메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue 5, 2013, Pages

Antibodies in epilepsy

Author keywords

AMPA; ANNA 1; Antibodies; Autoimmune; Epilepsy; GABA B; GAD; Limbic encephalitis; Ma; NMDA; Voltage gated potassium channel

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID B RECEPTOR ANTIBODY; ALPHA AMINO 3 HYDROXY 5 METHYL 4 ISOXAZOLEPROPIONIC ACID ANTIBODY; ANTIBODY; AUTOANTIBODY; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE 65 ANTIBODY; HU ANTIBODY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; MA1 ANTIBODY; MA2 ANTIBODY; METABOTROPIC RECEPTOR 5 ANTIBODY; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR ANTIBODY; STEROID; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VOLTAGE GATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL; GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE; GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE 2; GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR; MEMBRANE ANTIGEN; NERVE PROTEIN;

EID: 84875148230     PISSN: 15284042     EISSN: 15346293     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11910-013-0348-1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 0034598762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early identification of refractory epilepsy
    • DOI 10.1056/NEJM200002033420503
    • Kwan P, Brodie MJ. Early identification of refractory epilep (Pubitemid 30075244)
    • (2000) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.342 , Issue.5 , pp. 314-319
    • Kwan, P.1    Brodie, M.J.2
  • 2
    • 84862740239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural antigen-specific autoimmune disorders
    • Iorio R, Lennon V. Neural antigen-specific autoimmune disorders. Immunol Rev. 2012; 248: 104-21.
    • (2012) Immunol Rev , vol.248 , pp. 104-121
    • Iorio, R.1    Lennon, V.2
  • 4
    • 0033948619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis: Neurological symptoms, immunological findings and tumour association in 50 patients
    • Gultekin SH, Rosenfeld MR, Voltz R, et al. Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis: neurological symptoms, immunological findings, and tumor association in 50 patients. Brain. 2000; 123: 1481-94. (Pubitemid 30420947)
    • (2000) Brain , vol.123 , Issue.7 , pp. 1481-1494
    • Gultekin, S.H.1    Rosenfeld, M.R.2    Voltz, R.3    Eichen, J.4    Posner, J.B.5    Dalmau, J.6
  • 5
    • 77949347358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The growing recognition of immunotherapy-responsive seizure disorders with autoantibodies to specific neuronal proteins
    • Vincent A, Irani SR, Lang B. The growing recognition of immunotherapy-responsive seizure disorders with autoantibodies to specific neuronal proteins. Curr Opin Neurol. 2010; 23: 144-50.
    • (2010) Curr Opin Neurol , vol.23 , pp. 144-150
    • Vincent, A.1    Irani, S.R.2    Lang, B.3
  • 6
    • 79955691136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoantibodies and epilepsy
    • Bien CG, Scheffer IE. Autoantibodies and epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2011; 52(3): 18-22.
    • (2011) Epilepsia , vol.52 , Issue.3 , pp. 18-22
    • Bien, C.G.1    Scheffer, I.E.2
  • 7
    • 84860918793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central nervous system neuronal surface antibody associated syndromes: Review and guidelines for recognition
    • Zuliani L, Graus F, Giometto B., et al. Central nervous system neuronal surface antibody associated syndromes: review and guidelines for recognition. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012; 83: 638-45.
    • (2012) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.83 , pp. 638-645
    • Zuliani, L.1    Graus, F.2    Giometto, B.3
  • 9
    • 54049128968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal surface antigen antibodies in limbic encephalitis: Clinical-immunologic associations
    • Graus F, Saiz A, Lai M., et al. Neuronal surface antigen antibodies in limbic encephalitis: clinical-immunologic associations. Neurology. 2008; 71: 930-6.
    • (2008) Neurology , vol.71 , pp. 930-936
    • Graus, F.1    Saiz, A.2    Lai, M.3
  • 10
    • 0030924896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limbic encephalitis and small cell lung cancer. Clinical and immunological features
    • DOI 10.1093/brain/120.6.923
    • Alamowitch S, Graus F, Uchuya M., et al. Limbic encephalitis and small cell lung cancer: clinical and immunological features. Brain. 1997; 120: 923-8. (Pubitemid 27259543)
    • (1997) Brain , vol.120 , Issue.6 , pp. 923-928
    • Alamowitch, S.1    Graus, F.2    Uchuya, M.3    Rene, R.4    Bescansa, E.5    Delattre, J.Y.6
  • 12
    • 0031897529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paraneoplastic and oncologic profiles of patients seropositive for type 1 antineuronal nuclear autoantibodies
    • Lucchinetti CF, Kimmel DW, Lennon VA. Paraneoplastic and oncologic profiles of patients seropositive for type 1 antineuronal nuclear autoantibodies. Neurology. 1998; 50: 652-7.
    • (1998) Neurology , vol.50 , pp. 652-657
    • Lucchinetti, C.F.1    Kimmel, D.W.2    Lennon, V.A.3
  • 13
    • 0026547716 scopus 로고
    • Anti-hu-associated paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis/sensory neuronopathy a clinical study of 71 patients
    • Dalmau J, Graus F, Rosenblum M.K., et al. Anti-Hu-associated paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis/sensory neuronopathy a clinical study of 71 patients. Medicine. 1992; 71: 59-72.
    • (1992) Medicine , vol.71 , pp. 59-72
    • Dalmau, J.1    Graus, F.2    Rosenblum, M.K.3
  • 14
    • 0034842123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and clinical diversity in paraneoplastic immunity to Ma proteins
    • DOI 10.1002/ana.1094
    • Rosenfeld MR, Eichen JG, Wade D.F., et al. Molecular and clinical diversity in paraneoplastic immunity to Ma proteins. Ann Neurol. 2001; 50: 339-48. (Pubitemid 32848736)
    • (2001) Annals of Neurology , vol.50 , Issue.3 , pp. 339-348
    • Rosenfeld, M.R.1    Eichen, J.G.2    Wade, D.F.3    Posner, J.B.4    Dalmau, J.5
  • 16
    • 47549084584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis associated with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies
    • Mata S, Muscas GC, Naldi I, et al. Non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis associated with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies. J Neuroimmunol. 2008; 199(1-2): 155-9.
    • (2008) J Neuroimmunol , vol.199 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 155-159
    • Mata, S.1    Muscas, G.C.2    Naldi, I.3
  • 17
    • 70449119953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute limbic encephalitis and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: A reality?
    • Blanc F, Ruppert E, Kleitz C., et al. Acute limbic encephalitis and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: A reality? J Neurol Sci. 2009; 287: 69-71.
    • (2009) J Neurol Sci , vol.287 , pp. 69-71
    • Blanc, F.1    Ruppert, E.2    Kleitz, C.3
  • 18
    • 77951740941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase define a form of limbic encephalitis
    • Malter MP, Helmstaedter C, Urbach H. Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase define a form of limbic encephalitis. Ann Neurol. 2010; 67: 470-8.
    • (2010) Ann Neurol , vol.67 , pp. 470-478
    • Malter, M.P.1    Helmstaedter, C.2    Urbach, H.3
  • 19
    • 33748865734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibodies to voltage-gated potassium and calcium channels in epilepsy
    • DOI 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2006.06.003, PII S0920121106002166
    • Majoie HJM, de Baets M, Renier W, et al. Antibodies to voltage-gated potassium and calcium channels in epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2006; 71: 135-41. (Pubitemid 44419592)
    • (2006) Epilepsy Research , vol.71 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 135-141
    • Majoie, H.J.M.1    De Baets, M.2    Renier, W.3    Lang, B.4    Vincent, A.5
  • 21
    • 77955338789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of LGI1 as the antigen in limbic encephalitis previously attributed to potassium channels: A case series
    • This study of 57patients with limbic encephalitis attributed to voltage-gated potassium channels demonstrated that the antibodies were actually binding to Lgi1 and CASPR2 antigens, proteins associated with the VGKC complex
    • Lai M, Huijbers MGM, Lancaster E, et al. Investigation of LGI1 as the antigen in limbic encephalitis previously attributed to potassium channels: A case series. Lancet Neurol. 2010; 9: 776-85. This study of 57patients with limbic encephalitis attributed to voltage-gated potassium channels demonstrated that the antibodies were actually binding to Lgi1 and CASPR2 antigens, proteins associated with the VGKC complex.
    • (2010) Lancet Neurol , vol.9 , pp. 776-785
    • Lai, M.1    Huijbers, M.G.M.2    Lancaster, E.3
  • 22
    • 77956378343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibodies to kv1 potassium channel-complex proteins leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1 protein and contactin-associated protein-2 in limbic encephalitis, morvan's syndrome and acquired neuromyotonia
    • Irani SR, Alexander S, Waters P., et al. Antibodies to Kv1 potassium channel-complex proteins leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1 protein and contactin-associated protein-2 in limbic encephalitis, Morvan's syndrome and acquired neuromyotonia. Brain. 2010; 133: 2734-48.
    • (2010) Brain , vol.133 , pp. 2734-2748
    • Irani, S.R.1    Alexander, S.2    Waters, P.3
  • 25
    • 55549135314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis: Case series and analysis of the effects of antibodies
    • Dalmau J, Gleichman AJ, Hughes E.G., et al. Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis: case series and analysis of the effects of antibodies. Lancet Neurol. 2008; 7: 1091-8.
    • (2008) Lancet Neurol , vol.7 , pp. 1091-1098
    • Dalmau, J.1    Gleichman, A.J.2    Hughes, E.G.3
  • 26
    • 77952988389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-methyl-D-aspartate antibody encephalitis: Temporal progression of clinical and paraclinical observations in a predominantly non-paraneoplastic disorder of both sexes
    • Irani SR, Bera K, Waters P., et al. N-methyl-D-aspartate antibody encephalitis: temporal progression of clinical and paraclinical observations in a predominantly non-paraneoplastic disorder of both sexes. Brain. 2010; 133: 1655-67.
    • (2010) Brain , vol.133 , pp. 1655-1667
    • Irani, S.R.1    Bera, K.2    Waters, P.3
  • 27
    • 78649995149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical experience and laboratory investigations in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis
    • Dalmau J, Lancaster E, Martinez-Hernandez E, et al. Clinical experience and laboratory investigations in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Lancet Neurol. 2011; 10: 63-74.
    • (2011) Lancet Neurol , vol.10 , pp. 63-74
    • Dalmau, J.1    Lancaster, E.2    Martinez-Hernandez, E.3
  • 28
    • 84872411868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment and prognostic factors for long-term outcomes in patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: An observation cohort study
    • This observation cohort study of immunotherapy outcomes on 501 patients with NMDAR encephalitis found that 81 % of patients had improvement with good outcome at 2 years. Predictors of good outcome included early initiation of treatment and initiation of second line therapy (rituximab and/or cyclophosphamide)
    • Titulaer MJ, McCracken L, Gabilondo I., et al. Treatment and prognostic factors for long-term outcomes in patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: an observation cohort study. Lancet Neurol. 2013; 12: 157-65. This observation cohort study of immunotherapy outcomes on 501 patients with NMDAR encephalitis found that 81 % of patients had improvement with good outcome at 2 years. Predictors of good outcome included early initiation of treatment and initiation of second line therapy (rituximab and/or cyclophosphamide).
    • (2013) Lancet Neurol , vol.12 , pp. 157-165
    • Titulaer, M.J.1    McCracken, L.2    Gabilondo, I.3
  • 29
    • 65649130790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMPA receptor antibodies in limbic encephalitis alter synaptic receptor location
    • Lai M, Hughes EG, Peng X, et al. AMPA receptor antibodies in limbic encephalitis alter synaptic receptor location. Ann Neurol. 2009; 65: 424-34.
    • (2009) Ann Neurol , vol.65 , pp. 424-434
    • Lai, M.1    Hughes, E.G.2    Peng, X.3
  • 30
    • 74949111473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversible paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis associated with antibodies to the AMPA receptor
    • Bataller L, Galiano R, Garcia-Escrig M, et al. Reversible paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis associated with antibodies to the AMPA receptor. Neurology. 2010; 74: 265-7.
    • (2010) Neurology , vol.74 , pp. 265-267
    • Bataller, L.1    Galiano, R.2    Garcia-Escrig, M.3
  • 31
    • 72049088768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibodies to the GABAB receptor in limbic encephalitis with seizures: Case series and characterization of the antigen
    • This study of 15 patients with limbic encephalitis was the first to identify GABA-B antibodies as a cause of this disorder. All 15 patients with GABA-B antibody encephalitis developed seizures with 13 of the patients noted to have seizures as their presenting symptom
    • Lancaster E, Lai M, Hughes E. Antibodies to the GABAB receptor in limbic encephalitis with seizures: case series and characterization of the antigen. Lancet Neurol. 2010; 9: 67-76. This study of 15 patients with limbic encephalitis was the first to identify GABA-B antibodies as a cause of this disorder. All 15 patients with GABA-B antibody encephalitis developed seizures with 13 of the patients noted to have seizures as their presenting symptom.
    • (2010) Lancet Neurol , vol.9 , pp. 67-76
    • Lancaster, E.1    Lai, M.2    Hughes, E.3
  • 32
    • 79952412166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABAB receptor antibodies in limbic encephalitis and anti-GAD-associated neurologic disorders
    • Boronat A, Sabater L, Saiz A., et al. GABAB receptor antibodies in limbic encephalitis and anti-GAD-associated neurologic disorders. Neurology. 2011; 76: 795-800.
    • (2011) Neurology , vol.76 , pp. 795-800
    • Boronat, A.1    Sabater, L.2    Saiz, A.3
  • 33
    • 82955210356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibodies to metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in the ophelia syndrome
    • Lancaster E, Martinez-Hernandez E, Titulaer M.J., et al. Antibodies to metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in the Ophelia syndrome. Neurology. 2011; 77: 1698-701.
    • (2011) Neurology , vol.77 , pp. 1698-1701
    • Lancaster, E.1    Martinez-Hernandez, E.2    Titulaer, M.J.3
  • 34
    • 79955422946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Faciobrachial dystonic seizures precede lgi1 antibody limbic encephalitis
    • This case series described 29 patients with faciobrachial dystonic seizures. Lgi1 antibodies were found in 89 % of the patients. This seizure type showed a much poorer response to antiepileptic medications compared with immunotherapy
    • Irani SR, Michell AW, Lang B, et al. Faciobrachial dystonic seizures precede Lgi1 antibody limbic encephalitis. Ann Neurol. 2011; 69: 892-900. This case series described 29 patients with faciobrachial dystonic seizures. Lgi1 antibodies were found in 89 % of the patients. This seizure type showed a much poorer response to antiepileptic medications compared with immunotherapy.
    • (2011) Ann Neurol , vol.69 , pp. 892-900
    • Irani, S.R.1    Michell, A.W.2    Lang, B.3
  • 36
    • 84867501084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extreme delta brush: A unique EEG pattern in adults with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
    • Schmitt SE, Pargeon K, Frechette E.S., et al. Extreme delta brush: A unique EEG pattern in adults with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Neurology. 2012; 79: 1094-100.
    • (2012) Neurology , vol.79 , pp. 1094-1100
    • Schmitt, S.E.1    Pargeon, K.2    Frechette, E.S.3
  • 37
    • 77955781603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status epilepticus due to paraneoplastic and nonparaneoplastic encephalitides
    • Dalmau J. Status epilepticus due to paraneoplastic and nonparaneoplastic encephalitides. Epilepsia. 2009; 50 Suppl. 12: 58-60.
    • (2009) Epilepsia , vol.50 , Issue.SUPPL. 12 , pp. 58-60
    • Dalmau, J.1
  • 38
    • 77949406639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The expanding clinical profile of anti-AMPA receptor encephalitis
    • Graus F, Boronat A, Xifro X., et al. The expanding clinical profile of anti-AMPA receptor encephalitis. Neurology. 2010; 74: 857-9.
    • (2010) Neurology , vol.74 , pp. 857-859
    • Graus, F.1    Boronat, A.2    Xifro, X.3
  • 39
    • 0036807537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies and neurological disorders
    • DOI 10.1007/s100720200055
    • Vianello M, Tavolato B, Giometto B. Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies and neurological disorders. Neurol Sci. 2002; 23: 145-51. (Pubitemid 35345488)
    • (2002) Neurological Sciences , vol.23 , Issue.4 , pp. 145-151
    • Vianello, M.1    Tavolato, B.2    Giometto, B.3
  • 40
    • 0032497147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal-lobe epilepsy associated with glutamic-acid-decarboxylase autoantibodies
    • Giometto B, Nicolao P, Macucci M., et al. Temporal-lobe epilepsy associated with glutamic-acid-decarboxylase autoantibodies. Lancet. 1998; 352: 457. (Pubitemid 28362802)
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , Issue.9126 , pp. 457
    • Giometto, B.1    Nicolao, P.2    Macucci, M.3    Tavolato, B.4    Foxon, R.5    Bottazzo, G.F.6
  • 42
    • 67349163256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in focal and generalized epilepsy: A study on 233 patients
    • Errichiello L, Perruolo G, Pascarella A., et al. Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in focal and generalized epilepsy: A study on 233 patients. J Neuroimmunol. 2009; 211(1-2): 120-3.
    • (2009) J Neuroimmunol , vol.211 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 120-123
    • Errichiello, L.1    Perruolo, G.2    Pascarella, A.3
  • 43
    • 80053943183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal lobe epilepsy and anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase autoimmunity
    • Errichiello L, Striano S, Zara F., et al. Temporal lobe epilepsy and anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase autoimmunity. Neurol Sci. 2011; 32: 547-50.
    • (2011) Neurol Sci , vol.32 , pp. 547-550
    • Errichiello, L.1    Striano, S.2    Zara, F.3
  • 44
    • 77951536231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical significance of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in patients with epilepsy
    • Liimatainen S, Peltola M, Sabater L., et al. Clinical significance of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2010; 51(5): 760-7.
    • (2010) Epilepsia , vol.51 , Issue.5 , pp. 760-767
    • Liimatainen, S.1    Peltola, M.2    Sabater, L.3
  • 45
    • 84860919278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and immunological spectrum of temporal lobe epilepsy with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies
    • This study examined the prevalence of GAD65 antibodies in 42 patients with adult onset temporal lobe epilepsy, 19 with known etiology and 23 with unknown etiology. GAD65 antibodies were present in 21 % of the patients (8.7 % high titers) with unknown etiology of their epilepsy
    • Falip M, Carreno M, Miro J., et al. Prevalence and immunological spectrum of temporal lobe epilepsy with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies. Eur J Neurol. 2012; 19: 827-33. This study examined the prevalence of GAD65 antibodies in 42 patients with adult onset temporal lobe epilepsy, 19 with known etiology and 23 with unknown etiology. GAD65 antibodies were present in 21 % of the patients (8.7 % high titers) with unknown etiology of their epilepsy.
    • (2012) Eur J Neurol , vol.19 , pp. 827-833
    • Falip, M.1    Carreno, M.2    Miro, J.3
  • 46
    • 0034962891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epilepsia partialis continua and frontal features as a debut of anti-Hu paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis with focal frontal encephalitis [1]
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1468-1331.2001.00213.x
    • Porta-Etessam J., Ruiz-Morales J, Millan J.M., et al. Epilepsia partialis continua and frontal features as a debut of anti-Hu paraneo-plastic encephalomyelitis with focal frontal encephalitis. Eur J Neurol. 2001; 8: 359-60. (Pubitemid 32612900)
    • (2001) European Journal of Neurology , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 359-360
    • Porta-Etessam, J.1    Ruiz-Morales, J.2    Millan, J.M.3    Ramos, A.4    Martinez-Salio, A.5    Berbel-Garcia, A.6
  • 47
    • 0032966523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epilepsia partialis continua: A new manifestation of anti-Hu-associated paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis
    • DOI 10.1002/1531-8249 199902 45:2<255::AID-ANA18>3.0.CO;2-N
    • Shavit YB, Graus F, Probst A., et al. Epilepsia partialis continua: A new manifestation of anti-Hu-associated paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis. Ann Neurol. 1999; 45: 255-8. (Pubitemid 29072374)
    • (1999) Annals of Neurology , vol.45 , Issue.2 , pp. 255-258
    • Shavit, Y.B.1    Graus, F.2    Probst, A.3    Rene, R.4    Steck, A.J.5
  • 48
    • 79960351143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extratemporal EEG and MRI findings in ANNA-1 (anti-hu) encephalitis
    • Rudzinskia LA, Pittockb SJ, McKeon A, et al. Extratemporal EEG and MRI findings in ANNA-1 (anti-Hu) encephalitis. Epilepsy Res. 2011; 95: 255-62.
    • (2011) Epilepsy Res , vol.95 , pp. 255-262
    • Rudzinskia, L.A.1    Pittockb, S.J.2    McKeon, A.3
  • 49
    • 33645053556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum antibodies in epilepsy and seizure-associated disorders
    • McKnight K, Jiang Y, Hart Y., Cavey A, Wroe S, Blank M., et al. Serum antibodies in epilepsy and seizure-associated disorders. Neurology. 2005; 65: 1730-6.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , pp. 1730-1736
    • McKnight, K.1    Jiang, Y.2    Hart, Y.3    Cavey, A.4    Wroe, S.5    Blank, M.6
  • 50
    • 65249132928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic value of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies in women with new-onset epilepsy
    • Niehusmann P, Dalmau J, Rudlowski C., et al. Diagnostic value of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies in women with new-onset epilepsy. Arch Neurol. 2009; 66(4): 458-64.
    • (2009) Arch Neurol , vol.66 , Issue.4 , pp. 458-464
    • Niehusmann, P.1    Dalmau, J.2    Rudlowski, C.3
  • 51
    • 34248683271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limbic encephalitis: A cause of temporal lobe epilepsy with onset in adult life
    • DOI 10.1016/j.yebeh.2007.03.011, PII S1525505007000947
    • Bien CG, Elger CE. Limbic encephalitis: A cause of temporal lobe epilepsy with onset in adult life. Epilepsy Behav. 2007; 10: 529-38. (Pubitemid 46768031)
    • (2007) Epilepsy and Behavior , vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp. 529-538
    • Bien, C.G.1    Elger, C.E.2
  • 52
    • 0034060095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes with antineuronal antibodies (Anti-Hu, Anti-Yo) with a combination of immunoglobulins, cyclophosphamide, and methylprednisolone
    • DOI 10.1136/jnnp.68.4.479
    • Keime-Guibert F., Graus F, Fleury A., et al. Treatment of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes with antineuronal antibodies (Anti-Hu, Anti-Yo) with a combination of immunoglobulins, cyclophosphamide, and methylprednisolone. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2000; 68(4): 479-82. (Pubitemid 30248748)
    • (2000) Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry , vol.68 , Issue.4 , pp. 479-482
    • Keime-Guibert, F.1    Graus, F.2    Fleury, A.3    Rene, R.4    Honnorat, J.5    Broet, P.6    Delattre, J.-Y.7
  • 54
    • 80055091667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of relapses in anti-NMDAR encephalitis
    • Gabilondo I, Saiz A, Galán L, et al. Analysis of relapses in anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Neurology. 2011; 77: 996-9.
    • (2011) Neurology , vol.77 , pp. 996-999
    • Gabilondo, I.1    Saiz, A.2    Galán, L.3
  • 55
    • 52149100494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunotherapy-responsive seizure-like episodes with potassium channel antibodies
    • Irani SR, Buckley C, Vincent A., et al. Immunotherapy-responsive seizure-like episodes with potassium channel antibodies. Neurology. 2008; 71: 1647-8.
    • (2008) Neurology , vol.71 , pp. 1647-1648
    • Irani, S.R.1    Buckley, C.2    Vincent, A.3
  • 56
    • 84857668220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LGI1 related limbic encephalitis and response to immunosuppressive therapy
    • Kaymakamzade B, Kansu T, Tan E., et al. LGI1 related limbic encephalitis and response to immunosuppressive therapy. J Neurol. 2011; 258: 2075-7.
    • (2011) J Neurol , vol.258 , pp. 2075-2077
    • Kaymakamzade, B.1    Kansu, T.2    Tan, E.3
  • 57
    • 84860910567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune epilepsy: Clinical characteristics and response to immunotherapy
    • This case series of 32patients with autoimmune antibody-mediated epilepsy treated with immunotherapy reported an improvement rate of 81 %, with 18 patients becoming seizure free. Patients who showed improvement had a significantly shorter time to therapy initiation than patients who did not respond to therapy, at 4 months and 22 months respectively
    • Quek AM, Britton JW, McKeon A, et al. Autoimmune epilepsy: clinical characteristics and response to immunotherapy. Arch Neurol. 2012; 69(5): 582-93. This case series of 32patients with autoimmune antibody-mediated epilepsy treated with immunotherapy reported an improvement rate of 81 %, with 18 patients becoming seizure free. Patients who showed improvement had a significantly shorter time to therapy initiation than patients who did not respond to therapy, at 4 months and 22 months respectively.
    • (2012) Arch Neurol , vol.69 , Issue.5 , pp. 582-593
    • Quek, A.M.1    Britton, J.W.2    McKeon, A.3
  • 58
    • 7744223746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis
    • DOI 10.1001/archneur.61.11.1785
    • Scheid R, Lincke T, Voltz R., et al. Serial 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis. Arch Neurol. 2004; 61: 1785-9. (Pubitemid 39463437)
    • (2004) Archives of Neurology , vol.61 , Issue.11 , pp. 1785-1789
    • Scheid, R.1    Lincke, T.2    Voltz, R.3    Von Cramon, D.Y.4    Sabri, O.5
  • 60
    • 17644402471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FDG-PET and MRI in potassium channel antibody-associated non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis: Correlation with clinical course and neuropsychology
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2005.00406.x
    • Fauser S, Talazko J, Wagner K., et al. FDG-PET and MRI in potassium channel antibody-associated non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis: correlation with clinical course and neuropsychology. Acta Neurol Scand. 2005; 111: 338-43. (Pubitemid 40559411)
    • (2005) Acta Neurologica Scandinavica , vol.111 , Issue.5 , pp. 338-343
    • Fauser, S.1    Talazko, J.2    Wagner, K.3    Ziyeh, S.4    Jarius, S.5    Vincent, A.6    Schulze-Bonhage, A.7
  • 62
    • 34548725094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limbic encephalitis as a precipitating event in adult-onset temporal lobe epilepsy
    • DOI 10.1212/01.wnl.0000276946.08412.ef, PII 0000611420070918000009
    • Bien CG, Urbach H, Schramm J., et al. Limbic encephalitis as a precipitating event in adult-onset temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology. 2007; 69: 1236-44. (Pubitemid 47429024)
    • (2007) Neurology , vol.69 , Issue.12 , pp. 1236-1244
    • Bien, C.G.1    Urbach, H.2    Schramm, J.3    Soeder, B.M.4    Becker, A.J.5    Voltz, R.6    Vincent, A.7    Elger, C.E.8
  • 63
    • 78650145089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening for tumors in paraneoplastic syndromes: Report of an EFNS task force
    • Titulaer MJ, Soffietti R, Dalmau J., et al. Screening for tumors in paraneoplastic syndromes: report of an EFNS task force. Eur J Neurol. 2011; 18: 19-27.
    • (2011) Eur J Neurol , vol.18 , pp. 19-27
    • Titulaer, M.J.1    Soffietti, R.2    Dalmau, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.