Oxidation-specific epitopes as targets for biotheranostic applications in humans: Biomarkers, molecular imaging and therapeutics

Current Opinion in Lipidology

Volumn 24, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 426-437

  Miller, Yury I ^a   Tsimikas, Sotirios ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETALDEHYDE; ANTIBODY; APOLIPOPROTEIN B100; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; COMPLEMENT FACTOR H; EPITOPE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN M ANTIBODY; LIPOPROTEIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLE; MALONALDEHYDE; OXIDATION SPECIFIC ANTIBODY; OXIDATION SPECIFIC EPITOPE; PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTOR; PHOSPHOLIPID DERIVATIVE; PLASMINOGEN; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; ANTIGEN RECOGNITION; ATHEROGENESIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; FIBRINOLYSIS; FOAM CELL; GENE OVEREXPRESSION; HUMAN; IMMUNOGENICITY; INNATE IMMUNITY; LIPID OXIDATION; MOLECULAR IMAGING; NANOIMAGING; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; THROMBOSIS;

ANTIBODIES; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; BLOOD PROTEINS; EPITOPES; FOAM CELLS; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; INFLAMMATION MEDIATORS; MAGNETITE NANOPARTICLES; MOLECULAR IMAGING; OXIDATION-REDUCTION; PLAQUE, ATHEROSCLEROTIC;

EID: 84883764716     PISSN: 09579672     EISSN: 14736535     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0b013e328364e85a     Document Type: Review

References (46)

1. Steinberg D, Parthasarathy S, Carew TE, et al. Beyond cholesterol. Modifications of low-density lipoprotein that increase its atherogenicity. N Engl J Med 1989; 320:915-924
2. Leibundgut G, Witztum JL, Tsimikas S. Oxidation-specific epitopes and immunological responses translational biotheranostic implications for atherosclerosis. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2013; 13:168-179
3. Weismann D, Hartvigsen K, Lauer N, et al. Complement factor H binds malondialdehyde epitopes and protects from oxidative stress. Nature 2011; 478:76-81
4. Miller YI, Choi SH, Wiesner P, et al. Oxidation-specific epitopes are dangerassociated molecular patterns recognized by pattern recognition receptors of innate immunity. Circ Res 2011; 108:235-248
5. Lichtman AH, Binder CJ, Tsimikas S, Witztum JL. Adaptive immunity in atherogenesis: New insights and therapeutic approaches. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:27-36
6. Miller YI, Choi SH, Fang L, Tsimikas S. Lipoprotein modification and macrophage uptake: Role of pathologic cholesterol transport in atherogenesis. Subcell Biochem 2010; 51:229-251
7. Kalet-Litman S, Moreno PR, Levy AP. The haptoglobin 2-2 genotype is associated with increased redox active hemoglobin derived iron in the atherosclerotic plaque. Atherosclerosis 2010; 209:28-31
8. Purushothaman KR, Purushothaman M, Levy AP, et al. Increased expression of oxidation-specific epitopes and apoptosis are associated with haptoglobin genotype: Possible implications for plaque progression in human atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 60:112-119
9. van Dijk RA, Kolodgie F, Ravandi A, et al. Differential expression of oxidationspecific epitopes and apolipoprotein(a) in progressing and ruptured human coronary and carotid atherosclerotic lesions. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:2773-2790
10. Matzinger P. The danger model: A renewed sense of self. Science 2002; 296:301-305
11. Chou MY, Fogelstrand L, Hartvigsen K, et al. Oxidation-specific epitopes are dominant targets of innate natural antibodies in mice and humans. J Clin Res 2009; 119:1335-1349
12. Bertoia ML, Pai JK, Lee JH, et al. Oxidation-specific biomarkers and risk of peripheral artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 61:2169-2179
13. Tsimikas S, Willeit P, Willeit J, et al. Oxidation-specific biomarkers, prospective 15-year cardiovascular and stroke outcomes, and net reclassification of cardiovascular events. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 60:2218-2229
14. Taleb A, Witztum JL, Tsimikas S.Oxidized phospholipids on apolipoprotein B-100 (OxPL/apoB) containing lipoproteins: A biomarker predicting cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular events. Biomarkers Med 2011; 5:673-694
15. Ahmadi N, Tsimikas S, Hajsadeghi F, et al. Relation of oxidative biomarkers, vascular dysfunction, and progression of coronary artery calcium. Am J Cardiol 2010; 105:459-466
16. Budoff MJ, Ahmadi N, Gul KM, et al. Aged garlic extract supplemented with B vitamins, folic acid and L-Arginine retards the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis: A randomized clinical trial. Prev Med 2009; 49:101-107
17. Tsimikas S, Mallat Z, Talmud PJ, et al. Oxidation-specific biomarkers, lipoprotein(a), and risk of fatal and nonfatal coronary events. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 56:946-955
18. Ky B, Burke A, Tsimikas S, et al. The influence of pravastatin and atorvastatin on markers of oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemic humans. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 51:1653-1662
19. Holvoet P, Lee DH, Steffes M, et al. Association between circulating oxidized low-density lipoprotein and incidence of the metabolic syndrome. JAMA 2008; 299:2287-2293
20. Itabe H. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein as a biomarker of in vivo oxidative stress: From atherosclerosis to periodontitis. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2012; 51:1-8
21. Edelstein C, Pfaffinger D, Hinman J, et al. Lysine-phosphatidylcholine adducts in kringleVimpart uniqueimmunological and potential pro-inflammatory properties to human apolipoprotein(a). J Biol Chem 2003; 278:52841-52847
22. Bergmark C, Dewan A, Orsoni A, et al. A novel function of lipoprotein [a] as a preferential carrier of oxidized phospholipids in human plasma. J Lipid Res 2008; 49:2230-2239
23. Nordestgaard BG, Chapman MJ, Ray K, et al. Lipoprotein(a) as a cardiovascular risk factor: Current status. Eur Heart J 2010; 31:2844-2853
24. Merki E, Graham M, Taleb A, et al. Antisense oligonucleotide lowers plasma levels of apolipoprotein (a) and lipoprotein (a) in transgenic mice. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 57:1611-1621
25. Kolski B, Tsimikas S. Emerging therapeutic agents to lower lipoprotein (a) levels. Curr Opin Lipidol 2012; 23:560-568
26. Leibundgut G, Scipione C, Yin HY, et al. Oxidized phospholipids on apolipoprotein (a) are only present on human Lp(a): Implications for understanding Lp(a) atherogenicity. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 61:E2037
27. 2-dependent apoptosis in macrophages undergoing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Cell Metab 2010; 12:467-482
28. Tsimikas S, Clopton P, Brilakis ES, et al. Relationship of oxidized phospholipids on apolipoprotein B-100 particles to race/ethnicity, apolipoprotein(a) isoform size, and cardiovascular risk factors: Results from the Dallas Heart Study. Circulation 2009; 119:1711-1719
29. Edelstein C, Pfaffinger D, Yang M, et al. Naturally occurring human plasminogen, like genetically related apolipoprotein(a), contains oxidized phosphatidylcholine adducts. Biochim Biophys Acta 2010; 1801:738-745
30. Leibundgut G, Arai K, Orsoni A, et al. Oxidized phospholipids are present on plasminogen, affect and increase following acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 59:1426-1437
31. Briley-Saebo KC, Cho YS, Shaw PX, et al. Targeted iron oxide particles for in vivo magnetic resonance detection of atherosclerotic lesions with antibodies directed to oxidation-specific epitopes. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 57:337-347
32. Briley-Saebo KC, Nguyen TH, Saeboe AM, et al. In vivo detection of oxidationspecific epitopes in atherosclerotic lesions using biocompatible manganese molecular magnetic imaging probes. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 59:616-626
33. Briley-Saebo KC, Shaw PX, Mulder WJ, et al. Targeted molecular probes for imaging atherosclerotic lesions with magnetic resonance using antibodies that recognize oxidation-specific epitopes. Circulation 2008; 117:3206-3215
34. Fang L, Green SR, Baek JS, et al. In vivo visualization and attenuation of oxidized lipid accumulation in hypercholesterolemic zebrafish. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:4861-4869
35. Binder CJ, Chang MK, Shaw PX, et al. Innate and acquired immunity in atherogenesis. Nat Med 2002; 8:1218-1226
36. Lewis MJ, Malik TH, Ehrenstein MR, et al. Immunoglobulin M is required for protection against atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice. Circulation 2009; 120:417-426
37. Kyaw T, Tay C, Khan A, et al. Conventional B2 B cell depletion ameliorates whereas its adoptive transfer aggravates atherosclerosis. J Immunol 2010; 185:4410-4419
38. Faria-Neto JR, Chyu KY, Li X, et al. Passive immunization with monoclonal IgM antibodies against phosphorylcholine reduces accelerated vein graft atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-null mice. Atherosclerosis 2006; 189:83-90
39. Schiopu A, Frendeus Br, Jansson B, et al. Recombinant antibodies to an oxidized low-density lipoprotein epitope induce rapid regression of atherosclerosis in Apobec-1-/-/Low-Density Lipoprotein receptor-/-mice. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 50:2313-2318
40. Ravandi A, Boekholdt SM, Mallat Z, et al. Relationship of IgG and IgM autoantibodies and immune complexes to oxidized LDL with markers of oxidation and inflammation and cardiovascular events: Results from the EPIC-Norfolk Study. J Lipid Res 2011; 52:1829-1836
41. Tsimikas S, Brilakis ES, Lennon RJ, et al. Relationship of IgG and IgM autoantibodies to oxidized low density lipoprotein with coronary artery disease and cardiovascular events. J Lipid Res 2007; 48:425-433
42. Shaw PX, Horkko S, Tsimikas S, et al. Human-derived antioxidized LDL autoantibody blocks uptake of oxidized LDL by macrophages and localizes to atherosclerotic lesions in vivo. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2001; 21:1333-1339
43. Tsimikas S, Miyanohara A, Hartvigsen K, et al. Human oxidation-specific antibodies reduce foam cell formation and atherosclerosis progression. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58:1715-1727
44. Torzewski M, Shaw PX, Han KR, et al. Reduced in vivo aortic uptake of radiolabeled oxidation-specific antibodies reflects changes in plaque composition consistent with plaque stabilization. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004; 24:2307-2312
45. Tsimikas S, Aikawa M, Miller FJ Jr, et al. Increased plasma oxidized phospholipid: Apolipoprotein B-100 ratio with concomitant depletion of oxidized phospholipids from atherosclerotic lesions after dietary lipid-lowering: A potential biomarker of early atherosclerosis regression. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007; 27:175-181
46. Aikawa M, Sugiyama S, Hill CC, et al. Lipid lowering reduces oxidative stress and endothelial cell activation in rabbit atheroma. Circulation 2002; 106:1390-1396