메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 30, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 191-210

Dynamic motor compensations with permanent, focal loss of forelimb force after cervical spinal cord injury

Author keywords

atrophy; immobilization; magnetic resonance imaging; SCI; skeletal muscle

Indexed keywords

SYNAPTOPHYSIN;

EID: 84873371928     PISSN: 08977151     EISSN: 15579042     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/neu.2012.2530     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (81)
  • 1
    • 84873375868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal Cord Injury Facts and Figures at a Glance
    • NSCISC (2011). Spinal Cord Injury Facts and Figures at a Glance. Available at www.nscisc.uab.edu.
    • (2011) NSCISC
  • 2
    • 0029984748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurographic assessment of intramedullary motoneurone lesions in cervical spinal cord injury: Consequences for hand function
    • Curt, A., and Dietz, V. (1996). Neurographic assessment of intramedullary motoneuron lesions in cervical spinal cord injury: consequences for hand function. Spinal Cord 34, 326-332. (Pubitemid 26202803)
    • (1996) Spinal Cord , vol.34 , Issue.6 , pp. 326-332
    • Curt, A.1    Dietz, V.2
  • 3
    • 0031408445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle weakness, paralysis, and atrophy after human cervical spinal cord injury
    • DOI 10.1006/exnr.1997.6690
    • Thomas, C.K., Zaidner, E.Y., Calancie, B., Broton, J.G., and Bigland-Ritchie, B.R. (1997). Muscle weakness, paralysis, and atrophy after human cervical spinal cord injury. Exp. Neurol. 148, 414-423. (Pubitemid 28068837)
    • (1997) Experimental Neurology , vol.148 , Issue.2 , pp. 414-423
    • Thomas, C.K.1    Zaidner, E.Y.2    Calancie, B.3    Broton, J.G.4    Bigland-Ritchie, B.R.5
  • 4
    • 19444365374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motoneuron loss associated with chronic locomotion impairments after spinal cord contusion in the rat
    • DOI 10.1089/neu.2005.22.544
    • Collazos-Castro, J.E., Soto, V.M., Gutierrez-Davila, M., and Nieto-Sampedro, M. (2005). Motoneuron loss associated with chronic locomotion impairments after spinal cord contusion in the rat. J. Neurotrauma 22, 544-558. (Pubitemid 40726982)
    • (2005) Journal of Neurotrauma , vol.22 , Issue.5 , pp. 544-558
    • Collazos-Castro, J.E.1    Soto, V.M.2    Gutierrez-Davila, M.3    Nieto-Sampedro, M.4
  • 5
    • 0031759023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovery of locomotion after ventral and ventrolateral spinal lesions in the cat. I. Deficits and adaptive mechanisms
    • Brustein, E., and Rossignol, S. (1998). Recovery of locomotion after ventral and ventrolateral spinal lesions in the cat. Deficits and adaptive mechanisms. J. Neurophysiol. 80, 1245-1267. (Pubitemid 28495724)
    • (1998) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.80 , Issue.3 , pp. 1245-1267
    • Brustein, E.1    Rossignol, S.2
  • 6
    • 0033061941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing deficits following excitotoxic and contusion injuries in the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord of the adult rat
    • DOI 10.1006/exnr.1999.7016
    • Magnuson, D.S., Trinder, T.C., Zhang, Y.P., Burke, D., Morassutti, D.J., and Shields, C.B. (1999). Comparing deficits following excitotoxic and contusion injuries in the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord of the adult rat. Exp. Neurol. 156, 191-204. (Pubitemid 29152996)
    • (1999) Experimental Neurology , vol.156 , Issue.1 , pp. 191-204
    • Magnuson, D.S.K.1    Trinder, T.C.2    Zhang, Y.P.3    Burke, D.4    Morassutti, D.J.5    Shields, C.B.6
  • 7
    • 0033968852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the weight-drop contusion model in rats: A comparative study of human spinal cord injury
    • Metz, G.A., Curt, A., Van de Meent, H., Klusman, I., Schwab, M.E., and Dietz, V. (2000). Validation of the weight-drop contusion model in rats: a comparative study of human spinal cord injury. J. Neurotrauma 17, 1-17. (Pubitemid 30075612)
    • (2000) Journal of Neurotrauma , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-17
    • Metz, G.A.S.1    Curt, A.2    Van De Meent, H.3    Klusman, I.4    Schwab, M.E.5    Dietz, V.6
  • 8
    • 31944431787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locomotor deficits and adaptive mechanisms after thoracic spinal cord contusion in the adult rat
    • DOI 10.1089/neu.2006.23.1
    • Collazos-Castro, J.E., Lo'pez-Dolado, E., and Nieto-Sampedro, M. (2006). Locomotor deficits and adaptive mechanisms after thoracic spinal cord contusion in the adult rat. J. Neurotrauma 23, 1-17. (Pubitemid 43191083)
    • (2006) Journal of Neurotrauma , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-17
    • Collazos-Castro, J.E.1    Lopez-Dolado, E.2    Nieto-Sampedro, M.3
  • 9
    • 0032820245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Level of spinal cord lesion determines locomotor activity in spinal man
    • DOI 10.1007/s002210050861
    • Dietz, V., Nakazawa, K., Wirz, M., and Erni, T. (1999). Level of spinal cord lesion determines locomotor activity in spinal man. Exp. Brain Res. 128, 405-409. (Pubitemid 29450194)
    • (1999) Experimental Brain Research , vol.128 , Issue.3 , pp. 405-409
    • Dietz, V.1    Nakazawa, K.2    Wirz, M.3    Erni, Th.4
  • 10
    • 0031046010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor unit forces and recruitment patterns after cervical spinal cord injury
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4598(199702)20:2<212::AID-MUS12>3.0.CO;2-4
    • Thomas, C.K., Broton, J.G., and Calancie, B. (1997). Motor unit forces and recruitment patterns after cervical spinal cord injury. Muscle Nerve 20, 212-220. (Pubitemid 27061535)
    • (1997) Muscle and Nerve , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 212-220
    • Thomas, C.K.1    Broton, J.G.2    Calancie, B.3
  • 11
    • 0022192470 scopus 로고
    • An animal model for neuron-specific spinal cord lesions by the microinjection of N-methylaspartate, kainic acid, and quisqualic acid
    • Pisharodi, M., and Nauta, H.J. (1985). An animal model for neuronspecific spinal cord lesions by the microinjection of N-methylaspartate, kainic acid, and quisqualic acid. Appl. Neurophysiol. 48, 226-233. (Pubitemid 16064598)
    • (1985) Applied Neurophysiology , vol.48 , Issue.1-6 , pp. 226-233
    • Pisharodi, M.1    Nauta, H.J.W.2
  • 12
    • 0026786964 scopus 로고
    • Forelimb motor performance following cervical spinal cord contusion injury in the rat
    • Schrimsher, G., and Reier, P. (1992). Forelimb motor performance following cervical spinal cord contusion injury in the rat. Exp. Neurol. 117, 287-298.
    • (1992) Exp. Neurol , vol.117 , pp. 287-298
    • Schrimsher, G.1    Reier, P.2
  • 13
    • 0027285091 scopus 로고
    • Forelimb motor performance following dorsal column, dorsolateral funiculi, or ventrolateral funiculi lesions of the cervical spinal cord in the rat
    • DOI 10.1006/exnr.1993.1060
    • Schrimsher, G.W., and Reier, P.J. (1993). Forelimb motor performance following dorsal column, dorsolateral funiculi, or ventrolateral funiculi lesions of the cervical spinal cord in the rat. Exp. Neurol. 120, 264-276. (Pubitemid 23165020)
    • (1993) Experimental Neurology , vol.120 , Issue.2 , pp. 264-276
    • Schrimsher, G.W.1    Reier, P.J.2
  • 15
    • 0035866065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Graded unilateral cervical spinal cord injury in the rat: Evaluation of forelimb recovery and histological effects
    • DOI 10.1016/S0166-4328(00)00328-4, PII S0166432800003284
    • Soblosky, J.S., Song, J.H., and Dinh, D.H. (2001). Graded unilateral cervical spinal cord injury in the rat: evaluation of forelimb recovery and histological effects. Behav. Brain Res. 119:1-13. (Pubitemid 32063349)
    • (2001) Behavioural Brain Research , vol.119 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-13
    • Soblosky, J.S.1    Song, J.-H.2    Dinh, D.H.3
  • 16
    • 0036190722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compensatory locomotor adjustments of rats with cervical or thoracic spinal cord hemisections
    • Webb, A.A., Muir, G.D. (2002). Compensatory locomotor adjustments of rats with cervical or thoracic spinal cord hemisections. J. Neurotrauma 19, 239-256. (Pubitemid 34184613)
    • (2002) Journal of Neurotrauma , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 239-256
    • Webb, A.A.1    Muir, G.D.2
  • 17
    • 4344704127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Course of motor recovery following ventrolateral spinal cord injury in the rat
    • DOI 10.1016/j.bbr.2004.04.002, PII S0166432804001287
    • Webb, A.A., and Muir, G.D. (2004). Course of motor recovery following ventrolateral spinal cord injury in the rat. Behav. Brain Res. 155, 55-65. (Pubitemid 39119966)
    • (2004) Behavioural Brain Research , vol.155 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-65
    • Webb, A.A.1    Muir, G.D.2
  • 18
    • 20544456438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histopathological and behavioral characterization of a novel cervical spinal cord displacement contusion injury in the rat
    • DOI 10.1089/neu.2005.22.680
    • Pearse D.D., Lo T.P. Jr., Cho K.S., Lynch M.P., Garg M.S., Marcillo A.E., Sanchez A.R., Cruz Y., and Dietrich W.D. (2005). Histopathological and behavioral characterization of a novel cervical spinal cord displacement contusion injury in the rat. J. Neurotrauma 22, 680-702. (Pubitemid 40840383)
    • (2005) Journal of Neurotrauma , vol.22 , Issue.6 , pp. 680-702
    • Pearse, D.D.1    Lo Jr., T.P.2    Cho, K.S.3    Lynch, M.P.4    Garg, M.S.5    Marcillo, A.E.6    Sanchez, A.R.7    Cruz, Y.8    Dietrich, W.D.9
  • 19
    • 19344362819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative assessment of forelimb motor function after cervical spinal cord injury in rats: Relationship to the corticospinal tract
    • DOI 10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.02.006, PII S0014488605000750
    • Anderson, K.D., Gunawan, A., and Steward, O. (2005). Quantitative assessment of forepaw motor function after cervical spinal cord injury in rats: relationship to corticospinal tract. Exp. Neurol. 194, 161-174. (Pubitemid 40719752)
    • (2005) Experimental Neurology , vol.194 , Issue.1 , pp. 161-174
    • Anderson, K.D.1    Gunawan, A.2    Steward, O.3
  • 20
    • 34547133030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal pathways involved in the control of forelimb motor function in rats
    • DOI 10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.05.024, PII S0014488607002051
    • Anderson, K.D., Gunawan, A., and Steward, O. (2007). Spinal pathways involved in the control of forelimb motor function in rats. Exp. Neurol. 206, 318-331. (Pubitemid 47096828)
    • (2007) Experimental Neurology , vol.206 , Issue.2 , pp. 318-331
    • Anderson, K.D.1    Gunawan, A.2    Steward, O.3
  • 21
    • 70349754680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forelimb locomotor assessment scale (FLAS): Novel assessment of forelimb dysfunction after cervical spinal cord injury
    • Anderson, K.D., Sharp, K. G., Hofstadter, M., Irvin, K.A., Murray, M., and Steward, O. (2009). Forelimb locomotor assessment scale (FLAS): Novel assessment of forelimb dysfunction after cervical spinal cord injury. Exp. Neurol. 220, 23-33.
    • (2009) Exp. Neurol , vol.220 , pp. 23-33
    • Anderson, K.D.1    Sharp, K.G.2    Hofstadter, M.3    Irvin, K.A.4    Murray, M.5    Steward, O.6
  • 23
    • 31944432224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral and histological characterization of unilateral cervical spinal cord contusion injury in rats
    • DOI 10.1089/neu.2006.23.36
    • Gensel, J.C., Tovar, C.A., Hamers, F.P., Deibert, R.J., Beattie, M.S., and Bresnahan, J.C. (2006). Behavioral and histological characterization of unilateral cervical spinal cord contusion injury in rats. J. Neurotrauma 23, 36-54. (Pubitemid 43191085)
    • (2006) Journal of Neurotrauma , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 36-54
    • Gensel, J.C.1    Tovar, C.A.2    Hamers, F.P.T.3    Deibert, R.J.4    Beattie, M.S.5    Bresnahan, J.C.6
  • 24
    • 38049000265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The differential effects of cervical and thoracic dorsal funiculus lesions in rats
    • Kanagal, S.G., and Muir, G.D. (2008). The differential effects of cervical and thoracic dorsal funiculus lesions in rats. Behav. Brain Res. 187, 379-386.
    • (2008) Behav. Brain Res , vol.187 , pp. 379-386
    • Kanagal, S.G.1    Muir, G.D.2
  • 25
    • 59749086321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Task-dependent compensation after pyramidal tract and dorsolateral spinal lesions in rats
    • Kanagal, S.G., and Muir, G.D. (2009). Task-dependent compensation after pyramidal tract and dorsolateral spinal lesions in rats. Exp. Neurol. 216, 193-206.
    • (2009) Exp. Neurol , vol.216 , pp. 193-206
    • Kanagal, S.G.1    Muir, G.D.2
  • 26
    • 70349627666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional and anatomical reorganization of the sensory-motor cortex after incomplete spinal cord injury in adult rats
    • Ghosh, A., Sydekum, E., Haiss, F., Peduzzi, S., Zo?rner, B., Schneider, R., Baltes, C., Rudin, M., Weber, B., and Schwab, M.E. (2009). Functional and anatomical reorganization of the sensory-motor cortex after incomplete spinal cord injury in adult rats. J. Neurosci. 29, 12210-12219.
    • (2009) J. Neurosci , vol.29 , pp. 12210-12219
    • Ghosh, A.1    Sydekum, E.2    Haiss, F.3    Peduzzi, S.4    Zorner, B.5    Schneider, R.6    Baltes, C.7    Rudin, M.8    Weber, B.9    Schwab, M.E.10
  • 27
    • 80051989950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor deficits and recovery in rats with unilateral spinal cord hemisection mimic the Brown-Sequard syndrome
    • Filli, L., Zo?rner, B., Weinmann, O., and Schwab, M.E. (2011). Motor deficits and recovery in rats with unilateral spinal cord hemisection mimic the Brown-Sequard syndrome. Brain 134, 2261-2273.
    • (2011) Brain , vol.134 , pp. 2261-2273
    • Filli, L.1    Zorner, B.2    Weinmann, O.3    Schwab, M.E.4
  • 28
    • 0019450824 scopus 로고
    • Integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat. 9. Differential behavioral defects after spinal cord lesions interrupting defined pathways from higher centers to motoneurones
    • Alstermark, B., Lundberg, A., Norrsell, U., and Sybirska, E. (1981). Integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat. Differential behavioural defects after spinal cord lesions interrupting defined pathways from higher centres to motoneurons. Exp. Brain Res. 42, 299-318. (Pubitemid 11112360)
    • (1981) Experimental Brain Research , vol.42 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 299-318
    • Alstermark, B.1    Lundberg, A.2    Norrsell, U.3    Sybirska, E.4
  • 29
    • 0036428597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Descending pathways controlling visually guided updating of reaching in cats
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.02203.x
    • Pettersson, L.G., and Perfiliev, S. (2002). Descending pathways controlling visually guided updating of reaching in cats. Eur. J. Neurosci. 16, 1349-1360. (Pubitemid 35340858)
    • (2002) European Journal of Neuroscience , vol.16 , Issue.7 , pp. 1349-1360
    • Pettersson, L.-G.1    Perfiliev, S.2
  • 30
    • 70349632862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal interneuron axons spontaneously regenerate after spinal cord injury in the adult feline
    • Fenrich, K.K., and Rose, P.K. (2009). Spinal interneuron axons spontaneously regenerate after spinal cord injury in the adult feline. J. Neurosci. 29, 12145-12158.
    • (2009) J. Neurosci , vol.29 , pp. 12145-12158
    • Fenrich, K.K.1    Rose, P.K.2
  • 31
    • 0030896811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manual dexterity and corticospinal connectivity following unilateral section of the cervical spinal cord in the macaque monkey
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970512)381:3<307::AID-CNE4>3.0.CO;2-6
    • Galea, M.P., and Darian-Smith, I. (1997). Manual dexterity and corticospinal connectivity following unilateral section of the cervical spinal cord in the macaque monkey. J. Comp. Neurol. 381, 307-319. (Pubitemid 27184219)
    • (1997) Journal of Comparative Neurology , vol.381 , Issue.3 , pp. 307-319
    • Galea, M.P.1    Darian-Smith, I.2
  • 32
    • 33846456575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skilled digit movements in feline and primate - Recovery after selective spinal cord lesions
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2006.01650.x
    • Pettersson, L.G., Alstermark, B., Blagovechtchenski, E., Isa, T., and Sasaski, S. (2007). Skilled digit movements in feline and primate -recovery after selective spinal cord lesions. Acta Physiol. (Oxf.) 189, 141-154. (Pubitemid 46148325)
    • (2007) Acta Physiologica , vol.189 , Issue.2 , pp. 141-154
    • Pettersson, L.-G.1    Alstermark, B.2    Blagovechtchenski, E.3    Isa, T.4    Sasaski, S.5
  • 33
    • 61449199550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-Nogo-A antibody treatment promotes recovery of manual dexterity after unilateral cervical lesion in adult primates-re-examination and extension of behavioral data
    • Freund, P., Schmidlin, E., Wannier, T., Bloch, J., Mir, A., Schwab, M.E., and Rouiller, E.M. (2009). Anti-Nogo-A antibody treatment promotes recovery of manual dexterity after unilateral cervical lesion in adult primates -re-examination and extension of behavioral data. Eur. J. Neurosci. 29, 983-996.
    • (2009) Eur. J. Neurosci , vol.29 , pp. 983-996
    • Freund, P.1    Schmidlin, E.2    Wannier, T.3    Bloch, J.4    Mir, A.5    Schwab, M.E.6    Rouiller, E.M.7
  • 34
    • 64849116015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A subcortical oscillatory network contributes to recovery of hand dexterity after spinal cord injury
    • Nishimura, Y., Morichika, Y., and Isa, T. (2009). A subcortical oscillatory network contributes to recovery of hand dexterity after spinal cord injury. Brain 132, 709-721.
    • (2009) Brain , vol.132 , pp. 709-721
    • Nishimura, Y.1    Morichika, Y.2    Isa, T.3
  • 36
    • 0033103347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complete compensation in skilled reaching success with associated impairments in limb synergies, after dorsal column lesion in the rat
    • McKenna, J.E., and Whishaw, I.Q. (1999). Complete compensation in skilled reaching success with associated impairments in limb synergies, after dorsal column lesion in the rat. J. Neurosci. 19, 1885-1894. (Pubitemid 29094204)
    • (1999) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 1885-1894
    • McKenna, J.E.1    Whishaw, I.Q.2
  • 37
    • 0034007095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cervical motoneuron topography reflects the proximodistal organization of muscles and movements of the rat forelimb: A retrograde carbocyanine dye analysis
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(20000410)419:3<286::AID-CNE2>3.0.CO;2-3
    • McKenna, J.E., Prusky, G.T., and Whishaw, I.Q. (2000). Cervical motoneuron topography reflects the proximodistal organization of muscles and movements of the rat forelimb: a retrograde carbocyanine dye analysis. J. Comp. Neurol. 419, 286-296. (Pubitemid 30134140)
    • (2000) Journal of Comparative Neurology , vol.419 , Issue.3 , pp. 286-296
    • McKenna, J.E.1    Prusky, G.T.2    Whishaw, I.Q.3
  • 38
    • 0025799660 scopus 로고
    • Transplants of embryonic motoneurones to adult spinal cord: Survival and innervation abilities
    • Clowry G., Sieradzan K., and Vrbová G. (1991). Transplants of embryonic motoneurones to adult spinal cord: survival and innervation abilities. Trends Neurosci. 14, 355-357.
    • (1991) Trends Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 355-357
    • Clowry, G.1    Sieradzan, K.2    Vrbová, G.3
  • 39
    • 34249862830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rescue of rat anterior horn neurons after spinal cord injury by retrograde transfection of adenovirus vector carrying brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene
    • DOI 10.1089/neu.2006.0004
    • Nakajima, H., Uchida, K., Kobayashi, S., Inukai, T., Horiuchi, Y., Yayama, T., Sato, R., and Baba, H. (2007). Rescue of rat anterior horn neurons after spinal cord injury by retrograde transfection of adenovirus vector carrying brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene. J. Neurotrauma 24, 703-712. (Pubitemid 46996029)
    • (2007) Journal of Neurotrauma , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 703-712
    • Nakajima, H.1    Uchida, K.2    Kobayashi, S.3    Inukai, T.4    Horiuchi, Y.5    Yayama, T.6    Sato, R.7    Baba, H.8
  • 40
    • 68249134222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurotrophic factors improve motoneuron survival and function of muscle reinnervated by embryonic neurons
    • Grumbles, R.M., Sesodia, S., Wood, P.M., and Thomas, C.K. (2009). Neurotrophic factors improve motoneuron survival and function of muscle reinnervated by embryonic neurons. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 68, 736-746.
    • (2009) J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol , vol.68 , pp. 736-746
    • Grumbles, R.M.1    Sesodia, S.2    Wood, P.M.3    Thomas, C.K.4
  • 41
    • 78650092948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased survival and reinnervation of cervicalmotoneurons by riluzole after avulsion of the c7 ventral root
    • Pinte'r S., Gloviczki B., Szabó A., Ma'rton G., and No'gra'di A. (2010). Increased survival and reinnervation of cervicalmotoneurons by riluzole after avulsion of the C7 ventral root. J. Neurotrauma 27, 2273-2282.
    • (2010) J. Neurotrauma , vol.27 , pp. 2273-2282
    • Pinte'R, S.1    Gloviczki, B.2    Szabó, A.3    Ma'Rton, G.4    No'Gra'Di, A.5
  • 42
    • 79960201921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of embryonic motoneuron transplants to restore the lost motor function of the injured spinal cord
    • No'gra'di, A., Pajer, K., and Ma'rton, G. (2011). The role of embryonic motoneuron transplants to restore the lost motor function of the injured spinal cord. Ann. Anat. 193, 362-370.
    • (2011) Ann. Anat , vol.193 , pp. 362-370
    • No'Gra'Di, A.1    Pajer, K.2    Ma'Rton, G.3
  • 43
    • 1542510701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of Monosynaptic Corticomotoneuronal EPSPs in Rats: Disynaptic EPSPs Mediated Via Reticulospinal Neurons and Polysynaptic EPSPs Via Segmental Interneurons
    • DOI 10.1152/jn.00820.2003
    • Alstermark, B., Ogawa, J., and Isa, T. (2004). Lack of monosynaptic corticomotoneuronal EPSPs in rats: disynaptic EPSPs mediated via reticulospinal neurons and polysynaptic EPSPs via segmental interneurons. J. Neurophysiol. 91, 1832-1839. (Pubitemid 38339351)
    • (2004) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.91 , Issue.4 , pp. 1832-1839
    • Alstermark, B.1    Ogawa, J.2    Isa, T.3
  • 44
    • 33846448136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The C3-C4 propriospinal system in the cat and monkey: A spinal pre-motoneuronal centre for voluntary motor control
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2006.01655.x
    • Alstermark, B., Isa, T., Pettersson, L.G., and Sasaki, S. (2007). The C3-C4 propriospinal system in the cat and monkey: a spinal premotoneuronal centre for voluntary motor control. Acta Physiol. (Oxf) 189, 123-140. (Pubitemid 46148324)
    • (2007) Acta Physiologica , vol.189 , Issue.2 , pp. 123-140
    • Alstermark, B.1    Isa, T.2    Pettersson, L.-G.3    Sasaki, S.4
  • 45
    • 84873360174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early gait adaptations with permanent impairments in forelimb function after cervical spinal cord hemisection in the adult rat presented at the society for neuroscience
    • Collazos-Castro, J.E., and Lo'pez-Dolado, E. (2006). Early gait adaptations with permanent impairments in forelimb function after cervical spinal cord hemisection in the adult rat. Presented at the Society for Neuroscience, Atlanta.
    • (2006) Atlanta
    • Collazos-Castro, J.E.1    Lo'Pez-Dolado, E.2
  • 46
    • 69449086420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compartmentalization in the triceps brachii motoneuron nucleus and its relation to muscle architecture
    • Lucas-Osma, A., and Collazos-Castro, J.E. (2009). Compartmentalization in the triceps brachii motoneuron nucleus and its relation to muscle architecture. J. Comp. Neurol. 516, 226-239.
    • (2009) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.516 , pp. 226-239
    • Lucas-Osma, A.1    Collazos-Castro, J.E.2
  • 47
    • 0026002029 scopus 로고
    • Reactive synaptogenesis assessed by synaptophysin immunoreactivity is associated with GAP-43 in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat
    • Masliah, E., Fagan, A.M., Terry, R.D., De Teresa, R., Mallory, M., and Gage, F.H. (1991). Reactive synaptogenesis assessed by synaptophysin immunoreactivity is associated with GAP-43 in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat. Exp. Neurol. 113, 131-142.
    • (1991) Exp. Neurol , vol.113 , pp. 131-142
    • Masliah, E.1    Fagan, A.M.2    Terry, R.D.3    De Teresa, R.4    Mallory, M.5    Gage, F.H.6
  • 48
    • 0028817762 scopus 로고
    • Structural changes of anterior horn neurons and their synaptic input caudal to a low thoracic spinal cord hemisection in the adult rat: A light and electron microscopic study
    • Nacimiento, W., Sappok, T., Brook, G., To'th, L., Schoen, S., Noth, J., and Kreutzberg, G. (1995). Structural changes of anterior horn neurons and their synaptic input caudal to a low thoracic spinal cord hemisection in the adult rat: a light and electron microscopic study. Acta Neuropathol. 90, 552-564.
    • (1995) Acta Neuropathol , pp. 552-564
    • Nacimiento, W.1    Sappok, T.2    Brook, G.3    To'Th, L.4    Schoen, S.5    Noth, J.6    Kreutzberg, G.7
  • 50
    • 84985325765 scopus 로고
    • The gaits of chelonians: Walking techniques for very low speeds
    • Jayes, A.S., and Alexander, R.McN. (1980). The gaits of chelonians: walking techniques for very low speeds. J. Zool. Lond. 191, 353-378.
    • (1980) J. Zool. Lond , vol.191 , pp. 353-378
    • Jayes, A.S.1    Alexander R.McN2
  • 54
    • 0018077499 scopus 로고
    • Integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat. V. Properties of and monosynaptic excitatory convergence on C3-C4 propriospinal neurones
    • Illert, M., Lundberg, A., Padel, Y., and Tanaka, R. (1978). Integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat. Properties of and monosynaptic excitatory convergence on C3-C4 propriospinal neurons. Exp. Brain Res. 33, 101-130. (Pubitemid 9006123)
    • (1978) Experimental Brain Research , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 101-130
    • Illert, M.1    Lundberg, A.2    Padel, Y.3    Tanaka, R.4
  • 55
    • 0025255134 scopus 로고
    • Transneuronal transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase into last order spinal interneurones projecting to acromio- and spinodeltoideus motoneurones in the cat. 1. Location of labelled interneurones and influence of synaptic activity on the transneuronal transport
    • Alstermark, B., and Ku?mmel, H. (1990). Transneuronal transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase into last order spinal interneurones projecting to acromio-And spinodeltoideus motoneurons in the cat. Location of labelled interneurones and influence of synaptic activity on the transneuronal transport. Exp. Brain Res. 80, 83-95. (Pubitemid 20144427)
    • (1990) Experimental Brain Research , vol.80 , Issue.1 , pp. 83-95
    • Alstermark, B.1    Kummel, H.2
  • 56
    • 0025727643 scopus 로고
    • Integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat. Morphology, axonal projection and termination of collaterals from C3-C4 propriospinal neurones in the segment of origin
    • Alstermark, B., Isa, T., and Tantisira, B. (1991). Integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat. Morphology, axonal projection and termination of collaterals from C3-C4 propriospinal neurones in the segment of origin. Exp. Brain Res. 84, 561-568.
    • (1991) Exp. Brain Res , vol.84 , pp. 561-568
    • Alstermark, B.1    Isa, T.2    Tantisira, B.3
  • 58
    • 7444238706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Triceps denervation as a predictor of elbow flexion contractures in C5 and C6 tetraplegia
    • DOI 10.1016/j.apmr.2004.01.042, PII S0003999304003193
    • Bryden, A.M., Kilgore, K.L., Lind, B.B., Yu, D.T. (2004). Triceps denervation as a predictor of elbow flexion contractures in C5 and C6 tetraplegia. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 85, 1880-1885. (Pubitemid 39441148)
    • (2004) Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , vol.85 , Issue.11 , pp. 1880-1885
    • Bryden, A.M.1    Kilgore, K.L.2    Lind, B.B.3    Yu, D.T.4
  • 59
    • 0032880887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complete locomotor recovery following corticospinal tract lesions: Measurement of ground reaction forces during overground locomotion in rats
    • DOI 10.1016/S0166-4328(99)00018-2, PII S0166432899000182
    • Muir, G.D., and Whishaw, I. (1999). Complete locomotor recovery following corticospinal tract lesions: measurement of ground reaction forces during overground locomotion in rats. Behav. Brain Res. 103, 45-53. (Pubitemid 29447702)
    • (1999) Behavioural Brain Research , vol.103 , Issue.1 , pp. 45-53
    • Muir, G.D.1    Whishaw, I.Q.2
  • 60
    • 0002545864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinematics, EMG, and inverse dynamics of the therian forelimb - A synthetic approach
    • Fischer, M.S. (1999). Kinematics, EMG, and inverse dynamics of the therian forelimb -A synthetic approach. Zool. Anz. 238, 41-54. (Pubitemid 129514351)
    • (1999) Zoologischer Anzeiger , vol.238 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 41-54
    • Fischer, M.S.1
  • 61
    • 0035069129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatiotemporal surface EMG characteristics from rat triceps brachii muscle during treadmill locomotion indicate selective recruitment of functionally distinct muscle regions
    • DOI 10.1007/s002210100685
    • Scholle, H.C., Schumann, N.P., Biedermann, F., Stegeman, D.F., Grassme, R., Roeleveld, K., Schilling, N., and Fischer, M.S. (2001). Spatiotemporal surface EMG characteristics from rat triceps brachii muscle during treadmill locomotion indicate selective recruitment of functionally distinct muscle regions. Exp. Brain Res. 138, 26-36. (Pubitemid 32285344)
    • (2001) Experimental Brain Research , vol.138 , Issue.1 , pp. 26-36
    • Scholle, H.Ch.1    Schumann, N.P.2    Biedermann, F.3    Stegeman, D.F.4    Grassme, R.5    Roeleveld, K.6    Schilling, N.7    Fischer, M.S.8
  • 63
    • 0026442377 scopus 로고
    • Proportional enlargement of motor units after partial denervation of cat triceps surae muscles
    • Rafuse, V.F., Gordon, T., and Orozco, R. (1992). Proportional enlargement of motor units after partial denervation of cat triceps surae muscles. J. Neurophysiol. 68, 1261-1276.
    • (1992) J. Neurophysiol , vol.68 , pp. 1261-1276
    • Rafuse, V.F.1    Gordon, T.2    Orozco, R.3
  • 65
    • 70349664766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mono-versus biarticular muscle function in relation to speed and gait changes: In vivo analysis of the goat triceps brachii
    • Carroll, A.M., and Biewener, A.A. (2009). Mono-versus biarticular muscle function in relation to speed and gait changes: in vivo analysis of the goat triceps brachii. J. Exp. Biol. 212, 3349-3360.
    • (2009) J. Exp. Biol , vol.212 , pp. 3349-3360
    • Carroll, A.M.1    Biewener, A.A.2
  • 66
    • 21344465418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propriospinal circuitry underlying interlimb coordination in mammalian quadrupedal locomotion
    • DOI 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0696-05.2005
    • Juvin, L., Simmers, J., and Morin, D. (2005). Propriospinal circuitry underlying interlimb coordination in mammalian quadrupedal locomotion. J. Neurosci. 25, 6025-6035. (Pubitemid 40911434)
    • (2005) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.25 , Issue.25 , pp. 6025-6035
    • Juvin, L.1    Simmers, J.2    Morin, D.3
  • 67
    • 40949162289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propriospinal neurons are sufficient for bulbospinal transmission of the locomotor command signal in the neonatal rat spinal cord
    • DOI 10.1113/jphysiol.2007.148361
    • Cowley, K.C., Zaporozhets, E., and Schmidt, B.J. (2008). Propriospinal neurons are sufficient for bulbospinal transmission of the locomotor command signal in the neonatal rat spinal cord. J. Physiol. 586, 1623-1635. (Pubitemid 351404965)
    • (2008) Journal of Physiology , vol.586 , Issue.6 , pp. 1623-1635
    • Cowley, K.C.1    Zaporozhets, E.2    Schmidt, B.J.3
  • 68
    • 0022371015 scopus 로고
    • Recovery of postural control following chronic bilateral hemisections at different spinal cord levels in adult cats
    • DOI 10.1016/0014-4886(85)90024-X
    • Kato, M., Murakami, S., Hirayama, H., and Hikino, K. (1985). Recovery of postural control following chronic bilateral hemisections at different spinal cord levels in adult cats. Exp. Neurol. 90, 350-364. (Pubitemid 16225320)
    • (1985) Experimental Neurology , vol.90 , Issue.2 , pp. 350-364
    • Kato, M.1    Murakami, S.2    Hirayama, H.3    Hikino, K.4
  • 70
    • 43049170422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prominent role of the spinal central pattern generator in the recovery of locomotion after partial spinal cord injuries
    • Barriere, G., Leblond, H., Provencher, J., and Rossignol, S. (2008). Prominent role of the spinal central pattern generator in the recovery of locomotion after partial spinal cord injuries. J. Neurosci. 28, 3976-3987.
    • (2008) J. Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 3976-3987
    • Barriere, G.1    Leblond, H.2    Provencher, J.3    Rossignol, S.4
  • 71
    • 38049056853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovery of supraspinal control of stepping via indirect propriospinal relay connections after spinal cord injury
    • Courtine, G., Song, B., Roy, R.R., Zhong, H., Herrmann, J.E., Ao, Y., Qi, J., Edgerton, V.R., and Sofroniew, M.V. (2008). Recovery of supraspinal control of stepping via indirect propriospinal relay connections after spinal cord injury. Nat. Med. 14, 69-74.
    • (2008) Nat. Med , vol.14 , pp. 69-74
    • Courtine, G.1    Song, B.2    Roy, R.R.3    Zhong, H.4    Herrmann, J.E.5    Ao, Y.6    Qi, J.7    Edgerton, V.R.8    Sofroniew, M.V.9
  • 72
    • 0016593636 scopus 로고
    • Coordination of movements of the hindlimbs and forelimbs in different forms of locomotion in normal and decerebrate cats
    • Miller, S., van der Burg, J., and van der Meché, F. (1975). Coordination of movements of the hindlimbs and forelimbs in different forms of locomotion in normal and decerebrate cats. Brain Res. 91, 217-237.
    • (1975) Brain Res , vol.91 , pp. 217-237
    • Miller, S.1    Van Der Burg, J.2    Van Der Meché, F.3
  • 73
    • 0035783885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal coordination of arm and leg movements during human locomotion
    • DOI 10.1046/j.0953-816X.2001.01813.x
    • Dietz, V., Fouad, K., and Bastiaanse, C.M. (2001). Neuronal coordination of arm and leg movements during human locomotion. Eur. J. Neurosci. 14, 1906-1914. (Pubitemid 35463707)
    • (2001) European Journal of Neuroscience , vol.14 , Issue.11 , pp. 1906-1914
    • Dietz, V.1    Fouad, K.2    Bastiaanse, C.M.3
  • 74
    • 33748427770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetically evoked inter-enlargement response: An assessment of ascending propriospinal fibers following spinal cord injury
    • DOI 10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.04.032, PII S0014488606002810
    • Beaumont E, Onifer SM, Reed WR, and Magnuson DS. (2006). Magnetically evoked inter-enlargement response: an assessment of ascending propriospinal fibers following spinal cord injury. Exp. Neurol. 201, 428-440. (Pubitemid 44344235)
    • (2006) Experimental Neurology , vol.201 , Issue.2 , pp. 428-440
    • Beaumont, E.1    Onifer, S.M.2    Reed, W.R.3    Magnuson, D.S.K.4
  • 75
    • 33750342195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inter-enlargement pathways in the ventrolateral funiculus of the adult rat spinal cord
    • DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.07.017, PII S0306452206009365
    • Reed, W.R., Shum-Siu, A., Onifer, S.M., and Magnuson, D.S. (2006). Inter-enlargement pathways in the ventrolateral funiculus of the adult rat spinal cord. Neuroscience 142, 1195-1207. (Pubitemid 44636052)
    • (2006) Neuroscience , vol.142 , Issue.4 , pp. 1195-1207
    • Reed, W.R.1    Shum-Siu, A.2    Onifer, S.M.3    Magnuson, D.S.K.4
  • 76
    • 17644403501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mid-lumbar segments are needed for the expression of locomotion in chronic spinal cats
    • DOI 10.1152/jn.00909.2004
    • Langlet, C., Leblond, H., and Rossignol, S. (2005). Mid-lumbar segments are needed for the expression of locomotion in chronic spinal cats. J. Neurophysiol. 93, 2474-2488. (Pubitemid 40570832)
    • (2005) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.93 , Issue.5 , pp. 2474-2488
    • Langlet, C.1    Leblond, H.2    Rossignol, S.3
  • 77
    • 0022450071 scopus 로고
    • Integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat. 15. Comparison of the projection from excitatory C3-C4 propriospinal neurones to different species of forelimb motoneurones
    • Alstermark, B., and Sasaki, S. (1986). Integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat. Comparison of the projection from excitatory C3-C4 propriospinal neurones to different species of forelimb motoneurones. Exp. Brain Res. 63, 543-556. (Pubitemid 16036228)
    • (1986) Experimental Brain Research , vol.63 , Issue.3 , pp. 543-556
    • Alstermark, B.1    Sasaki, S.2
  • 78
    • 0033402114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 4 propriospinal neurons in the Macaca fuscata
    • Alstermark, B., Isa, T., Ohki, Y., and Saito, Y. (1999). Disynaptic pyramidal excitation in forelimb motoneurons mediated via C(3)-C(4) propriospinal neurons in the Macaca fuscata. J. Neurophysiol. 82, 3580-3585. (Pubitemid 30017477)
    • (1999) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.82 , Issue.6 , pp. 3580-3585
    • Alstermark, B.1    Isa, T.2    Ohki, Y.3    Saito, Y.4
  • 79
    • 0043235662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unilateral dorsal column and rubrospinal tract injuries affect overground locomotion in the unrestrained rat
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02768.x
    • Webb, A.A., and Muir, G.D. (2003). Unilateral dorsal column and rubrospinal tract injuries affect overground locomotion in the unrestrained rat. Eur. J. Neurosci. 18, 412-422. (Pubitemid 36999942)
    • (2003) European Journal of Neuroscience , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 412-422
    • Webb, A.A.1    Muir, G.D.2
  • 80
    • 0033739743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vestibulospinal and reticulospinal neuronal activity during locomotion in the intact cat I. Walking on a level surface
    • Matsuyama, K., and Drew, T. (2000). Vestibulospinal and reticulospinal neuronal activity during locomotion in the intact cat. I. Walking on a level surface. J. Neurophysiol. 84, 2237-2256.
    • (2000) J. Neurophysiol , vol.84 , pp. 2237-2256
    • Matsuyama, K.1    Drew, T.2
  • 81
    • 0036800264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discharge characteristics of neurons in the red nucleus during voluntary gait modifications: A comparison with the motor cortex
    • Lavoie, S., and Drew, T. (2002). Discharge characteristics of neurons in the red nucleus during voluntary gait modifications: a comparison with the motor cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 88, 1791-1814. (Pubitemid 35191182)
    • (2002) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.88 , Issue.4 , pp. 1791-1814
    • Lavoie, S.1    Drew, T.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.