메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 189, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 141-154

Skilled digit movements in feline and primate - Recovery after selective spinal cord lesions

Author keywords

Cat; Descending pathways; Digit movements; Lesion; Monkey; Recovery; Spinal cord

Indexed keywords

CAT; CONFERENCE PAPER; FINGER; FOOD INTAKE; FORELIMB; HUMAN; INTERNEURON; NONHUMAN; PRIMATE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPRIOCEPTION; PYRAMIDAL TRACT; RUBROSPINAL TRACT; SPINAL CORD;

EID: 33846456575     PISSN: 17481708     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2006.01650.x     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (54)

References (64)
  • 1
    • 33846440196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alstermark, B. & Lundberg, A. 1992. The C3-C4 propriospinal system: target-reaching and food-taking. In: L. Jami, E. Pierrot-Deseilligny & D. Zytnick (eds) Muscle Afferents and Spinal Control of Movement. IBRO Symposium, Paris 1991, Chapter 4.8. pp. 327-354. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
    • Alstermark, B. & Lundberg, A. 1992. The C3-C4 propriospinal system: target-reaching and food-taking. In: L. Jami, E. Pierrot-Deseilligny & D. Zytnick (eds) Muscle Afferents and Spinal Control of Movement. IBRO Symposium, Paris 1991, Chapter 4.8. pp. 327-354. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
  • 2
    • 0021811265 scopus 로고
    • Integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat. 13. Corticospinal effects in shoulder, elbow, wrist, and digit motoneurones
    • Alstermark, B. & Sasaki, S. 1985. Integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat. 13. Corticospinal effects in shoulder, elbow, wrist, and digit motoneurones. Exp Brain Res 59, 353-364.
    • (1985) Exp Brain Res , vol.59 , pp. 353-364
    • Alstermark, B.1    Sasaki, S.2
  • 3
    • 0019450824 scopus 로고
    • Integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat. 9. Differential behavioural defects after spinal cord lesions interrupting defined pathways from higher centres to motoneurones
    • Alstermark, B., Lundberg, A., Norrsell, U. & Sybirska, E. 1981. Integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat. 9. Differential behavioural defects after spinal cord lesions interrupting defined pathways from higher centres to motoneurones. Exp Brain Res 42, 299-318.
    • (1981) Exp Brain Res , vol.42 , pp. 299-318
    • Alstermark, B.1    Lundberg, A.2    Norrsell, U.3    Sybirska, E.4
  • 4
    • 0022544153 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dorsal column transection in the upper cervical segments on visually guided forelimb movements
    • Alstermark, B., Górska, T., Johannisson, T. & Lundberg, A. 1986. Effects of dorsal column transection in the upper cervical segments on visually guided forelimb movements. Neurosci Res 3, 462-466.
    • (1986) Neurosci Res , vol.3 , pp. 462-466
    • Alstermark, B.1    Górska, T.2    Johannisson, T.3    Lundberg, A.4
  • 5
    • 0023428440 scopus 로고
    • Motor recovery after serial spinal cord lesions of defined descending pathways in cats
    • Alstermark, B., Lundberg, A., Pettersson, LG., Tantisira, B. & Walkowska, M. 1987. Motor recovery after serial spinal cord lesions of defined descending pathways in cats. Neurosci Res 5, 68-73.
    • (1987) Neurosci Res , vol.5 , pp. 68-73
    • Alstermark, B.1    Lundberg, A.2    Pettersson, L.G.3    Tantisira, B.4    Walkowska, M.5
  • 7
    • 0025365170 scopus 로고
    • Projection from excitatory C3-C4 propriospinal neurones to lamina VII and VIII neurones in the C6-Th1 segments of the cat
    • Alstermark, B., Isa, T., Kümmel, H. & Tantisira, B. 1990. Projection from excitatory C3-C4 propriospinal neurones to lamina VII and VIII neurones in the C6-Th1 segments of the cat. Neurosci Res 8, 131-137.
    • (1990) Neurosci Res , vol.8 , pp. 131-137
    • Alstermark, B.1    Isa, T.2    Kümmel, H.3    Tantisira, B.4
  • 8
    • 0025879395 scopus 로고
    • The effect of a low pyramidal transection following previous transection of the dorsal column in cats
    • Alstermark, B., Isa, T., Lundberg, A., Pettersson, L.G. & Tantisira, B. 1991a. The effect of a low pyramidal transection following previous transection of the dorsal column in cats. Neurosci Res 11, 215-220.
    • (1991) Neurosci Res , vol.11 , pp. 215-220
    • Alstermark, B.1    Isa, T.2    Lundberg, A.3    Pettersson, L.G.4    Tantisira, B.5
  • 9
    • 0025768636 scopus 로고
    • The pathway from Ia forelimb afferents to the motor cortex: A new hypothesis
    • Alstermark, B., Lundberg, A. & Pettersson, L.-G. 1991b. The pathway from Ia forelimb afferents to the motor cortex: a new hypothesis. Neurosci Res 11, 221-225.
    • (1991) Neurosci Res , vol.11 , pp. 221-225
    • Alstermark, B.1    Lundberg, A.2    Pettersson, L.-G.3
  • 10
    • 0033402114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disynaptic pyramidal excitation in forelimb motoneurons mediated via C3-C4 propriospinal neurons in the Macaca fuscata
    • Alstermark, B., Isa, T., Ohki, Y. & Saito, Y. 1999. Disynaptic pyramidal excitation in forelimb motoneurons mediated via C3-C4 propriospinal neurons in the Macaca fuscata. J Neurophysiol 82, 3580-3585.
    • (1999) J Neurophysiol , vol.82 , pp. 3580-3585
    • Alstermark, B.1    Isa, T.2    Ohki, Y.3    Saito, Y.4
  • 11
    • 33846448136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The C3-C4 propriospinal system in the cat and monkey; a spinal premotoneuronal centre for voluntary motor control
    • Alstermark, B., Isa, T., Pettersson, L.-G. & Sasaki, S. 2006. The C3-C4 propriospinal system in the cat and monkey; a spinal premotoneuronal centre for voluntary motor control. Acta Physiol Scand 189, 123-140.
    • (2006) Acta Physiol Scand , vol.189 , pp. 123-140
    • Alstermark, B.1    Isa, T.2    Pettersson, L.-G.3    Sasaki, S.4
  • 12
    • 0019786241 scopus 로고
    • Brain plasticity as a basis of the development of rehabilitation procedures for hemiplegia
    • Bach-y-Rita, P. 1981. Brain plasticity as a basis of the development of rehabilitation procedures for hemiplegia. Scand J Rehab Med 13, 73-83.
    • (1981) Scand J Rehab Med , vol.13 , pp. 73-83
    • Bach-y-Rita, P.1
  • 13
    • 0007873115 scopus 로고
    • Cortical representation and functional significance of the corticomotoneuronal system
    • Bernhard, CG. & Bohm, E. 1954. Cortical representation and functional significance of the corticomotoneuronal system. Arch Neurol Psych 72, 473-502.
    • (1954) Arch Neurol Psych , vol.72 , pp. 473-502
    • Bernhard, C.G.1    Bohm, E.2
  • 14
    • 0034282137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blagovechtchenski, E., Pettersson, L.-G., Perfiliev, S., Krasnochokova, E. & Lundberg, A. 2000. Control of digits via C3-C4 propriospinal neurones in cats; recovery after lesions. Neurosci Res 38, 103-107. Erratum in: Neurosci Res 2001, 40, 195.
    • Blagovechtchenski, E., Pettersson, L.-G., Perfiliev, S., Krasnochokova, E. & Lundberg, A. 2000. Control of digits via C3-C4 propriospinal neurones in cats; recovery after lesions. Neurosci Res 38, 103-107. Erratum in: Neurosci Res 2001, 40, 195.
  • 15
    • 0032459136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shaping of the cat paw for food taking and object manipulation: An X-ray analysis
    • Boczek-Funcke, A., Kuhtz-Buschbeck, J., Paschmeyer, B. & Illert, M. 1998. Shaping of the cat paw for food taking and object manipulation: an X-ray analysis. Eur J Neurosci 10, 3885-3897.
    • (1998) Eur J Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 3885-3897
    • Boczek-Funcke, A.1    Kuhtz-Buschbeck, J.2    Paschmeyer, B.3    Illert, M.4
  • 16
    • 0026519154 scopus 로고
    • Response of pontomedullary reticulospinal neurons to vestibular stimuli in vertical planes. Role in vertical vestibulospinal reflexes of the decerebrate cat
    • Bolton, P.S., Goto, T., Schor, R.H., Wilson, V.J., Yamagata, Y. & Yates, B.J. 1992. Response of pontomedullary reticulospinal neurons to vestibular stimuli in vertical planes. Role in vertical vestibulospinal reflexes of the decerebrate cat. J Neurophysiol 67, 639-647.
    • (1992) J Neurophysiol , vol.67 , pp. 639-647
    • Bolton, P.S.1    Goto, T.2    Schor, R.H.3    Wilson, V.J.4    Yamagata, Y.5    Yates, B.J.6
  • 17
    • 0016282161 scopus 로고
    • Sensory transmission through lemniscal pathway during voluntary movement in the cat
    • Coulter, J.D. 1974. Sensory transmission through lemniscal pathway during voluntary movement in the cat. J Neurophysiol 37, 831-845.
    • (1974) J Neurophysiol , vol.37 , pp. 831-845
    • Coulter, J.D.1
  • 18
    • 0030896811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manual dexterity and corticospinal connectivity following unilateral section of the cervical spinal cord in the macaque monkey
    • Galea, M.P. & Darian-Smith, I. 1997. Manual dexterity and corticospinal connectivity following unilateral section of the cervical spinal cord in the macaque monkey. J Comp Neurol 381, 307-319.
    • (1997) J Comp Neurol , vol.381 , pp. 307-319
    • Galea, M.P.1    Darian-Smith, I.2
  • 19
    • 0015503879 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of afferent transmission in cuneate nucleus during voluntary movement in the cat
    • Ghez, C. & Pisa, M. 1972. Inhibition of afferent transmission in cuneate nucleus during voluntary movement in the cat. Brain Res 40, 145-155.
    • (1972) Brain Res , vol.40 , pp. 145-155
    • Ghez, C.1    Pisa, M.2
  • 20
    • 0019137125 scopus 로고
    • Effects of pyramidal lesions on forelimb movements in the cat
    • Górska, T. & Sybirska, E. 1980. Effects of pyramidal lesions on forelimb movements in the cat. Acta Neurobiol Exp 40, 843-859.
    • (1980) Acta Neurobiol Exp , vol.40 , pp. 843-859
    • Górska, T.1    Sybirska, E.2
  • 21
    • 0022379811 scopus 로고
    • Connections between pericruciate cortex and the medullary reticulospinal neurons in cat: An electrophysiological study
    • He, X. & Wu, C. 1985. Connections between pericruciate cortex and the medullary reticulospinal neurons in cat: an electrophysiological study. Exp Brain Res 61, 109-116.
    • (1985) Exp Brain Res , vol.61 , pp. 109-116
    • He, X.1    Wu, C.2
  • 22
    • 0016731416 scopus 로고
    • Variation in form of the pyramidal tract and its relationship to digital dexterity
    • Heffner, R. & Masterton, B. 1975. Variation in form of the pyramidal tract and its relationship to digital dexterity. Brain Behav Evol 12, 161-200.
    • (1975) Brain Behav Evol , vol.12 , pp. 161-200
    • Heffner, R.1    Masterton, B.2
  • 23
    • 0021012697 scopus 로고
    • The role of the corticospinal tract in the evolution of human digital dexterity
    • Heffner, R.S. & Masterton, R.B. 1983. The role of the corticospinal tract in the evolution of human digital dexterity. Brain Behav Evol 23, 165-183.
    • (1983) Brain Behav Evol , vol.23 , pp. 165-183
    • Heffner, R.S.1    Masterton, R.B.2
  • 24
    • 0017138726 scopus 로고
    • Integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat. 1. Pyramidal effects on motoneurones
    • Illert, M., Lundberg, A. & Tanaka, R. 1976. Integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat. 1. Pyramidal effects on motoneurones. Exp Brain Res 26, 509-519.
    • (1976) Exp Brain Res , vol.26 , pp. 509-519
    • Illert, M.1    Lundberg, A.2    Tanaka, R.3
  • 25
    • 0025683358 scopus 로고
    • Longlasting facilitation of pyramidal tract input to spinal interneurons
    • Iriki, A., Keller, A., Pavlides, C. & Asanuma, H. 1990. Longlasting facilitation of pyramidal tract input to spinal interneurons. Neuroreport 1, 157-160.
    • (1990) Neuroreport , vol.1 , pp. 157-160
    • Iriki, A.1    Keller, A.2    Pavlides, C.3    Asanuma, H.4
  • 26
    • 0036231706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brainstem control of head movements during orienting; organization of the premotor circuits
    • Isa, T. & Sasaki, S. 2002. Brainstem control of head movements during orienting; organization of the premotor circuits. Prog Neurobiol 66, 205-241.
    • (2002) Prog Neurobiol , vol.66 , pp. 205-241
    • Isa, T.1    Sasaki, S.2
  • 28
    • 0025272775 scopus 로고
    • Input-output organization of reticulospinal neurones, with special reference to connexions with dorsal neck motoneurones in the cat
    • Iwamoto, Y., Sasaki, S. & Suzuki, I. 1990. Input-output organization of reticulospinal neurones, with special reference to connexions with dorsal neck motoneurones in the cat. Exp Brain Res 80, 260-276.
    • (1990) Exp Brain Res , vol.80 , pp. 260-276
    • Iwamoto, Y.1    Sasaki, S.2    Suzuki, I.3
  • 29
    • 0032909588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is digital dexterity really related to corticospinal projections?: A re-analysis of the Heffner and Masterton data set using modern comparative statistics
    • Iwaniuk, A.N., Pellis, S.M. & Whishaw, I.Q. 1999. Is digital dexterity really related to corticospinal projections?: a re-analysis of the Heffner and Masterton data set using modern comparative statistics. Behav Brain Res 101, 173-187.
    • (1999) Behav Brain Res , vol.101 , pp. 173-187
    • Iwaniuk, A.N.1    Pellis, S.M.2    Whishaw, I.Q.3
  • 30
    • 0037629735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental influence on recovery after brain lesions-experimental and clinical data
    • Johansson, B.B. 2003. Environmental influence on recovery after brain lesions-experimental and clinical data. J Rehabil Med 41(Suppl.), 11-16.
    • (2003) J Rehabil Med , vol.41 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 11-16
    • Johansson, B.B.1
  • 31
    • 0021288760 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of corticospinal neurons with collaterals to lower brain stem reticular formation in cat
    • Keizer, K. & Kuypers, H.G.J.M. 1984. Distribution of corticospinal neurons with collaterals to lower brain stem reticular formation in cat. Exp Brain Res 54, 107-120.
    • (1984) Exp Brain Res , vol.54 , pp. 107-120
    • Keizer, K.1    Kuypers, H.G.J.M.2
  • 32
    • 0027370173 scopus 로고
    • Candate premotor neurones of skin reflex pathways to T1 forelimb motoneurones of the cat
    • Kitazawa, S., Ohki, Y., Sasaki, M., Xi, M. & Hongo, T. 1993. Candate premotor neurones of skin reflex pathways to T1 forelimb motoneurones of the cat. Exp Brain Res 95, 291-307.
    • (1993) Exp Brain Res , vol.95 , pp. 291-307
    • Kitazawa, S.1    Ohki, Y.2    Sasaki, M.3    Xi, M.4    Hongo, T.5
  • 33
    • 70449187132 scopus 로고
    • An anatomical analysis of corticobulbar connexions to the lower pons and lower brain stem in the cat
    • Kuypers, H.G.J.M. 1958. An anatomical analysis of corticobulbar connexions to the lower pons and lower brain stem in the cat. J Anat 92, 198-218.
    • (1958) J Anat , vol.92 , pp. 198-218
    • Kuypers, H.G.J.M.1
  • 34
    • 33846441318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kuypers, H.G.J.M. 1981. The organization of the motor system in primates. In: V.B. Brooks (ed.) Handbook of Physiology. The Nervous System. Motor Control. sect. 1, 2. pp. 623-634. American Physiological Society, Bethesda, MD, USA.
    • Kuypers, H.G.J.M. 1981. The organization of the motor system in primates. In: V.B. Brooks (ed.) Handbook of Physiology. The Nervous System. Motor Control. sect. 1, vol. 2. pp. 623-634. American Physiological Society, Bethesda, MD, USA.
  • 35
    • 0017153824 scopus 로고
    • The development of motor control in the rhesus monkey: Evidence concerning the role of corticomotoneuronal connections
    • Lawrence, D.G. & Hopkins, D.A. 1976. The development of motor control in the rhesus monkey: evidence concerning the role of corticomotoneuronal connections. Brain 99, 235-254.
    • (1976) Brain , vol.99 , pp. 235-254
    • Lawrence, D.G.1    Hopkins, D.A.2
  • 36
    • 0014259748 scopus 로고
    • The functional organization of the motor system in the monkey. I. The effects of bilateral pyramidal lesions
    • Lawrence, D.G. & Kuypers, H.G.J.M. 1968a. The functional organization of the motor system in the monkey. I. The effects of bilateral pyramidal lesions. Brain 91, 1-14.
    • (1968) Brain , vol.91 , pp. 1-14
    • Lawrence, D.G.1    Kuypers, H.G.J.M.2
  • 37
    • 0014259957 scopus 로고
    • The functional organization of the motor system in the monkey. II. The effects of lesions of the descending brain-stem pathways
    • Lawrence, D.G. & Kuypers, H.G.J.M. 1968b. The functional organization of the motor system in the monkey. II. The effects of lesions of the descending brain-stem pathways. Brain 91, 15-36.
    • (1968) Brain , vol.91 , pp. 15-36
    • Lawrence, D.G.1    Kuypers, H.G.J.M.2
  • 38
    • 24144441717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing the function of the corticospinal system in different species: Organizational differences for motor specialization?
    • Lemon, R.N. & Griffiths, J. 2005. Comparing the function of the corticospinal system in different species: organizational differences for motor specialization? Muscle Nerve 32, 261-279.
    • (2005) Muscle Nerve , vol.32 , pp. 261-279
    • Lemon, R.N.1    Griffiths, J.2
  • 39
    • 33846403418 scopus 로고
    • eine Verhaltenskunde, Blackwell
    • Leyhausen, P. 1982. Katzen. eine Verhaltenskunde, Blackwell.
    • (1982) Katzen
    • Leyhausen, P.1
  • 41
    • 78651144073 scopus 로고
    • Cortical control of brain stem reticular neurons
    • Magni, F. & Willis, W.D. 1964. Cortical control of brain stem reticular neurons. Arch Ital Biol 102, 418-433.
    • (1964) Arch Ital Biol , vol.102 , pp. 418-433
    • Magni, F.1    Willis, W.D.2
  • 42
    • 0344440932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locomotor role of the corticoreticular-reticulospinal-spinal interneuronal system
    • Matsuyama, K., Mori, F., Nakajima, K., Drew, T., Aoki, M. & Mori, S. 2004. Locomotor role of the corticoreticular-reticulospinal-spinal interneuronal system. Prog Brain Res 143, 239-249.
    • (2004) Prog Brain Res , vol.143 , pp. 239-249
    • Matsuyama, K.1    Mori, F.2    Nakajima, K.3    Drew, T.4    Aoki, M.5    Mori, S.6
  • 43
    • 0029441880 scopus 로고
    • Neuroanatomical and neurophysiological bases of postural control
    • Mori, S., Iwakiri, H., Homma, Y., Yokoyama, T. & Matsuyama, K. 1995. Neuroanatomical and neurophysiological bases of postural control. Adv Neurol 67, 289-303.
    • (1995) Adv Neurol , vol.67 , pp. 289-303
    • Mori, S.1    Iwakiri, H.2    Homma, Y.3    Yokoyama, T.4    Matsuyama, K.5
  • 44
    • 60950542657 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of the hand
    • Napier, J. 1962. The evolution of the hand. Sci Am 207, 56-62
    • (1962) Sci Am , vol.207 , pp. 56-62
    • Napier, J.1
  • 45
    • 0042288789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism for activation of locomotor centers in the spinal cord by stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region
    • Noga, B.R., Kriellaars, D.J., Brownstone, R.M. & Jordan, L.M. 2003. Mechanism for activation of locomotor centers in the spinal cord by stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region. J Neurophysiol 90, 1464-1478.
    • (2003) J Neurophysiol , vol.90 , pp. 1464-1478
    • Noga, B.R.1    Kriellaars, D.J.2    Brownstone, R.M.3    Jordan, L.M.4
  • 46
    • 0034953320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nudo, R.J., Plautz, E.J. & Frost, S.B. 2001. Role of adaptive plasticity in recovery of function after damage to motor cortex. Muscle Nerve 24, 000-19.
    • Nudo, R.J., Plautz, E.J. & Frost, S.B. 2001. Role of adaptive plasticity in recovery of function after damage to motor cortex. Muscle Nerve 24, 000-19.
  • 47
    • 33846407672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oscarsson, O. 1973. Functional organization of spinocerebellar paths. 1973. In: A. Iggo (ed.) Handbook of Sensory Physiology, 2: Somatosensory system, pp. 339-380. Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York.
    • Oscarsson, O. 1973. Functional organization of spinocerebellar paths. 1973. In: A. Iggo (ed.) Handbook of Sensory Physiology, Vol 2: Somatosensory system, pp. 339-380. Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York.
  • 48
    • 0032194421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food-taking in the cat investigated with transection of the rubro-and corticospinal tracts
    • Perfiliev, S., Pettersson, L.-G. & Lundberg, A. 1998. Food-taking in the cat investigated with transection of the rubro-and corticospinal tracts. Neurosci Res 32, 181-184.
    • (1998) Neurosci Res , vol.32 , pp. 181-184
    • Perfiliev, S.1    Pettersson, L.-G.2    Lundberg, A.3
  • 49
    • 0016302471 scopus 로고
    • Responses of ponto-medullary reticular neurons to cortical, tectal and cutaneous stimuli
    • Peterson, B.W., Anderson, M.E. & Filion, M. 1974. Responses of ponto-medullary reticular neurons to cortical, tectal and cutaneous stimuli. Exp Brain Res 21, 19-44.
    • (1974) Exp Brain Res , vol.21 , pp. 19-44
    • Peterson, B.W.1    Anderson, M.E.2    Filion, M.3
  • 50
  • 51
    • 0034282264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovery of food-taking in cats after lesions of the corticospinal (complete) and rubrospinal (complete and incomplete) tracts
    • Pettersson, L.G., Blagovechtchenski, E., Perfiliev, S., Krasnochokova, E. & Lundberg, A. 2000. Recovery of food-taking in cats after lesions of the corticospinal (complete) and rubrospinal (complete and incomplete) tracts. Neurosci Res 38, 109-112.
    • (2000) Neurosci Res , vol.38 , pp. 109-112
    • Pettersson, L.G.1    Blagovechtchenski, E.2    Perfiliev, S.3    Krasnochokova, E.4    Lundberg, A.5
  • 52
    • 0017601774 scopus 로고
    • Corticospinal neurons. Their role in movement
    • Phillips, C.G. & Porter, R. 1971. Corticospinal neurons. Their role in movement. Monogr Physiol Soc 34, 1-450.
    • (1971) Monogr Physiol Soc , vol.34 , pp. 1-450
    • Phillips, C.G.1    Porter, R.2
  • 54
    • 0035319602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasticity of motor systems after incomplete spinal cord injury
    • Raineteau, O. & Schwab, M.E. 2001. Plasticity of motor systems after incomplete spinal cord injury. Nat Rev Neurosci 2, 263-273.
    • (2001) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.2 , pp. 263-273
    • Raineteau, O.1    Schwab, M.E.2
  • 55
    • 0002766125 scopus 로고
    • Corticofugal fibres to the brainstem reticular formation; an experimental study in the cat
    • Rossi, G.F. & Brodal, A. 1956. Corticofugal fibres to the brainstem reticular formation; an experimental study in the cat. J Anat 90, 42-62.
    • (1956) J Anat , vol.90 , pp. 42-62
    • Rossi, G.F.1    Brodal, A.2
  • 56
    • 14844336996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dexterous finger movements in primate without monosynaptic corticomotoneuronal excitation
    • Sasaki, S., Isa, T., Pettersson, L-G. et al. 2004. Dexterous finger movements in primate without monosynaptic corticomotoneuronal excitation. J Neurophysiol 92, 3142-3147.
    • (2004) J Neurophysiol , vol.92 , pp. 3142-3147
    • Sasaki, S.1    Isa, T.2    Pettersson, L.-G.3
  • 57
    • 3142768943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive plastic changes in the hand representation of the primary motor cortex parallel incomplete recovery from a unilateral section of the corticospinal tract at cervical level in monkeys
    • Schmidlin, E., Wannier, T., Bloch, J. & Rouiller, E.M. 2004. Progressive plastic changes in the hand representation of the primary motor cortex parallel incomplete recovery from a unilateral section of the corticospinal tract at cervical level in monkeys. Brain Res 1017, 172-183.
    • (2004) Brain Res , vol.1017 , pp. 172-183
    • Schmidlin, E.1    Wannier, T.2    Bloch, J.3    Rouiller, E.M.4
  • 58
    • 0017848644 scopus 로고
    • A behavioural analysis of complete unilateral section of the pyramidal tract at the medullary level in Macaca mulatta
    • Schwartzman, R.J. 1978. A behavioural analysis of complete unilateral section of the pyramidal tract at the medullary level in Macaca mulatta. Ann. Neurol 4, 234-244.
    • (1978) Ann. Neurol , vol.4 , pp. 234-244
    • Schwartzman, R.J.1
  • 59
    • 0016410875 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal organization and synaptic mechanisms of supraspinal motor control in vertebrates
    • Shapovalov, A.I. 1975. Neuronal organization and synaptic mechanisms of supraspinal motor control in vertebrates. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 72, 2-54.
    • (1975) Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol , vol.72 , pp. 2-54
    • Shapovalov, A.I.1
  • 60
    • 0019219871 scopus 로고
    • Effects of red nucleus lesions on forelimb movements in the cat
    • Sybirska, E. & Górska, T. 1980. Effects of red nucleus lesions on forelimb movements in the cat. Acta Neurobiol Exp 40, 821-841.
    • (1980) Acta Neurobiol Exp , vol.40 , pp. 821-841
    • Sybirska, E.1    Górska, T.2
  • 61
    • 9344233401 scopus 로고
    • The dissociation of cortical excitation from cortical inhibition by pyramidal section and the syndrome of that lesion in the cat
    • Tower, S. 1935. The dissociation of cortical excitation from cortical inhibition by pyramidal section and the syndrome of that lesion in the cat. Brain 58, 238-255.
    • (1935) Brain , vol.58 , pp. 238-255
    • Tower, S.1
  • 62
    • 0019479758 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic plasticity in the mammalian central nervous system
    • Tsukahara, N. 1981. Synaptic plasticity in the mammalian central nervous system. Annu Rev Neurosci 4, 351-379.
    • (1981) Annu Rev Neurosci , vol.4 , pp. 351-379
    • Tsukahara, N.1
  • 63
    • 85040893974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turner, D.C, Bateson, P, Eds, 2 edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Turner, D.C., Bateson, P. (Eds) 2000. The Domestic Cat: The Biology of its Behaviour, 2 edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (2000) The Domestic Cat: The Biology of its Behaviour
  • 64
    • 0022263888 scopus 로고
    • On long-lasting potentiation in the hippocampus: A proposed mechanism for its dependence on coincident pre- and postsynaptic activity
    • Wigström, H. & Gustafsson, B. 1985. On long-lasting potentiation in the hippocampus: a proposed mechanism for its dependence on coincident pre- and postsynaptic activity. Acta Physiol Scand 123, 519-522.
    • (1985) Acta Physiol Scand , vol.123 , pp. 519-522
    • Wigström, H.1    Gustafsson, B.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.