Glutathione and γ-glutamylcysteine in the antioxidant and survival functions of mitochondria

Biochemical Society Transactions

Volumn 41, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 106-110

  Quintana Cabrera, Ruben ^a   Bolaños, Juan P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SALAMANCA   (Spain)

Author keywords

glutamylcysteine; Glutathione; Mitochondrion; Reactive oxygen species

Indexed keywords

ANTIOXIDANT; GAMMA GLUTAMYLCYSTEINE; GLUTAMATE CYSTEINE LIGASE; GLUTATHIONE; GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE 1; GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASE; MANGANESE PEROXIDASE; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR; NITRIC OXIDE; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; REDUCED NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE; S NITROSOGLUTATHIONE;

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; CATABOLISM; CELL DIVISION; CELL PROTECTION; CELL RESPIRATION; CELL SURVIVAL; CONFERENCE PAPER; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME INACTIVATION; EXTRACELLULAR SPACE; FLUIDIZATION; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME; MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE; MITOCHONDRION; NERVE DEGENERATION; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS;

ANIMALS; ANTIOXIDANTS; DIPEPTIDES; GLUTATHIONE; HUMANS; MITOCHONDRIA;

EID: 84873182560     PISSN: 03005127     EISSN: 14708752     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1042/BST20120252     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (48)

1. Murphy, M. P. (2009) How mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species. Biochem. J. 417, 1-13
2. Green, D. R., Galluzzi, L. and Kroemer, G (2011) Mitochondria and the autophagy-inflammation-cell death axis in organismal aging. Science 333, 1109-1112
3. Poyton, R. O., Ball, K. A. and Castello, P. R. (2009) Mitochondrial generation of free radicals and hypoxic signaling. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 20, 332-340
4. D'Autreaux, B and Toledano, M. B. (2007) ROS as signalling molecules: mechanisms that generate specificity in ROS homeostasis. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 8, 813-824 (Pubitemid 47462134)
5. Brand, M. D. (2010) The sites and topology of mitochondrial superoxide production. Exp. Gerontol. 45, 466-472
6. Temple, M. D., Perrone, G. G. and Dawes, I. W. (2005) Complex cellular responses to reactive oxygen species. Trends Cell Biol. 15, 319-326 (Pubitemid 40805328)
7. Toppo, S., Flohe, L., Ursini, F., Vanin, S. and Maiorino, M. (2009) Catalytic mechanisms and specificities of glutathione peroxidases: variations of a basic scheme. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1790, 1486-1500
8. Mari, M., Morales, A., Colell, A., Garcia-Ruiz, C. and Fernandez-Checa, J. C. (2009) Mitochondrial glutathione, a key survival antioxidant. Antioxid. Redox Signaling 11, 2685-2700
9. Schriner, S. E., Linford, N. J., Martin, G. M., Treuting, P., Ogburn, C. E., Emond, M., Coskun, P. E., Ladiges, W., Wolf, N. and Van, R. H. (2005) Extension of murine life span by overexpression of catalase targeted to mitochondria. Science 308, 1909-1911 (Pubitemid 40941874)
10. Rebrin, I., Bayne, A. C., Mockett, R. J., Orr, W. C. and Sohal, R. S. (2004) Free aminothiols, glutathione redox state and protein mixed disulphides in aging Drosophila melanogaster. Biochem. J. 382, 131-136 (Pubitemid 39141574)
11. Dringen, R. (2000) Metabolism and functions of glutathione in brain. Prog. Neurobiol. 62, 649-671 (Pubitemid 30407139)
12. Wu, G., Fang, Y. Z., Yang, S., Lupton, J. R. and Turner, N. D. (2004) Glutathione metabolism and its implications for health. J. Nutr. 134, 489-492 (Pubitemid 38298485)
13. Njalsson, R. (2005) Glutathione synthetase deficiency. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 62, 1938-1945 (Pubitemid 41261841)
14. Dalton, T. P., Chen, Y., Schneider, S. N., Nebert, D. W. and Shertzer, H. G. (2004) Genetically altered mice to evaluate glutathione homeostasis in health and disease. Free Radical Biol. Med. 37, 1511-1526 (Pubitemid 39349798)
15. Lu, S. C. (2009) Regulation of glutathione synthesis. Mol. Aspects Med. 30, 42-59
16. Lash, L. H. (2006) Mitochondrial glutathione transport: physiological, pathological and toxicological implications. Chem.-Biol. Interact. 163, 54-67 (Pubitemid 44572210)
17. Fahey, R. C., Newton, G. L., Arrick, B., Overdank-Bogart, T. and Aley, S. B. (1984) Entamoeba histolytica: a eukaryote without glutathione metabolism. Science 224, 70-72 (Pubitemid 14171643)
18. Veeravalli, K., Boyd, D., Iverson, B. L., Beckwith, J. and Georgiou, G. (2011) Laboratory evolution of glutathione biosynthesis reveals natural compensatory pathways. Nat. Chem. Biol. 7, 101-105
19. Winkler, A., Njalsson, R., Carlsson, K., Elgadi, A., Rozell, B., Abraham, L., Ercal, N., Shi, Z. Z., Lieberman, M. W., Larsson, A. and Norgren, S (2011) Glutathione is essential for early embryogenesis: analysis of a glutathione synthetase knockout mouse. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 412, 121-126
20. Dalton, T. P., Dieter, M. Z., Yang, Y., Shertzer, H. G. and Nebert, D. W. (2000) Knockout of the mouse glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (Gclc) gene: embryonic lethal when homozygous, and proposed model for moderate glutathione deficiency when heterozygous. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 279, 324-329 (Pubitemid 32016716)
21. Diaz-Hernandez, J. I., Almeida, A., Delgado-Esteban, M., Fernandez, E. and Bolanos, J. P. (2005) Knockdown of glutamate-cysteine ligase by small hairpin RNA reveals that both catalytic and modulatory subunits are essential for the survival of primary neurons. J. Biol. Chem. 280, 38992-39001 (Pubitemid 41713849)
22. Jo, S. H., Son, M. K., Koh, H. J., Lee, S. M., Song, I. H., Kim, Y. O., Lee, Y. S., Jeong, K. S., Kim, W. B., Park, J. W. et al. (2001) Control of mitochondrial redox balance and cellular defense against oxidative damage by mitochondrial NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 16168-16176
23. Wadey, A. L., Muyderman, H., Kwek, P. T. and Sims, N. R. (2009) Mitochondrial glutathione uptake: characterization in isolated brain mitochondria and astrocytes in culture. J. Neurochem. 109(Suppl. 1), 101-108
24. Kurosawa, K., Hayashi, N., Sato, N., Kamada, T. and Tagawa, K. (1990) Transport of glutathione across the mitochondrial membranes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 167, 367-372 (Pubitemid 20085393)
25. Zimmermann, A. K., Loucks, F. A., Schroeder, E. K., Bouchard, R. J., Tyler, K. L. and Linseman, D. A. (2007) Glutathione binding to the Bcl-2 homology-3 domain groove: a molecular basis for Bcl-2 antioxidant function at mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 282, 29296-29304 (Pubitemid 350043369)
26. Herrero-Mendez, A., Almeida, A., Fernandez, E., Maestre, C., Moncada, S. and Bolanos, J. P. (2009) The bioenergetic and antioxidant status of neurons is controlled by continuous degradation of a key glycolytic enzyme by APC/C-Cdh1. Nat. Cell Biol. 11, 747-752
27. Celsi, F., Pizzo, P., Brini, M., Leo, S., Fotino, C., Pinton, P. and Rizzuto, R. (2009) Mitochondria, calcium and cell death: a deadly triad in neurodegeneration. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1787, 335-344
28. Heales, S. J. and Bolanos, J. P. (2002) Impairment of brain mitochondrial function by reactive nitrogen species: the role of glutathione in dictating susceptibility. Neurochem. Int. 40, 469-474 (Pubitemid 34159147)
29. Muyderman, H., Nilsson, M. and Sims, N. R. (2004) Highly selective and prolonged depletion of mitochondrial glutathione in astrocytes markedly increases sensitivity to peroxynitrite. J. Neurosci. 24, 8019-8028 (Pubitemid 39280821)
30. Liang, H., Ran, Q., Jang, Y. C., Holstein, D., Lechleiter, J., McDonald-Marsh, T., Musatov, A., Song, W., Van, R. H. and Richardson, A. (2009) Glutathione peroxidase 4 differentially regulates the release of apoptogenic proteins from mitochondria. Free Radical Biol. Med. 47, 312-320
31. Yant, L. J., Ran, Q., Rao, L., Van, R. H., Shibatani, T., Belter, J. G., Motta, L., Richardson, A. and Prolla, T. A. (2003) The selenoprotein GPX4 is essential for mouse development and protects from radiation and oxidative damage insults. Free Radical Biol. Med. 34, 496-502 (Pubitemid 36140174)
32. Jowsey, I. R., Thomson, R. E., Orton, T. C., Elcombe, C. R. and Hayes, J. D. (2003) Biochemical and genetic characterization of a murine class Kappa glutathione S-transferase. Biochem. J. 373, 559-569 (Pubitemid 36897858)
33. Garcia-Ruiz, C and Fernandez-Checa, J. C. (2007) Redox regulation of hepatocyte apoptosis. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 22(Suppl. 1), S38-S42 (Pubitemid 46848988)
34. Garcia, J., Han, D., Sancheti, H., Yap, L. P., Kaplowitz, N. and Cadenas, E. (2010) Regulation of mitochondrial glutathione redox status and protein glutathionylation by respiratory substrates. J. Biol. Chem. 285, 39646-39654
35. Go, Y. M. and Jones, D. P. (2008) Redox compartmentalization in eukaryotic cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1780, 1273-1290
36. Kloppel, C., Suzuki, Y., Kojer, K., Petrungaro, C., Longen, S., Fiedler, S., Keller, S. and Riemer, J. (2011) Mia40-dependent oxidation of cysteines in domain I of Ccs1 controls its distribution between mitochondria and the cytosol. Mol. Biol. Cell 22, 3749-3757
37. Kumar, C., Igbaria, A., D'Autreaux, B., Planson, A. G., Junot, C., Godat, E., Bachhawat, A. K., Delaunay-Moisan, A. and Toledano, M. B. (2011) Glutathione revisited: a vital function in iron metabolism and ancillary role in thiol-redox control. EMBO J. 30, 2044-2056
38. Casagrande, S., Bonetto, V., Fratelli, M., Gianazza, E., Eberini, I., Massignan, T., Salmona, M., Chang, G., Holmgren, A. and Ghezzi, P. (2002) Glutathionylation of human thioredoxin: a possible crosstalk between the glutathione and thioredoxin systems. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 99, 9745-9749 (Pubitemid 34831118)
39. Quintana-Cabrera, R., Fernandez-Fernandez, S., Bobo-Jimenez, V., Escobar, J., Sastre, J., Almeida, A. and Bolanos, J. P. (2012) β-Glutamylcysteine detoxifies reactive oxygen species by acting as glutathione peroxidase-1 cofactor. Nat. Commun. 3, 718
40. Grant, C. M., MacIver, F. H. and Dawes, I. W. (1997) Glutathione synthetase is dispensable for growth under both normal and oxidative stress conditions in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to an accumulation of the dipeptide β-glutamylcysteine. Mol. Biol. Cell 8, 1699-1707 (Pubitemid 27411135)
41. Ristoff, E. and Larsson, A. (2002) Oxidative stress in inborn errors of metabolism: lessons from glutathione deficiency. J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 25, 223-226 (Pubitemid 34700313)
42. Faulkner, M. J., Veeravalli, K., Gon, S., Georgiou, G. and Beckwith, J. (2008) Functional plasticity of a peroxidase allows evolution of diverse disulfide-reducing pathways. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 105, 6735-6740 (Pubitemid 351754576)
43. Ayer, A., Tan, S. X., Grant, C. M., Meyer, A. J., Dawes, I. W. and Perrone, G. G. (2010) The critical role of glutathione in maintenance of the mitochondrial genome. Free Radical Biol. Med. 49, 1956-1968
44. Bien, M., Longen, S., Wagener, N., Chwalla, I., Herrmann, J. M. and Riemer, J. (2010) Mitochondrial disulfide bond formation is driven by intersubunit electron transfer in Erv1 and proofread by glutathione. Mol. Cell 37, 516-528
45. Le, M. N., Clement, G., Le, M. S., Tacnet, F. and Toledano, M. B. (2006) The Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteome of oxidized protein thiols: contrasted functions for the thioredoxin and glutathione pathways. J. Biol. Chem. 281, 10420-10430 (Pubitemid 43864581)
46. Shen, D., Dalton, T. P., Nebert, D. W. and Shertzer, H. G. (2005) Glutathione redox state regulates mitochondrial reactive oxygen production. J. Biol. Chem. 280, 25305-25312 (Pubitemid 40962232)
47. Hu, J., Dong, L. and Outten, C. E. (2008) The redox environment in the mitochondrial intermembrane space is maintained separately from the cytosol and matrix. J. Biol. Chem. 283, 29126-29134
48. Jones, D. P. and Go, Y. M. (2010) Redox compartmentalization and cellular stress. Diabetes, Obes. Metab. 12(Suppl. 2), 116-125