. 24(3): 263-78
31. Carlsson M, Rooth D-O. 2007. Evidence of ethnic discrimination in the Swedish labor market using experimental data. Labour Econ. 14(4): 716-29
32. Collins WJ, Margo RA. 2007. The economic aftermath of the 1960s riots in American cities: evidence from property values. J. Econ. Hist. 67(4): 849-83
33. Collins WJ, Smith FH. 2007. A neighborhood-level view of riots, property values, and population loss: Cleveland 1950-1980. Explorations Econ. Hist. 44(3): 365-86
34. Constant A, Massey DS. 2005. Labor market segmentation and the earnings of German guestworkers. Popul. Res. Policy Rev. 24(5): 489-512 (Pubitemid 43336679)
35. Constant A, Shachmurove Y. 2006. Entrepreneurial ventures and wage differentials between Germans and immigrants. Int. J. Manpow. 27(3): 208-29 (Pubitemid 43955070)
36. Cook SW. 1971. The effect of unintended interracial contact upon racial interaction and attitude change. Proj. No. 5- 1320, Final Rep. Washington, DC: US Dep. Health Educ. Welfare
37. Cook SW. 1978. Interpersonal and attitudinal outcomes in cooperating interracial groups. J. Res. Dev. Educ. 12: 97-113
38. Crepaz M. 2008. Trust Beyond Borders: Immigration, the Welfare State, and Identity in Modern Societies. Ann Arbor: Univ. Mich. Press
39. Cutler DM, Glaeser EL. 1997. Are ghettos good or bad? Q. J. Econ. 112(3): 827-72 (Pubitemid 28095146)
40. Cutler DM, Glaeser EL, Vigdor JL. 2008. When are ghettos bad? Lessons from immigrant segregation in the United States. J. Urban Econ. 63: 759-74
41. Dancygier R. 2010. Immigration and Conflict in Europe. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
42. Dancygier R. 2013. The left and minority representation: the Labour Party, Muslim candidates, and inclusion tradeoffs. Comp. Polit. 46(1): 1-21
43. Dancygier R, Donnelly M. 2013. Sectoral economies, economic contexts, and attitudes toward immigration. J. Polit. 75(1): 17-35
44. Dancygier R, Green DP. 2010. Hate crimes. In The SAGEHandbook of Prejudice, Stereotyping and Discrimination, ed. JF Dovidio, M Hewstone, P Glick, VM Esses, pp. 294-311. London: SAGE
45. Delon A, Mucchielli L. 2006. Les mineurs meutiers jugs au tribunal de Bobigny. Claris La Rev. 1: 5-16
46. Duguet E, Landri N, L'Horty Y, Petit P. 2010. Are young French jobseekers of ethnic immigrant origin dicriminated against? A controlled experiment in the Paris area. Ann. Econ. Stat. 99-100: 187-215
47. Dunning T, Nilekani J. 2013. Ethnic quotas and political mobilization: caste, parties, and distribution in Indian village councils. Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. 107(1): 35-56
48. Edin P-A, Fredriksson P, AslundO. 2003. Ethnic enclaves and the economic success of immigrants - evidence from a natural experiment. Q. J. Econ. 118(1): 329-57
49. Epstein R. 2009. Urban renewal = riot revival? The role of urban renewal policy in French riots. See Waddington & Jobard, pp. 124-34
50. Erie SP. 1988. Rainbow's End: Irish-Americans and the Dilemmas of Urban Machine Politics, 1840-1985. Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Press
51. Ersanilli E, Koopmans R. 2011. Doimmigrant integration policiesmatter?Athree-country comparison among Turkish immigrants. West Eur. Polit. 34(2): 208-34
52. Falk A, Kuhn A, Zweimuller J. 2011. Unemployment and right-wing extremist crime. Scand. J. Econ. 113(2): 260-85
53. Firth M. 1981. Racial discrimination in the British labour market. Ind. Labor Relat. Rev. 34(2): 265-72
54. Fording RC. 1997. The conditional effect of violence as a political tactic: mass insurgency, welfare generosity, and electoral context in the American states. Am. J. Polit. Sci. 41(1): 1-29
55. Fording RC. 2001. The political response to black insurgency: a critical test of competing hypotheses. Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. 95(1): 115-30
56. Friedrichs J, Galster G, Musterd S. 2003. Neighborhood effects on social opportunities: the European and American research and policy context. Hous. Stud. 18(6): 797-806 (Pubitemid 37436325)
57. Garbaye R. 2005. Getting into Local Power: The Politics of Ethnic Minorities in British and French Cities. Oxford, UK: Blackwell
58. Garrett AL. 2013. When cities fight back: minorities, local politics, and conflict in Europe. PhD diss., Dep. Gov., Harvard Univ.
59. Golder M. 2003. Explaining variation in the success of extreme right parties inWestern Europe. Comp. Polit. Stud. 36(4): 432-66
60. Goodman SW. 2012. Fortifying citizenship: policy strategies for civic integration inWestern Europe. World Polit. 64(4): 659-98
61. Green DP, Strolovitch DZ, Wong JS. 1998. Defended neighborhoods, integration, and racially motivated crime. Am. J. Sociol. 104(2): 372-403 (Pubitemid 128376055)
62. Hainmueller J, Hangartner D. 2013a. Who gets a Swiss passport? A natural experiment in immigrant discrimination. Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. 107(1): 187-259
63. Hainmueller J, Hangartner D. 2013b. Does direct democracy hurt immigrant minorities? Evidence from naturalization decisions in Switzerland. Res. Pap. No. 2013-1. Dep. Polit. Sci., Mass. Inst. Technol. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn. com/abstract=2022064
64. Hainmueller J, Hiscox MJ. 2007. Educated preferences: explaining attitudes toward immigration in Europe. Int. Organ. 61(2): 399-442
65. Hainmueller J, Hopkins DJ. 2013. The hidden American immigration consensus: a conjoint analysis of attitudes toward immigrants. Work. pap., Mass. Inst. Technol. and Georgetown Univ. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers. cfm?abstract-id=2106116
66. Hainmueller J, Hopkins DJ. 2014. Public attitudes toward immigration. Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci. 17: 225-49
67. Hanson GH. 2009. The economic consequences of the international migration of labor. Annu. Rev. Econ. 1: 179-207
68. Hanson G, Scheve KF, Slaughter MJ. 2007. Public finance and individual preferences over globalization strategies. Econ. Polit. 19(1): 1-33 (Pubitemid 46322677)
69. Heath A, Cheung SY, eds. 2007. Unequal Chances: Ethnic Minorities in Western Labour Markets. Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press
70. Hesse B, Dhawant RK, Bennett C, McGilchrist P. 1992. Beneath the Surface: Racial Harassment. Avebury, UK: Aldershot
71. Hopkins DJ. 2010. Politicized places: explaining where and when immigrants provoke local opposition. " Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. 104 (1): 40-60
72. Hopkins DJ. 2014. The upside of accents: language, inter-group difference, and attitudes toward immigration. Br. J. Polit. Sci. In press
73. Horowitz DL. 2001. The Deadly Ethnic Riot. Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Press
74. Howard MM. 2009. The Politics of Citizenship in Europe. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
75. Janoski T. 2010. The Ironies of Citizenship. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
76. Jobard F. 2009. Rioting as a political tool: the 2005 riots in France. Howard J. 48(3): 235-44
77. John P. 2006. Explaining policy change: the impact of the media, public opinion and political violence on urban budgets in England. J. Eur. Public Policy 13(7): 1053-68 (Pubitemid 44454516)
78. Jowell R, Prescott-Clarke P. 1970. Racial discrimination and white collar workers in Britain. Race & Class 11(4): 397-417
79. Karapin R. 2002. Antiminority riots in unified Germany - cultural conflicts and mischanneled political participation. Comp. Polit. 34(2): 147-67 (Pubitemid 33678441)
80. Kass L, Manger C. 2010. Ethnic discrimination in Germany's labour market: a field experiment. Inst. zur Zukunft der Arbeit (IZA) Disc. Pap. No. 4741
81. Key VO. 1949. Southern Politics in State and Nation. New York: Knopf
82. Kitschelt H. 1996. The Radical Right in Western Europe. Ann Arbor: Univ. Mich. Press
83. Koopmans R. 1996. Explaining the rise of racist and extreme right violence in Western Europe: grievances or opportunities. Eur. J. Polit. Res. 30(2): 185-216 (Pubitemid 126174192)
84. Koopmans R. 2013. Multiculturalism and immigration: a contested field in cross-national comparison. Annu. Rev. Sociol. 39: 147-69
85. Koopmans R, Michalowksi I, Waibel S. 2012. Citizenship rights for immigrants: national political processes and cross-national convergence inWestern Europe. Am. J. Sociol. 117(4): 1202-45
86. Krueger AB, Pischke J-S. 1997. A statistical analysis of crime against foreigners in unified Germany. J. Hum. Resour. 32(1): 182-209
87. KymlickaW. 1995. Multicultural Citizenship. Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press
88. KymlickaW. 2012. Multiculturalism: Success, Failure, and the Future. Washington, DC: Migr. Policy Inst.
89. Lagrange H. 2008. Emeutes, sgrgation urbaine et alination politique. Rev. Fraņcaise Sci. Polit. 58(3): 377-401
90. Lagrange H. 2010. Le D'eni de Cultures. Paris: Ed. Seuil Laitin DD. 1993. The game theory of language regimes. Int. Polit. Sci. Rev. 14(3): 227-39
91. Larja L, Warlus J, Sundbck L, Liebkind K, Kandolin I, Janinskala-Lahti I. 2012. Discrimination in the Finnish labour market. An overview and field experiment on recruitment. Helsinki, Finland: Min. Employ. and Economy
92. Lazear E. 1999. Culture and language. J. Polit. Econ. 107(S6): S95-S126 (Pubitemid 30094955)
93. L'Horty Y, Duguet E, du Parquet L, Petit P, Sari F. 2011. Les effects due lieu de rsidence sur l'access a l'emploi: un test de discrimination aupres de jeunes qualifie?. É conomique et Statistique 447: 71-95
94. Malhotra N, Margalit Y, Mo CH. 2013. Economic explanations for opposition to immigration: distinguishing between prevalence and conditional impact. Am. J. Polit. Sci. 57(2): 391-410
95. Massey DS, Denton NA. 1993. American Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of an Underclass. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
96. Matheson VA, Baade RA. 2004. Race and riots: a note on the economic impact of the Rodney King riots. Urban Stud. 41(13): 2691-96 (Pubitemid 40047120)
97. Maxwell R. 2012. EthnicMinority Migrants in Britain and France: Integration Trade-Offs. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
98. Mazzolari F. 2009. Dual citizenship rights: Do they make more and richer citizens? Demography 46(1): 169-91
99. McGinnity F, Lunn P. 2011. Measuring discrimination facing ethnicminority candidates: an Irish experiment. Work Employ. Soc. 25(4): 693-708
100. Miguel E, Roland G. 2011. The long-run impact of bombing Vietnam. J. Dev. 96(1): 1-15
101. Milliken FJ, Martins LL. 1996. Searching for common threads: understanding the multiple effects of diversity in organizational groups. Acad. Manag. Rev. 21: 402-33
102. Mucchielli L, Le Goaziou V. 2006. Quand les banlieues br ̂ ulent. Paris: D?couverte
103. Myers DJ. 1997. Racial rioting in the 1960s: an event history analysis of local conditions. Am. Sociol. Rev. 62(1): 94-112
104. National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders. 1968. Report of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders. New York: Bantam Books
105. OECD. 2011. OECD Factbook 2011: Economic, Environmental, and Social Statistics. Paris: Organ. Econ. Co-op. Dev.
106. Olzak S. 1992. The Dynamics of Ethnic Competition and Conflict. Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ. Press
107. Paluck EL, Green DP. 2009. Prejudice reduction: What works? A critical look at evidence from the field and the laboratory. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 60: 339-67
108. Pinderhughes HL. 1993. The anatomy of racially motivated violence in New York City: a case study of youth in southern Brooklyn. Soc. Probl. 40(4): 478-92
109. Piven FF, Cloward RA. 1971. Regulating the Poor. New York: Pantheon Books
110. Powell GB Jr. 2000. Elections as Instruments of Democracy: Majoritarian and Proportional Visions. New Haven, CT: Yale Univ. Press
111. Rallu JL. 2011. Naturalization policies in France and the USA and their impact on migrants' characteristics and strategies. Popul. Rev. 50(1): 40-61
112. Riach PA, Rich J. 2002. Field experiments of discrimination in the market place. Econ. J. 112(483): 480-518
113. Schelling T. 1978. Micromotives and Macrobehavior. New York: Norton
114. Scheve KF, Slaughter MJ. 2001. Labor market competition and individual preferences over immigration policy. Rev. Econ. Stat. 83: 133-45
115. Shefter M. 1994. Political Parties and the State: The American Historical Experience. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
116. Sides J, Citrin J. 2007. European opinion about immigration: the role of identities, interests and information. Br. J. Polit. Sci. 37: 477-504
117. Sinno A. 2011. Les difficults de la reprsentation politique desMusulmans Europens. In Minorit'es visibles en politique, ed. E Benbassa, K Fleming, pp. 141-53. Paris: Ed. CNRS
118. Sniderman PM, Hagendoorn L. 2007. When Ways of Life Collide. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
119. Sniderman PM, Hagendoorn L, Prior M. 2004. Predisposing factors and situational triggers: exclusionary reactions to immigrant minorities. Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. 98: 35-49 (Pubitemid 38411326)
120. Soroka S, Johnston R, Banting K, Kymlicka W. 2012. National identity and anti-immigrant attitudes: the multiple patterns in contemporary democracies. Presented at Annu. Meet. Counc. Eur. Stud., Boston, Mar. 22-25
121. Soysal YN. 1994. Limits of Citizenship: Migrants and PostnationalMembership in Europe. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
122. Spilerman S. 1970. The causes of racial disturbances: a comparison of alternative explanations. Am. Sociol. Rev. 35(4): 627-49
123. Taylor C. 1994. The politics of recognition. In Multiculturalism: Examining the Politics of Recognition, ed. A Gutmann, pp. 25-73. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
124. Trounstine J. 2008. Political Monopolies in American Cities. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
125. Vernby K. 2013. Inclusion and public policy: evidence from Sweden's introduction of noncitizen suffrage. Am. J. Polit. Sci. 57(1): 15-29
126. Waddington D, Jobard F, King M. 2009. Rioting in the UK and France: A Comparative Analysis. Cullompton, UK: Willan
127. Welch S. 1975. The impact of urban riots on urban expenditures. Am. J. Polit. Sci. 19(4): 741-60
128. Wilkinson S. 2004. Votes and Violence: Electoral Competition and Ethnic Riots in India. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
129. Wright G. 2013. Sharing the Prize: The Economics of the Civil Rights Revolution in the American South. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
130. Wright M, Bloemraad I. 2012. Is there a trade-off between multiculturalism and socio-political integration? Policy regimes and immigrant incorporation in comparative perspective. Perspect. Polit. 10(1): 77-95