Young adult offenders: The need for more effective legislative options and justice processing farrington, loeber, and howell young adult offenders

Criminology and Public Policy

Volumn 11, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 729-750

  Farrington, David P ^a   Loeber, Rolf ^b   Howell, James C ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

^c Comprehensive Strategy Group ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84883531929     PISSN: 15386473     EISSN: 17459133     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-9133.2012.00842.x     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Allen, Rob. 2012. Young adults in the English criminal justice system: The policy challenges. In (Friedrich Lösel, Anthony Bottoms, and David P. Farrington, eds.), Young Adult Offenders: Lost in Transition? London, U.K.: Routledge.
2. Annie E. Casey Foundation. 2005. Reentry: Helping Former Prisoners Return to Communities, A Guide to Key Ideas, Effective Approaches, and Technical Assistance Resources for Making Connections. Baltimore, MD: Annie E. Casey Foundation.
3. Aos, Steven, Polly Phipps, Robert Barnoski, and Roxanne Lieb 2001. The Comparative Costs and Benefits of Programs to Reduce Crime. Olympia: Washington State Institute for Public Policy.
4. Applegate, Brandon K., Robin K. Davis, and Francis T. Cullen 2009. Reconsidering child saving: The extent and correlates of public support for excluding youths from the juvenile court. Crime & Delinquency, 55: 51-77.
5. Arnett, Jeffrey J. 2000. Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55: 469-480.
6. Arnett, Jeffrey J. 2007. Emerging adulthood: What is it, and what is it good for? Child Development Perspectives, 1: 68-73.
7. Austin, James. 2006. How much risk can we take? The misuse of risk assessment in corrections. Federal Probation, 70: 58-63.
8. Baer, Demelza, Avinash Bhati, Lisa Brooks, Jennifer Castro, Nancy La Vigne, Kamala Mallik-Kane, Rebecca Naser, Jenny Osborne, Caterina Oman, John Roman, Shelli Rossman, Amy Solomon, Christy Visher, and Laura Winterfield 2006. Understanding the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.
9. Barrow Cadbury Trust. 2005. Lost in Transition. London, U.K.: Author.
10. Barrow Cadbury Trust. 2009. Economic Analysis of Interventions for Young Adult Offenders. London, U.K.: Author.
11. Bishop, Donna M. and Charles E. Frazier 2000. Consequences of transfer. In (Jeffrey E. Fagan and Franklin E. Zimring, eds.), The Changing Borders of Juvenile Justice: Transfer of Adolescents to the Criminal Court. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
12. Bonnie, Richard J. and Thomas Grisso 2000. Adjudicative competence and youthful offenders. In (Thomas Grisso and Robert G. Schwartz, eds.), Youth on Trial: A Developmental Perspective on Juvenile Justice. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
13. Cohen, Thomas H. and Tracey Kyckelhahn 2010. Federal Defendants in Large Urban Counties, 2006. Washington, DC: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics.
14. Cullen, Francis T. 2007. Make rehabilitation corrections' guiding paradigm. Criminology & Public Policy, 6: 717-728.
15. De Brito, Stéphane A., Andrea Mechelli, Marko Wilke, Kristin R. Laurens, Alice P. Jones, Gareth J. Barker, Sheilagh Hodgins, and Essi Viding 2009. Size matters: Increased grey matter in boys with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits. Brain: A Journal of Neurology, 132: 843-852.
16. Denno, Deborah. 2006. The mind of a child: The relationship between brain development, cognitive functioning, and accountability under the law: The scientific shortcomings of Roper v. Simmons. Ohio State Journal of Criminal Law, 3: 380-396.
17. Dunkel, Frieder and Ineke Pruin 2012. Young adult offenders in juvenile and criminal justice systems in Europe. In (Friedrich Lösel, Anthony Bottoms, and David P. Farrington, eds.), Young Adult Offenders: Lost in Transition? London, U.K.: Routledge.
18. Farrington, David P. 1977. The effects of public labelling. British Journal of Criminology, 17: 112-125.
19. Farrington, David P. 1986. Age and crime. In (Michael H. Tonry and Norval Morris, eds.), Crime and Justice. Vol. 7. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
20. Farrington, David P. 2012. Childhood risk factors for young adult offending: Onset and persistence. In (Friedrich Lösel, Anthony Bottoms, and David P. Farrington, eds.), Young Adult Offenders: Lost in Transition? London, U.K.: Routledge.
21. Farrington, David P., Jeremy W. Coid, Louise M. Harnett, Darrick Jolliffe, Nadine Soteriou, Richard E. Turner, and Donald J. West 2006. Criminal Careers Up to Age 50 and Life Success Up to Age 48: New Findings from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development. London, U.K.: Home Office (Research Study No. 299).
22. Farrington, David P., Steven G. Osborn, and Donald J. West 1978. The persistence of labelling effects. British Journal of Criminology, 18: 277-284.
23. Farrington, David P. and Brandon C. Welsh 2007. Saving Children from a Life of Crime: Early Risk Factors and Effective Interventions. New York: Oxford University Press.
24. Farrington, David P. and Brandon C. Welsh In press. Randomized experiments in criminology: What has been learned from long-term follow-ups? In (Brandon C. Welsh, Anthony A. Braga, and J. N. Bruinsma Gerben, eds.), Experimenting with Crime and Criminal Justice: Prospects for Improving Science and Public Policy. New York: Cambridge University Press.
25. Feld, Barry C. 2008. A slower form of death: Implications of Roper v. Simmons for juveniles sentenced to life without parole. Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics, & Public Policy, 22: 9-65.
26. Foss, Robert. 2002. Translating Injury Prevention Research into Action: A Strategic Workshop. Dallas, TX (February 1).
27. Giedd, Jay N. 2004. Structural magnetic resonance imaging of the adolescent brain. ANNALS of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1021: 77-85.
28. Griffin, Patrick. 2012. Legal boundaries between the juvenile and criminal justice systems in the United States. In (Rolf Loeber and David P. Farrington, eds.), From Juvenile Delinquency to Adult Crime: Criminal Careers, Justice Policy, and Prevention. New York: Oxford University Press.
29. Grisso, Thomas. 1997. The competence of adolescents as trial defendants. Psychology, Public Policy and Law, 3: 3-32.
30. Grisso, Thomas. 2000. Forensic clinical evaluations related to waiver of jurisdiction. In (Jeffrey Fagan and Franklin E. Zimring, eds.) The Changing Borders of Juvenile Justice: Transfer to Criminal Court. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
31. Grisso, Thomas, Laurence Steinberg, Jennifer Woolard, Elizabeth Cauffman, Elizabeth Scott, Sandra Graham, Fran Lexcen, N. Dickon Reppucci, and Robert Schwartz 2003. Juveniles' competence to stand trial: A comparison of adolescents' and adults' capacities as trial defendants. Law and Human Behavior, 27: 333-363.
32. Harlow, Caroline W. 2003. Education and Correctional Populations. Washington, DC: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics.
33. Helyar-Cardwell, Vicki. 2009a. A New Start: Young Adults in the Criminal Justice System. London, U.K.: Transition to Adulthood Alliance.
34. Helyar-Cardwell, Vicki. 2009b. Young Adult Manifesto. London, U.K.: Transition to Adulthood Alliance.
35. Henrichson, Christian and Valerie Levshin 2011. Cost-Benefit Analysis of Raising the Age of Juvenile Jurisdiction in North Carolina. New York: Vera Institute of Justice.
36. Howell, James C. 2009. Preventing and Reducing Juvenile Delinquency: A Comprehensive Framework, 2nd Edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
37. Howell, James C., Barry C. Feld, and Daniel P. Mears 2012. Young offenders and an effective justice system response: What happens, what should happen, and what we need to know. In (Rolf Loeber and David P. Farrington, eds.), From Juvenile Delinquency to Adult Crime: Criminal Careers, Justice Policy, and Prevention. New York: Oxford University Press.
38. Huizinga, David and Kimberly L. Henry 2008. The effect of arrest and justice system sanctions on subsequent behavior: Findings from longitudinal and other studies. In (Akiva M. Liberman, ed.), The Long View of Crime: A Synthesis of Longitudinal Research. New York: Springer.
39. Kazemian, Lila and David P. Farrington 2006. Exploring residual career length and residual number of offenses for two generations of repeat offenders. Journal of Research in Crime & Delinquency, 43: 89-113.
40. Killias, Martin, Santiago Redondo, and Jerzy Sarnecki 2012. European perspectives. In (Rolf Loeber and David P. Farrington, eds.), From Juvenile Delinquency to Adult Crime: Criminal Careers, Justice Policy, and Prevention. New York: Oxford University Press.
41. Kupchik, Aaron. 2006. Judging Juveniles: Prosecuting Adolescents in Adult and Juvenile Courts. New York: New York University Press.
42. Lipsey, Mark W. 2009. The primary factors that characterize effective interventions with juvenile offenders: A meta-analytic overview. Victims & Offenders, 4: 124-147.
43. Lipsey, Mark W. and Francis T. Cullen 2007. The effectiveness of correctional rehabilitation: A review of systematic reviews. Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 3: 297-320.
44. Loeber, Rolf and David P. Farrington, eds. 2012. From Juvenile Delinquency to Adult Crime: Criminal Careers, Justice Policy, and Prevention. New York: Oxford University Press.
45. Loeber, Rolf, David P. Farrington, Magda Stouthamer-Loeber, Helene R. White, and Evelyn Wei 2008. Violence and Serious Theft: Development and Prediction from Childhood to Adulthood. New York: Routledge.
46. McGee, Tara R. and David P. Farrington 2010. Are there any true adult onset offenders? British Journal of Criminology, 50: 530-549.
47. McGowan, Angela, Robert Hahn, Akiva Liberman, Alex Crosby, Mindy Fullilove, Robert Johnson, Eve Moscicki, LeShawndra Price, Susan Snyder, Farris Tuma, Jessica Lowy, Peter Briss, Stella Cory, Glenda Stone, and Task Force on Community Preventive Services. 2007. Effects on violence of laws and policies facilitating the transfer of juveniles from the juvenile justice system to the adult justice system: A systematic review. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 32(4 Suppl. #1): 7-28.
48. Mears, Daniel P. and Jeremy Travis 2004. Youth development and reentry. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 2: 3-20.
49. Modecki, Kathryn L. 2008. Addressing gaps in the maturity judgment literature: Age differences and delinquency. Law and Human Behavior, 32: 78-91.
50. Moffitt, Terrie E. 1993. Adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent antisocial behavior: A developmental taxonomy. Psychological Review, 100: 674-701.
51. Morse, Stephen J. 1999. Delinquency and desert. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 564: 56-80.
52. Piquero, Alex R., David P. Farrington, and Alfred Blumstein 2007. Key Issues in Criminal Career Research: New Analyses of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development. New York: Cambridge University Press.
53. Piquero, Alex R., J. David Hawkins, and Lila Kazemian 2012. Criminal career patterns. In (Rolf Loeber and David P. Farrington, eds.), From Juvenile Delinquency to Adult Crime: Criminal Careers, Justice Policy, and Prevention. New York: Oxford University Press.
54. Piquero, Alex R., Wesley G. Jennings, and David P. Farrington 2010. On the malleability of self-control: Theoretical and policy implications regarding a general theory of crime. Justice Quarterly, 27: 803-834.
55. Prime, Julian, Steve White, Sarah Liriano, and Kinnari Patel 2001. Criminal Careers of Those Born Between 1953 and 1978. London, U.K.: Home Office (Statistical Bulletin 4/01).
56. Prior, David, Kathryn Farrow, Nathan Hughes, Gill Kelly, Gary Manders, Sue White, and Bernadette Wilkinson 2011. Maturity, Young Adults and Criminal Justice. Birmingham, U.K.: Institute of Applied Social Studies, School of Social Policy, University of Birmingham.
57. Raine, Adrian, Todd Lencz, Susan Bihrle, Lori LaCasse, and Patrick Colletti 2000. Reduced prefrontal gray matter volume and reduced autonomic activity in antisocial personality disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 57: 119-127.
58. Redding, Richard E. 2008. Juvenile Transfer Laws: An Effective Deterrent to Delinquency? Washington, DC: U.S. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
59. Redding, Richard E. and Elizabeth J. Fuller 2004. What do juvenile offenders know about being tried as adults? Implications for deterrence. Juvenile and Family Court Journal, 55: 35-44.
60. Scott, Elizabeth S. and Thomas Grisso 2005. Developmental incompetence, due process, and juvenile justice policy. North Carolina Law Review, 83: 793-845.
61. Scott, Elizabeth S. and Laurence Steinberg 2008. Rethinking Juvenile Justice. Boston, MA: Harvard University Press.
62. Seiter, Richard P. and Karen R. Kadela 2003. Prisoner reentry: What works, what does not, and what is promising. Crime & Delinquency, 49: 360-388.
63. Soderstrom, Irina R., Thomas C. Castellano, and Heather R. Figaro 2001. Measuring mature coping skills among adult and juvenile offenders: A psychometric assessment of relevant instruments. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 28: 300-328.
64. Sowell, Elizabeth R., Dean Delis, Joan Stiles, and Terry L. Jernigan 2001. Improved memory functioning and frontal lobe maturation between childhood and adolescence: A structural MRI study. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 7: 312-322.
65. Steinberg, Laurence. 2004. Risk taking in adolescence: What changes, and why? ANNALS of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1021: 51-58.
66. Steinberg, Laurence. 2007. Risk taking in adolescence: New perspectives from brain and behavioral science. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16: 55-59.
67. Steinberg, Laurence and Elizabeth Cauffman 1996. Maturity of judgment in adolescence: Psychosocial factors in adolescent decision making. Law and Human Behavior, 20: 249-272.
68. Steinberg, Laurence, Elizabeth Cauffman, Jennifer Woolard, Sandra Graham, and Marie Banich 2009. Are adolescents less mature than adults? Minors' access to abortion, the juvenile death penalty, and the alleged APA "flip-flop." American Psychologist, 64: 583-594.
69. Steinberg, Laurence, He Len Chung, and Michelle Little 2004. Re-entry of young offenders from the justice system: A developmental prospective. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 1: 1-18.
70. Steinberg, Laurence and Kathryn C. Monaghan 2007. Age differences in resistance to peer influence. Developmental Psychology, 43: 1531-1543.
71. Stump, B. 2003. Adult Time for Adult Crime-Jugendliche Zwischen Jugend- und Erwachsenenstrafrecht. Monchenglabach, Germany: Forum Verlag Godesberg.
72. Transition to Adulthood Alliance. 2010. Young Adults and Criminal Justice: International Norms and Practices. London, U.K.: Author.
73. Tremblay, Richard E. and Daniel S. Nagin 2005. The developmental origins of physical aggression in humans. In (Richard E. Tremblay, Willard H. Hartup, and John Archer, eds.), Developmental Origins of Aggression. New York: Guilford Press.
74. Welsh, Brandon C. and David P. Farrington 2011. The benefits and costs of early prevention compared with imprisonment: Toward evidence-based policy. Prison Journal, 91(3S1): 120-137.
75. Woolard, Jennifer L. and Samantha Harvell 2005. The MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool-Criminal adjudication. In (Thomas Grisso and Gina Vincent, eds.), Handbook of Mental Health Screening and Assessment for Juvenile Justice. New York: Guilford Press.