Calcium supplements and fracture prevention

New England Journal of Medicine

Volumn 369, Issue 16, 2013, Pages 1537-1543

  Bauer, Douglas C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM CARBONATE; PLACEBO; VITAMIN D; CALCIUM;

ADVERSE OUTCOME; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS; CONSTIPATION; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DYSPEPSIA; FRACTURE; HUMAN; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENT; PATIENT EDUCATION; PATIENT SAFETY; POSTMENOPAUSE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; RISK FACTOR; CALCIUM INTAKE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CHEMICALLY INDUCED DISORDER; DAIRY PRODUCT; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE POLICY; MIDDLE AGED; NEPHROLITHIASIS;

CALCIUM; CALCIUM, DIETARY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DAIRY PRODUCTS; FEMALE; FRACTURES, BONE; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; NEPHROLITHIASIS; NUTRITION POLICY;

EID: 84885694103     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: 15334406     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMcp1210380     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Dawson-Hughes B. Calcium insufficiency and fracture risk. Osteoporos Int 1996;6:Suppl 3:37-41.
2. Rosen CJ. Vitamin D insufficiency. N Engl J Med 2011;364:248-54.
3. Hunt CD, Johnson LK. Calcium requirements: new estimations for men and women by cross-sectional statistical analyses of calcium balance data from metabolic studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;86:1054-63.
4. Gallagher JC, Yalamanchili V, Smith LM. The effect of vitamin D on calcium absorption in older women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012;97:3550-6.
5. Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2011.
6. Bailey RL, Dodd KW, Goldman JA, et al. Estimation of total usual calcium and vitamin D intakes in the United States. J Nutr 2010;140:817-22.
7. USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, release 26. Beltsville, MD: U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, 2013 (http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=8964).
8. Gahche J, Bailey R, Burt V, et al. Dietary supplement use among U.S. adults has increased since NHANES III (1988-1994). NCHS Data Brief 2011;61:1-8.
9. Rafferty K, Walters G, Heaney RP. Calcium fortificants: overview and strategies for improving calcium nutriture of the U.S. population. J Food Sci 2007;72:R152-R158.
10. Prince R, Devine A, Dick I, et al. The effects of calcium supplementation (milk powder or tablets) and exercise on bone density in postmenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res 1995;10:1068-75.
11. Straub DA. Calcium supplementation in clinical practice: a review of forms, doses, and indications. Nutr Clin Pract 2007;22:286-96.
12. Warensjö E, Byberg L, Melhus H, et al. Dietary calcium intake and risk of fracture and osteoporosis: prospective longitudinal cohort study. BMJ 2011;342:d1473.
13. Shea B, Wells G, Cranney A, et al. Meta-analyses of therapies for postmenopausal osteoporosis. VII. Meta-analysis of calcium supplementation for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Endocr Rev 2002;23:552-9.
14. Jackson RD, LaCroix AZ, Gass M, et al. Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of fractures. N Engl J Med 2006;354:669-83. [Erratum, N Engl J Med 2006;354:1102.]
15. Lappe JM, Heaney RP. Why randomized controlled trials of calcium and vitamin D sometimes fail. Dermatoendocrinol 2012;4:95-100.
16. Chung M, Lee J, Terasawa T, Lau J, Trikalinos TA. Vitamin D with or without calcium supplementation for prevention of cancer and fractures: an updated meta-analysis for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2011;155:827-38.
17. Tang BM, Eslick GD, Nowson C, Smith C, Bensoussan A. Use of calcium or calcium in combination with vitamin D supplementation to prevent fractures and bone loss in people aged 50 years and older: a meta-analysis. Lancet 2007;370:657-66. [Erratum, Lancet 2012;380:806.]
18. Reid IR, Bolland MJ, Grey A. Effect of calcium supplementation on hip fractures. Osteoporos Int 2008;19:1119-23.
19. Wallace RB, Wactawski-Wende J, O'Sullivan MJ, et al. Urinary tract stone occurrence in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized clinical trial of calcium and vitamin D supplements. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94:270-7.
20. Curhan GC, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Spiegelman D, Stampfer MJ. Comparison of dietary calcium with supplemental calcium and other nutrients as factors affecting the risk for kidney stones in women. Ann Intern Med 1997;126:497-504.
21. Taylor EN, Curhan GC. Dietary calcium from dairy and nondairy sources, and risk of symptomatic kidney stones. J Urol 2013 March 25 (Epub ahead of print).
22. Bolland MJ, Avenell A, Baron JA, et al. Effect of calcium supplements on risk of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular events: meta-analysis. BMJ 2010;341:c3691.
23. Hsia J, Heiss G, Ren H, et al. Calcium/vitamin D supplementation and cardiovascular events. Circulation 2007;115:846-54.
24. LaCroix AZ, Kotchen J, Anderson G, et al. Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and mortality in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative calcium-vitamin D randomized controlled trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2009;64:559-67.
25. Bolland MJ, Grey A, Avenell A, Gamble GD, Reid IR. Calcium supplements with or without vitamin D and risk of cardiovascular events: reanalysis of the Women's Health Initiative limited access dataset and meta-analysis. BMJ 2011;342:d2040.
26. Bolland MJ, Grey A, Reid IR. Authors' response to editorial. BMJ 2011;342:d3520.
27. Abrahamsen B, Sahota O. Do calcium plus vitamin D supplements increase cardiovascular risk? BMJ 2011;342:d2080.
28. Nordin BE, Lewis JR, Daly RM, et al. The calcium scare - what would Austin Bradford Hill have thought? Osteoporos Int 2011;22:3073-7.
29. Hennekens CH, Barice EJ. Calcium supplements and risk of myocardial infarction: a hypothesis formulated but not yet adequately tested. Am J Med 2011;124:1097-8.
30. Reid IR, Bolland MJ, Grey A. Calcium supplements and risk of myocardial infarction: an hypothesis twice tested. Am J Med 2012;125(4):e15.
31. Wang L, Manson JE, Song Y, Sesso HD. Systematic review: vitamin D and calcium supplementation in prevention of cardiovascular events. Ann Intern Med 2010;152:315-23.
32. Lewis JR, Calver J, Zhu K, Flicker L, Prince RL. Calcium supplementation and the risks of atherosclerotic vascular disease in older women: results of a 5-year RCT and a 4.5-year follow-up. J Bone Miner Res 2011;26:35-41.
33. Li K, Kaaks R, Linseisen J, Rohrmann S. Associations of dietary calcium intake and calcium supplementation with myocardial infarction and stroke risk and overall cardiovascular mortality in the Heidelberg cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (EPIC-Heidelberg). Heart 2012;98:920-5.
34. Xiao Q, Murphy RA, Houston DK, Harris TB, Chow WH, Park Y. Dietary and supplemental calcium intake and cardiovascular disease mortality: the National Institutes of Health-AARP diet and health study. JAMA Intern Med 2013;173:639-46.
35. Langsetmo L, Berger C, Kreiger N, et al. Calcium and vitamin D intake and mortality: results from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013;98:3010-8.
36. Cauley J, Wactawski-Wende J, Robbins J, et al. The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) calcium plus vitamin D supplementation trial: health outcomes 5 years after trial completion. J Womens Health (Larchmt) (in press).
37. Kaluza J, Orsini N, Levitan EB, Brzozowska A, Roszkowski W, Wolk A. Dietary calcium and magnesium intake and mortality: a prospective study of men. Am J Epidemiol 2010;171:801-7.
38. Al-Delaimy WK, Rimm E, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Hu FB. A prospective study of calcium intake from diet and supplements and risk of ischemic heart disease among men. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;77:814-8.
39. Bostick RM, Kushi LH, Wu Y, Meyer KA, Sellers TA, Folsom AR. Relation of calcium, vitamin D, and dairy food intake to ischemic heart disease mortality among postmenopausal women. Am J Epidemiol 1999;149:151-61.
40. Michaëlsson K, Melhus H, Warensjø Lemming E, Wolk A, Byberg L. Long term calcium intake and rates of all cause and cardiovascular mortality: community based prospective longitudinal cohort study. BMJ 2013;346:f228.
41. Samelson EJ, Booth SL, Fox CS, et al. Calcium intake is not associated with increased coronary artery calcification: the Framingham Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;96:1274-80.
42. Manson JE, Allison MA, Carr JJ, et al. Calcium/vitamin D supplementation and coronary artery calcification in the Women's Health Initiative. Menopause 2010;17:683-91.
43. Vitamin D and calcium supplementation to prevent cancer and osteoporotic fractures in adults: draft recommendation statement. Rockville, MD: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, 2012 (http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce. org/uspstf12/vitamind/draftrecvitd.htm).
44. Bockman RS, Zapalowski C, Kiel DP, Adler RA. Commentary on calcium supplements and cardiovascular events. J Clin Densitom 2012;15:130-4.
45. Moyer VA. Vitamin D and calcium supplementation to prevent fractures in adults: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med 2013;158:691-6.