Occurrence and removal of emerging pharmaceutical, personal care compounds and caffeine tracer in municipal sewage treatment plant in Western Greece

Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part B Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes

Volumn 48, Issue 9, 2013, Pages 800-813

  Stamatis, Nikolaos K ^a,b   Konstantinou, Ioannis K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF IOANNINA   (Greece)

^b Technological Education Institute of Messolonghi   (Greece)

Author keywords

Greece; Occurrence; pharmaceuticals; removal; wastewater treatment

Indexed keywords

DETECTION AND QUANTIFICATIONS; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; GREECE; MUNICIPAL SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT; MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT; MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS; OCCURRENCE; PERSONAL CARE COMPOUNDS;

AMIDES; DRUG PRODUCTS; EFFLUENTS; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; POLLUTION DETECTION; REMOVAL; RIVERS; TOXICITY; WASTEWATER TREATMENT;

CAFFEINE;

CAFFEINE; COSMETIC; DRUG;

CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); DRUG; EFFLUENT; METABOLITE; MONITORING; POLLUTANT REMOVAL; SEWAGE TREATMENT; WASTEWATER;

ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; EVALUATION; GREECE; METHODOLOGY; RIVER; SEWAGE; WATER MANAGEMENT; WATER POLLUTANT;

CAFFEINE; COSMETICS; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION; GREECE; PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS; RIVERS; SEWAGE; WATER POLLUTANTS, CHEMICAL; WATER PURIFICATION;

ACHELOOS RIVER; GREECE;

EID: 84878164172     PISSN: 03601234     EISSN: 15324109     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2013.781359     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Boyd, G. R., Reemtsma, H., Grimm, D. A. and Mitra, S. 2003. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in surface and treated waters of Louisiana, USA and Ontario, Canada. Sci. Total Environ., 311: 135 - 149.
2. Stan, H. J. and Heberer, T. 1997. Pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. Analusis, 25: 20 - 23.
3. Gros, M., Petrović, M. and Barceló, D. 2006. Development of a multi-residue analytical methodology based on liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for screening and trace level determination of pharmaceuticals in surface and wastewaters. Talanta, 70: 678 - 690.
4. Kasprzyk-Hordern, B., Dinsdale, R. M. and Guwy, A. J. 2009. The removal of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, endocrine disruptors and illicit drugs during wastewater treatment and its impact on the quality of receiving waters. Water Res, 43: 363 - 380.
5. Gros, M., Petrović, M. and Barceló, D. 2009. Tracing pharmaceutical residues of different therapeutic classes in environmental waters by using liquid chromatography/quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry and automated library searching. Anal. Chem., 81: 898 - 912.
6. Roberts, P. H. and Thomas, K. V. 2006. The occurrence of selected pharmaceuticals in wastewater effluent and surface waters of the lower Tyne catchment. Sci. Total. Environ., 356: 143 - 153.
7. Petrovíc, M., Gonzalez, S. and Barceló, D. 2003. Analysis and removal of emerging contaminants in wastewater and drinking water. Trends Anal. Chem., 22: 685 - 696.
8. Lindqvist, N., Tuhkanen, T. and Kronberg, L. 2005. Occurrence of acidic pharmaceuticals in raw and treated sewages and in receiving waters. Water Res., 39: 2219 - 2228.
9. Gómez, M. J., Martínez Bueno, M. J., Lacorte, S., Fernández-Alba, A. R. and Agüera, A. 2007. Pilot survey monitoring pharmaceuticals and related compounds in a sewage treatment plant located on the Mediterranean coast. Chemosphere, 66: 993 - 1002.
10. Ternes, T. A. 1998. Occurrence of drugs in German sewage treatment plants and rivers. Water Res., 32: 3245 - 3260.
11. Singer, H., Müller, S., Tixier, C. and Pillonel, L. 2002. Triclosan: Occurrence and fate of a widely used biocide in the aquatic environment. Field measurements in wastewater treatment plants, surface waters, and lake sediments. Environ. Sci. Technol., 36: 4998 - 5004.
12. Zwiener, C., Gremm, T. J. and Frimmel, F. H. 2001. " Pharmaceutical residues in the environment: Pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment and their significance for drinking water production ". In Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Sources, Fate, Effects and Risks, Edited by: Kümmerer, K. 81 - 89. Heidelberg: Springel-Verlag.
13. Stumpf, M., Ternes, T. A., Haberer, K. and Baumann, W. 1998. Isolation of ibuprofen-metabolites and their importance as pollutants of the aquatic environment. Vom Wasser, 91: 291 - 303.
14. Heberer, Th., Fhurmann, B., Schmidt-Baumler, K., Tsipi, D., Koutsouba, V. and Hiskia, A. 2001. " Occurrence of pharmaceutical residues in sewage, river, ground, and drinking water in Greece and Berlin (Germany) ". In Pharmaceuticals and care products in the environment Vol. 791, 70 - 83. ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC
15. Heberer, T. 2002. Tracking persistent pharmaceutical residues from municipal sewage to drinking water. Toxicol. Lett, 131: 5 - 17.
16. Kosma, C. I., Lambropoulou, D. A. and Albanis, T. A. 2010. Occurrence and removal of PPCPs in municipal and hospital wastewaters in Greece. J. Hazard. Mater, 179 (1-3): 804 - 817.
17. Botitsi, E., Frosyni, C. and Tsipi, D. 2007. Determination of pharmaceuticals from different therapeutic classes in wastewaters by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal. Bioanal. Chem, 387 (4): 1317 - 27.
18. Zuccato, E., Castiglioni, S., Fanelli, R., Reitano, G., Bagnati, R., Chiabrando, C., Pomati, F., Rossetti, C. and Calamari, D. 2006. Pharmaceuticals in the environment in Italy: Causes, occurrence, effects and control. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 13: 15 - 21.
19. Comoretto, L. and Chiron, S. 2005. Comparing pharmaceutical and pesticide loads into a small Mediterranean river. Sci. Total Environ., 349: 201 - 210.
20. Salgado, R., Noronha, J. P., Oehmen, A., Carvalho, G. and Reis, M. A.M. 2010. Analysis of 65 pharmaceuticals and personal care products in 5 wastewater treatment plants in Portugal using a simplified analytical methodology. Wat. Sci. Technol., 62: 2862 - 2871.
21. Santos, J. L., Aparicio, I. and Alonso, E. 2007. Occurrence and risk assessment of pharmaceutically active compounds in wastewater treatment plants. A case study: Seville city (Spain). Environ. Int., 33: 596 - 601.
22. Damasceno, L., Ventura, R., Ortuno, J. and Segura, J. 2000. Derivatization procedures for the detection of beta(2)-agonists by gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis. J. Mass Spectrom, 35: 1285
23. Reemtsma, T., Weiss, S., Mueller, J., Petrovic, M., Gonzalez, S., Barcelo, D., Ventura, F. and Knepper, T. P. 2006. Polar pollutants entry into the water cycle by municipal wastewater: A European perspective. Environ. Sci. Technol., 40: 5451 - 5458.
24. Fent, K., Weston, A. A. and Caminada, D. 2006. Ecotoxicology of human pharmaceuticals. Aquat. Toxicol., 76: 122 - 159.
25. Verenitch, S. S., Lowe, C. J. and Mazumder, A. 2006. Determination of acidic drugs and caffeine in municipal wastewaters and receiving waters by gas chromatography - ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A, 1116: 193 - 203.
26. Gómez, M. J., Agüera, A., Mezcua, M., Hurtado, J., Mocholí, F. and Fernández-Alba, A. R. 2007. Simultaneous analysis of neutral and acidic pharmaceuticals as well as related compounds by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in wastewater. Talanta,: 314 - 320.
27. Yu, J. T., Bouwer, E. J. and Coelthan, M. 2006. Occurrence and biodegradability studies of selected pharmaceuticals and personal care products in sewage effluent. Agric. Water Manag., 86: 72 - 80.
28. Park, J., Kim, M. H., Choi, K., Kim, Y. H. and Kim, M. H. 2006. An approach for developing aquatic environmental risk assessment framework for pharmaceuticals in Korea, 1 - 181. Seoul: Korea Environmental Institute (KEI).
29. Lajeunesse, A. and Gagnon, C. 2007. Determination of acidic pharmaceutical products and carbamazepine in roughly primary-treated wastewater by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Intern. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 87: 565 - 578.
30. Farré, M., Ferre, I., Ginebreda, A., Figueras, M., Olivella, L., Tirapu, L., Vilanova, M. and Barceló, D. 2001. Determination of drugs in surface water and wastewater samples by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: methods and preliminary results including toxicity studies with Vibrio fischeri. J. Chromatogr. A,: 187 - 197.
31. Marchese, S., Perret, D., Gentili, A., Curini, R. and Pastori, F. 2003. Determination of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in surface water and wastewater by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Chromatographia, 58: 263 - 269.
32. Brun, G. L., Bernier, M., Losier, R., Doe, K., Jackman, P. and Lee, H. B. 2006. Pharmaceutically active compounds in Atlantic Canadian sewage treatment plant effluents and receiving waters, and potential for environmental effects as measured by acute and chronic Aquatic Toxicity. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 25 (8): 2163 - 2176.
33. Stan, H. J., Heberer, T. and Linkerhägner, M. 1994. Vorkommen von Clofibrinsäure im Gewässersystem-ist der humanmedizinische Gebrauch Urasche für die Kontamination von Oberflächen-, Grund- und Trinkwasser. Vom Wasser., 83: 57 - 68.
34. Buser, H. R., Muller, M. D. and Theobald, N. 1998. Occurrence of the pharmaceutical drug clofibric acid and the herbicide mecoprop in various Swiss lakes and in the North Sea. Environ. Sci. Technol., 32 (1): 188 - 192.
35. Daughton, C. and Ternes, T. 1999. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment; agents of subtle change?. Environ. Health Persp., 107 (6): 907 - 938.
36. Richardson, M. L. and Brown, J. 1985. The fate of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 37: 1 - 12.
37. Thomas, K. V. and Hilton, M. J. 2004. The occurrence of selected human pharmaceutical compounds in UK estuaries. Mar. Pollut. Bull, 49: 436 - 444.
38. Park, Gr. 2001. Drug metabolism. Br. J. Anaesth. CEPD Rev., 1: 185 - 188.
39. Carballa, M., Omil, F., Lema, J. M., Llompart, M., García-Jares, C., Rodríguez, I., Gómez, M. and Ternes, T. 2004. Behavior of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and hormones in a sewage treatment plant. Water Res., 38: 2918 - 2926.
40. Katsuki, K., Hiroe, H. and Yoshimasa, W. 2007. Elimination of Selected Acidic Pharmaceuticals from Municipal Wastewater by an Activated Sludge System and Membrane Bioreactors. Environ. Sci. Technol., 41 (10): 3708 - 3714.
41. Miège, C., Choubert, J. M., Ribeiro, L., Eusèbe, M. and Coquery, M. 2008. Removal efficiency of pharmaceuticals and personal care products with varying wastewater treatment processes and operating conditions - conception of a database and first results. Wat. Sci. Technol., 57 (1): 49 - 56.
42. Zimetbaum, P., Frishman, W. H. and Kahn, S. 1991. Effects of gemfibrozil and other fibric acid derivatives on blood lipids and lipoproteins. J. Clin. Pharmacol, 31: 25 - 37.
43. Lee, H.-B., Peart, T. E. and Svoboda, L. M. 2005. Determination of endocrine-disrupting phenols, acidic pharmaceuticals, and personal-care products in sewage by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A, 1094: 122 - 129.
44. Blasco, J. and Delvalls, A. 2008. " Impact of emergent contaminants in the environment: Environmental risk assessment ". In Emerging contaminants from industrial and municipal waste, Vol. 5: Water Pollution, Edited by: Barcelo, D. and Petrovic, M. 169 - 188. Berlin: Handb. Environ. Chem.; Springer-Verlag. 5 S1
45. Jones, O. A.H., Voulvoulis, N. and Lester, J. N. 2002. Aquatic environmental assessment of the top 25 English prescription pharmaceuticals. Water Res, 36: 5013 - 5022.
46. Wiegel, S., Aulinger, A., Brockmeyer, R., Harms, H., Loffler, J., Reincke, H., Schmidt, R., Stachel, B., von Tumpling, W. and Wanke, A. 2004. Pharmaceuticals in the river Elbe and its tributaries. Chemosphere, 57: 107 - 126.
47. Vieno, N., Tuhkanen, T. and Kronberg, L. 2007. Elimination of pharmaceuticals in sewage treatment plants in Finland. Water Res., 41: 1001 - 1012.
48. Farré, M., Petrović, M. and Barceló, D. 2007. Recently developed GC/MS and LC/MS methods, for determining NSAIDs in water samples. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 387: 1203 - 1214.
49. Nakada, N., Tanishima, T., Shinohara, H., Kiri, K. and Takada, H. 2006. Pharmaceutical chemicals and endocrine disrupters in municipal wastewater in Tokyo and their removal during activated sludge treatment. Water Res., 40: 3297 - 3303.
50. Lin, A. Y.C., Yu, T. H. and Lateef, S. K. 2009. Removal of pharmaceuticals in secondary wastewater treatment processes in Taiwan. J. Hazard. Mater, 167: 1163 - 1169.
51. Conkle, J. L., White, J. R. and Metcalfe, C. D. 2008. Reduction of pharmaceutically active compounds by a lagoon wetland wastewater treatment system in Southeast Louisiana. Chemosphere, 73: 1741 - 1748.
52. Zhang, Y., Geißen, S. U. and Gal, C. 2008. Carbamazepine and diclofenac: Removal in wastewater treatment plants and occurrence in water bodies. Chemosphere, 73: 1151 - 1161.
53. Buser, H. R., Poiger, T. and Muller, M. D. 1998. Occurrence and fate of the pharmaceutical drug diclofenac in surface waters: rapid photodegradation in a lake. Environ. Sci. Technol, 32 (22): 3449 - 3456.
54. Thomas, M. and Foster, G. D. 2005. Tracking acidic pharmaceuticals, caffeine, and triclosan through THE wastewater treatment process. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 24: 25 - 30.
55. Okumura, T. and Nishikawa, Y. 1996. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry determination of triclosan in water, sediment and fish samples via methylation with diazomethane. Anal. Chim. Acta, 325: 175 - 84.
56. Gardinali, P. R. and Zhao, X. 2002. Trace determination of caffeine in surface water samples by liquid chromatography atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-APCI-MS). Environ. Int., 28: 521 - 528.
57. Tang Liu, D. D.S., Williams, R. L. and Riegelman, S. 1983. Disposition of caffeine and its metabolites in man. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 224: 180 - 185.
58. Santos, J. L., Aparicio, I., Callejòn, M. and Alonso, E. 2009. Occurrence of pharmaceutically active compounds during 1-year period in wastewaters from four wastewater treatment plants in Seville (Spain). J. Hazard. Mater., 164: 1509 - 1516.
59. McArdell, C., Molnar, E., Suter, M. J. and Giger, W. 2003. Occurrence and Fate of Macrolide Antibiotics in Wastewater Treatment Plants and in the Glatt Valley Watershed, Switzerland. Environ. Sci. Technol., 37: 5479 - 5486.
60. Skoulikidis, N. 2003. Hydrochemical character and spatiotemporal variations in a heavily modified river of Western Greece. Environ. Geol., 43: 814 - 824.
61. Fourniotis, N. Th. 2012. A Proposal for Impact Evaluation of the Diversion of the Acheloos River, on the Acheloos Estuary in Western Greece. Intern. J. Engin. Sci. Technol., 4 (4): 1793 - 1802.
62. POSEIDON Project. 2006. Assessment of Technologies for the Removal of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Sewage and Drinking Water Facilities to Improve the Indirect Potable Water Reuse. Available at http://undine.bafg.de/servlet/is/2888/Final-Report-POSEIDON-May2006.pdf?command=downloadContent&filename=Final-Report-POSEIDON-May2006.pdf (acces- sed May 2012)
63. d) for pharmaceuticals and musk fragrances in sewage sludge. Water Res., 38: 4075 - 4084.
64. Ying, G. G., Kookana, R. S. and Kolpin, D. W. 2009. Occurrence and removal of pharmaceutically active compounds in sewage treatment plants with different technologies. J. Environ. Monit., 11: 1498 - 1505.
65. Sipma, J., Osuna, B., Collado, N., Monclús, H., Ferrero, G., Comas, J. and Rodriguez-Roda, I. 2010. Comparison of removal of pharmaceuticals in MBR and activated sludge systems. Desalination, 250: 653 - 659.
66. Andreozzi, R., Marotta, R. and Paxéus, N. 2002. Pharmaceuticals in STP effuents and their solar photodegradation in aquatic environment. Chemosphere, 50: 1319 - 1330.
67. Tixier, C., Singer, H. P., Canonica, S. and Müller, S. R. 2002. Phototransformation of triclosan in surface waters: A relevant elimination process for this widely used biocide - Laboratory studies, field measurements, and modeling. Environ. Sci. Technol., 36: 3482 - 3489.
68. Karaman, R., Khamis, M., Quried, M., Halabieh, R., Makharzeh, I., Manassra, A., Abbadi, J., Qtait, A., Bufo, S. A., Nasser, A. and Nir, S. 2012. Removal of diclofenac potassium from wastewater using clay-micelle complex. Environ. Technol, 33 (10-12): 1279 - 87.
69. Nakada, N., Shinohara, H., Murata, A., Kiri, K., Managaki, S., Sato, N. and Takada, H. 2007. Removal of selected pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during sand filtration and ozonation at a municipal sewage treatment plant. Water Res., 41 (19): 4373 - 82.
70. Buser, H. R., Poiger, T. and Muller, M. D. 1999. Occurrence and environmental behavior of the chiral pharmaceutical drug ibuprofen in surface waters and in wastewater. Environ. Sci. Technol, 33: 2529 - 2535.
71. Joss, A., Keller, E., Alder, A. C., Göbel, A., McArdell, C. S., Ternes, T. and Siegrist, H. 2005. Removal of pharmaceuticals and fragrances in biological wastewater treatment. Water Res., 39: 3139 - 3152.
72. Zorita, S., Mertensson, L. and Mathiasson, L. 2009. Occurrence and removal of pharmaceuticals in a municipal sewage treatment system in the south of Sweden. Sci. Total. Environ, 407: 2760 - 2770.
73. Reif, R., Suárez, S., Omil, F. and Lema, J. M. 2008. Fate of pharmaceuticals and cosmetic ingredients during the operation of a MBR treating sewage. Desalination, 221: 511 - 517.
74. Huber, M. M., Korhonen, S., Ternes, T. A. and Von Gunten, U. 2005. Oxidation of pharmaceuticals during water treatment with chlorine dioxide. Water Res., 39: 3607 - 3617.
75. Radjenović, J., Petrović, M. and Barceló, D. 2009. Fate and distribution of pharmaceuticals in wastewater and sewage sludge of the conventional activated sludge (CAS) and advanced membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment. Water Res., 43: 831 - 841.
76. Clara, M., Kreuzinger, N., Strenn, B., Gans, O. and Kroiss, H. 2005. The solids retention time a suitable design parameter to evaluate the capacity of wastewater treatment plants to remove micropollutants. Water Res., 39: 97 - 106.
77. Hua, W., Bennett, E. R. and Letcher, R. J. 2005. Triclosan in waste and surface waters from the upper Detroit River by liquid chromatography-electrospray-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry. Environ. Intern., 31: 621 - 630.
78. Sui, Q., Huang, J., Deng, S., Chen, W. and Yu, G. 2011. Seasonal Variation in the Occurrence and Removal of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Different Biological Wastewater Treatment Processes. Environ. Sci. Technol., 45: 3341 - 3348.
79. Henschel, K., Wenzel, A., Diedrich, M. and Fliedner, A. 1997. Environmental hazard assessment of pharmaceuticals. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol, 25: 220 - 225.
80. Pinkston, K. E. and Sedlak, D. L. 2004. Transformation of aromatic ether- and amine-containing pharmaceuticals during chlorine disinfection. Environ. Sci. Technol., 38: 4019 - 4025.
81. Beausse, J. 2004. Selected drugs in solid matrices: a review of environmental determination, occurrence and properties of principal substances. Trends Anal. Chem., 23: 753 - 761.