A hydrothermal anvil made of graphene nanobubbles on diamond

Nature Communications

Volumn 4, Issue , 2013, Pages

  Xuan Lim, Candy Haley Yi ^a,b   Sorkin, Anastassia ^a   Bao, Qiaoliang ^a   Li, Ang ^c   Zhang, Kai ^a   Nesladek, Milos ^d   Loh, Kian Ping ^a  

^a National University of Singapore   (Singapore)

^b NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE   (Singapore)

^c Bruker Singapore Pte Ltd   (Singapore)

^d HASSELT UNIVERSITY   (Belgium)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIAMOND; GRAPHENE; GRAPHENE NANOBUBBLE; NANOBUBBLE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; WATER;

ALKENE; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; DIAMOND; HIGH PRESSURE; HYDROGEN; HYDROTHERMAL ACTIVITY; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; RECONSTRUCTION; RIGIDITY; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE EFFECT;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DENSITY; HEATING; HIGH TEMPERATURE; HYBRID; HYDROGEN BOND; NANOENCAPSULATION; RIGIDITY; SPECTROSCOPY; STRENGTH;

EID: 84875887194     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20411723     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2579     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Bao, W. et al. Controlled ripple texturing of suspended graphene and ultrathin graphite membranes. Nat. Nanotechnol. 4, 562-566 (2009).
2. Bolotin, K. I., Sikes, K. J., Hone, J., Stormer, H. L. & Kim, P. Temperaturedependent transport in suspended graphene. Phy. Rev. Lett. 101, 096802 (2008).
3. Meyer, J. C. et al. The structure of suspended graphene sheets. Nature 446, 60-63 (2007). (Pubitemid 46348040)
4. Berger, C. et al. Electronic confinement and coherence in patterned epitaxial graphene. Science 312, 1191-1196 (2006). (Pubitemid 43801140)
5. Xue, J. et al. Scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy of ultra-flat graphene on hexagonal boron nitride. Nat. Mater. 10, 282-285 (2011).
6. Dean, C. R. et al. Boron nitride substrates for high-quality graphene electronics. Nat. Nanotechnol. 5, 722-726 (2010).
7. Pan, W. et al. Biaxial compressive strain engineering in graphene/boron nitride heterostructures. Sci. Rep. 2, 893 (2012).
8. Marchini, S., Gunther, S. & Wintterlin, J. Scanning tunneling microscopy of graphene on Ru(0001). Phy. Rev.B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 76, 075429 (2007).
9. Vazquez De Parga, A. L. et al. Periodically rippled graphene: growth and spatially resolved electronic structure. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 056807 (2008).
10. Lu, J., Neto, A. H. C. & Loh, K. P. Transforming moire blisters into geometric graphene nano-bubbles. Nat. Commun. 3, 823 (2012).
11. Stolyarova, E. et al. Observation of graphene bubbles and effective mass transport under graphene films. Nano Lett. 9, 332-337 (2009).
12. Zabel, J. et al. Raman spectroscopy of graphene and bilayer under biaxial strain: bubbles and balloons. Nano Lett. 12, 617-621 (2012).
13. Bundy, F. P. Direct conversion of graphite to diamond in static pressure apparatus. Science 137, 1057-1058 (1962).
14. Irifune, T., Kurio, A., Sakamoto, S., Inoue, T. & Sumiya, H. Materials: ultrahard polycrystalline diamond from graphite. Nature 421, 599-600 (2003). (Pubitemid 36227660)
15. Khaliullin, R. Z., Eshet, H., Kuhne, T. D., Behler, J. & Parrinello, M. Nucleation mechanism for the direct graphite-to-diamond phase transition. Nat. Mater. 10, 693-697 (2011).
16. Ohfuji, H. & Kuroki, K. Origin of unique microstructures in nanopolycrystalline diamond synthesized by direct conversion of graphite at static high pressure. J. Miner. Petrol. Sci. 104, 307-312 (2009).
17. Ferrari, A. C. & Robertson, J. Resonant raman spectroscopy of disordered, amorphous, and diamondlike carbon. Phys.Rev. B:Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 64, 75414 (2001).
18. Ni, Z. H. et al. Tunable stress and controlled thickness modification in graphene by annealing. ACS Nano 2, 1033-1039 (2008).
19. Bissett, M. A., Izumida, W., Saito, R. & Ago, H. Effect of domain boundaries on the Raman spectra of mechanically strained graphene. ACS Nano 6, 10229-10238 (2012).
20. Mohiuddin, T. M. G. et al. Uniaxial strain in graphene by Raman spectroscopy: G peak splitting, Gruneisen parameters, and sample orientation. Phy. Rev.B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 79, 205433 (2009).
21. Ferrari, A. C. & Robertson, J. Origin of the 1150 cm-1 raman mode in nanocrystalline diamond. Phys.Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 63, 1214051 (2001).
22. Lim, C. X., Hoh, H. Y., Ang, P. K. & Loh, K. P. Direct voltammetric detection of DNA and pH sensing on epitaxial graphene: an insight into the role of oxygenated defects. Anal. Chem. 82, 7387-7393 (2010).
23. Yuan, Q. et al. Upright standing graphene formation on substrates. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133, 16072-16079 (2011).
24. Bunch, J. S. et al. Impermeable atomic membranes from graphene sheets. Nano Lett. 8, 2458-2462 (2008).
25. Yuk, J. M. et al. High-resolution EM of colloidal nanocrystal growth using graphene liquid cells. Science 335, 61-64 (2012).
26. Leenaerts, O., Partoens, B. & Peeters, F. M. Graphene: A perfect nanoballoon. Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 193107 (2008).
27. Lasagabaster, A., Abad, M. J., Barral, L. & Ares, A. FTIR study on the nature of water sorbed in polypropylene (PP)/ethylene alcohol vinyl (EVOH) films. Eur. Polym. J. 42, 3121-3132 (2006). (Pubitemid 44572278)
28. Loparo, J. J., Roberts, S. T. & Tokmakoff, A. Multidimensional infrared spectroscopy of water. II. Hydrogen bond switching dynamics. J. Chem. Phys. 125, 194522 (2006).
29. Charles, S. J. et al. Characterization of nitrogen doped chemical vapor deposited single crystal diamond before and after high pressure, high temperature annealing. Phys. Status Solidi A 201, 2473-2485 (2004).
30. Jin, Y. & Ikawa, S. I. Near-infrared spectroscopic study of water at high temperatures and pressures. J. Chem. Phys. 119, 12432-12438 (2003).
31. Tassaing, T., Garrain, P. A.,Bgu, D. & Baraille, I. On the cluster composition of supercritical water combining molecular modeling and vibrational spectroscopic data. J. Chem. Phys. 133, 034103 (2010).
32. Marcus, Y. Supercritical water: Relationships of certain measured properties to the extent of hydrogen bonding obtained from a semi-empirical model. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2, 1465-1472 (2000).
33. Yoshii, N., Miura, S. & Okazaki, S. A molecular dynamics study of dielectric constant of water from ambient to sub-and supercritical conditions using a fluctuating-charge potential model. Chem. Phys. Lett. 345, 195-200 (2001). (Pubitemid 33628440)
34. Xu, K., Cao, P. & Heath, J. R. Graphene visualizes the first water adlayers on mica at ambient conditions. Science 329, 1188-1191 (2010).
35. Webley, P. A. & Tester, J. W. Fundamental kinetics of methane oxidation in supercritical water. Energy Fuels 5, 411-419 (1991).
36. Koenig, S. P., Boddeti, N. G., Dunn, M. L. & Bunch, J. S. Ultrastrong adhesion of graphene membranes. Nat. Nanotechnol. 6, 543-546 (2011).
37. Yamaoka, S., Kanda, H. & Setaka, N. Etching of diamond octahedrons at high temperatures and pressure with controlled oxygen partial pressure. J. Mater. Sci. 15, 332-336 (1980).
38. Kanda, H., Yamaoka, S., Setaka, N. & Komatsu, H. Etching of diamond octahedrons by high pressure water. J. Cryst. Growth 38, 1-7 (1977).
39. Cortijo, A. & Vozmediano, M. A. H. Electronic properties of curved graphene sheets. Europhys. Lett. 77, 47002 (2007).
40. Brenner, D. W. Empirical potential for hydrocarbons for use in simulating the chemical vapor deposition of diamond films. Phys. Rev.B 42, 9458-9471 (1990).
41. Brenner, D. W. Erratum: empirical potential for hydrocarbons for use in simulating the chemical vapor deposition of diamond films. Phy. Rev. B 46, 1948-1948 (1992).
42. Van Duin, A. C. T., Dasgupta, S., Lorant, F. & Goddard III, W. A. ReaxFF: a reactive force field for hydrocarbons. J. Phys. Chem. A 105, 9396-9409 (2001).
43. Li, X. et al. Large-area synthesis of high-quality and uniform graphene films on copper foils. Science 324, 1312-1314 (2009).
44. Plimpton, S. Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics. J. Comput. Phys. 117, 1-19 (1995).
45. Humphrey, W., Dalke, A. & Schulten, K. VMD: visual molecular dynamics. J. Mol. Graphics 14, 33-38 (1996). (Pubitemid 26152973)