메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 42-55

The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation in childhood: A review

Author keywords

Cardiovascular risk; Childhood; Diet; Endothelial function; Omega 3; PUFAs

Indexed keywords

ARACHIDONIC ACID; CARBON; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR 120; HYDROGEN; ICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; INTERLEUKIN 1; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; INTERLEUKIN 6; LEUKOTRIENE B4; LINOLEIC ACID; MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN 1; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 84878762553     PISSN: 15748901     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/1574890111308010006     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (23)

References (104)
  • 1
    • 84869043579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and cardiovascular disease
    • Jump DB, Depner CM, Tripathy S. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and cardiovascular disease. J Lipid Res 2012; 53: 2525-2545.
    • (2012) J Lipid Res , vol.53 , pp. 2525-2545
    • Jump, D.B.1    Depner, C.M.2    Tripathy, S.3
  • 2
    • 84655174598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (n-3) Fatty acids alleviate adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance Mechanistic Insights
    • Kalupahana NS, Claycombe KJ, Moustaid-Moussa N. (n-3) Fatty acids alleviate adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance: Mechanistic insights. Adv Nutr 2011; 2: 304-316.
    • (2011) Adv Nutr , vol.2 , pp. 304-316
    • Kalupahana, N.S.1    Claycombe, K.J.2    Moustaid-Moussa, N.3
  • 3
    • 84861550709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prospective association between total and type of fish intake and type 2 diabetes in 8 European countries: EPIC-InterAct Study
    • Patel PS, Forouhi NG, Kuijsten A, Schulze MB, van Woudenbergh GJ, Ardanaz E, et al. The prospective association between total and type of fish intake and type 2 diabetes in 8 European countries: EPIC-InterAct Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2012; 95:1445-1453.
    • (2012) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.95 , pp. 1445-1453
    • Patel, P.S.1    Forouhi, N.G.2    Kuijsten, A.3    Schulze, M.B.4    van Woudenbergh, G.J.5    Ardanaz, E.6
  • 4
    • 84863542201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of marine omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids in inflammatory processes, atherosclerosis and plaque stability
    • Calder PC. The role of marine omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids in inflammatory processes, atherosclerosis and plaque stability. Mol Nutr Food Res 2012; 56:1073-1080.
    • (2012) Mol Nutr Food Res , vol.56 , pp. 1073-1080
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 5
    • 33746830525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation, and inflammatory diseases
    • Calder PC. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation, and inflammatory diseases. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006; 83: 1505S-1519S.
    • (2006) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.83
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 6
    • 80052272215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on coronary plaque instability: An integrated backscatter intravascular ultrasound study
    • Amano T, Matsubara T, Uetani T, Kato M, Kato B, Yoshida T, et al. Impact of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on coronary plaque instability: an integrated backscatter intravascular ultrasound study. Atherosclerosis. 2011; 218: 110-116.
    • (2011) Atherosclerosis , vol.218 , pp. 110-116
    • Amano, T.1    Matsubara, T.2    Uetani, T.3    Kato, M.4    Kato, B.5    Yoshida, T.6
  • 7
    • 77956225520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from highly concentrated n-3 fatty acid ethyl esters is incorporated into advanced atherosclerotic plaques and higher plaque EPA is associated with decreased plaque inflammation and increased stability
    • Cawood AL, Ding R, Napper FL, Young RH, Williams JA, Ward MJ, et al. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from highly concentrated n-3 fatty acid ethyl esters is incorporated into advanced atherosclerotic plaques and higher plaque EPA is associated with decreased plaque inflammation and increased stability. Atherosclerosis 2010; 212: 252-259.
    • (2010) Atherosclerosis , vol.212 , pp. 252-259
    • Cawood, A.L.1    Ding, R.2    Napper, F.L.3    Young, R.H.4    Williams, J.A.5    Ward, M.J.6
  • 8
    • 33947583493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on major coronary events in hypercholesterolaemic patients (JELIS): A randomised open-label, blinded endpoint analysis
    • Yokoyama M, Origasa H, Matsuzaki M, Matsuzawa Y, Saito Y, Ishikawa Y, et al. Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on major coronary events in hypercholesterolaemic patients (JELIS): A randomised open-label, blinded endpoint analysis. Lancet 2007; 369: 1090-1098.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.369 , pp. 1090-1098
    • Yokoyama, M.1    Origasa, H.2    Matsuzaki, M.3    Matsuzawa, Y.4    Saito, Y.5    Ishikawa, Y.6
  • 9
    • 2942548948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accumulated evidence on fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality: A meta-analysis of cohort studies
    • He K, Song Y, Daviglus ML, Liu K, Van Horn L, Dyer AR, et al. Accumulated evidence on fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality: A meta-analysis of cohort studies. Circulation 2004; 109: 2705-2711.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109 , pp. 2705-2711
    • He, K.1    Song, Y.2    Daviglus, M.L.3    Liu, K.4    van Horn, L.5    Dyer, A.R.6
  • 10
    • 0345109256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: Results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico
    • [No authors listed]
    • [No authors listed]. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico. Lancet 1999; 354: 447-455.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 447-455
  • 11
    • 0024363690 scopus 로고
    • Effects of changes in fat, fish, and fibre intakes on death and myocardial reinfarction: Diet and reinfarction trial (DART)
    • Burr ML, Fehily AM, Gilbert JF, Rogers S, Holliday RM, Sweetnam PM, et al. Effects of changes in fat, fish, and fibre intakes on death and myocardial reinfarction: diet and reinfarction trial (DART). Lancet 1989; 2:757-761.
    • (1989) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 757-761
    • Burr, M.L.1    Fehily, A.M.2    Gilbert, J.F.3    Rogers, S.4    Holliday, R.M.5    Sweetnam, P.M.6
  • 12
    • 12344317926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interplay between different polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease in men
    • Mozaffarian D, Ascherio A, Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Siscovick DS, et al. Interplay between different polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease in men. Circulation 2005; 111: 157-164.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.111 , pp. 157-164
    • Mozaffarian, D.1    Ascherio, A.2    Hu, F.B.3    Stampfer, M.J.4    Willett, W.C.5    Siscovick, D.S.6
  • 13
    • 84856179128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other lipids: A review
    • Jacobson TA, Glickstein SB, Rowe JD, Soni PN. Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other lipids: A review. J Clin Lipidol 2012; 6: 5-18.
    • (2012) J Clin Lipidol , vol.6 , pp. 5-18
    • Jacobson, T.A.1    Glickstein, S.B.2    Rowe, J.D.3    Soni, P.N.4
  • 14
    • 84861567223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipoprotein subfractions and dietary intake of n-3 fatty acid: The genetics of coronary artery disease in alaska natives study
    • Annuzzi G, Rivellese AA, Wang H, Patti L, Vaccaro O, Riccardi G, et al. Lipoprotein subfractions and dietary intake of n-3 fatty acid: The genetics of coronary artery disease in alaska natives study. Am J Clin Nutr 2012; 95: 1315-1322.
    • (2012) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.95 , pp. 1315-1322
    • Annuzzi, G.1    Rivellese, A.A.2    Wang, H.3    Patti, L.4    Vaccaro, O.5    Riccardi, G.6
  • 15
    • 33845545300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on inflammation, insulin sensitivity and CVD risk in a group of overweight women with an inflammatory phenotype
    • Browning LM, Krebs JD, Moore CS, Mishra GD, O'Connell MA, Jebb SA. The impact of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on inflammation, insulin sensitivity and CVD risk in a group of overweight women with an inflammatory phenotype. Diabetes Obes Metab 2007; 9: 70-80.
    • (2007) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.9 , pp. 70-80
    • Browning, L.M.1    Krebs, J.D.2    Moore, C.S.3    Mishra, G.D.4    O'Connell, M.A.5    Jebb, S.A.6
  • 16
    • 73349085284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids are negatively associated with obesity
    • Micallef M, Munro I, Phang M, Garg M. Plasma n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids are negatively associated with obesity. Br J Nutr 2009; 102: 1370-1374.
    • (2009) Br J Nutr , vol.102 , pp. 1370-1374
    • Micallef, M.1    Munro, I.2    Phang, M.3    Garg, M.4
  • 17
    • 0019780016 scopus 로고
    • Effects of 11-week increases in dietary eicosapentaenoic acid on bleeding time, lipids, and platelet aggregation
    • Thorngren M, Gustafson A. Effects of 11-week increases in dietary eicosapentaenoic acid on bleeding time, lipids, and platelet aggregation. Lancet 1981; 2: 1190-1193.
    • (1981) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1190-1193
    • Thorngren, M.1    Gustafson, A.2
  • 18
    • 0033956866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid modulation of endothelial activation
    • De Caterina R, Liao JK, Libby P. Fatty acid modulation of endothelial activation. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 71: 213S-223S.
    • (2000) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.71
    • de Caterina, R.1    Liao, J.K.2    Libby, P.3
  • 19
    • 84861177659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids and blood pressure
    • Cabo J, Alonso R, Mata P. Omega-3 fatty acids and blood pressure. Br J Nutr 2012; 107: S195-S200.
    • (2012) Br J Nutr , vol.107
    • Cabo, J.1    Alonso, R.2    Mata, P.3
  • 20
    • 69149090727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: Their potential role in blood pressure prevention and management
    • Cicero AF, Ertek S, Borghi C. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: Their potential role in blood pressure prevention and management. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2009; 7: 330-337.
    • (2009) Curr Vasc Pharmacol , vol.7 , pp. 330-337
    • Cicero, A.F.1    Ertek, S.2    Borghi, C.3
  • 22
    • 77954968566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous infusion of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and inducibility of ventricular tachycardia in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator
    • Madsen T, Christensen JH, Thøgersen AM, Schmidt EB, Toft E. Intravenous infusion of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and inducibility of ventricular tachycardia in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Europace 2010; 12: 941-946.
    • (2010) Europace , vol.12 , pp. 941-946
    • Madsen, T.1    Christensen, J.H.2    Thøgersen, A.M.3    Schmidt, E.B.4    Toft, E.5
  • 23
    • 84864219466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with dysglycemia
    • ORIGIN Trial Investigators
    • ORIGIN Trial Investigators, Bosch J, Gerstein HC, Dagenais GR, Díaz R, Dyal L, et al. n-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with dysglycemia. N Engl J Med. 2012; 367: 309-318.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.367 , pp. 309-318
    • Bosch, J.1    Gerstein, H.C.2    Dagenais, G.R.3    Díaz, R.4    Dyal, L.5
  • 24
    • 84865652176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review: Omega-3 fatty acid supplements provide no protective benefit in cardiovascular disease
    • Halim SA, Newby LK. Review: Omega-3 fatty acid supplements provide no protective benefit in cardiovascular disease. Ann Intern Med 2012; 157: JC2-JC3.
    • (2012) Ann Intern Med , vol.157
    • Halim, S.A.1    Newby, L.K.2
  • 26
    • 55149091968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essential fatty acids and their metabolites could function as endogenous HMG-CoA reductase and ACE enzyme inhibitors, anti-arrhythmic, anti-hypertensive, anti-atherosclerotic, antiinflammatory, cytoprotective, and cardioprotective molecules
    • Das UN. Essential fatty acids and their metabolites could function as endogenous HMG-CoA reductase and ACE enzyme inhibitors, anti-arrhythmic, anti-hypertensive, anti-atherosclerotic, antiinflammatory, cytoprotective, and cardioprotective molecules. Lipids Health Dis 2008; 7: 37.
    • (2008) Lipids Health Dis , vol.7 , pp. 37
    • Das, U.N.1
  • 27
    • 0026778407 scopus 로고
    • Biochemistry and physiology of n-3 fatty acids
    • Lands WE. Biochemistry and physiology of n-3 fatty acids. FASEB J. 1992; 6: 2530-2536.
    • (1992) FASEB J , vol.6 , pp. 2530-2536
    • Lands, W.E.1
  • 28
    • 33744950115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essential fatty acids: Biochemistry, physiology and pathology
    • Das UN. Essential fatty acids: biochemistry, physiology and pathology. Biotechnol J 2006; 1: 420-439.
    • (2006) Biotechnol J , vol.1 , pp. 420-439
    • Das, U.N.1
  • 29
    • 0033957165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory mediator production
    • James MJ, Gibson RA, Cleland LG. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory mediator production. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 71: 343S-348S.
    • (2000) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.71
    • James, M.J.1    Gibson, R.A.2    Cleland, L.G.3
  • 30
    • 4143147532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyunsaturated fatty acids: Biochemical, nutritional and epigenetic properties
    • Benatti P, Peluso G, Nicolai R, Calvani M. Polyunsaturated fatty acids: Biochemical, nutritional and epigenetic properties. J Am Coll Nutr 2004; 23: 281-302.
    • (2004) J Am Coll Nutr , vol.23 , pp. 281-302
    • Benatti, P.1    Peluso, G.2    Nicolai, R.3    Calvani, M.4
  • 31
    • 84873994859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosanoids and their drugs in cardiovascular diseases: Focus on atherosclerosis and stroke
    • Capra V, Bäck M, Barbieri SS, Camera M, Tremoli E, Rovati GE. Eicosanoids and their drugs in cardiovascular diseases: Focus on atherosclerosis and stroke. Med Res Rev 2013; 33: 364-438.
    • (2013) Med Res Rev , vol.33 , pp. 364-438
    • Capra, V.1    Bäck, M.2    Barbieri, S.S.3    Camera, M.4    Tremoli, E.5    Rovati, G.E.6
  • 32
    • 21744446895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissuespecifi c, nutritional, and developmental regulation of rat fatty acid elongases
    • Wang Y, Botolin D, Christian B, Busik J, Xu J, Jump DB. Tissuespecifi c, nutritional, and developmental regulation of rat fatty acid elongases. J Lipid Res 2005; 46: 706-715.
    • (2005) J Lipid Res , vol.46 , pp. 706-715
    • Wang, Y.1    Botolin, D.2    Christian, B.3    Busik, J.4    Xu, J.5    Jump, D.B.6
  • 33
    • 84866296564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Menhaden oil decreases high-fat diet-induced markers of hepatic damage, steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in obese ldlr-/- mice
    • Depner CM, Torres-Gonzalez M, Tripathy S, Milne G, Jump DB. Menhaden oil decreases high-fat diet-induced markers of hepatic damage, steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in obese ldlr-/- mice. J Nutr 2012; 142: 1495-1503.
    • (2012) J Nutr , vol.142 , pp. 1495-1503
    • Depner, C.M.1    Torres-Gonzalez, M.2    Tripathy, S.3    Milne, G.4    Jump, D.B.5
  • 34
    • 79952233101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic variation in polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism and its potential relevance for human development and health
    • Glaser C, Lattka E, Rzehak P, Steer C, Koletzko B. Genetic variation in polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism and its potential relevance for human development and health. Matern Child Nutr 2011; 7: 27S-40S.
    • (2011) Matern Child Nutr , vol.7
    • Glaser, C.1    Lattka, E.2    Rzehak, P.3    Steer, C.4    Koletzko, B.5
  • 36
    • 84863085863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid intake during pregnancy on maternal, infant, and child health outcomes: A systematic review
    • Imhoff-Kunsch B, Briggs V, Goldenberg T, Ramakrishnan U. Effect of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid intake during pregnancy on maternal, infant, and child health outcomes: a systematic review. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2012; 26: S91-S107.
    • (2012) Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol , vol.26
    • Imhoff-Kunsch, B.1    Briggs, V.2    Goldenberg, T.3    Ramakrishnan, U.4
  • 37
    • 0034521631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary supplementation with fish oil rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with bronchial asthma
    • Nagakura T, Matsuda S, Shichijyo K, Sugimoto H, Hata K. Dietary supplementation with fish oil rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with bronchial asthma. Eur Respir J 2000; 16: 861-865.
    • (2000) Eur Respir J , vol.16 , pp. 861-865
    • Nagakura, T.1    Matsuda, S.2    Shichijyo, K.3    Sugimoto, H.4    Hata, K.5
  • 38
    • 11144315382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of omega-3 fatty acid concentrations in plasma on symptoms of asthma at 18 months of age
    • Mihrshahi S, Peat JK, Webb K, Oddy W, Marks GB, Mellis CM, et al. Effect of omega-3 fatty acid concentrations in plasma on symptoms of asthma at 18 months of age. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2004; 15: 517-522.
    • (2004) Pediatr Allergy Immunol , vol.15 , pp. 517-522
    • Mihrshahi, S.1    Peat, J.K.2    Webb, K.3    Oddy, W.4    Marks, G.B.5    Mellis, C.M.6
  • 39
    • 34249775193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid exposure from early life does not affect atopy and asthma at age 5 years
    • Almqvist C, Garden F, Xuan W, Mihrshahi S, Leeder SR, Oddy W, et al. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid exposure from early life does not affect atopy and asthma at age 5 years. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 119: 1438-1444.
    • (2007) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.119 , pp. 1438-1444
    • Almqvist, C.1    Garden, F.2    Xuan, W.3    Mihrshahi, S.4    Leeder, S.R.5    Oddy, W.6
  • 40
    • 84867151811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influences of micronutrient and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on cognition, learning, and behavior: Methodological considerations and implications for children and adolescents in developed societies
    • Frensham LJ, Bryan J, Parletta N. Influences of micronutrient and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on cognition, learning, and behavior: methodological considerations and implications for children and adolescents in developed societies. Nutr Rev 2012; 70: 594-610.
    • (2012) Nutr Rev , vol.70 , pp. 594-610
    • Frensham, L.J.1    Bryan, J.2    Parletta, N.3
  • 41
    • 84855164955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition throughout the lifespan: A review
    • Karr JE, Alexander JE, Winningham RG. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition throughout the lifespan: A review. Nutr Neurosci 2011; 14: 216-225.
    • (2011) Nutr Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 216-225
    • Karr, J.E.1    Alexander, J.E.2    Winningham, R.G.3
  • 42
    • 0033957954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
    • Burgess JR, Stevens L, Zhang W, Peck L. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 71: 327S-330S.
    • (2000) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.71
    • Burgess, J.R.1    Stevens, L.2    Zhang, W.3    Peck, L.4
  • 43
    • 77249122123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the treatment of children and adolescents with ADHD
    • Aben A, Danckaerts M. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the treatment of children and adolescents with ADHD. Tijdschr Psychiatr 2010; 52: 89-97.
    • (2010) Tijdschr Psychiatr , vol.52 , pp. 89-97
    • Aben, A.1    Danckaerts, M.2
  • 44
    • 14644401709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of fish oil on physical aggression in schoolchildren--a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Itomura M, Hamazaki K, Sawazaki S, Kobayashi M, Terasawa K, Watanabe S, et al. The effect of fish oil on physical aggression in schoolchildren--a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Nutr Biochem 2005; 16: 163-171.
    • (2005) J Nutr Biochem , vol.16 , pp. 163-171
    • Itomura, M.1    Hamazaki, K.2    Sawazaki, S.3    Kobayashi, M.4    Terasawa, K.5    Watanabe, S.6
  • 45
    • 84992426941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, cognition, and behavior in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A randomized controlled trial
    • Milte CM, Parletta N, Buckley JD, Coates AM, Young RM, Howe PR. Eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, cognition, and behavior in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A randomized controlled trial. Nutrition. 2012; 28: 670-677.
    • (2012) Nutrition , vol.28 , pp. 670-677
    • Milte, C.M.1    Parletta, N.2    Buckley, J.D.3    Coates, A.M.4    Young, R.M.5    Howe, P.R.6
  • 46
    • 0034906106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in children with attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder
    • Voigt RG, Llorente AM, Jensen CL, Fraley JK, Berretta MC, Heird WC. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in children with attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder. J Pediatr. 2001; 139: 189-196.
    • (2001) J Pediatr , vol.139 , pp. 189-196
    • Voigt, R.G.1    Llorente, A.M.2    Jensen, C.L.3    Fraley, J.K.4    Berretta, M.C.5    Heird, W.C.6
  • 47
    • 65349140143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive and mood effects of 8 weeks' supplementation with 400 mg or 1000 mg of the omega-3 essential fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in healthy children aged 10-12 years
    • Kennedy DO, Jackson PA, Elliott JM, Scholey AB, Robertson BC, Greer J, et al. Cognitive and mood effects of 8 weeks' supplementation with 400 mg or 1000 mg of the omega-3 essential fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in healthy children aged 10-12 years. Nutr Neurosci 2009; 12: 48-56.
    • (2009) Nutr Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 48-56
    • Kennedy, D.O.1    Jackson, P.A.2    Elliott, J.M.3    Scholey, A.B.4    Robertson, B.C.5    Greer, J.6
  • 48
    • 80052983203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essential fats: How do they affect growth and development of infants and young children in developing countries? A literature review
    • Huffman SL, Harika RK, Eilander A, Osendarp SJ. Essential fats: how do they affect growth and development of infants and young children in developing countries? A literature review. Matern Child Nutr 2011; 7: 44-65.
    • (2011) Matern Child Nutr , vol.7 , pp. 44-65
    • Huffman, S.L.1    Harika, R.K.2    Eilander, A.3    Osendarp, S.J.4
  • 49
    • 80052786290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy and/or lactation on neurodevelopment and visual function in children: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
    • Dziechciarz P, Horvath A, Szajewska H. Effects of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy and/or lactation on neurodevelopment and visual function in children: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Am Coll Nutr. 2010; 29: 443-454.
    • (2010) J Am Coll Nutr , vol.29 , pp. 443-454
    • Dziechciarz, P.1    Horvath, A.2    Szajewska, H.3
  • 50
    • 84861125664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of omega 3 fatty acids supplementation in behavior and nonneurodegenerative neuropsychiatric disorders
    • Ortega RM, Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, López-Sobaler AM. Effects of omega 3 fatty acids supplementation in behavior and nonneurodegenerative neuropsychiatric disorders. Br J Nutr 2012; 107: S261-S270.
    • (2012) Br J Nutr , vol.107
    • Ortega, R.M.1    Rodríguez-Rodríguez, E.2    López-Sobaler, A.M.3
  • 52
    • 33646932745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids in ADHD and related neurodevelopmental disorders
    • Richardson AJ. Omega-3 fatty acids in ADHD and related neurodevelopmental disorders. Int Rev Psychiatry 2006; 18: 155-172.
    • (2006) Int Rev Psychiatry , vol.18 , pp. 155-172
    • Richardson, A.J.1
  • 53
    • 33845586264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular risk factors and excess adiposity among overweight children and adolescents: The Bogalusa Heart Study
    • Freedman DS, Mei Z, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS, Dietz WH. Cardiovascular risk factors and excess adiposity among overweight children and adolescents: The Bogalusa Heart Study. J Pediatr 2007; 150: 12-17.
    • (2007) J Pediatr , vol.150 , pp. 12-17
    • Freedman, D.S.1    Mei, Z.2    Srinivasan, S.R.3    Berenson, G.S.4    Dietz, W.H.5
  • 54
    • 84856433589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of obesity and trends in body mass index among US children and adolescents, 1999-2010
    • Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Prevalence of obesity and trends in body mass index among US children and adolescents, 1999-2010. JAMA 2012; 307: 483-490.
    • (2012) JAMA , vol.307 , pp. 483-490
    • Ogden, C.L.1    Carroll, M.D.2    Kit, B.K.3    Flegal, K.M.4
  • 55
    • 33749446753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Worldwide trends in childhood overweight and obesity
    • Wang Y, Lobstein T. Worldwide trends in childhood overweight and obesity. Int J Pediatr Obes 2006; 1: 11-25.
    • (2006) Int J Pediatr Obes , vol.1 , pp. 11-25
    • Wang, Y.1    Lobstein, T.2
  • 56
    • 34250370233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimated burden of paediatric obesity and co-morbidities in Europe. Part 1. The increase in the prevalence of child obesity in Europe is itself increasing
    • Jackson-Leach R, Lobstein T. Estimated burden of paediatric obesity and co-morbidities in Europe. Part 1. The increase in the prevalence of child obesity in Europe is itself increasing. Int J Pediatr Obes 2006; 1: 26-32.
    • (2006) Int J Pediatr Obes , vol.1 , pp. 26-32
    • Jackson-Leach, R.1    Lobstein, T.2
  • 57
    • 84867186758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids antagonize macrophage inflammation via activation of AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway
    • Xue B, Yang Z, Wang X, Shi H. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids antagonize macrophage inflammation via activation of AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway. PLoS One 2012; 7: e45990.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7
    • Xue, B.1    Yang, Z.2    Wang, X.3    Shi, H.4
  • 58
    • 84857985148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cellular and signaling networks linking the immune system and metabolism in disease
    • Osborn O, Olefsky JM. The cellular and signaling networks linking the immune system and metabolism in disease. Nat Med 2012; 18: 363-374
    • (2012) Nat Med , vol.18 , pp. 363-374
    • Osborn, O.1    Olefsky, J.M.2
  • 59
    • 6944222621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of dietary fatty acids on insulin sensitivity and secretion
    • Manco M, Calvani M, Mingrone G. Effects of dietary fatty acids on insulin sensitivity and secretion. Diabetes Obes Metab 2004; 6: 402-413.
    • (2004) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.6 , pp. 402-413
    • Manco, M.1    Calvani, M.2    Mingrone, G.3
  • 60
    • 84873338734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High physiological omega-3 Fatty Acid supplementation affects muscle fatty acid composition and glucose and insulin homeostasis in obese adolescents
    • Dangardt F, Chen Y, Gronowitz E, Dahlgren J, Friberg P, Strandvik B. High physiological omega-3 Fatty Acid supplementation affects muscle fatty acid composition and glucose and insulin homeostasis in obese adolescents. J Nutr Metab 2012; 2012: 395-757.
    • (2012) J Nutr Metab , vol.2012 , pp. 395-757
    • Dangardt, F.1    Chen, Y.2    Gronowitz, E.3    Dahlgren, J.4    Friberg, P.5    Strandvik, B.6
  • 63
    • 0036224883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of skeletal muscle triglyceride content by (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in lean and obese adolescents: Relationships to insulin sensitivity, total body fat, and central adiposity
    • Sinha R, Dufour S, Petersen KF, LeBon V, Enoksson S, Ma YZ, et al. Assessment of skeletal muscle triglyceride content by (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in lean and obese adolescents: relationships to insulin sensitivity, total body fat, and central adiposity. Diabetes 2002; 51: 1022-1027.
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 1022-1027
    • Sinha, R.1    Dufour, S.2    Petersen, K.F.3    Lebon, V.4    Enoksson, S.5    Ma, Y.Z.6
  • 65
    • 0029915914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of hepatic gene transcription
    • Clarke SD, Jump DB. Polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of hepatic gene transcription. J Nutr 1996; 126: 1105S-1109S.
    • (1996) J Nutr , vol.126
    • Clarke, S.D.1    Jump, D.B.2
  • 66
    • 17744389198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body composition in preterm infants who are fed longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial
    • Groh-Wargo S, Jacobs J, Auestad N, O'Connor DL, Moore JJ, Lerner E. Body composition in preterm infants who are fed longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Pediatr Res 2005; 57: 712-718.
    • (2005) Pediatr Res , vol.57 , pp. 712-718
    • Groh-Wargo, S.1    Jacobs, J.2    Auestad, N.3    O'Connor, D.L.4    Moore, J.J.5    Lerner, E.6
  • 68
    • 84861125217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids during the perinatal period on later body composition
    • Rodríguez G, Iglesia I, Bel-Serrat S, Moreno LA. Effect of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids during the perinatal period on later body composition. Br J Nutr 2012; 107: S117-S128.
    • (2012) Br J Nutr , vol.107
    • Rodríguez, G.1    Iglesia, I.2    Bel-Serrat, S.3    Moreno, L.A.4
  • 69
    • 84861565997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood serum cholesterol ester fatty acids are associated with blood pressure 27 years later in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
    • Kaikkonen JE, Jula A, Mikkilä V, Viikari JS, Moilanen T, Nikkari T, et al. Childhood serum cholesterol ester fatty acids are associated with blood pressure 27 years later in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2012; 95: 1422-1431.
    • (2012) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.95 , pp. 1422-1431
    • Kaikkonen, J.E.1    Jula, A.2    Mikkilä, V.3    Viikari, J.S.4    Moilanen, T.5    Nikkari, T.6
  • 70
    • 84876672954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High intake of dietary long-chain ω-3 fatty acids is associated with lower blood pressure in children born with low birth weight: NHANES 2003-2008
    • Mar 4. [Epub ahead of print]
    • Skilton MR, Raitakari OT, Celermajer DS. High intake of dietary long-chain ω-3 fatty acids is associated with lower blood pressure in children born with low birth weight: NHANES 2003-2008. Hypertension 2013 Mar 4. [Epub ahead of print]
    • (2013) Hypertension
    • Skilton, M.R.1    Raitakari, O.T.2    Celermajer, D.S.3
  • 71
    • 84881537685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prematurity and low weight at birth as new conditions predisposing to an increased cardiovascular risk
    • Jan 19, [Epub ahead of print]
    • Mercuro G, Bassareo PP, Flore G, Fanos V, Dentamaro I, Scicchitano P, et al. Prematurity and low weight at birth as new conditions predisposing to an increased cardiovascular risk. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2012 Jan 19. [Epub ahead of print]
    • (2012) Eur J Prev Cardiol
    • Mercuro, G.1    Bassareo, P.P.2    Flore, G.3    Fanos, V.4    Dentamaro, I.5    Scicchitano, P.6
  • 72
    • 0038076490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infant formula and blood pressure in later childhood: Follow up of a randomised controlled trial
    • Forsyth JS, Willatts P, Agostoni C, Bissenden J, Casaer P, Boehm G. Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infant formula and blood pressure in later childhood: Follow up of a randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2003; 326: 953.
    • (2003) BMJ , vol.326 , pp. 953
    • Forsyth, J.S.1    Willatts, P.2    Agostoni, C.3    Bissenden, J.4    Casaer, P.5    Boehm, G.6
  • 73
    • 84866555150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure in 12-year-old children is associated with fatty acid composition of human milk: The prevention and incidence of asthma and mite allergy birth cohort
    • van Rossem L, Wijga AH, de Jongste JC, Koppelman GH, Oldenwening M, Postma DS, et al. Blood pressure in 12-year-old children is associated with fatty acid composition of human milk: the prevention and incidence of asthma and mite allergy birth cohort. Hypertension 2012; 60: 1055-1060.
    • (2012) Hypertension , vol.60 , pp. 1055-1060
    • van Rossem, L.1    Wijga, A.H.2    de Jongste, J.C.3    Koppelman, G.H.4    Oldenwening, M.5    Postma, D.S.6
  • 75
    • 77955248477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 10-year follow-up of a randomised trial of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in preterm infants: Effects on growth and blood pressure
    • Kennedy K, Ross S, Isaacs EB, Weaver LT, Singhal A, Lucas A, et al. The 10-year follow-up of a randomised trial of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in preterm infants: effects on growth and blood pressure. Arch Dis Child 2010; 95: 588-595.
    • (2010) Arch Dis Child , vol.95 , pp. 588-595
    • Kennedy, K.1    Ross, S.2    Isaacs, E.B.3    Weaver, L.T.4    Singhal, A.5    Lucas, A.6
  • 77
    • 47349085329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subclinical atherosclerosis: What it is, what it means and what we can do about it
    • Toth PP. Subclinical atherosclerosis: What it is, what it means and what we can do about it. Int J Clin Prac 2008; 62: 1246-1254.
    • (2008) Int J Clin Prac , vol.62 , pp. 1246-1254
    • Toth, P.P.1
  • 78
    • 79960461583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different functional cardiac characteristics observed in term/preterm neonates by echocardiography and tissue doppler imaging
    • Ciccone MM, Scicchitano P, Zito A, Gesualdo M, Sassara M, Calderoni G, et al. Different functional cardiac characteristics observed in term/preterm neonates by echocardiography and tissue doppler imaging. Early Hum Dev 2011; 87: 555-558.
    • (2011) Early Hum Dev , vol.87 , pp. 555-558
    • Ciccone, M.M.1    Scicchitano, P.2    Zito, A.3    Gesualdo, M.4    Sassara, M.5    Calderoni, G.6
  • 79
    • 70449709433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis in children and adolescents: Recommendations for standard assessment for clinical research: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association
    • Urbina EM, Williams RV, Alpert BS, Collins RT, Daniels SR, Hayman L, et al. Noninvasive assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis in children and adolescents: recommendations for standard assessment for clinical research: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension 2009; 54: 919-950.
    • (2009) Hypertension , vol.54 , pp. 919-950
    • Urbina, E.M.1    Williams, R.V.2    Alpert, B.S.3    Collins, R.T.4    Daniels, S.R.5    Hayman, L.6
  • 80
    • 33745991122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of childhood primary hypertension on carotid intima media thickness: A matched controlled study
    • Lande MB, Carson NL, Roy J, Meagher CC. Effects of childhood primary hypertension on carotid intima media thickness: a matched controlled study. Hypertension 2006; 48: 40-44.
    • (2006) Hypertension , vol.48 , pp. 40-44
    • Lande, M.B.1    Carson, N.L.2    Roy, J.3    Meagher, C.C.4
  • 81
    • 8144230928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial intima- media thickness in children with type 1 diabetes
    • Järvisalo MJ, Raitakari M, Toikka JO, Putto-Laurila A, Rontu R, Laine S, et al. Endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial intima- media thickness in children with type 1 diabetes. Circulation 2004; 109: 1750-1755.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109 , pp. 1750-1755
    • Järvisalo, M.J.1    Raitakari, M.2    Toikka, J.O.3    Putto-Laurila, A.4    Rontu, R.5    Laine, S.6
  • 82
    • 0842326456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arterial intima-media thickness in children heterozygous for familial hypercholesterolaemia
    • Wiegman A, de Groot E, Hutten BA, Rodenburg J, Gort J, Bakker HD, et al. Arterial intima-media thickness in children heterozygous for familial hypercholesterolaemia. Lancet 2004; 363: 369-370.
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.363 , pp. 369-370
    • Wiegman, A.1    de Groot, E.2    Hutten, B.A.3    Rodenburg, J.4    Gort, J.5    Bakker, H.D.6
  • 83
    • 33646841474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired flow-mediated vasodilation, carotid artery intima-media thickening, and elevated endothelial plasma markers in obese children: The impact of cardiovascular risk factors
    • Meyer AA, Kundt G, Steiner M, Schuff-Werner P, Kienast W. Impaired flow-mediated vasodilation, carotid artery intima-media thickening, and elevated endothelial plasma markers in obese children: the impact of cardiovascular risk factors. Pediatrics 2006; 117: 1560-1567.
    • (2006) Pediatrics , vol.117 , pp. 1560-1567
    • Meyer, A.A.1    Kundt, G.2    Steiner, M.3    Schuff-Werner, P.4    Kienast, W.5
  • 84
    • 3442880238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overweight in children is associated with arterial endothelial dysfunction and intima-media thickening
    • Woo KS, Chook P, Yu CW, Sung RY, Qiao M, Leung SS, et al. Overweight in children is associated with arterial endothelial dysfunction and intima-media thickening. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004; 28: 852-857.
    • (2004) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , vol.28 , pp. 852-857
    • Woo, K.S.1    Chook, P.2    Yu, C.W.3    Sung, R.Y.4    Qiao, M.5    Leung, S.S.6
  • 85
    • 0036488049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between circulating n-3 fatty acid concentrations and endothelial function in early adulthood
    • Leeson CP, Mann A, Kattenhorn M, Deanfield JE, Lucas A, Muller DP. Relationship between circulating n-3 fatty acid concentrations and endothelial function in early adulthood. Eur Heart J 2002; 23: 216-222.
    • (2002) Eur Heart J , vol.23 , pp. 216-222
    • Leeson, C.P.1    Mann, A.2    Kattenhorn, M.3    Deanfield, J.E.4    Lucas, A.5    Muller, D.P.6
  • 86
    • 84857933923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired fetal growth and arterial wall thickening: A randomized trial of ω-3 supplementation
    • Skilton MR, Ayer JG, Harmer JA, Webb K, Leeder SR, Marks GB, et al. Impaired fetal growth and arterial wall thickening: a randomized trial of ω-3 supplementation. Pediatrics 2012; 129: e698-e703.
    • (2012) Pediatrics , vol.129
    • Skilton, M.R.1    Ayer, J.G.2    Harmer, J.A.3    Webb, K.4    Leeder, S.R.5    Marks, G.B.6
  • 87
    • 84993746902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of diet or very long chain omega-3 fatty acids on progression of atherosclerosis, evaluated by carotid plaques, intima-media thickness and by pulse wave propagation in elderly men with hypercholesterolaemia
    • Hjerkinn EM, Abdelnoor M, Breivik L, Bergengen L, Ellingsen I, Seljeflot I, et al. Effect of diet or very long chain omega-3 fatty acids on progression of atherosclerosis, evaluated by carotid plaques, intima-media thickness and by pulse wave propagation in elderly men with hypercholesterolaemia. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2006; 13: 325-333.
    • (2006) Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil , vol.13 , pp. 325-333
    • Hjerkinn, E.M.1    Abdelnoor, M.2    Breivik, L.3    Bergengen, L.4    Ellingsen, I.5    Seljeflot, I.6
  • 88
    • 2942733214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis
    • Davignon J, Ganz P. Role of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Circulation 2004; 109: III27-III32.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109
    • Davignon, J.1    Ganz, P.2
  • 89
    • 84879553015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of polyphenol-rich olive oil in patients with early atherosclerosis
    • Aug 8, [Epub ahead of print]
    • Widmer RJ, Freund MA, Flammer AJ, Sexton J, Lennon R, Romani A, et al. Beneficial effects of polyphenol-rich olive oil in patients with early atherosclerosis. Eur J Nutr 2012 Aug 8. [Epub ahead of print]
    • (2012) Eur J Nutr
    • Widmer, R.J.1    Freund, M.A.2    Flammer, A.J.3    Sexton, J.4    Lennon, R.5    Romani, A.6
  • 90
    • 77955060311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement of endothelial function with dietary flavanols is associated with mobilization of circulating angiogenic cells in patients with coronary artery disease
    • Heiss C, Jahn S, Taylor M, Real WM, Angeli FS, Wong ML, et al. Improvement of endothelial function with dietary flavanols is associated with mobilization of circulating angiogenic cells in patients with coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 56: 218-224.
    • (2010) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.56 , pp. 218-224
    • Heiss, C.1    Jahn, S.2    Taylor, M.3    Real, W.M.4    Angeli, F.S.5    Wong, M.L.6
  • 91
    • 1842474734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A walnut diet improves endothelial function in hypercholesterolemic subjects: A randomized crossover trial
    • Ros E, Núñez I, Pérez-Heras A, Serra M, Gilabert R, Casals E, et al. A walnut diet improves endothelial function in hypercholesterolemic subjects: A randomized crossover trial. Circulation. 2004; 109: 1609-1614.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109 , pp. 1609-1614
    • Ros, E.1    Núñez, I.2    Pérez-Heras, A.3    Serra, M.4    Gilabert, R.5    Casals, E.6
  • 92
    • 7044247219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid restores endothelial function in children with hyperlipidemia: Results from the EARLY study
    • Engler MM, Engler MB, Malloy M, Chiu E, Besio D, Paul S, et al. Docosahexaenoic acid restores endothelial function in children with hyperlipidemia: Results from the EARLY study. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004; 42: 672-679.
    • (2004) Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.42 , pp. 672-679
    • Engler, M.M.1    Engler, M.B.2    Malloy, M.3    Chiu, E.4    Besio, D.5    Paul, S.6
  • 93
    • 77957720065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improves vascular function and reduces inflammation in obese adolescents
    • Dangardt F, Osika W, Chen Y, Nilsson U, Gan LM, Gronowitz E, et al. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improves vascular function and reduces inflammation in obese adolescents. Atherosclerosis 2010; 212: 580-585.
    • (2010) Atherosclerosis , vol.212 , pp. 580-585
    • Dangardt, F.1    Osika, W.2    Chen, Y.3    Nilsson, U.4    Gan, L.M.5    Gronowitz, E.6
  • 94
    • 67949105016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in early childhood: Effects on blood pressure and arterial structure and function at age 8 y
    • Ayer JG, Harmer JA, Xuan W, Toelle B, Webb K, Almqvist C, et al. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in early childhood: Effects on blood pressure and arterial structure and function at age 8 y. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 90: 438-446.
    • (2009) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.90 , pp. 438-446
    • Ayer, J.G.1    Harmer, J.A.2    Xuan, W.3    Toelle, B.4    Webb, K.5    Almqvist, C.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.