메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 112, Issue 483, 2002, Pages F480-F518

Field experiments of discrimination in the market place

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EMPLOYMENT; GENDER DISPARITY; MARKET CONDITIONS; RACIAL DISPARITY;

EID: 0036863130     PISSN: 00130133     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1468-0297.00080     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (588)

References (74)
  • 1
    • 84984227653 scopus 로고
    • Stigma and employability: Discrimination by sex and sexual orientation in the Ontario legal profession
    • Adam, B. (1981). 'Stigma and employability: discrimination by sex and sexual orientation in the Ontario legal profession', Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology, vol. 18(2), pp. 216-22.
    • (1981) Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 216-222
    • Adam, B.1
  • 2
    • 0001107510 scopus 로고
    • The theory of social custom, of which unemployment may be one consequence
    • Akerlof, A. (1980). 'The theory of social custom, of which unemployment may be one consequence', Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 94, pp. 749-75.
    • (1980) Quarterly Journal of Economics , vol.94 , pp. 749-775
    • Akerlof, A.1
  • 3
    • 77956739155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race and gender in the labor market
    • (O. Ashenfelter and D. Card. eds.). chapter 48
    • Altonji, J. and Blank, R. (1999). 'Race and gender in the labor market', in (O. Ashenfelter and D. Card. eds.). Handbook of Labor Economics, vol. 3, chapter 48.
    • (1999) Handbook of Labor Economics , vol.3
    • Altonji, J.1    Blank, R.2
  • 4
    • 0001142078 scopus 로고
    • Fair driving: Race and gender discrimination in retail car negotiations
    • Ayres I. (1991). 'Fair driving: race and gender discrimination in retail car negotiations', Harvard Law Review, vol. 104, pp. 817-72.
    • (1991) Harvard Law Review , vol.104 , pp. 817-872
    • Ayres, I.1
  • 5
    • 0000359873 scopus 로고
    • Gender and race discrimination in bargaining for a new car
    • Ayres I. Siegelman P. (1995). 'Gender and race discrimination in bargaining for a new car', American Economic Review, vol. 85, pp. 304-21.
    • (1995) American Economic Review , vol.85 , pp. 304-321
    • Ayres, I.1    Siegelman, P.2
  • 7
    • 0012067676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrimination against racial/ethnic minorities in access to employment in the United States: Empirical findings from situation testing
    • Geneva, International Labour Office
    • Bendick Jnr., M. (1996). 'Discrimination against racial/ethnic minorities in access to employment in the United States: empirical findings from situation testing', International Migration Papers 12, Geneva, International Labour Office.
    • (1996) International Migration Papers 12
    • Bendick, M.1
  • 8
    • 12944288241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No foot in the door: An experimental study of employment discrimination against older workers
    • Bendick Jnr., M., Brown, L. and Wall, K. (1999). 'No foot in the door: an experimental study of employment discrimination against older workers', Journal of Aging and Social Policy. vol. 10, pp. 5-23.
    • (1999) Journal of Aging and Social Policy , vol.10 , pp. 5-23
    • Bendick, M.1    Brown, L.2    Wall, K.3
  • 9
    • 43349116506 scopus 로고
    • Measuring employment discrimination through controlled experiments
    • Bendick Jnr., M., Jackson, C. and Reinoso V. (1994). 'Measuring employment discrimination through controlled experiments', Review of Black Political Economy, vol. 23, pp. 25-48.
    • (1994) Review of Black Political Economy , vol.23 , pp. 25-48
    • Bendick, M.1    Jackson, C.2    Reinoso, V.3
  • 10
    • 84977321950 scopus 로고
    • Discrimination against Latino job applicants: A controlled experiment
    • Bendick Jnr., M., Jackson, C., Reinoso, V. and Hodges, L. (1991). 'Discrimination against Latino job applicants: a controlled experiment', Human Resource Management, vol. 30, pp. 469-84.
    • (1991) Human Resource Management , vol.30 , pp. 469-484
    • Bendick, M.1    Jackson, C.2    Reinoso, V.3    Hodges, L.4
  • 11
    • 0001544753 scopus 로고
    • Wage discrimination: Reduced form and structural estimates
    • Blinder, A. (1973). 'Wage discrimination: reduced form and structural estimates', Journal of Human Resources, vol. 8, pp. 436-55.
    • (1973) Journal of Human Resources , vol.8 , pp. 436-455
    • Blinder, A.1
  • 13
    • 0012099059 scopus 로고
    • Discrimination against migrant workers and ethnic minorities in access to employment in the Netherlands
    • Geneva, International Labour Office
    • Bovenkerk, F., Gras, M. and Ramsoedh, D. (1995). 'Discrimination against migrant workers and ethnic minorities in access to employment in the Netherlands', International Migration Papers 4, Geneva, International Labour Office.
    • (1995) International Migration Papers 4
    • Bovenkerk, F.1    Gras, M.2    Ramsoedh, D.3
  • 14
    • 0012065947 scopus 로고
    • Comparative aspects of research on discrimination against non-white citizens in Great Britain, France and the Netherlands
    • (J. Berting, F. Geyer and R. Jurkovich, eds), Oxford: Pergamon Press
    • Bovenkerk, F., Kilborne, B., Raveau, F. and Smith, D. (1979). 'Comparative aspects of research on discrimination against non-white citizens in Great Britain, France and the Netherlands', in (J. Berting, F. Geyer and R. Jurkovich, eds), Problems in International Comparative Research in the Social Sciences, Oxford: Pergamon Press.
    • (1979) Problems in International Comparative Research in the Social Sciences
    • Bovenkerk, F.1    Kilborne, B.2    Raveau, F.3    Smith, D.4
  • 18
    • 0012095853 scopus 로고
    • Reply to a 'note on the testing of discrimination
    • Daniel, W. (1970). 'Reply to a 'Note on the testing of discrimination', Race, vol. 11, pp. 352-60.
    • (1970) Race , vol.11 , pp. 352-360
    • Daniel, W.1
  • 19
    • 0002607937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence on discrimination in employment: Codes of color, codes of gender
    • Darity, W. Jnr. and Mason P. (1998). 'Evidence on discrimination in employment: codes of color, codes of gender', Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 12, pp. 63-90.
    • (1998) Journal of Economic Perspectives , vol.12 , pp. 63-90
    • Darity, W.1    Mason, P.2
  • 20
    • 0040951428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial and ethnic economic inequality: The international record
    • May
    • Darity, W. Jnr. and Nembhard J. (2000). 'Racial and ethnic economic inequality: the international record', American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings, vol. 90 (May), pp. 308-11.
    • (2000) American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings , vol.90 , pp. 308-311
    • Darity, W.1    Nembhard, J.2
  • 21
    • 0012034102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Labour market discrimination against migrant workers in Spain
    • Geneva: International Labour Office
    • Prada, M. de, Actis, W., Pereda, C. and Perez Molina R. (1996). 'Labour market discrimination against migrant workers in Spain', International Migration Papers 9, Geneva: International Labour Office.
    • (1996) International Migration Papers 9
    • de Prada, M.1    Actis, W.2    Pereda, C.3    Perez Molina, R.4
  • 22
    • 0027512610 scopus 로고
    • Racial discrimination against doctors from ethnic minorities
    • Esmail, A. and Everington, S. (1993). 'Racial discrimination against doctors from ethnic minorities', British Medical Journal, vol. 306, pp. 691-2.
    • (1993) British Medical Journal , vol.306 , pp. 691-692
    • Esmail, A.1    Everington, S.2
  • 23
    • 0030916731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asian doctors are still being discriminated against
    • Esmail, A. and Everington, S. (1997). 'Asian doctors are still being discriminated against', British Medical Journal, vol. 314, p. 1619.
    • (1997) British Medical Journal , vol.314 , pp. 1619
    • Esmail, A.1    Everington, S.2
  • 24
    • 84925928588 scopus 로고
    • Racial discrimination in the British labour market
    • Firth, M. (1981). 'Racial discrimination in the British labour market', Industrial and Labor Relations Review, vol. 34, pp. 265-72.
    • (1981) Industrial and Labor Relations Review , vol.34 , pp. 265-272
    • Firth, M.1
  • 25
    • 85007627477 scopus 로고
    • Sex discrimination in job opportunities for women
    • Firth, M. (1982). 'Sex discrimination in job opportunities for women', Sex Roles, vol. 34, pp. 265-72.
    • (1982) Sex Roles , vol.34 , pp. 265-272
    • Firth, M.1
  • 28
    • 84875343355 scopus 로고
    • London: The Spastics Society, Campaigns and Parliamentary Department
    • Fry, E. (1986). An Equal Chance for Disabled People? London: The Spastics Society, Campaigns and Parliamentary Department.
    • (1986) An Equal Chance for Disabled People?
    • Fry, E.1
  • 29
    • 0025592213 scopus 로고
    • Racial discrimination in housing markets during the 1980s: A review of the audit evidence
    • Galster, G. (1990a). 'Racial discrimination in housing markets during the 1980s: a review of the audit evidence', Journal of Planning Education and Research, vol. 9, pp. 165-75.
    • (1990) Journal of Planning Education and Research , vol.9 , pp. 165-175
    • Galster, G.1
  • 30
    • 0001684705 scopus 로고
    • Racial steering in urban housing markets: A review of the audit evidence
    • Galster, G. (1990b). 'Racial steering in urban housing markets: a review of the audit evidence', The Review of Black Political Economy, vol. 18, pp. 105-29.
    • (1990) The Review of Black Political Economy , vol.18 , pp. 105-129
    • Galster, G.1
  • 31
    • 0012090119 scopus 로고
    • Discrimination against female-headed households in rental housing: Theory and exploratory evidence
    • Galster, G. and Constantine P. (1991). 'Discrimination against female-headed households in rental housing: theory and exploratory evidence', Review of Social Economy, vol. 69, pp. 76-100.
    • (1991) Review of Social Economy , vol.69 , pp. 76-100
    • Galster, G.1    Constantine, P.2
  • 32
    • 0003297323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Labour market discrimination against foreign workers in Germany
    • Geneva: International Labour Office
    • Goldberg, A., Mourinho, D. and Kulke, U. (1996). 'Labour market discrimination against foreign workers in Germany', International Migration Papers 7, Geneva: International Labour Office.
    • (1996) International Migration Papers 7
    • Goldberg, A.1    Mourinho, D.2    Kulke, U.3
  • 33
    • 0000590932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orchestrating impartiality: The impact of "blind" auditions on female musicians
    • Goldin, C. and Rouse C. (2000). 'Orchestrating impartiality: the impact of "blind" auditions on female musicians', American Economic Review, vol. 90, pp. 715-41.
    • (2000) American Economic Review , vol.90 , pp. 715-741
    • Goldin, C.1    Rouse, C.2
  • 36
    • 0002725855 scopus 로고
    • Male-female wage differentials and policy responses
    • Gunderson, M. (1989). 'Male-female wage differentials and policy responses', Journal of Economic Literature, vol. 27, pp. 46-72.
    • (1989) Journal of Economic Literature , vol.27 , pp. 46-72
    • Gunderson, M.1
  • 38
    • 0012032669 scopus 로고
    • The urban institute audit studies: Their methods and findings
    • 1993
    • Heckman, J. and Siegelman, P. (1993). 'The Urban Institute audit studies: their methods and findings', in Fix and Struyk (1993).
    • (1993) Fix and Struyk
    • Heckman, J.1    Siegelman, P.2
  • 42
    • 84972625957 scopus 로고
    • Racial discrimination and white-collar workers in Britain
    • Jowell, R. and Prescott-Clarke, P. (1970). 'Racial discrimination and white-collar workers in Britain', Race, vol. 11, pp. 397-417.
    • (1970) Race , vol.11 , pp. 397-417
    • Jowell, R.1    Prescott-Clarke, P.2
  • 43
    • 0001488144 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of the correlates of discrimination facing young Hispanic job-seekers
    • Kenney, G. and Wissoker, D. (1994). 'An analysis of the correlates of discrimination facing young Hispanic job-seekers', American Economic Review, vol. 84, pp. 674-83.
    • (1994) American Economic Review , vol.84 , pp. 674-683
    • Kenney, G.1    Wissoker, D.2
  • 44
    • 0036663704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Has the race penalty for black women disappeared in the United States?
    • forthcoming August
    • Kim, M. (2002). 'Has the race penalty for black women disappeared in the United States?', Feminist Economics, forthcoming August.
    • (2002) Feminist Economics
    • Kim, M.1
  • 45
    • 84963025676 scopus 로고
    • Attitudes vs actions
    • October
    • La, Piere R. (1934). 'Attitudes vs actions', Social Forces. (October), pp. 230-7.
    • (1934) Social Forces , pp. 230-237
    • La Piere, R.1
  • 46
    • 84925895000 scopus 로고
    • Sex discrimination and employment practices: An experiment with unconventional job inquiries
    • Levinson, R. (1975). 'Sex discrimination and employment practices: an experiment with unconventional job inquiries', Social Problems, vol. 22, pp. 533-43.
    • (1975) Social Problems , vol.22 , pp. 533-543
    • Levinson, R.1
  • 48
    • 0001129449 scopus 로고
    • Preferential treatment in preselection decisions according to sex and race
    • McIntrye, S., Moberg, D. and Posner, B. (1980). 'Preferential treatment in preselection decisions according to sex and race', Academy of Management Journal, vol. 23, pp. 738-49.
    • (1980) Academy of Management Journal , vol.23 , pp. 738-749
    • McIntrye, S.1    Moberg, D.2    Posner, B.3
  • 49
    • 0012090120 scopus 로고
    • The urban institute audit studies: Their research and policy context
    • 1993
    • Mincy, R. (1993). 'The Urban Institute audit studies: their research and policy context', in Fix and Struyk (1993).
    • (1993) Fix and Struyk
    • Mincy, R.1
  • 50
    • 0012500807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex discrimination in restaurant hiring: An audit study
    • Neumark, D., Bank, R. and Van Nort, K. (1996). 'Sex discrimination in restaurant hiring: an audit study', Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 111, pp. 915-41.
    • (1996) Quarterly Journal of Economics , vol.111 , pp. 915-941
    • Neumark, D.1    Bank, R.2    Van Nort, K.3
  • 51
    • 84925911433 scopus 로고
    • Discrimination in recruitment: An empirical analysis
    • Newman, J. (1978). 'Discrimination in recruitment: an empirical analysis', Industrial and Labor Relations Review, vol. 32, pp. 15-23.
    • (1978) Industrial and Labor Relations Review , vol.32 , pp. 15-23
    • Newman, J.1
  • 52
    • 0012090838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of Caucasian and African-American applicants by San Francisco Bay Area employment agencies: Results of a study utilizing "testers"
    • San Francisco: The Impact Fund
    • Nunes, A. and Seligman, B. (1999). 'Treatment of Caucasian and African-American applicants by San Francisco Bay Area employment agencies: results of a study utilizing "testers"', The Testing Project of the Impact Fund, San Francisco: The Impact Fund.
    • (1999) The Testing Project of the Impact Fund
    • Nunes, A.1    Seligman, B.2
  • 53
    • 33645357400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of the treatment of female and male applicants by San Francisco Bay Area auto service shops
    • San Francisco: The Impact Fund
    • Nunes, A. and Seligman, B. (2000). 'A study of the treatment of female and male applicants by San Francisco Bay Area auto service shops', The Testing Project of the Impact Fund, San Francisco: The Impact Fund.
    • (2000) The Testing Project of the Impact Fund
    • Nunes, A.1    Seligman, B.2
  • 54
    • 0001169470 scopus 로고
    • Male-female wage differentials in urban labor markets
    • Oaxaca, R. (1973). 'Male-female wage differentials in urban labor markets', International Economic Review, vol. 14, pp. 693-709.
    • (1973) International Economic Review , vol.14 , pp. 693-709
    • Oaxaca, R.1
  • 55
    • 0001608896 scopus 로고
    • The statistical theory of racism and sexism
    • Phelps, E. (1972). 'The statistical theory of racism and sexism', American Economic Review, vol. 62, pp. 659-61.
    • (1972) American Economic Review , vol.62 , pp. 659-661
    • Phelps, E.1
  • 56
    • 84981869292 scopus 로고
    • Testing for sexual discrimination in the labour market
    • Riach, P. and Rich, J. (1987). 'Testing for sexual discrimination in the labour market', Australian Economic Papers, vol. 26, pp. 165-78.
    • (1987) Australian Economic Papers , vol.26 , pp. 165-178
    • Riach, P.1    Rich, J.2
  • 57
    • 0026277211 scopus 로고
    • Testing for racial discrimination in the labour market
    • Riach, P. and Rich, J. (1991). 'Testing for racial discrimination in the labour market', Cambridge Journal of Economics, vol. 15, pp. 239-56.
    • (1991) Cambridge Journal of Economics , vol.15 , pp. 239-256
    • Riach, P.1    Rich, J.2
  • 58
    • 0012060845 scopus 로고
    • Measuring discrimination by direct experimental methods: Seeking gunsmoke
    • Riach, P. and Rich, J. (1991-2). 'Measuring discrimination by direct experimental methods: seeking gunsmoke', Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, vol. 14, pp. 143-50.
    • (1991) Journal of Post Keynesian Economics , vol.14 , pp. 143-150
    • Riach, P.1    Rich, J.2
  • 59
    • 0032359870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Of chicken entrails, anthropology and a realistic social science
    • Riach, P. and Rich, J. (1998). 'Of chicken entrails, anthropology and a realistic social science', Feminist Economics, vol. 4, pp. 187-91.
    • (1998) Feminist Economics , vol.4 , pp. 187-191
    • Riach, P.1    Rich, J.2
  • 60
    • 0012069406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Women's work or work for women?
    • (P. Arestis and S. Dow, eds). London: Taylor and Francis
    • Riach, P. and Rich, J. (2002). 'Women's work or work for women?', in (P. Arestis and S. Dow, eds). Methodology, Microeconomics and Keynes, London: Taylor and Francis.
    • (2002) Methodology, Microeconomics and Keynes
    • Riach, P.1    Rich, J.2
  • 61
    • 0012063052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • La discrimination a l'acces a l'emploi en raison de l'origine etrangere: Le cas de le Belgique
    • Geneva: International Labour Office
    • Smeesters, B. and Nayer, A. (1998). 'La discrimination a l'acces a l'emploi en raison de l'origine etrangere: le cas de le Belgique', International Migration Papers 23, Geneva: International Labour Office.
    • (1998) International Migration Papers 23
    • Smeesters, B.1    Nayer, A.2
  • 62
    • 38249011398 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of racial steering in four metropolitan areas
    • Turner, M. and Mikelsons M. (1992). 'Patterns of racial steering in four metropolitan areas', Journal of Housing Economics, vol. 2, pp. 199-234.
    • (1992) Journal of Housing Economics , vol.2 , pp. 199-234
    • Turner, M.1    Mikelsons, M.2
  • 64
    • 84964147576 scopus 로고
    • A note on the testing of discrimination
    • Ward R. (1969). 'A note on the testing of discrimination', Race, vol. 11, pp. 218-33.
    • (1969) Race , vol.11 , pp. 218-233
    • Ward, R.1
  • 67
    • 0022843928 scopus 로고
    • Measuring discrimination with fair housing audits: Caught in the act
    • Yinger, J. (1986). 'Measuring discrimination with fair housing audits: caught in the act', American Economic Review, vol. 76, pp. 881-93.
    • (1986) American Economic Review , vol.76 , pp. 881-893
    • Yinger, J.1
  • 68
    • 0003244202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing for discrimination in housing and related markets
    • (M. Fix and M. Turner, eds.), Washington D.C., The Urban Institute Press
    • Yinger, J. (1998). Testing for Discrimination in Housing and Related Markets. In (M. Fix and M. Turner, eds.), A National Report Card on Discrimination in America. The Role of Testing, Washington D.C., The Urban Institute Press.
    • (1998) A National Report Card on Discrimination in America. The Role of Testing
    • Yinger, J.1
  • 69
    • 38149143452 scopus 로고
    • Acts of discrimination: Evidence from the 1989 housing discrimination study
    • Yinger, J. (1991). 'Acts of discrimination: evidence from the 1989 Housing Discrimination Study', Journal of Housing Economics, vol. 1, pp. 318-46.
    • (1991) Journal of Housing Economics , vol.1 , pp. 318-346
    • Yinger, J.1
  • 70
    • 0012060847 scopus 로고
    • Access denied, access constrained: Results and implications of the 1989 housing discrimination study
    • 1993
    • Yinger, J. (1993). 'Access denied, access constrained: results and implications of the 1989 Housing Discrimination Study', in Fix and Struyk (1993).
    • (1993) Fix and Struyk
    • Yinger, J.1
  • 72
    • 0001780870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence on discrimination in consumer markets
    • Yinger, J. (1998a). 'Evidence on discrimination in consumer markets', Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 12, pp. 23-40.
    • (1998) Journal of Economic Perspectives , vol.12 , pp. 23-40
    • Yinger, J.1
  • 73
    • 0003244202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing for discrimination in housing and related markets
    • (M. Fix and M. Turner, eds), Washington DC: The Urban Institute Press
    • Yinger, J. (1998b). 'Testing for discrimination in housing and related markets', in (M. Fix and M. Turner, eds), A National Report Card on Discrimination in America: The Role of Testing, Washington DC: The Urban Institute Press.
    • (1998) A National Report Card on Discrimination in America: The Role of Testing
    • Yinger, J.1
  • 74
    • 0012038053 scopus 로고
    • Summary of the urban institute's and the university of Colorado's hiring audits
    • 1993
    • Zimmermann, W. (1993). 'Summary of the Urban Institute's and the University of Colorado's hiring audits', in Fix and Struyk (1993).
    • (1993) Fix and Struyk
    • Zimmermann, W.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.