메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 427-435

Menopausal hormone therapy: Examining cardiovascular and clinical impacts of treatment

Author keywords

blood pressure; cardiovascular disease; coronary artery disease; estrogen; hypertension; menopausal hormone therapy; menopause; stroke

Indexed keywords

CONJUGATED ESTROGEN; ESTROGEN; GESTAGEN; HORMONE; PLACEBO; PROGESTERONE; SEX HORMONE;

EID: 84877853045     PISSN: 14796678     EISSN: 17448298     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2217/fca.13.14     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (1)

References (71)
  • 1
    • 80052571006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A woman's journey through the reproductive, transitional and postmenopausal periods of life: Impact on cardiovascular and musculo-skeletal risk and the role of estrogen replacement
    • Stevenson JC. A woman's journey through the reproductive, transitional and postmenopausal periods of life: impact on cardiovascular and musculo-skeletal risk and the role of estrogen replacement. Maturitas 70(2), 197-205 (2011).
    • (2011) Maturitas , vol.70 , Issue.2 , pp. 197-205
    • Stevenson, J.C.1
  • 3
    • 84865729636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hysterectomy is associated with large artery stiffening in estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women
    • Gavin KM, Jankowski C, Kohrt WM, Stauffer BL, Seals DR, Moreau KL. Hysterectomy is associated with large artery stiffening in estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women. Menopause 19(9), 1000-1007 (2012).
    • (2012) Menopause , vol.19 , Issue.9 , pp. 1000-1007
    • Gavin, K.M.1    Jankowski, C.2    Kohrt, W.M.3    Stauffer, B.L.4    Seals, D.R.5    Moreau, K.L.6
  • 4
    • 34248580770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of hot flushes and night sweats around the world: A systematic review
    • Freeman EW, Sherif K. Prevalence of hot flushes and night sweats around the world: a systematic review. Climacteric 10(3), 197-214 (2007).
    • (2007) Climacteric , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 197-214
    • Freeman, E.W.1    Sherif, K.2
  • 5
    • 84867020548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early menopause predicts future coronary heart disease and stroke: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
    • Wellons M, Ouyang P, Schreiner PJ, Herrington DM, Vaidya D. Early menopause predicts future coronary heart disease and stroke: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Menopause 19(10), 1081-1087 (2012).
    • (2012) Menopause , vol.19 , Issue.10 , pp. 1081-1087
    • Wellons, M.1    Ouyang, P.2    Schreiner, P.J.3    Herrington, D.M.4    Vaidya, D.5
  • 6
    • 43249108783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations of endogenous sex hormones with the vasculature in menopausal women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN)
    • Wildman RP, Colvin AB, Powell LH et al. Associations of endogenous sex hormones with the vasculature in menopausal women: the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Menopause 15(3), 414-421 (2008).
    • (2008) Menopause , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 414-421
    • Wildman, R.P.1    Colvin, A.B.2    Powell, L.H.3
  • 7
    • 0034687825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective, observational study of postmenopausal hormone therapy and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
    • Grodstein F, Manson JE, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Stampfer MJ. A prospective, observational study of postmenopausal hormone therapy and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Ann. Intern. Med. 133(12), 933-941 (2000).
    • (2000) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.133 , Issue.12 , pp. 933-941
    • Grodstein, F.1    Manson, J.E.2    Colditz, G.A.3    Willett, W.C.4    Speizer, F.E.5    Stampfer, M.J.6
  • 8
    • 0037125379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: Principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial
    • Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL et al. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results From the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 288(3), 321-333 (2002).
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , Issue.3 , pp. 321-333
    • Rossouw, J.E.1    Anderson, G.L.2    Prentice, R.L.3
  • 9
    • 0023689202 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen replacement therapy and protection from acute myocardial infarction
    • Henderson BE, Paganini-Hill A, Ross RK. Estrogen replacement therapy and protection from acute myocardial infarction. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 159(2), 312-317 (1988).
    • (1988) Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.159 , Issue.2 , pp. 312-317
    • Henderson, B.E.1    Paganini-Hill, A.2    Ross, R.K.3
  • 11
    • 79960909793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are propensity scores really superior to standard multivariable analysis? Contemp
    • Biondi-Zoccai G, Romagnoli E, Agostoni P et al. Are propensity scores really superior to standard multivariable analysis? Contemp. Clin. Trials 32(5), 731-740 (2011).
    • (2011) Clin. Trials , vol.32 , Issue.5 , pp. 731-740
    • Biondi-Zoccai, G.1    Romagnoli, E.2    Agostoni, P.3
  • 12
    • 0032539907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of postmenopausal hormone therapy on lipoprotein(a) concentration. PEPI Investigators. Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions
    • Espeland MA, Marcovina SM, Miller V et al. Effect of postmenopausal hormone therapy on lipoprotein(a) concentration. PEPI Investigators. Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions. Circulation 97(10), 979-986 (1998).
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.97 , Issue.10 , pp. 979-986
    • Espeland, M.A.1    Marcovina, S.M.2    Miller, V.3
  • 13
    • 84870059868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipoprotein(a) and risk of coronary, cerebrovascular, and peripheral artery disease. The EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population Study
    • Gurdasani D, Sjouke B, Tsimikas S et al. Lipoprotein(a) and risk of coronary, cerebrovascular, and peripheral artery disease. The EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population Study. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 32(12), 3058-3065 (2012).
    • (2012) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. , vol.32 , Issue.12 , pp. 3058-3065
    • Gurdasani, D.1    Sjouke, B.2    Tsimikas, S.3
  • 14
    • 0032547326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women
    • Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group
    • Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T et al. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group. JAMA 280(7), 605-613 (1998).
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.280 , Issue.7 , pp. 605-613
    • Hulley, S.1    Grady, D.2    Bush, T.3
  • 15
    • 0037014584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy: Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study follow-up (HERS II)
    • Grady D, Herrington D, Bittner V et al. Cardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy: Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study follow-up (HERS II). JAMA 288(1), 49-57 (2002).
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-57
    • Grady, D.1    Herrington, D.2    Bittner, V.3
  • 16
    • 0042093742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen plus progestin and the risk of coronary heart disease
    • Manson JE, Hsia J, Johnson KC et al. Estrogen plus progestin and the risk of coronary heart disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 349(6), 523-534 (2003).
    • (2003) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.349 , Issue.6 , pp. 523-534
    • Manson, J.E.1    Hsia, J.2    Johnson, K.C.3
  • 17
    • 1842867053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: The Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial
    • Anderson GL, Limacher M, Assaf AR et al. Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 291(14), 1701-1712 (2004).
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.291 , Issue.14 , pp. 1701-1712
    • Anderson, G.L.1    Limacher, M.2    Assaf, A.R.3
  • 18
    • 0016709259 scopus 로고
    • Altered neuronal excitability accompanying experimental prevention of supersensitivity in undercut cortex
    • Anderson TE, Rutledge LT, Dyer RS. Altered neuronal excitability accompanying experimental prevention of supersensitivity in undercut cortex. Brain Res. 95(1), 147-153 (1975).
    • (1975) Brain Res. , vol.95 , Issue.1 , pp. 147-153
    • Anderson, T.E.1    Rutledge, L.T.2    Dyer, R.S.3
  • 19
    • 0035144266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of oral postmenopausal hormone replacement on progression of atherosclerosis: A randomized, controlled trial
    • Angerer P, Stork S, Kothny W, Schmitt P, Von Schacky C. Effect of oral postmenopausal hormone replacement on progression of atherosclerosis: a randomized, controlled trial. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 21(2), 262-268 (2001).
    • (2001) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 262-268
    • Angerer, P.1    Stork, S.2    Kothny, W.3    Schmitt, P.4    Von Schacky, C.5
  • 20
    • 0034710627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of estrogen replacement on the progression of coronary-artery atherosclerosis
    • Herrington DM, Reboussin DM, Brosnihan KB et al. Effects of estrogen replacement on the progression of coronary-artery atherosclerosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 343(8), 522-529 (2000).
    • (2000) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.343 , Issue.8 , pp. 522-529
    • Herrington, D.M.1    Reboussin, D.M.2    Brosnihan, K.B.3
  • 21
    • 45449118916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post menopausal hormones and measures of subclinical atherosclerosis: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis
    • Shahar E, Burke GL, Cushman M, Heckbert SR, Ouyang P, Szklo M. Post menopausal hormones and measures of subclinical atherosclerosis: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Prev. Med. 47(1), 38-45 (2008).
    • (2008) Prev. Med. , vol.47 , Issue.1 , pp. 38-45
    • Shahar, E.1    Burke, G.L.2    Cushman, M.3    Heckbert, S.R.4    Ouyang, P.5    Szklo, M.6
  • 22
    • 33847259700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of estrogen replacement with and without medroxyprogesterone acetate on brachial flow-mediated vasodilator responses in postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease
    • Yeboah J, Reboussin DM, Waters D, Kowalchuk G, Herrington DM. Effects of estrogen replacement with and without medroxyprogesterone acetate on brachial flow-mediated vasodilator responses in postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease. Am. Heart J. 153(3), 439-444 (2007).
    • (2007) Am. Heart J. , vol.153 , Issue.3 , pp. 439-444
    • Yeboah, J.1    Reboussin, D.M.2    Waters, D.3    Kowalchuk, G.4    Herrington, D.M.5
  • 23
    • 0035808009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen in the prevention of atherosclerosis. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Hodis HN, Mack WJ, Lobo RA et al. Estrogen in the prevention of atherosclerosis. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann. Intern. Med. 135(11), 939-953 (2001).
    • (2001) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.135 , Issue.11 , pp. 939-953
    • Hodis, H.N.1    Mack, W.J.2    Lobo, R.A.3
  • 24
    • 34250696907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen therapy and coronary-artery calcification
    • Manson JE, Allison MA, Rossouw JE et al. Estrogen therapy and coronary-artery calcification. N. Engl. J. Med. 356(25), 2591-2602 (2007).
    • (2007) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.356 , Issue.25 , pp. 2591-2602
    • Manson, J.E.1    Allison, M.A.2    Rossouw, J.E.3
  • 25
    • 13444252625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone therapy and coronary artery calcification in asymptomatic postmenopausal women: The Rancho Bernardo Study
    • Barrett-Connor E, Laughlin GA. Hormone therapy and coronary artery calcification in asymptomatic postmenopausal women: the Rancho Bernardo Study. Menopause 12(1), 40-48 (2005).
    • (2005) Menopause , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 40-48
    • Barrett-Connor, E.1    Laughlin, G.A.2
  • 26
    • 84858448835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone replacement therapy is associated with a decreased prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in postmenopausal women
    • Rockman CB, Maldonado TS, Jacobowitz GR, Adelman MA, Riles TS. Hormone replacement therapy is associated with a decreased prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in postmenopausal women. Ann. Vasc. Surg. 26(3), 411-418 (2012).
    • (2012) Ann. Vasc. Surg. , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 411-418
    • Rockman, C.B.1    Maldonado, T.S.2    Jacobowitz, G.R.3    Mallison, M.A.4    Riles, T.S.5
  • 27
    • 33646271366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brief report: Coronary heart disease events associated with hormone therapy in younger and older women. A meta-analysis
    • Salpeter SR, Walsh JM, Greyber E, Salpeter EE. Brief report: coronary heart disease events associated with hormone therapy in younger and older women. A meta-analysis. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 21(4), 363-366 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Gen. Intern. Med. , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 363-366
    • Salpeter, S.R.1    Walsh, J.M.2    Greyber, E.3    Salpeter, E.E.4
  • 29
    • 0035928657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone replacement therapy and longitudinal changes in blood pressure in postmenopausal women
    • Scuteri A, Bos AJ, Brant LJ, Talbot L, Lakatta EG, Fleg JL. Hormone replacement therapy and longitudinal changes in blood pressure in postmenopausal women. Ann. Intern. Med. 135(4), 229-238 (2001).
    • (2001) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.135 , Issue.4 , pp. 229-238
    • Scuteri, A.1    Bos, A.J.2    Brant, L.J.3    Talbot, L.4    Lakatta, E.G.5    Fleg, J.L.6
  • 30
    • 0031758170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ambulatory-not office-blood pressures decline during hormone replacement therapy in healthy postmenopausal women
    • Van Ittersum FJ, Van Baal WM, Kenemans P et al. Ambulatory-not office-blood pressures decline during hormone replacement therapy in healthy postmenopausal women. Am. J. Hypertens. 11(10), 1147-1152 (1998).
    • (1998) Am. J. Hypertens. , vol.11 , Issue.10 , pp. 1147-1152
    • Van Ittersum, F.J.1    Van Baal, W.M.2    Kenemans, P.3
  • 31
    • 77957126077 scopus 로고
    • Effects of estrogen or estrogen/progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. The Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) trial
    • The Writing Group for the Pepi Trial
    • The Writing Group for the Pepi Trial. Effects of estrogen or estrogen/progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. The Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) trial. JAMA 273(3), 199-208 (1995).
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , Issue.3 , pp. 199-208
  • 32
    • 0033679042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertension and its treatment in postmenopausal women: Baseline data from the Women's Health Initiative
    • Wassertheil-Smoller S, Anderson G, Psaty BM et al. Hypertension and its treatment in postmenopausal women: baseline data from the Women's Health Initiative. Hypertension 36(5), 780-789 (2000).
    • (2000) Hypertension , vol.36 , Issue.5 , pp. 780-789
    • Wassertheil-Smoller, S.1    Anderson, G.2    Psaty, B.M.3
  • 33
    • 84863856940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Menopausal hormone therapy is associated with having high blood pressure in postmenopausal women: Observational cohort study
    • Chiu CL, Lujic S, Thornton C et al. Menopausal hormone therapy is associated with having high blood pressure in postmenopausal women: observational cohort study. PLoS One 7(7), e40260 (2012).
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7 , Issue.7
    • Chiu, C.L.1    Lujic, S.2    Thornton, C.3
  • 34
    • 79958819189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cross-sectional and 10-year prospective study of postmenopausal estrogen therapy and blood pressure, renal function, and albuminuria: The Rancho Bernardo Study
    • Fung MM, Poddar S, Bettencourt R, Jassal SK, Barrett-Connor E. A cross-sectional and 10-year prospective study of postmenopausal estrogen therapy and blood pressure, renal function, and albuminuria: the Rancho Bernardo Study. Menopause 18(6), 629-637 (2011).
    • (2011) Menopause , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 629-637
    • Fung, M.M.1    Poddar, S.2    Bettencourt, R.3    Jassal, S.K.4    Barrett-Connor, E.5
  • 35
    • 15944417536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone replacement therapy and arterial blood pressure in postmenopausal women with hypertension
    • Karalis I, Beevers G, Beevers M, Lip G. Hormone replacement therapy and arterial blood pressure in postmenopausal women with hypertension. Blood Press. 14(1), 38-44 (2005).
    • (2005) Blood Press. , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 38-44
    • Karalis, I.1    Beevers, G.2    Beevers, M.3    Lip, G.4
  • 36
    • 0030801532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of hormone replacement therapy on blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors in menopausal women with moderate hypertension
    • Kornhauser C, Malacara JM, Garay ME, Perez-Luque EL. The effect of hormone replacement therapy on blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors in menopausal women with moderate hypertension. J. Hum. Hypertens. 11(7), 405-411 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Hum. Hypertens. , vol.11 , Issue.7 , pp. 405-411
    • Kornhauser, C.1    Malacara, J.M.2    Garay, M.E.3    Perez-Luque, E.L.4
  • 37
    • 33750618072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The long-term effects of low-dose 17beta-estradiol and dydrogesterone hormone replacement therapy on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive postmenopausal women: A 1-year randomized, prospective study
    • Kaya C, Dincer Cengiz S, Cengiz B, Akgun G. The long-term effects of low-dose 17beta-estradiol and dydrogesterone hormone replacement therapy on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive postmenopausal women: a 1-year randomized, prospective study. Climacteric 9(6), 437-445 (2006).
    • (2006) Climacteric , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 437-445
    • Kaya, C.1    Dincer Cengiz, S.2    Cengiz, B.3    Akgun, G.4
  • 38
    • 77749240022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial function, but not carotid intima-media thickness, is affected early in menopause and is associated with severity of hot flushes
    • Bechlioulis A, Kalantaridou SN, Naka KK et al. Endothelial function, but not carotid intima-media thickness, is affected early in menopause and is associated with severity of hot flushes. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 95(3), 1199-1206 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.95 , Issue.3 , pp. 1199-1206
    • Bechlioulis, A.1    Kalantaridou, S.N.2    Naka, K.K.3
  • 39
    • 0025283892 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in patients with essential hypertension
    • Panza JA, Quyyumi AA, Brush JE Jr, Epstein SE. Abnormal endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in patients with essential hypertension. N. Engl. J. Med. 323(1), 22-27 (1990).
    • (1990) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.323 , Issue.1 , pp. 22-27
    • Panza, J.A.1    Quyyumi, A.A.2    Brush Jr., J.E.3    Epstein, S.E.4
  • 40
    • 0034846443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in cardiovascular risk factors during the perimenopause and postmenopause and carotid artery atherosclerosis in healthy women
    • Matthews KA, Kuller LH, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Chang YF. Changes in cardiovascular risk factors during the perimenopause and postmenopause and carotid artery atherosclerosis in healthy women. Stroke 32(5), 1104-1111 (2001).
    • (2001) Stroke , vol.32 , Issue.5 , pp. 1104-1111
    • Matthews, K.A.1    Kuller, L.H.2    Sutton-Tyrrell, K.3    Chang, Y.F.4
  • 41
  • 42
    • 0027463811 scopus 로고
    • Decreased risk of stroke among postmenopausal hormone users. Results from a national cohort
    • Finucane FF, Madans JH, Bush TL, Wolf PH, Kleinman JC. Decreased risk of stroke among postmenopausal hormone users. Results from a national cohort. Arch. Intern. Med. 153(1), 73-79 (1993).
    • (1993) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.153 , Issue.1 , pp. 73-79
    • Finucane, F.F.1    Madans, J.H.2    Bush, T.L.3    Wolf, P.H.4    Kleinman, J.C.5
  • 43
    • 0023808893 scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal oestrogen treatment and stroke: A prospective study
    • Paganini-Hill A, Ross RK, Henderson BE. Postmenopausal oestrogen treatment and stroke: a prospective study. BMJ 297(6647), 519-522 (1988).
    • (1988) BMJ , vol.297 , Issue.6647 , pp. 519-522
    • Paganini-Hill, A.1    Ross, R.K.2    Henderson, B.E.3
  • 44
    • 0034595197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal hormone therapy increases risk for venous thromboembolic disease
    • The Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study
    • Grady D, Wenger NK, Herrington D et al. Postmenopausal hormone therapy increases risk for venous thromboembolic disease. The Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study. Ann. Intern. Med. 132(9), 689-696 (2000).
    • (2000) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.132 , Issue.9 , pp. 689-696
    • Grady, D.1    Wenger, N.K.2    Herrington, D.3
  • 45
    • 0035814748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of stroke: The Heart and Estrogen-Progestin Replacement Study (HERS)
    • Simon JA, Hsia J, Cauley JA et al. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of stroke: the Heart and Estrogen-Progestin Replacement Study (HERS). Circulation 103(5), 638-642 (2001).
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.103 , Issue.5 , pp. 638-642
    • Simon, J.A.1    Hsia, J.2    Cauley, J.A.3
  • 46
    • 0037534909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of estrogen plus progestin on stroke in postmenopausal women: The Women's Health Initiative: A randomized trial
    • Wassertheil-Smoller S, Hendrix SL, Limacher M et al. Effect of estrogen plus progestin on stroke in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative: a randomized trial. JAMA 289(20), 2673-2684 (2003).
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.289 , Issue.20 , pp. 2673-2684
    • Wassertheil-Smoller, S.1    Hendrix, S.L.2    Limacher, M.3
  • 47
    • 34047237367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of cardiovascular disease by age and years since menopause
    • Rossouw JE, Prentice RL, Manson JE et al. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of cardiovascular disease by age and years since menopause. JAMA 297(13), 1465-1477 (2007).
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.297 , Issue.13 , pp. 1465-1477
    • Rossouw, J.E.1    Prentice, R.L.2    Manson, J.E.3
  • 48
    • 49749127056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between hormone replacement therapy and subsequent arterial and venous vascular events: A meta-analysis
    • Sare GM, Gray LJ, Bath PM. Association between hormone replacement therapy and subsequent arterial and venous vascular events: a meta-analysis. Eur. Heart J. 29(16), 2031-2041 (2008).
    • (2008) Eur. Heart J. , vol.29 , Issue.16 , pp. 2031-2041
    • Sare, G.M.1    Gray, L.J.2    Bath, P.M.3
  • 49
    • 13744259397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between hormone replacement therapy and subsequent stroke: A meta-analysis
    • Bath PM, Gray LJ. Association between hormone replacement therapy and subsequent stroke: a meta-analysis. BMJ 330(7487), 342 (2005).
    • (2005) BMJ , vol.330 , Issue.7487 , pp. 342
    • Bath, P.M.1    Gray, L.J.2
  • 50
    • 79953120230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transdermal and oral hormone replacement therapy and the risk of stroke: A nested case-control study
    • Renoux C, Dell'Aniello S, Garbe E, Suissa S. Transdermal and oral hormone replacement therapy and the risk of stroke: a nested case-control study. BMJ 340, c2519 (2010).
    • (2010) BMJ , vol.340
    • Renoux, C.1    Dell'Aniello, S.2    Garbe, E.3    Suissa, S.4
  • 51
    • 77953573349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone replacement therapy and the risk of venous thromboembolism: A population-based study
    • Renoux C, Dell'Aniello S, Suissa S. Hormone replacement therapy and the risk of venous thromboembolism: a population-based study. J. Thromb. Haemost. 8(5), 979-986 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Thromb. Haemost. , vol.8 , Issue.5 , pp. 979-986
    • Renoux, C.1    Dell'Aniello, S.2    Suissa, S.3
  • 52
    • 84870760671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial function is impaired across the stages of the menopause transition in healthy women
    • Moreau KL, Hildreth KL, Meditz AL, Deane KD, Kohrt WM. Endothelial function is impaired across the stages of the menopause transition in healthy women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 97(12), 4692-4700 (2012).
    • (2012) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.97 , Issue.12 , pp. 4692-4700
    • Moreau, K.L.1    Hildreth, K.L.2    Meditz, A.L.3    Deane, K.D.4    Kohrt, W.M.5
  • 53
    • 38549103844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time since menopause influences the acute and chronic effect of estrogens on endothelial function
    • Vitale C, Mercuro G, Cerquetani E et al. Time since menopause influences the acute and chronic effect of estrogens on endothelial function. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 28(2), 348-352 (2008).
    • (2008) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. , vol.28 , Issue.2 , pp. 348-352
    • Vitale, C.1    Mercuro, G.2    Cerquetani, E.3
  • 54
    • 0035140297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of postmenopausal atherosclerosis progression: A comparison of the effects of conjugated equine estrogens and soy phytoestrogens
    • Clarkson TB, Anthony MS, Morgan TM. Inhibition of postmenopausal atherosclerosis progression: a comparison of the effects of conjugated equine estrogens and soy phytoestrogens. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86(1), 41-47 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.86 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-47
    • Clarkson, T.B.1    Anthony, M.S.2    Morgan, T.M.3
  • 55
    • 32044435429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone therapy and coronary heart disease: The role of time since menopause and age at hormone initiation
    • Grodstein F, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ. Hormone therapy and coronary heart disease: the role of time since menopause and age at hormone initiation. J. Womens Health (Larchmt) 15(1), 35-44 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Womens Health (Larchmt , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-44
    • Grodstein, F.1    Manson, J.E.2    Stampfer, M.J.3
  • 56
    • 32644436832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conjugated equine estrogens and coronary heart disease: The Women's Health Initiative
    • Hsia J, Langer RD, Manson JE et al. Conjugated equine estrogens and coronary heart disease: the Women's Health Initiative. Arch. Intern. Med. 166(3), 357-365 (2006).
    • (2006) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.166 , Issue.3 , pp. 357-365
    • Hsia, J.1    Langer, R.D.2    Manson, J.E.3
  • 57
    • 84868307415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hormone replacement therapy on cardiovascular events in recently postmenopausal women: Randomised trial
    • Schierbeck LL, Rejnmark L, Tofteng CL et al. Effect of hormone replacement therapy on cardiovascular events in recently postmenopausal women: randomised trial. BMJ 345, e6409 (2012).
    • (2012) BMJ , vol.345
    • Schierbeck, L.L.1    Rejnmark, L.2    Tofteng, C.L.3
  • 58
    • 68749108089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using basic science to design a clinical trial: Baseline characteristics of women enrolled in the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS)
    • Miller VM, Black DM, Brinton EA et al. Using basic science to design a clinical trial: baseline characteristics of women enrolled in the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS). J. Cardiovasc. Transl. Res. 2(3), 228-239 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Cardiovasc. Transl. Res. , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 228-239
    • Miller, V.M.1    Black, D.M.2    Brinton, E.A.3
  • 59
    • 58549095230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell expression and function of matrix metalloproteinases is mediated by estrogen and progesterone exposure
    • Grandas OH, Mountain DH, Kirkpatrick SS et al. Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell expression and function of matrix metalloproteinases is mediated by estrogen and progesterone exposure. J. Vasc. Surg. 49(1), 185-191 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Vasc. Surg. , vol.49 , Issue.1 , pp. 185-191
    • Grandas, O.H.1    Mountain, D.H.2    Kirkpatrick, S.S.3
  • 60
    • 47349117387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-dependent cardiac effect of oestrogen replacement in mice post-myocardial infarction
    • Zhan E, Keimig T, Xu J et al. Dose-dependent cardiac effect of oestrogen replacement in mice post-myocardial infarction. Exp. Physiol. 93(8), 982-993 (2008).
    • (2008) Exp. Physiol. , vol.93 , Issue.8 , pp. 982-993
    • Zhan, E.1    Keimig, T.2    Xu, J.3
  • 61
    • 4644268401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Esterified estrogens and conjugated equine estrogens and the risk of venous thrombosis
    • Smith NL, Heckbert SR, Lemaitre RN et al. Esterified estrogens and conjugated equine estrogens and the risk of venous thrombosis. JAMA 292(13), 1581-1587 (2004).
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.292 , Issue.13 , pp. 1581-1587
    • Smith, N.L.1    Heckbert, S.R.2    Lemaitre, R.N.3
  • 62
    • 33644583642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Esterified estrogen and conjugated equine estrogen and the risk of incident myocardial infarction and stroke
    • Lemaitre RN, Weiss NS, Smith NL et al. Esterified estrogen and conjugated equine estrogen and the risk of incident myocardial infarction and stroke. Arch. Intern. Med. 166(4), 399-404 (2006).
    • (2006) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.166 , Issue.4 , pp. 399-404
    • Lemaitre, R.N.1    Weiss, N.S.2    Smith, N.L.3
  • 64
    • 51549098795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of non-oral postmenopausal hormone therapy on markers of cardiovascular risk: A systematic review
    • Hemelaar M, Van Der Mooren MJ, Rad M, Kluft C, Kenemans P. Effects of non-oral postmenopausal hormone therapy on markers of cardiovascular risk: a systematic review. Fertil. Steril. 90(3), 642-672 (2008).
    • (2008) Fertil. Steril. , vol.90 , Issue.3 , pp. 642-672
    • Hemelaar, M.1    Van Der Mooren, M.J.2    Rad, M.3    Kluft, C.4    Kenemans, P.5
  • 65
    • 33749593535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of oral conjugated equine estrogen and transdermal estrogen on atherosclerotic vascular disease risk markers and endothelial function in healthy postmenopausal women
    • Ho JY, Chen MJ, Sheu WH et al. Differential effects of oral conjugated equine estrogen and transdermal estrogen on atherosclerotic vascular disease risk markers and endothelial function in healthy postmenopausal women. Hum. Reprod. 21(10), 2715-2720 (2006).
    • (2006) Hum. Reprod. , vol.21 , Issue.10 , pp. 2715-2720
    • Ho, J.Y.1    Chen, M.J.2    Sheu, W.H.3
  • 66
    • 33749070883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different effects of oral conjugated estrogen and transdermal estradiol on arterial stiffness and vascular inflammatory markers in postmenopausal women
    • Sumino H, Ichikawa S, Kasama S et al. Different effects of oral conjugated estrogen and transdermal estradiol on arterial stiffness and vascular inflammatory markers in postmenopausal women. Atherosclerosis 189(2), 436-442 (2006).
    • (2006) Atherosclerosis , vol.189 , Issue.2 , pp. 436-442
    • Sumino, H.1    Ichikawa, S.2    Kasama, S.3
  • 67
    • 77956537351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Australia's Health Series no. 12. Cat. no. AUS 122. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Canberra, Australia (2010)
    • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Australia's Health 2010. Australia's Health Series no. 12. Cat. no. AUS 122. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Canberra, Australia (2010).
    • Australia's Health 2010
  • 68
    • 79955032409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in menopausal hormone therapy use of US office-based physicians 2000-2009
    • Tsai SA, Stefanick ML, Stafford RS. Trends in menopausal hormone therapy use of US office-based physicians, 2000-2009. Menopause 18(4), 385-392 (2011).
    • (2011) Menopause , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 385-392
    • Tsai, S.A.1    Stefanick, M.L.2    Stafford, R.S.3
  • 69
    • 84877846704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO. Cardiovascular diseases. Facts Sheet Edition N 137 Accessed 14 December 2012
    • WHO. Cardiovascular diseases. Facts Sheet Edition N 137 (2012). www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs317/en/index.html (Accessed 14 December 2012
    • (2012)
  • 70
    • 84877866923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone therapy has many favorable effects in newly menopausal women: Initial findings of the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS)
    • Accessed 4 April 2013
    • Hormone therapy has many favorable effects in newly menopausal women: initial findings of the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS). News press release (2012). www.keepstudy.org/news/pr-100312-a.cfm (Accessed 4 April 2013
    • (2012) News Press Release


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.