메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 66, Issue 11, 2013, Pages 2252-2261

Cultural distance and the choice between wholly owned subsidiaries and joint ventures

Author keywords

Cultural distance; Foreign direct investment; GLOBE project; Hofstede; Joint venture; Political risk; Schwartz; Wholly owned subsidiary

Indexed keywords


EID: 84880944875     PISSN: 01482963     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2012.02.017     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (56)

References (84)
  • 1
    • 0002855029 scopus 로고
    • Socio-cultural distance and the choice of joint ventures: A contingency perspective
    • Agarwal S. Socio-cultural distance and the choice of joint ventures: A contingency perspective. Journal of International Marketing 1994, 2(2):63-80.
    • (1994) Journal of International Marketing , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 63-80
    • Agarwal, S.1
  • 2
    • 84992988621 scopus 로고
    • Choice of foreign market entry mode: Impact of ownership, location and internalization factors
    • Agarwal S., Ramaswami S.N. Choice of foreign market entry mode: Impact of ownership, location and internalization factors. Journal of International Business Studies 1992, 23(1):1-27.
    • (1992) Journal of International Business Studies , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-27
    • Agarwal, S.1    Ramaswami, S.N.2
  • 3
    • 0036290036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International risk perception and mode of entry: A case study of Malaysian multinational firms
    • Ahmed Z.A., Mohamad O., Tan B., Johnson J.P. International risk perception and mode of entry: A case study of Malaysian multinational firms. Journal of Business Research 2002, 55:805-813.
    • (2002) Journal of Business Research , vol.55 , pp. 805-813
    • Ahmed, Z.A.1    Mohamad, O.2    Tan, B.3    Johnson, J.P.4
  • 4
    • 0009619882 scopus 로고
    • Political risks and the evolution of control of foreign subsidiaries: Equity, earnings, and marketing mix
    • Akhter H., Lusch R.F. Political risks and the evolution of control of foreign subsidiaries: Equity, earnings, and marketing mix. Journal of Global Marketing 1988, 1(3):109-128.
    • (1988) Journal of Global Marketing , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 109-128
    • Akhter, H.1    Lusch, R.F.2
  • 5
    • 0034555425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wholly owned subsidiary versus technology licensing in the worldwide chemical industry
    • Arora A., Fosfuri A. Wholly owned subsidiary versus technology licensing in the worldwide chemical industry. Journal of International Business Studies 2000, 31(4):555-572.
    • (2000) Journal of International Business Studies , vol.31 , Issue.4 , pp. 555-572
    • Arora, A.1    Fosfuri, A.2
  • 6
    • 0031500388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antecedents and performance implications of channel integration in foreign markets
    • Aulakh P.S., Kotabe M. Antecedents and performance implications of channel integration in foreign markets. Journal of International Business Studies 1997, 28(1):145-175.
    • (1997) Journal of International Business Studies , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 145-175
    • Aulakh, P.S.1    Kotabe, M.2
  • 8
    • 0037028472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Industrial sector, perceived environmental uncertainty and entry strategy
    • Brouthers K.D., Brouthers L.E., Werner S. Industrial sector, perceived environmental uncertainty and entry strategy. Journal of Business Research 2002, 55:495-507.
    • (2002) Journal of Business Research , vol.55 , pp. 495-507
    • Brouthers, K.D.1    Brouthers, L.E.2    Werner, S.3
  • 9
    • 34248636213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Boundaries of the firm: Insights from international entry mode research
    • Brouthers K.D., Hennart J.F. Boundaries of the firm: Insights from international entry mode research. Journal of Management 2007, 33(3):395-425.
    • (2007) Journal of Management , vol.33 , Issue.3 , pp. 395-425
    • Brouthers, K.D.1    Hennart, J.F.2
  • 12
    • 84992985166 scopus 로고
    • International expansion strategy of Japanese firms: Capability building through sequential entry
    • Chang S.J. International expansion strategy of Japanese firms: Capability building through sequential entry. The Academy of Management Journal 1995, 38(2):383-407.
    • (1995) The Academy of Management Journal , vol.38 , Issue.2 , pp. 383-407
    • Chang, S.J.1
  • 13
    • 0001402375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The choice of entry mode in sequential foreign direct investment
    • Chang S.J., Rosenzweig P.M. The choice of entry mode in sequential foreign direct investment. Strategic Management Journal 2001, 22(8):747-776.
    • (2001) Strategic Management Journal , vol.22 , Issue.8 , pp. 747-776
    • Chang, S.J.1    Rosenzweig, P.M.2
  • 14
    • 0001014661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investment opportunities, free cash flow and market reaction to international joint ventures
    • Chen S., Ho K., Lee C., Yeo G. Investment opportunities, free cash flow and market reaction to international joint ventures. Journal of Banking and Finance 2000, 24:1747-1765.
    • (2000) Journal of Banking and Finance , vol.24 , pp. 1747-1765
    • Chen, S.1    Ho, K.2    Lee, C.3    Yeo, G.4
  • 15
    • 0036183935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of determinants of entry mode and its impact on performance
    • Chen H., Hu M.Y. An analysis of determinants of entry mode and its impact on performance. International Business Review 2002, 11:193-210.
    • (2002) International Business Review , vol.11 , pp. 193-210
    • Chen, H.1    Hu, M.Y.2
  • 16
    • 19544370508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revisiting the role of cultural distance in MNC's foreign ownership mode choice: The moderating effect of experience attributes
    • Cho K., Padmanabhan P. Revisiting the role of cultural distance in MNC's foreign ownership mode choice: The moderating effect of experience attributes. International Business Review 2005, 14:307-324.
    • (2005) International Business Review , vol.14 , pp. 307-324
    • Cho, K.1    Padmanabhan, P.2
  • 18
    • 0000276225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ownership strategy of Japanese firms: Transactional, institutional, and experience influences
    • Delios A., Beamish P.W. Ownership strategy of Japanese firms: Transactional, institutional, and experience influences. Strategic Management Journal 1999, 20:915-933.
    • (1999) Strategic Management Journal , vol.20 , pp. 915-933
    • Delios, A.1    Beamish, P.W.2
  • 19
    • 0035604885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival and profitability: The roles of experience and intangible assets in foreign subsidiary performance
    • Delios A., Beamish P.W. Survival and profitability: The roles of experience and intangible assets in foreign subsidiary performance. Academy of Management Journal 2001, 44(5):1028-1038.
    • (2001) Academy of Management Journal , vol.44 , Issue.5 , pp. 1028-1038
    • Delios, A.1    Beamish, P.W.2
  • 20
    • 0034339405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Japanese firms' investment strategies in emerging economies
    • Delios A., Henisz W.J. Japanese firms' investment strategies in emerging economies. Academy of Management Journal 2000, 43(3):305-323.
    • (2000) Academy of Management Journal , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 305-323
    • Delios, A.1    Henisz, W.J.2
  • 21
    • 0142166689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Political hazards, experience and sequential entry strategies: The international expansion of Japanese firms 1980-1998
    • Delios A., Henisz W.J. Political hazards, experience and sequential entry strategies: The international expansion of Japanese firms 1980-1998. Strategic Management Journal 2003, 24:1153-1164.
    • (2003) Strategic Management Journal , vol.24 , pp. 1153-1164
    • Delios, A.1    Henisz, W.J.2
  • 22
    • 35548944430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institutional and transaction cost influences on MNE's ownership strategies of their affiliates: Evidence form an emerging market
    • Demirbag M., Tatoglu E., Glaister K. Institutional and transaction cost influences on MNE's ownership strategies of their affiliates: Evidence form an emerging market. Journal of World Business 2007, 42:418-434.
    • (2007) Journal of World Business , vol.42 , pp. 418-434
    • Demirbag, M.1    Tatoglu, E.2    Glaister, K.3
  • 23
    • 69549133923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Equity based entry modes of emerging country multinationals: Lessons from Turkey
    • Demirbag M., Tatoglu E., Glaister K. Equity based entry modes of emerging country multinationals: Lessons from Turkey. Journal of World Business 2009, 44(4):445-462.
    • (2009) Journal of World Business , vol.44 , Issue.4 , pp. 445-462
    • Demirbag, M.1    Tatoglu, E.2    Glaister, K.3
  • 24
    • 33747741794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing a multidimensional instrument to measure psychic distance stimuli
    • Dow D., Karunaratna A. Developing a multidimensional instrument to measure psychic distance stimuli. Journal of International Business Studies 2006, 37(5):578-602.
    • (2006) Journal of International Business Studies , vol.37 , Issue.5 , pp. 578-602
    • Dow, D.1    Karunaratna, A.2
  • 25
    • 67649933248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Challenging the conceptualization and measurement of distance and international experience in entry mode research
    • Dow D., Larimo J. Challenging the conceptualization and measurement of distance and international experience in entry mode research. Journal of International Marketing 2009, 17(2):74-98.
    • (2009) Journal of International Marketing , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 74-98
    • Dow, D.1    Larimo, J.2
  • 26
    • 33746216879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hofstede, Schwartz, or managerial perceptions? The effects of different cultural distance measures on establishment mode choices by multinational enterprises
    • Drogendijk R., Slangen A. Hofstede, Schwartz, or managerial perceptions? The effects of different cultural distance measures on establishment mode choices by multinational enterprises. International Business Review 2006, 15(4):361-380.
    • (2006) International Business Review , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 361-380
    • Drogendijk, R.1    Slangen, A.2
  • 27
    • 0041410691 scopus 로고
    • Service firms' international entry mode choice: A modified transaction cost analysis approach
    • Erramilli M.K., Rao C.P. Service firms' international entry mode choice: A modified transaction cost analysis approach. Journal of Marketing 1993, 57:19-38.
    • (1993) Journal of Marketing , vol.57 , pp. 19-38
    • Erramilli, M.K.1    Rao, C.P.2
  • 28
    • 0035399944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Culture and foreign companies' choice of entry mode: The case of the Singapore building and construction industry
    • Fisher T., Ranasinghe M. Culture and foreign companies' choice of entry mode: The case of the Singapore building and construction industry. Construction Management and Economics 2001, 19(4):343-353.
    • (2001) Construction Management and Economics , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 343-353
    • Fisher, T.1    Ranasinghe, M.2
  • 29
    • 71949097720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative empirical examination of outward foreign direct investment from four Asian economies: People's Republic of China, Japan, Republic of Korea, and Taipei, China
    • Fung K.C., García-Herrero A., Siu A. A comparative empirical examination of outward foreign direct investment from four Asian economies: People's Republic of China, Japan, Republic of Korea, and Taipei, China. Asian Development Review 2009, 26(2):86-101.
    • (2009) Asian Development Review , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 86-101
    • Fung, K.C.1    García-Herrero, A.2    Siu, A.3
  • 30
    • 36248991739 scopus 로고
    • The multinational corporation degree of control over subsidiaries: An empirical test of a transaction cost explanation
    • Gatignon H., Anderson E. The multinational corporation degree of control over subsidiaries: An empirical test of a transaction cost explanation. Journal of Law, Economics and Organization 1988, 4:305-336.
    • (1988) Journal of Law, Economics and Organization , vol.4 , pp. 305-336
    • Gatignon, H.1    Anderson, E.2
  • 32
    • 36148981774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of culture in entry mode studies: From negligence to myopia?
    • Harzing A.W.K. The role of culture in entry mode studies: From negligence to myopia?. Advances in International Management 2003, 15:75-127.
    • (2003) Advances in International Management , vol.15 , pp. 75-127
    • Harzing, A.W.K.1
  • 33
    • 33846844431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of English questionnaires in cross-national research: Does cultural accommodation obscure national differences
    • Harzing A.W.K. The use of English questionnaires in cross-national research: Does cultural accommodation obscure national differences. International Journal of Cross-Cultural Management 2005, 5(2):213-224.
    • (2005) International Journal of Cross-Cultural Management , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 213-224
    • Harzing, A.W.K.1
  • 35
    • 85009636868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interaction between language and culture: A test of the cultural accommodation hypothesis in seven countries
    • Harzing A.W.K., Maznevski M. The interaction between language and culture: A test of the cultural accommodation hypothesis in seven countries. Language and Intercultural Communication 2002, 2(2):120-139.
    • (2002) Language and Intercultural Communication , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 120-139
    • Harzing, A.W.K.1    Maznevski, M.2
  • 36
    • 33744511804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowledge flows in MNCs: An empirical test and extension of Gupta & Govindarajan's typology of subsidiary roles
    • Harzing A.W.K., Noorderhaven N.G. Knowledge flows in MNCs: An empirical test and extension of Gupta & Govindarajan's typology of subsidiary roles. International Business Review 2006, 15(3):195-214.
    • (2006) International Business Review , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 195-214
    • Harzing, A.W.K.1    Noorderhaven, N.G.2
  • 37
    • 0034359528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The institutional environment for multinational investment
    • Henisz W.J. The institutional environment for multinational investment. Journal of Law, Economics and Organization 2000, 16(2):334-364.
    • (2000) Journal of Law, Economics and Organization , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 334-364
    • Henisz, W.J.1
  • 39
    • 84989093773 scopus 로고
    • A transaction cost theory of equity joint ventures
    • Hennart J.F. A transaction cost theory of equity joint ventures. Strategic Management Journal 1988, 9:361-374.
    • (1988) Strategic Management Journal , vol.9 , pp. 361-374
    • Hennart, J.F.1
  • 40
    • 84989133289 scopus 로고
    • An eclectic theory of the choice of international entry mode
    • Hill C., Hwang P., Kim W. An eclectic theory of the choice of international entry mode. Strategic Management Journal 1990, 11:117-128.
    • (1990) Strategic Management Journal , vol.11 , pp. 117-128
    • Hill, C.1    Hwang, P.2    Kim, W.3
  • 43
    • 45449125490 scopus 로고
    • The Confucius connection: From cultural roots to economic growth
    • Hofstede G., Bond H. The Confucius connection: From cultural roots to economic growth. Organizational Dynamics 1988, 16(4):4-21.
    • (1988) Organizational Dynamics , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 4-21
    • Hofstede, G.1    Bond, H.2
  • 46
    • 85088437439 scopus 로고
    • The internationalization process of the firms-A model of knowledge development and increasing foreign market commitments
    • Johanson J., Vahlne J.E. The internationalization process of the firms-A model of knowledge development and increasing foreign market commitments. Journal of International Business Studies 1977, 8(1):23-32.
    • (1977) Journal of International Business Studies , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 23-32
    • Johanson, J.1    Vahlne, J.E.2
  • 48
    • 57849127570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Assessment of alternative empirical measures of cultural distance: Evidence from the Republic of Korea
    • Kim Y., Gray S.J. An Assessment of alternative empirical measures of cultural distance: Evidence from the Republic of Korea. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 2009, 26:55-74.
    • (2009) Asia Pacific Journal of Management , vol.26 , pp. 55-74
    • Kim, Y.1    Gray, S.J.2
  • 50
    • 0003297553 scopus 로고
    • Entering the United States by joint venture: Competitive rivalry and industry structure
    • Lexington Books, Lexington, F.J. Contractor, P. Lorange (Eds.)
    • Kogut B., Singh H. Entering the United States by joint venture: Competitive rivalry and industry structure. Cooperative strategies in international business 1988, Lexington Books, Lexington. F.J. Contractor, P. Lorange (Eds.).
    • (1988) Cooperative strategies in international business
    • Kogut, B.1    Singh, H.2
  • 51
    • 82755189102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What determines Chinese outward FDI?
    • Kolstad I., Wiig A. What determines Chinese outward FDI?. Journal of World Business 2012, 47(1):26-34.
    • (2012) Journal of World Business , vol.47 , Issue.1 , pp. 26-34
    • Kolstad, I.1    Wiig, A.2
  • 52
    • 84880944708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of cultural distance framework of foreign establishment mode decision: Hofstede vs. Schwartz vs. Globe
    • Larimo J., Dow D. The impact of cultural distance framework of foreign establishment mode decision: Hofstede vs. Schwartz vs. Globe. paper presented at the 35th EIBA Annual Conference, Valencia, Spain 2009.
    • (2009) paper presented at the 35th EIBA Annual Conference, Valencia, Spain
    • Larimo, J.1    Dow, D.2
  • 53
    • 0038796486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Industry evolution and internationalization processes of firms from a newly industrialized economy
    • Lau H.F. Industry evolution and internationalization processes of firms from a newly industrialized economy. Journal of Business Research 2003, 56:847-852.
    • (2003) Journal of Business Research , vol.56 , pp. 847-852
    • Lau, H.F.1
  • 55
    • 48849085249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The internationalization of Chinese enterprises: The analysis of the UK case
    • Liu L., Tian Y. The internationalization of Chinese enterprises: The analysis of the UK case. International Journal of Technology and Globalization 2008, 4(1):87-102.
    • (2008) International Journal of Technology and Globalization , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 87-102
    • Liu, L.1    Tian, Y.2
  • 56
    • 0036019289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse selection and the choice between joint-ventures and acquisitions: Evidence from Spanish firms
    • López-Duarte C., García-Canal E. Adverse selection and the choice between joint-ventures and acquisitions: Evidence from Spanish firms. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE) 2002, 158(2):304-324.
    • (2002) Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE) , vol.158 , Issue.2 , pp. 304-324
    • López-Duarte, C.1    García-Canal, E.2
  • 57
    • 0036004103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra and inter organizational imitative behaviour: Institutional influences on Japanese firms' entry mode
    • Lu J.W. Intra and inter organizational imitative behaviour: Institutional influences on Japanese firms' entry mode. Journal of International Business Studies 2002, 33(1):19-37.
    • (2002) Journal of International Business Studies , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 19-37
    • Lu, J.W.1
  • 58
    • 0035343532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of entry in an emerging economy: A multilevel approach
    • Luo Y. Determinants of entry in an emerging economy: A multilevel approach. Journal of Management Studies 2001, 38:443-472.
    • (2001) Journal of Management Studies , vol.38 , pp. 443-472
    • Luo, Y.1
  • 59
    • 84939634380 scopus 로고
    • Common stock returns and corporate combinations: The case of joint ventures
    • McConnell J.J., Nantel J. Common stock returns and corporate combinations: The case of joint ventures. Journal of Finance 1985, 40:519-536.
    • (1985) Journal of Finance , vol.40 , pp. 519-536
    • McConnell, J.J.1    Nantel, J.2
  • 60
    • 0000264020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How do international joint ventures create shareholder value?
    • Merchant H., Schendel D. How do international joint ventures create shareholder value?. Strategic Management Journal 2000, 21:723-737.
    • (2000) Strategic Management Journal , vol.21 , pp. 723-737
    • Merchant, H.1    Schendel, D.2
  • 61
    • 43449090391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Country risk, national cultural differences between partners and survival of international joint ventures in Brazil
    • Meschi P.X., Riccio E.L. Country risk, national cultural differences between partners and survival of international joint ventures in Brazil. International Business Review 2008, 17:250-266.
    • (2008) International Business Review , vol.17 , pp. 250-266
    • Meschi, P.X.1    Riccio, E.L.2
  • 62
    • 0035636395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institutions, transaction costs and entry mode choice in Eastern Europe
    • Meyer K.E. Institutions, transaction costs and entry mode choice in Eastern Europe. Journal of International Business Studies 2001, 32(2):257-267.
    • (2001) Journal of International Business Studies , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 257-267
    • Meyer, K.E.1
  • 63
    • 13444306623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foreign investment strategies and sub-national institutions in emerging markets: evidence from Vietnam
    • Meyer K.E., Nguyen H.V. Foreign investment strategies and sub-national institutions in emerging markets: evidence from Vietnam. Journal of Management Studies 2005, 42(1):63-93.
    • (2005) Journal of Management Studies , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 63-93
    • Meyer, K.E.1    Nguyen, H.V.2
  • 64
    • 0000699742 scopus 로고
    • Why investors value multinationality?
    • Morck R., Yeung B. Why investors value multinationality?. Journal of Business 1991, 64(2):65-187.
    • (1991) Journal of Business , vol.64 , Issue.2 , pp. 65-187
    • Morck, R.1    Yeung, B.2
  • 66
    • 19544378415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global ownership strategy of Japanese multinationals: A test of internalization theory
    • Pak Y.S., Park Y. Global ownership strategy of Japanese multinationals: A test of internalization theory. Management International Review 2004, 44(1):3-21.
    • (2004) Management International Review , vol.44 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-21
    • Pak, Y.S.1    Park, Y.2
  • 67
    • 35748960830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of ownership. Location specific advantages and managerial characteristics on SME foreign entry mode choices
    • Pinho J.C. The impact of ownership. Location specific advantages and managerial characteristics on SME foreign entry mode choices. International Marketing Review 2007, 24(6):715-734.
    • (2007) International Marketing Review , vol.24 , Issue.6 , pp. 715-734
    • Pinho, J.C.1
  • 68
    • 34248560981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foreign market entry mode in the hotel industry: The impact of country and firm specific factors
    • Quer D., Claver E., Andreu R. Foreign market entry mode in the hotel industry: The impact of country and firm specific factors. International Business Review 2007, 16:362-376.
    • (2007) International Business Review , vol.16 , pp. 362-376
    • Quer, D.1    Claver, E.2    Andreu, R.3
  • 69
    • 0042404723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mode of entry choice: An empirical study of Singaporean multinationals
    • Rajan K.S., Pangarkar N. Mode of entry choice: An empirical study of Singaporean multinationals. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 2000, 17(1):49-66.
    • (2000) Asia Pacific Journal of Management , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-66
    • Rajan, K.S.1    Pangarkar, N.2
  • 71
    • 0001937917 scopus 로고
    • Beyond individualism/collectivism: New cultural dimensions of values
    • Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, U. Kim, H. Triandis, C. Kagitcibasi, S. Choi, G. Yoons (Eds.)
    • Schwartz S. Beyond individualism/collectivism: New cultural dimensions of values. Individualism and collectivism: Theory, methods and applications 1994, 85-119. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks. U. Kim, H. Triandis, C. Kagitcibasi, S. Choi, G. Yoons (Eds.).
    • (1994) Individualism and collectivism: Theory, methods and applications , pp. 85-119
    • Schwartz, S.1
  • 72
    • 0002598531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A theory of cultural values and some implications for work
    • Schwartz S. A theory of cultural values and some implications for work. Applied Psychology: An International Review 1999, 48(1):12-47.
    • (1999) Applied Psychology: An International Review , vol.48 , Issue.1 , pp. 12-47
    • Schwartz, S.1
  • 73
    • 0035630433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural distance revisited: Towards a more rigorous conceptualization and measurement of cultural differences
    • Shenkar O. Cultural distance revisited: Towards a more rigorous conceptualization and measurement of cultural differences. Journal of International Business Studies 2001, 32(3):519-535.
    • (2001) Journal of International Business Studies , vol.32 , Issue.3 , pp. 519-535
    • Shenkar, O.1
  • 74
    • 0034360802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How new ventures exploit trade-offs among international risk factors: Lessons for the accelerated internationalization of the 21st century
    • Shrader R.C., Oviatt B.M., McDougall P.P. How new ventures exploit trade-offs among international risk factors: Lessons for the accelerated internationalization of the 21st century. Academy of Management Journal 2000, 43(6):1227-1247.
    • (2000) Academy of Management Journal , vol.43 , Issue.6 , pp. 1227-1247
    • Shrader, R.C.1    Oviatt, B.M.2    McDougall, P.P.3
  • 76
    • 67349111247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural distance, political risk, or governance quality? Towards a more accurate conceptualization and measurement of external uncertainty in foreign entry mode research
    • Slangen A.H.L., Van Tulder R.J. Cultural distance, political risk, or governance quality? Towards a more accurate conceptualization and measurement of external uncertainty in foreign entry mode research. International Business Review 2009, 18(3):276-291.
    • (2009) International Business Review , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 276-291
    • Slangen, A.H.L.1    Van Tulder, R.J.2
  • 77
    • 85132837023 scopus 로고
    • A managerial decision model of international cooperative venture formation
    • Tallman S.B., Shenkar O. A managerial decision model of international cooperative venture formation. Journal of International Business Studies 1994, 25(1):91-114.
    • (1994) Journal of International Business Studies , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 91-114
    • Tallman, S.B.1    Shenkar, O.2
  • 78
    • 0042848711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of foreign ownership in Turkish manufacturing
    • Tatoglu E., Glaister K., Erdal F. Determinants of foreign ownership in Turkish manufacturing. Eastern European Economics 2003, 41(2):5-41.
    • (2003) Eastern European Economics , vol.41 , Issue.2 , pp. 5-41
    • Tatoglu, E.1    Glaister, K.2    Erdal, F.3
  • 79
    • 20344380968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of cultural distance on entry mode choice, international diversification and MNE performance: A meta analysis
    • Tihanyi L., Griffith D.A., Rusell C.I. The effect of cultural distance on entry mode choice, international diversification and MNE performance: A meta analysis. Journal of International Business Studies 2005, 36:270-283.
    • (2005) Journal of International Business Studies , vol.36 , pp. 270-283
    • Tihanyi, L.1    Griffith, D.A.2    Rusell, C.I.3
  • 80
    • 22144443195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influences of foreign ownership level and entry mode choice in Vietnam
    • Tsang E.W.K. Influences of foreign ownership level and entry mode choice in Vietnam. International Business Review 2005, 14:441-463.
    • (2005) International Business Review , vol.14 , pp. 441-463
    • Tsang, E.W.K.1
  • 81
    • 0043230075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of firm's ownership advantages and economic status of destination country on the wealth effects of international joint ventures
    • Ueng C.J., Kim S.H., Lee C. The impact of firm's ownership advantages and economic status of destination country on the wealth effects of international joint ventures. International Review of Financial Analysis 2000, 9(1):67-76.
    • (2000) International Review of Financial Analysis , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 67-76
    • Ueng, C.J.1    Kim, S.H.2    Lee, C.3
  • 82
    • 26944471976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entry modes of foreign direct investment in China: A multinomial logit approach
    • Wei Y., Liu B., Liu X. Entry modes of foreign direct investment in China: A multinomial logit approach. Journal of Business Research 2005, 58:1495-1505.
    • (2005) Journal of Business Research , vol.58 , pp. 1495-1505
    • Wei, Y.1    Liu, B.2    Liu, X.3
  • 83
    • 0036868575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The choice between joint ventures and wholly owned subsidiary: An institutional perspective
    • Yiu D., Makino S. The choice between joint ventures and wholly owned subsidiary: An institutional perspective. Organization Science 2002, 13(6):667-683.
    • (2002) Organization Science , vol.13 , Issue.6 , pp. 667-683
    • Yiu, D.1    Makino, S.2
  • 84
    • 10844279001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transaction costs determinants and ownership based entry mode choice a meta-analytical review
    • Zhao H., Luo Y., Suh T. Transaction costs determinants and ownership based entry mode choice a meta-analytical review. Journal of International Business Studies 2004, 35:524-544.
    • (2004) Journal of International Business Studies , vol.35 , pp. 524-544
    • Zhao, H.1    Luo, Y.2    Suh, T.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.