A cross-sectional and 10-year prospective study of postmenopausal estrogen therapy and blood pressure, renal function, and albuminuria: The Rancho Bernardo Study

Menopause

Volumn 18, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 629-637

  Fung, Maple M ^a,b   Poddar, Sameer ^b   Bettencourt, Ricki ^c   Jassal, Simerjot Kaur ^a,b   Barrett Connor, Elizabeth ^c  

^a VA SAN DIEGO HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Albuminuria; Chronic kidney disease; Hypertension; Postmenopausal estrogen therapy

Indexed keywords

(1 BUTYLAMINO 3 METHYLBUTYL)(1 PYRROLIDINYL) KETONE; ALBUMIN; CREATININE; ESTROGEN;

ADULT; AGED; ALBUMINURIA; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; BODY MASS; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CREATININE BLOOD LEVEL; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; ESTROGEN THERAPY; FEMALE; GLOMERULUS FILTRATION RATE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; KIDNEY FUNCTION; POSTMENOPAUSE; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE;

AGED; ALBUMINURIA; BLOOD PRESSURE; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY; ESTROGENS; FEMALE; GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE; HUMANS; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE; MIDDLE AGED; POSTMENOPAUSE; PROGESTINS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; URINARY TRACT; WOMEN'S HEALTH; WOMEN'S HEALTH SERVICES;

EID: 79958819189     PISSN: 10723714     EISSN: 15300374     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e3181fca9c4     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Forman JP, Fisher ND, Schopick EL, Curhan GC. Higher levels of albuminuria within the normal range predict incident hypertension. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008;19:1983-1988.
2. Hoy W, McDonald SP. Albuminuria: marker or target in indigenous populations. Kidney Int Suppl 2004:S25-S31.
3. Bigazzi R, Bianchi S, Baldari D, Campese VM. Microalbuminuria predicts cardiovascular events and renal insufficiency in patients with essential hypertension. J Hypertens 1998;16:1325-1333. (Pubitemid 28408416)
4. Kaplan NM. Microalbuminuria: a risk factor for vascular and renal complications of hypertension. Am J Med 1992;92:8S-12S.
5. Sarnak MJ, Levey AS, Schoolwerth AC, et al. Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease: a statement from the American Heart Association Councils on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical Cardiology, and Epidemiology and Prevention. Circulation 2003;108:2154-2169. (Pubitemid 37337595)
6. Foster MC, Hwang SJ, Larson MG, et al. Cross-classification of micro-albuminuria and reduced glomerular filtration rate: associations between cardiovascular disease risk factors and clinical outcomes. Arch Intern Med 2007;167:1386-1392. (Pubitemid 47052437)
7. Barrett-Connor E. Clinical review 162: cardiovascular endocrinology 3: an epidemiologist looks at hormones and heart disease in women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;88:4031-4042. (Pubitemid 37153695)
8. Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, et al. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002;288:321-333. (Pubitemid 34761611)
9. Anderson GL, Limacher M, Assaf AR, et al. Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004;291:1701-1712. (Pubitemid 38489892)
10. Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, et al. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in post-menopausal women. Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group. JAMA 1998;280:605-613. (Pubitemid 28502636)
11. Hersh AL, Stefanick ML, Stafford RS. National use of postmenopausal hormone therapy: annual trends and response to recent evidence. JAMA 2004;291:47-53. (Pubitemid 38040534)
12. Mueck AO, Seeger H. Effect of hormone therapy on BP in normo-tensive and hypertensive postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2004;49: 189-203. (Pubitemid 39370786)
13. Chasan-Taber L, Willett WC, Manson JE, et al. Prospective study of oral contraceptives and hypertension among women in the United States. Circulation 1996;94:483-489. (Pubitemid 26266136)
14. Jespersen CM, Arnung K, Hagen C, et al. Effects of natural oestrogen therapy on blood pressure and renin-angiotensin system in normotensive and hypertensive menopausal women. J Hypertens 1983;1:361-364. (Pubitemid 14163560)
15. Hassager C, Christiansen C. Blood pressure during oestrogen/progestogen substitution therapy in healthy post-menopausal women. Maturitas 1988; 9:315-323
16. Effects of estrogen or estrogen/progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. The Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Trial. The Writing Group for the PEPI Trial. JAMA 1995;273:199-208.
17. Szekacs B, Vajo Z, Varbiro S, et al. Postmenopausal hormone replacement improves proteinuria and impaired creatinine clearance in type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. BJOG 2000;107:1017-1021. (Pubitemid 30495459)
18. Monster TB, Janssen WM, de Jong PE, de Jong-van den Berg LT. Oral contraceptive use and hormone replacement therapy are associated with microalbuminuria. Arch Intern Med 2001;161:2000-2005.
19. Ahmed SB, Culleton BF, Tonelli M, et al. Oral estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women is associated with loss of kidney function. Kidney Int 2008;74:370-376. (Pubitemid 352001252)
20. Remuzzi G. Abnormal protein traffic through the glomerular barrier induces proximal tubular cell dysfunction and causes renal injury. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 1995;4:339-342.
21. Schopick EL, Fisher ND, Lin J, Forman JP, Curhan GC. Post-menopausal hormone use and albuminuria. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009;24:3739-3744.
22. Agarwal M, Selvan V, Freedman BI, Liu Y, Wagenknecht LE. The relationship between albuminuria and hormone therapy in postmenopausal women. Am J Kidney Dis 2005;45:1019-1025. (Pubitemid 40806514)
23. Machado RB, Careta MF, Balducci GP, Araujo TS, Bernardes CR. Effects of estrogen therapy on microalbuminuria in healthy post-menopausal women. Gynecol Endocrinol 2008;24:681-685.
24. Fenkci S, Fenkci V, Yilmazer M, Serteser M, Koken T. Effects of short-term transdermal hormone replacement therapy on glycaemic control, lipid metabolism, C-reactive protein and proteinuria in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes or hypertension. Hum Reprod 2003;18:866-870. (Pubitemid 36426973)
25. Manning PJ, Sutherland WH, Allum AR, de Jong SA, Jones SD. HRT does not improve urinary albumin excretion in postmenopausal diabetic women. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2003;60:33-39. (Pubitemid 36299251)
26. Criqui MH, Barrett-Connor E, Austin M. Differences between respondents and non-respondents in a population-based cardiovascular disease study. Am J Epidemiol 1978;108:367-372. (Pubitemid 9154513)
27. Barrett-Connor E. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in an adult community as determined by history or fasting hyperglycemia. Am J Epidemiol 1980;111:705-712. (Pubitemid 10018989)
28. Rose GA. The diagnosis of ischaemic heart pain and intermittent clau-dication in field surveys. Bull World Health Organ 1962;27:645-658.
29. The hypertension detection and follow-up program: Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group. Prev Med 1976;5: 207-215.
30. Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, Greene T, Rogers N, Roth D. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum cre-atinine: a new prediction equation. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. Ann Intern Med 1999;130:461-470. (Pubitemid 29135798)
31. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972;18:499-502.
32. Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 1997;20:1183-1197.
33. K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Am J Kidney Dis 2002;39:S1-S266.
34. Warram JH, Gearin G, Laffel L, Krolewski AS. Effect of duration of type I diabetes on the prevalence of stages of diabetic nephropathy defined by urinary albumin/creatinine ratio. J Am Soc Nephrol 1996;7:930-937. (Pubitemid 27465988)
35. Verbeke G, Molenberghs G. Linear Mixed Models for Longitudinal Data. New York, NY: Springer, 2000.
36. Daniels MJ, Zhao YD. Modelling the random effects covariance matrix in longitudinal data. Stat Med 2003;22:1631-1647. (Pubitemid 36575605)
37. Sanada M, Higashi Y, Nakagawa K, et al. Oral estrogen replacement therapy increases forearm reactive hyperemia accompanied by increases in serum levels of nitric oxide in postmenopausal women. Gynecol Endo-crinol 2001;15:150-157. (Pubitemid 32423256)
38. Darkow DJ, Lu L, White RE. Estrogen relaxation of coronary artery smooth muscle is mediated by nitric oxide and cGMP. Am J Physiol 1997;272:H2765-H2773.
39. John S, Schmieder RE. Impaired endothelial function in arterial hypertension and hypercholesterolemia: potential mechanisms and differences. J Hypertens 2000;18:363-374. (Pubitemid 30209715)
40. Ganz P. Vasomotor and vascular effects of hormone replacement therapy. Am J Cardiol 2002;90:11F-16F. (Pubitemid 34775146)
41. Xing D, Nozell S, Chen YF, Hage F, Oparil S. Estrogen and mechanisms of vascular protection. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2009;29:289-295.
42. Antus B, Hamar P, Kokeny G, et al. Estradiol is nephroprotective in the rat remnant kidney. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003;18:54-61. (Pubitemid 36104478)
43. Wassertheil-Smoller S, Hendrix SL, Limacher M, et al. Effect of estrogen plus progestin on stroke in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative: a randomized trial. JAMA 2003;289:2673-2684. (Pubitemid 37430138)
44. Vongpatanasin W, Tuncel M, Mansour Y, Arbique D, Victor RG. Trans-dermal estrogen replacement therapy decreases sympathetic activity in postmenopausal women. Circulation 2001;103:2903-2908. (Pubitemid 32578126)
45. Kornhauser C, Malacara JM, Garay ME, Perez-Luque EL. The effect of hormone replacement therapy on blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors in menopausal women with moderate hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 1997;11:405-411. (Pubitemid 27389169)
46. Wren BG, Routledge DA. Blood pressure changes: oestrogens in climacteric women. Med J Aust 1981;2:528-531. (Pubitemid 12139311)
47. Smulyan H, Safar ME. The diastolic blood pressure in systolic hypertension. Ann Intern Med 2000;132:233-237. (Pubitemid 30064924)
48. Perkovic V, Verdon C, Ninomiya T, et al. The relationship between proteinuria and coronary risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med 2008;5:e207.
49. Tsioufis C, Dimitriadis K, Antoniadis D, Stefanadis C, Kallikazaros I. Inter-relationships of microalbuminuria with the other surrogates of the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in hypertensive subjects. Am J Hypertens 2004;17:470-476. (Pubitemid 38529972)
50. Jassal SK, Kritz-Silverstein D, Barrett-Connor E. A prospective study of albuminuria and cognitive function in older adults: the Rancho Bernardo Study. Am J Epidemiol 2010;171:277-286.
51. Barrett-Connor E. Postmenopausal estrogen and prevention bias. Ann Intern Med 1991;115:455-456.
52. Rule AD, Larson TS, Bergstralh EJ, Slezak JM, Jacobsen SJ, Cosio FG. Using serum creatinine to estimate glomerular filtration rate: accuracy in good health and in chronic kidney disease. Ann Intern Med 2004;141: 929-937.