Precipitation partitioning, tropical clouds, and intraseasonal variability in GFDL AM2

Journal of Climate

Volumn 26, Issue 15, 2013, Pages 5453-5466

  Lin, Yanluan ^a,b   Zhao, Ming ^a,b   Ming, Yi ^b   Golaz, Jean Christophe ^b   Donner, Leo J ^b   Klein, Stephen A ^c   Ramaswamy, V ^b   Xie, Shaocheng ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY CORPORATION FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (United States)

^b NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^c LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

Climate models; Convective parameterization; Intraseasonal variability

Indexed keywords

CONVECTIVE PARAMETERIZATION; GEOPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS LABORATORIES; INTRASEASONAL VARIABILITY; LARGE-SCALE PRECIPITATION; MOISTURE-CONVECTION FEEDBACK; PRECIPITATION CHARACTERISTICS; PRECIPITATION VARIABILITY; TROPICAL INTRASEASONAL VARIABILITY;

CLIMATE MODELS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; NATURAL CONVECTION; TROPICS;

PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY);

ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE; CLIMATE MODELING; CLOUD COVER; COMPUTER SIMULATION; CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; CUMULUS; HEAT FLUX; PARAMETERIZATION; PARTITIONING; PRECIPITATION (CLIMATOLOGY); SEASONAL VARIATION; STRATIFICATION; TROPOSPHERE;

EID: 84881247845     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00442.1     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Anderson, J. L., and Coauthors, 2004: The new GFDL global atmosphere and land model AM2-LM2: Evaluation with prescribed SST simulations. J. Climate, 17, 4641-4673.
2. Arakawa, A., and W. H. Schubert, 1974: Interaction of a cumulus cloud ensemble with the large-scale environment. Part I. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 674-701.
3. Bechtold, P., M. Ko€hler, T. Jung, F. Doblas-Reyes, M. Leutbecher, M. Rodwell, F. Vitart, and G. Balsamo, 2008: Advances in simulating atmospheric variability with the ECMWF model: From synoptic to decadal time-scales. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 134, 1337-1351.
4. Benedict, J. J., and D. A. Randall, 2009: Structure of the Madden-Julian oscillation in the superparameterized CAM. J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 3277-3296.
5. Benedict J.J., E. Maloney, A. Sobel, D.M. Frierson, andL.J. Donner, 2013: Tropical intraseasonal variability in version 3 of the GFDL atmosphere model. J. Climate, 26, 426-449.
6. Bretherton, C. S., M. E. Peters, and L. E. Back, 2004: Relationships between water vapor path and precipitation over the tropical oceans. J. Climate, 17, 1517-1528.
7. Clement, A. C., and B. Soden, 2005: The sensitivity of the tropical-mean radiation budget. J. Climate, 18, 3189-3203.
8. Del Genio, A. D., 2012: Representing the sensitivity of convec-tive cloud systems to tropospheric humidity in general circulation models. Surv. Geophys., 33, 637-656, doi:10.1007/s10712-011-9148-9.
9. Emanuel, K. A., 1987: An air-sea interaction model of intra-seasonal oscillations in the tropics. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2324-2340.
10. Frierson, D. M. W., D. Kim, I.-S. Kang, M.-I. Lee, and J.-L. Lin, 2011: Structure of AGCM-simulated convectively coupled Kelvin waves and sensitivity to convective parameterization. J. Atmos. Sci., 68, 26-45.
11. Golaz, J.-C., M. Salzmann, L. J. Donner, L. W. Horowitz, Y. Ming, and M. Zhao, 2011: Sensitivity of the aerosol indirect effect to subgrid variability in the cloud parameterization of the GFDL atmosphere general circulation model AM3. J. Climate, 24, 3145-3160.
12. Grabowski, W. W., and M. W. Moncrieff, 2004: Moisture-convection feedback in the tropics. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 130, 3081-3104.
13. Hannah, W. M., and E. D. Maloney, 2011: The role of moisture-convection feedbacks in simulating the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Climate, 24, 2754-2770.
14. Held, I. M., M. Zhao, and B. Wyman, 2007: Dynamic radiative-convective equilibria using GCM column physics. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 228-238.
15. Hirons, L. C., P. Inness, F. Vitart, and P. Bechtold, 2013a: Understanding advances in the simulation of intraseasonal variability in the ECMWF model. Part I: The representation of the MJO. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., doi:10.1002/qj.2060, in press.
16. Hirons, L. C., P. Inness, F. Vitart, and P. Bechtold, 2013b: Understanding advances in the simulation of intraseasonal variability in the ECMWF model. Part II: The application of process-based diagnostics. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., doi:10.1002/qj.2059, in press.
17. Huffman, G. J., and Coauthors, 2007: The TRMM Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA): Quasi-global, multiyear, combined-sensor precipitation estimates at fine scales. J. Hy-drometeor., 8, 38-55.
18. Huffman, G. J., and Coauthors, 2013b: Understanding advances in the simulation of intraseasonal variability in the ECMWF model. Part II: The application of process-based diagnostics. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., doi:10.1002/qj.2059, in press.
19. Jung, T., and Coauthors, 2010: The ECMWF model climate: Recent progress through improved physical parametrizations. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 136, 1145-1160.
20. Kim, D., A. H. Sobel, E. D. Maloney, D. M. W. Frierson, and I.-S. Kang, 2011: A systematic relationship between intraseasonal variability and mean state bias in AGCM simulations. J. Climate, 24, 5506-5520.
21. Kim, D., A. H. Sobel, and Coauthors, 2012: The tropical subseasonal variability simulated in the NASA GISS general circulation model. J. Climate, 25, 4641-4659.
22. Lin, J.-L., and Coauthors, 2006: Tropical intraseasonal variability in 14 IPCC AR4 climate models. Part I: Convective signals. J. Climate, 19, 2665-2690.
23. Lin, J.-L., D. Kim, M.-I. Lee, and I.-S. Kang, 2007: Effects of cloud-radiative heating on atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulations of convectively coupled equatorial waves. J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24107, doi:10.1029/2006JD008291.
24. Lin, J.-L., M.-I. Lee, D. Kim, I.-S. Kang, and D. M. W. Frierson, 2008: The impacts of convective parameterization and moisture triggering on AGCM-simulated convectively coupled equatorial waves. J. Climate, 21, 883-909.
25. Lin, Y., and Coauthors, 2012: TWP-ICE global atmospheric model intercomparison: Convection responsiveness and resolution impact. J. Geophys. Res., 117, D09111, doi:10.1029/2011JD017018.
26. Maloney, E. D., 2009: The moist static energy budget of a composite tropical intraseasonal oscillation in a climate model. J. Climate, 22, 711-729.
27. Mapes, B. E., and R. B. Neale, 2011: Parameterizing convective organization to escape the entrainment dilemma. J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst., 3, M06004, doi:10.1029/2011MS000042.
28. Mapes, B. E., S. Tulich, J. Lin, and P. Zuidema, 2006: The mesoscale convection life cycle: Building block or prototype for large-scale tropical waves? Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 42, 3-29.
29. Mapes, B. E., J. Bacmeister, M. Khairoutdinov, C. Hannay, and M. Zhao, 2009: Virtual field campaigns on deep tropical convection in climate models. J. Climate, 22, 244-257.
30. Moorthi, S., and M. J. Suarez, 1992: Relaxed Arakawa-Schubert: A parameterization of moist convection for general circulation models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 978-1002.
31. Neale, R. B., J. H. Richter, and M. Jochum, 2008: The impact of convection on ENSO: From a delayed oscillator to a series of events. J. Climate, 21, 5904-5924.
32. Neelin, J. D., and I. M. Held, 1987: Modeling tropical convergence based on the moist static energy budget. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 3-12.
33. Neelin, J. D., and N. Zeng, 2000: A quasi-equilibrium tropical circulation model-Formulation. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1741-1766.
34. Neelin, J. D., I. M. Held, and K. H. Cook, 1987: Evaporation-wind feedback and low-frequency variability in the tropical atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2341-2348.
35. Randall, D. A., and Coauthors, 2007: Climate models and their evaluation. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, S. Solomon et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press, 589-662.
36. Raymond, D. J., 2001: A new model of the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 2807-2819.
37. Raymond, D. J., and Z. Fuchs, 2009: Moisture modes and the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Climate, 22, 3031-3046.
38. Rotstayn, L. D., 1997: A physically based scheme for the treatment of stratiform clouds and precipitation in large-scale models. I: Description and evaluation of the microphysical processes. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 123, 1227-1282.
39. Schumacher, C., P. E. Ciesielski, and M. H. Zhang, 2008: Tropical cloud heating profiles: Analysis from KWAJEX. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 4289-4300.
40. Scinocca, J. F., and N. A. McFarlane, 2004: The variability of modeled tropical precipitation. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 1993-2015.
41. Slingo, J. M., and Coauthors, 1996: Intraseasonal oscillations in 15 atmospheric general circulation models: Results from an AMIP diagnostic subproject. Climate Dyn., 12, 325-357.
42. Sobel, A. H., E. D. Maloney, G. Bellon, and D. M. Frierson, 2008: The role of surface heat fluxes in tropical intraseasonal oscillations. Nat. Geosci., 1, 653-657, doi:10.1038/ngeo312.
43. Stephens, G. L., and Coauthors, 2010: Dreary state of precipitation in global models. J. Geophys. Res., 115, D24211, doi:10.1029/2010JD014532.
44. Thayer-Calder, K., and D. A. Randall, 2009: The role of convective moistening in the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 3297-3312.
45. Tiedtke, M., 1993: Representation of clouds in large-scale models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 3040-3061.
46. Tokioka, T., K. Yamazaki, A. Kitoh, and T. Ose, 1988: The equatorial 30-60 day oscillation and the Arakawa-Schubert penetrative cumulus parameterization. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 66, 883-901.
47. Tompkins, A. M., and T. Jung, 2004: Influence of process interactions on MJO-like convective structures in the IFS model. Proc. ECMWF/CLIVAR Workshop on Simulation and Prediction of Intra-Seasonal Variability with Emphasis on the MJO, ECMWF, Reading, United Kingdom, 103-114.
48. Waliser, D. E., and Coauthors, 2009: Cloud ice: A climate model challenge with signs and expectations of progress. J. Geophys. Res., 114, D00A21, doi:10.1029/2008JD010015.
49. Wang, W. Q., and M. E. Schlesinger, 1999: The dependence on convection parameterization of the tropical intraseasonal oscillation simulated by the UIUC 11-layer atmospheric GCM. J. Climate, 12, 1423-1457.
50. Wilcox, E. M., and L. J. Donner, 2007: The frequency of extreme rain events in satellite rain-rate estimates and an atmospheric general circulation model. J. Climate, 20, 53-69.
51. Woolnough, J. S., J. M. Slingo, and B. J. Hoskins, 2001: The organization of tropical convection by intraseasonal sea surface anomalies. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 887-907.
52. Yang, G. Y., and J. Slingo, 2001: The diurnal cycle in the tropics. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 784-801.
53. Zhang, G. J., and M. Mu, 2005: Simulation of the Madden-Julian oscillation in the NCAR CCM3 using a revised Zhang-McFarlane convection parameterization scheme. J. Climate, 18, 4046-4064.
54. Zhang, M. H., and Coauthors, 2005: Comparing clouds and their seasonal variations in 10 atmospheric general circulation models with satellite measurements. J. Geophys. Res., 110, D15S02, doi:10.1029/2004JD005021.
55. Zhao, M., I. M. Held, and S.-J. Lin, 2012: Some counterintuitive dependencies of tropical cyclone frequency on parameters in a GCM. J. Atmos. Sci., 69, 2272-2283.