Synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles

Frontiers of Nanoscience

Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 35-79

  Salas, Gorka ^a,b   Costo, Rocío ^a   del Puerto Morales, María ^a  

^a INSTITUTO DE CIENCIA DE MATERIALES DE MADRID   (Spain)

^b INSTITUTO MADRILEÑO DE ESTUDIOS AVANZADOS EN NANOCIENCIA IMDEA NANOCIENCIA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

INORGANIC NANOPARTICLE;

SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

EID: 84872761914     PISSN: 18762778     EISSN: 1876276X     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-415769-9.00002-9     Document Type: Chapter

References (281)

1. Pileni MP. Metal particles made in various colloidal self-assemblies: syntheses and properties. In: Sugimoto T, editor. Fine particles: synthesis, characterization, and mechanism of growth. Surfactant science series, vol. 92. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 2000. pp. 497-511.
2. Leubner IH. Particle nucleation and growth models. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2000;5:151-9.
3. Schladt TD, Schneider K, Schild H, Tremel W. Synthesis and bio-functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles for medical diagnosis and treatment. Dalton Trans 2011;40:6315-43.
4. Lamer VK, Dinegar RH. Theory, production and mechanism of formation of monodispersed hydrosols. J Am Chem Soc 1950;72:4847-54.
5. Everett DH. Basic principles of colloid science. London: Royal Society of Chemistry; 1988.
6. Kluijtmans SGJM, Dhont JKG, Philipse AP. A light-scattering contrast-variation study of bicontinuous porous glass media. Langmuir 1997;13:4976-9.
7. Cahn JW, Hilliard JE. Spinodal decomposition: a reprise. Acta Metal 1971;19:151-61.
8. Dirksen JA, Ring TA. Fundamentals of crystallization: kinetic effects on particle size distributions and morphology. Chem Eng Sci 1991;46:2389-427.
9. Viswanatha R, Santra P, Dasgupta C, Sarma D. Growth mechanism of nanocrystals in solution: ZnO, a case study. Phys Rev Lett 2007;98:98-101.
10. Ocaña M, Rodriguez-Clemente R, Serna CJ. Uniform colloidal particles in solution: formation mechanisms. Adv Mater 1995;7:212-6.
11. Morales MP, González-Carreño T, Serna CJ. Formation of Fe2O3 monodispersed particles in solution. J Mater Res 1992;7:2538-45.
12. Philipse A. Particulate colloids: aspects of preparation and characterization. In: Lyklema J, editor. Fundamentals of interface and colloid science, vol. 4. London: Elsevier Ltd.; 2005. pp. 2.1-2.71 Chapter 2.
13. Lee J, Isobe T, Senna M. Preparation of ultrafine Fe3O4 particles by precipitation in the presence of PVA at high pH. J Colloid Interface Sci 1996;177:490-4.
14. 3 nanoparticles. Chem Mater 1999;11:3058-64.
15. Cozzoli PD, Pellegrino T, Manna L. Synthesis, properties and perspectives of hybrid nanocrystal structures. Chem Soc Rev 2006;35:1195-208.
16. Cheon J, Kang N-J, Lee S-M, Lee J-H, Yoon J-H, Oh SJ. Shape evolution of single-crystalline iron oxide nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 2004;126:1950-1.
17. Tao AR, Habas S, Yang P. Shape control of colloidal metal nanocrystals. Small 2008;4:310-25.
18. Cheng C, Gonela RK, Gu Q, Haynie DT. Self-assembly of metallic nanowires from aqueous solution. Nano Lett 2005;5:175-8.
19. Wang J, Zeng C. Growth of SrFe12O19 nanowires under an induced magnetic field. J Cryst Growth 2004;270:729-33.
20. Fuertes AB, Sevilla M, Valdes-Solis T, Tartaj P. Templated synthesis of mesoporous superparamagnetic polymers. Chem Mater 2007;19:5418-23.
21. Pileni MP, Tanori J, Filankembo A. Biomimetic strategies for the control of size, shape and self-organization of nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 1997;123-124:561-73.
22. Sugimoto T, Matijevic E. Formation of uniform spherical magnetite particles by crystallization from ferrous hydroxide gels. J Colloid Interface Sci 1980;74:227-43.
23. Tada M, Hatanaka S, Sanbonsugi H, Matsushita N, Abe M. Method for synthesizing ferrite nanoparticles 30 nm in diameter on neutral pH condition for biomedical applications. J Appl Phys 2003;93:7566-8.
24. Vergés MA, Costo R, Roca AG, Marco JF, Goya GF, Serna CJ, et al. Uniform and water stable magnetite nanoparticles with diameters around the monodomain-multidomain limit. J Phys D: Appl Phys 2008;41:134003.
25. Jolivet JP, Tronc E, Chanéac C. Synthesis of iron oxide- and metal-based nanomaterials. Eur Phys J Appl Phys 2000;10:167-72.
26. Massart R. Preparation of aqueous magnetic liquids in alkaline and acidic media. IEEE Trans Magn 1981;17:1247-8.
27. Vayssie'res L, Chanéac C, Tronc E, Jolivet J. Size tailoring of magnetite particles formed by aqueous precipitation: an example of thermodynamic stability of nanometric oxide particles. J Colloid Interface Sci 1998;205:205-12.
28. Langevin D. Micelles and microemulsions. Annu Rev Phys Chem 1992;43:341-69.
29. Fiévet F, Lagier J, Blin B, Beaudoin B, Figlarz M. Homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleations in the polyol process for the preparation of micron and submicron size metal particles. Solid State Ion 1989;32-33:198-205.
30. Hyeon T, Lee SS, Park J, Chung Y, Na HB. Synthesis of highly crystalline and monodisperse maghemite nanocrystallites without a size-selection process. J Am Chem Soc 2001;123:12798-801.
31. Rockenberger J, Scher EC, Alivisatos AP. A new nonhydrolytic single-precursor approach to surfactant-capped nanocrystals of transition metal oxides. J Am Chem Soc 1999;121:11595-6.
32. Sun S, Zeng H. Size-controlled synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2002;124:8204-5.
33. Bomatí-Miguel O, Morales MP, Tartaj P, Ruiz-Cabello J, Bonville P, Santos M, et al. Febased nanoparticulate metallic alloys as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Biomaterials 2005;26:5695-703.
34. Kwon SG, Piao Y, Park J, Angappane S, Jo Y, Hwang N-M, et al. Molecular orbital theory study on surface complex structures of phosphates to iron hydroxides: calculation of vibrational frequencies and adsorption energies. J Am Chem Soc 2007;129:12571-84.
35. Sun S, Zeng H, Robinson DB, Raoux S, Rice PM, Wang SX, et al. Monodisperse MFe2O4 (M = Fe, Co, Mn) nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2004;126:273-9.
36. Martelli S, Mancini A, Giorgi R, Alexandrescu R, Cojocaru S, Crunteanu A, et al. Production of iron-oxide nanoparticles by laser-induced pyrolysis of gaseous precursors. Appl Surf Sci 2000;154:353-9.
37. Morjan I, Alexandrescu R, Soare I, Dumitrache F, Sandu I, Voicu I, et al. Nanoscale powders of different iron oxide phases prepared by continuous laser irradiation of iron pentacarbonyl- containing gas precursors. Mater Sci Eng C 2003;23:211-6.
38. Teja AS, Koh P-Y. Synthesis, properties, and applications of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Prog Cryst Growth Charact Mater 2009;55:22-45.
39. Marques R, Garcia C, Lecante P, Ribeiro S, Noe L, Silva N, et al. Electro-precipitation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in ethanol. J Magn Magn Mater 2008;320:2311-5.
40. Cabrera L, Gutierrez S, Menendez N, Morales M, Herrasti P. Electrochemical synthesis and characterization. Electrochim Acta 2007;53:3436-41.
41. Figuerola A, Corato RD, Manna L, Pellegrino T. From iron oxide nanoparticles towards advanced iron-based inorganic materials designed for biomedical applications. Pharmacol Res 2010;62:126-43.
42. Sun C, Lee JSH, Zhang M. Magnetic nanoparticles in MR imaging and drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2008;60:1252-65.
43. Lu A-H, Salabas EL, Schüth F. Magnetic nanoparticles: synthesis, protection, functionalization, and application. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007;46:1222-44.
44. Namiki Y, Namiki T, Yoshida H, Ishii Y, Tsubota A, Koido S, et al. A novel magnetic crystal- lipid nanostructure for magnetically guided in vivo gene delivery. Nat Nanotechnol 2009;4:598-606.
45. Dias AMGC, Hussain A, Marcos AS, Roque ACA. A biotechnological perspective on the application of iron oxide magnetic colloids modified with polysaccharides. Biotechnol Adv 2011;29:142-55.
46. Kim J, Piao Y, Hyeon T. Multifunctional nanostructured materials for multimodal imaging, and simultaneous imaging and therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2009;38:372-90.
47. Jun Y-W, Lee J-H, Cheon J. Chemical design of nanoparticle probes for high-performance magnetic resonance imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008;47:5122-35.
48. Cheon J, Lee J-H. Synergistically integrated nanoparticles as multimodal probes for nanobiotechnology. Acc Chem Res 2008;41:1630-40.
49. Lefort J. Mémoire sur les oxydes ferroso-ferriques et leur combinaisons. C R Hebd Seances Acad Sci 1852;T34:488-91.
50. Lefort J. Mémoire sur l'oxyde de fer magnétique et ses combinaisons salines. C R Hebd Seances Acad Sci 1869;T69:179-80.
51. Jolivet J-P, Froidefond C, Pottier A, Chanéac C, Cassaignon S, Tronc E, et al. Size tailoring of oxide nanoparticles by precipitation in aqueous medium. A semi-quantitative modelling. J Mater Chem 2004;14:3281-8.
52. Massart R, Dubois E, Cabuil V, Hasmonay E. Preparation and properties of monodisperse magnetic fluids. J Magn Magn Mater 1995;149:1-5.
53. Welo LA, Baudisch O. Active Iron. II. Relationships among the oxide hydrates and oxides of iron and some of their properties. Chem Rev 1934;15:45-97.
54. Lesieur S, Grabielle-Madelmont C, Ménager C, Cabuil V, Dadhi D, Pierrot P, et al. Evidence of surfactant-induced formation of transient pores in lipid bilayers by using magnetic- fluid-loaded liposomes. J Am Chem Soc 2003;125:5266-7.
55. Kim DK, Mikhaylova M, Zhang Y, Muhammed M. Protective coating of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Chem Mater 2003;15:1617-27.
56. Liu X, Guan Y, Ma Z, Liu H. Surface modification and characterization of magnetic polymer nanospheres prepared by miniemulsion polymerization. Langmuir 2004;20:10278-82.
57. Jolivet JP, Vayssieres L, Chaneac C, Tronc E. Precipitation of spinel iron oxide: nanoparticle size control. MRS Proc 1996;432:145-50.
58. Costo R, Bello V, Robic C, Port M, Marco JF, Morales MP, et al. Ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications: improving the colloidal and magnetic properties. Langmuir 2012;28:178-85.
59. Molday RS, Mackenzie D. Immunospecific ferromagnetic iron-dextran reagents for the labeling and magnetic separation of cells. J Immunol Methods 1982;52:353-67.
60. Vandenberghe RE, Vanleerberghe R, Grave ED, Robbrecht G. Preparation and magnetic properties of ultra-fine cobalt ferrites. J Magn Magn Mater 1980;15-18:1117-8.
61. Tamura H, Matijevic E. Precipitation of cobalt ferrites. J Colloid Interface Sci 1982;90:100-9.
62. Veverka M, Veverka P, Kaman O, Lančok A, Závěta K, Pollert E, et al. Magnetic heating by cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 2007;18:345704.
63. Sato T, Iijima T, Seki M, Inagaki N. Magnetic properties of ultrafine ferrite particles. J Magn Magn Mater 1987;65:252-6.
64. Tourinho FA, Franck R, Massart R. Aqueous ferrofluids based on manganese and cobalt ferrites. J Mater Sci 1990;25:3249-54.
65. Chen Q, Rondinone AJ, Chakoumakos BC, Zhang ZJ. Synthesis of superparamagnetic MgFe2O4 nanoparticles by coprecipitation. J Magn Magn Mater 1999;194:1-7.
66. Regazzoni AE, Matijević E. Formation of spherical colloidal nickel ferrite particles as model corrosion products. Corrosion 1982;38:212-8.
67. Schuele WJ, Deetscreek VD. Preparation, growth, and study of ultrafine ferrite particles. J Appl Phys 1961;32:S235-S236.
68. Portehault D, Cassaignon S, Baudrin E, Jolivet J-P. Structural and morphological control of manganese oxide nanoparticles upon soft aqueous precipitation through MnO4-/Mn2+ reaction. J Mater Chem 2009;19:2407-16.
69. Sinkó K, Szabó G, Zrínyi M. Liquid-phase synthesis of cobalt oxide nanoparticles. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011;11:4127-35.
70. de la Fuente JM, Alcantara D, Penades S. Cell response to magnetic glyconanoparticles: does the carbohydrate matter? IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2007;6:275-81.
71. Philipse AP, van Bruggen MPB, Pathmamanoharan C. Magnetic silica dispersions: preparation and stability of surface-modified silica particles with a magnetic core. Langmuir 1994;10:92-9.
72. Fauconnier N, Pons J, Roger J, Bee A. Thiolation of maghemite nanoparticles by dimercaptosuccinic acid. J Colloid Interface Sci 1997;194:427-33.
73. Yan J, Mo S, Nie J, Chen W, Shen X, Hu J, et al. Hydrothermal synthesis of monodisperse Fe3O4 nanoparticles based on modulation of tartaric acid. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2009;340:109-14.
74. Wang X, Zhuang J, Peng Q, Li Y. A general strategy for nanocrystal synthesis. Nature 2005;437:121-4.
75. Park S. Preparation of iron oxides using ammonium iron citrate precursor: thin films and nanoparticles. J Solid State Chem 2009;182:2456-60.
76. Cheng W, Tang K, Qi Y, Sheng J, Liu Z. One-step synthesis of superparamagnetic monodisperse porous Fe3O4 hollow and core-shell spheres. J Mater Chem 2010;20:1799-805.
77. Grene JM, Bernhardt P, Leuvrey C, Rogez G, Pasteur L. Hydrothermal synthesis of monodisperse magnetite nanoparticles. Chem Mater 2006;18:4399-404.
78. Ge J-P, Xu S, Zhuang J, Wang X, Peng Q, Li Y-D. Synthesis of CdSe, ZnSe, and ZnxCd1-xSe nanocrystals and their silica sheathed core/shell structures. Inorg Chem 2006;45:4922-7.
79. Liang X, Wang X, Zhuang J, Chen Y, Wang D, Li Y. Synthesis of nearly monodisperse iron oxide and oxyhydroxide nanocrystals. Adv Funct Mater 2006;16:1805-13.
80. Zhang F, Li J, Shan J, Xu L, Zhao D. Shape, size, and phase-controlled rare-earth fluoride nanocrystals with optical up-conversion properties. Chem Eur J 2009;15:11010-9.
81. Taniguchi T, Nakagawa K, Watanabe T, Matsushita N, Yoshimura M. Hydrothermal growth of fatty acid stabilized iron oxide nanocrystals. J Phys Chem C 2009;113:839-43.
82. Li X-H, Xu C-L, Han X-H, Qiao L, Wang T, Li F-S. Synthesis and magnetic properties of nearly monodisperse CoFe2O4 nanoparticles through a simple hydrothermal condition. Nanoscale Res Lett 2010;5:1039-44.
83. 4 nanoparticles. J Nanopart Res 2011;13:5021-31.
84. Drofenik M, Kristl M, Žnidaršič A, Hanžel D, Lisjak D. Hydrothermal synthesis of Ba-hexaferrite nanoparticles. J Am Ceram Soc 2007;90:2057-61.
85. Primc D, Makovec D, Lisjak D, Drofenik M. Hydrothermal synthesis of ultrafine barium hexaferrite nanoparticles and the preparation of their stable suspensions. Nanotechnology 2009;20:315605.
86. Inouye K, Endo R, Otsuka Y, Miyashiro K, Kaneko K, Ishikawa T. Oxygenation of ferrous ions in reversed micelle and reversed microemulsion. J Phys Chem 1982;86:1465-9.
87. Gobe M, Kon-No K, Kandori K, Kitahara A. Preparation and characterization of monodisperse magnetite sols in W/O microemulsion. J Colloid Interface Sci 1983;93:293-5.
88. López-Quintela M, Rivas J. Chemical reactions in microemulsions: a powerful method to obtain ultrafine particles. J Colloid Interface Sci 1993;158:446-51.
89. Feltin N, Pileni MP. New technique for synthesizing iron ferrite magnetic nanosized particles. Langmuir 1997;13:3927-33.
90. Moumen N, Veillet P, Pileni M. Controlled preparation of nanosize cobalt ferrite magnetic particles. J Magn Magn Mater 1995;149:67-71.
91. Moumen N, Lisiecki I, Pileni M, Briois V. Micellar factors which play a role in the control of the nanosize particles of cobalt ferrite. Supramolecular Sci 1995;2:161-8.
92. Moumen N, Pileni MP. Control of the size of cobalt ferrite magnetic fluid. J Phys Chem 1996;100:1867-73.
93. Moumen N, Pileni MP. New syntheses of cobalt ferrite particles in the range 2-5 nm: comparison of the magnetic properties of the nanosized particles in dispersed fluid or in powder form. Chem Mater 1996;8:1128-34.
94. Liu C, Rondinone AJ, Zhang ZJ. Synthesis of magnetic spinel ferrite CoFe2O4 nanoparticles from ferric salt and characterization of the size-dependent superparamagnetic properties. Pure Appl Chem 2000;72:37-45.
95. Liu C, Zou B, Rondinone AJ, Zhang ZJ. Reverse micelle synthesis and characterization of superparamagnetic MnFe2O4 spinel ferrite nanocrystallites. J Phys Chem B 2000;104:1141-5.
96. Lee Y, Lee J, Bae CJ, Park J-G, Noh H-J, Park J-H, et al. Large-scale synthesis of uniform and crystalline magnetite nanoparticles using reverse micelles as nanoreactors under reflux conditions. Adv Funct Mater 2005;15:503-9.
97. Dresco PA, Zaitsev VS, Gambino RJ, Chu B. Preparation and properties of magnetite and polymer magnetite nanoparticles. Langmuir 1999;15:1945-51.
98. Carpenter EE, Seip CT, O'Connor CJ. Magnetism of nanophase metal and metal alloy particles formed in ordered phases. J Appl Phys 1999;85:5184-6.
99. Carpenter EE, Sangregorio C, O'Connor CJ. Effects of shell thickness on blocking temperature of nanocomposites of metal particles with gold shells. IEEE Trans Magn 1999;35:3496-8.
100. Carpenter EE. Iron nanoparticles as potential magnetic carriers. J Magn Magn Mater 2001;225:17-20.
101. Viau G, Fiévet-Vincent F, Fiévet F. Monodisperse iron-based particles: precipitation in liquid polyols. J Mater Chem 1996;6:1047-53.
102. Hegde M, Larcher D, Dupont L, Beaudoin B, Tekaia-Elheissen K, Tarascón J. Synthesis and chemical reactivity of polyol prepared monodisperse nickel powders. Solid State Ion 1996;93:33-50.
103. Elumalai P. Synthesis and characterization of sub-micron size Co-Ni alloys using malonate as precursor. Mater Res Bull 2002;37:353-63.
104. Jeyadevan B, Hobo A, Urakawa K, Chinnasamy CN, Shinoda K, Tohji K. Towards direct synthesis of fct-FePt nanoparticles by chemical route. J Appl Phys 2003;93:7574-6.
105. Saravanan P, Jose TA, Thomas PJ, Kulkarni GU. Submicron particles of Co, Ni and Co-Ni alloys. Bull Mater Sci 2001;24:515-21.
106. Yu W, Wang Y, Liu H, Zheng W. Preparation and characterization of polymer-protected PtCo bimetallic colloids and their catalytic properties in the selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde. J Mol Catal A Chem 1996;112:105-13.
107. Joseyphus RJ, Shinoda K, Kodama D, Jeyadevan B. Size controlled Fe nanoparticles through polyol process and their magnetic properties. Mater Chem Phys 2010;123:487-93.
108. Joseyphus R, Kodama D, Matsumoto T, Sato Y, Jeyadevan B, Tohji K. Role of polyol in the synthesis of Fe particles. J Magn Magn Mater 2007;310:2393-5.
109. Cai W, Wan J. Facile synthesis of superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles in liquid polyols. J Colloid Interface Sci 2007;305:366-70.
110. Gonçalves RH, Cardoso CA, Leite ER. Synthesis of colloidal magnetite nanocrystals using high molecular weight solvent. J Mater Chem 2010;20:1167-72.
111. Huang H, Xie Q, Kang M, Zhang B, Zhang H, Chen J, et al. Labeling transplanted mice islet with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for in vivo detection by magnetic resonance imaging. Nanotechnology 2009;20:365101.
112. Das M, Dhak P, Gupta S, Mishra D, Maiti TK, Basak A, et al. Highly biocompatible and water-dispersible, amine functionalized magnetite nanoparticles, prepared by a low temperature, air-assisted polyol process: a new platform for bio-separation and diagnostics. Nanotechnology 2010;21:125103.
113. Zhao L, Zhang H, Xing Y, Song S, Yu S, Shi W, et al. Morphology-controlled synthesis of magnetites with nanoporous structures and excellent magnetic properties. Chem Mater 2008;20:198-204.
114. Ammar S, Helfen A, Jouini N, Fiévet F, Rosenman I, Villain F, et al. Magnetic properties of ultrafine cobalt ferrite particles synthesized by hydrolysis in a polyol medium. J Mater Chem 2001;11:186-92.
115. Jungk H, Feldmann C. Nonagglomerated, submicron a-Fe2O3 particles: preparation and application. J Mater Res 2000;15:2244-8.
116. Levy M, Quarta A, Espinosa A, Figuerola A, Wilhelm C, García-Hernández M, et al. Correlating magneto-structural properties to hyperthermia performance of highly monodisperse iron oxide nanoparticles prepared by a seeded-growth route. Chem Mater 2011;23:4170-80.
117. Luigjes B, Woudenberg SMC, Groot RD, Meeldijk JD, Galvis HMT, Jong KPD, et al. Diverging geometric and magnetic size distributions of iron oxide nanocrystals. J Phys Chem C 2011;115:14598-605.
118. Bronstein LM, Huang X, Retrum J, Schmucker A, Pink M, Stein BD, et al. Influence of iron oleate complex structure on iron oxide nanoparticle formation. Chem Mater 2007;19:3624-32.
119. Sun S, Murray CB. Synthesis of monodisperse cobalt nanocrystals and their assembly into magnetic superlattices. J Appl Phys 1999;85:4325-30.
120. Dumestre F, Chaudret B, Amiens C, Renaud P, Fejes P. Superlattices of iron nanocubes synthesized from Fe[N(SiMe3)2]2. Science 2004;303:821-3.
121. Hess PH, Parker PH. Polymers for stabilization of colloidal cobalt particles. J Appl Polym Sci 1966;10:1915-27.
122. Griffiths H, Horo MPO, Smith TW. The structure, magnetic characterization, and oxidation of colloidal iron dispersions. J Appl Phys 1979;50:7108-15.
123. Butter K. Synthesis and properties of iron ferrofluids. J Magn Magn Mater 2002;252:1-3.
124. Dinega DP, Bawendi MG. A solution-phase chemical approach to a new crystal structure of cobalt. Angew Chem Int Ed 1999;38:1788-91.
125. Puntes VF, Krishnan KM, Alivisatos P. Synthesis, self-assembly, and magnetic behavior of a two-dimensional superlattice of single-crystal e-Co nanoparticles. Appl Phys Lett 2001;78:2187.
126. Farrell D, Majetich SA, Wilcoxon JP. Preparation and characterization of monodisperse Fe nanoparticles. J Phys Chem B 2003;107:11022-30.
127. Samia ACS, Hyzer K, Schlueter JA, Qin C-J, Jiang JS, Bader SD, et al. Ligand effect on the growth and the digestion of Co nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 2005;127:4126-7.
128. Lacroix L-M, Huls NF, Ho D, Sun X, Cheng K, Sun S. Stable single-crystalline body centered cubic Fe nanoparticles. Nano Lett 2011;11:1641-5.
129. Bonnemann H. A size-selective synthesis of air stable colloidal magnetic cobalt nanoparticles. Inorg Chim Acta 2003;350:617-24.
130. Margeat O, Dumestre F, Amiens C, Chaudret B, Lecante P, Respaud M. Synthesis of iron nanoparticles: size effects, shape control and organisation. Prog Solid State Chem 2005;33:71-9.
131. Lacroix L-M, Lachaize S, Falqui A, Blon T, Carrey J, Respaud M, et al. Ultrasmall iron nanoparticles: effect of size reduction on anisotropy and magnetization. J Appl Phys 2008;103:07D521.
132. Lacroix L-M, Lachaize S, Falqui A, Respaud M, Chaudret B. Iron nanoparticle growth in organic superstructures. J Am Chem Soc 2009;131:549-57.
133. Sun S. Monodisperse FePt nanoparticles and ferromagnetic FePt nanocrystal superlattices. Science 2000;287:1989-92.
134. Chen M, Nikles DE. Synthesis of spherical FePd and CoPt nanoparticles. J Appl Phys 2002;91:8477-9.
135. Shevchenko EV, Talapin DV, Rogach AL, Kornowski A, Haase M, Weller H. Colloidal synthesis and self-assembly of CoPt3 nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 2002;124:11480-5.
136. Redl FX, Black CT, Papaefthymiou GC, Sandstrom RL, Yin M, Zeng H, et al. Magnetic, electronic, and structural characterization of nonstoichiometric iron oxides at the nanoscale. J Am Chem Soc 2004;126:14583-99.
137. Park J, Lee E, Hwang N-M, Kang M, Kim SC, Hwang Y, et al. One-nanometer-scale sizecontrolled synthesis of monodisperse magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005;44:2872-7.
138. Palchoudhury S, An W, Xu Y, Qin Y, Zhang Z, Chopra N, et al. Synthesis and growth mechanism of iron oxide nanowhiskers. Nano Lett 2011;11:1141-6.
139. Jana NR, Chen Y, Peng X. Size-and shape-controlled magnetic (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) oxide nanocrystals via a simple and general approach. Chem Mater 2004;16:3931-5.
140. Bao N, Shen L, Wang Y, Padhan P, Gupta A. A facile thermolysis route to monodisperse ferrite nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 2007;129:12374-5.
141. Kang E, Park J, Hwang Y, Kang M, Park J-G, Hyeon T. Direct synthesis of highly crystalline and monodisperse manganese ferrite nanocrystals. J Phys Chem B 2004;108:13932-5.
142. Yu WW, Falkner JC, Yavuz CT, Colvin VL. Synthesis of monodisperse iron oxide nanocrystals by thermal decomposition of iron carboxylate salts. Chem Commun 2004;2306-7.
143. Park J, An K, Hwang Y, Park J-G, Noh H-J, Kim J-Y, et al. Ultra-large-scale syntheses of monodisperse nanocrystals. Nat Mater 2004;3:891-5.
144. Kovalenko MV, Bodnarchuk MI, Lechner RT, Hesser G, Schäffler F, Heiss W. Fatty acid salts as stabilizers in size- and shape-controlled nanocrystal synthesis: the case of inverse spinel iron oxide. J Am Chem Soc 2007;129:6352-3.
145. Bronstein LM, Atkinson JE, Malyutin AG, Kidwai F, Stein BD, Morgan DG, et al. Nanoparticles by decomposition of long chain iron carboxylates: from spheres to stars and cubes. Langmuir 2011;27:3044-50.
146. Xu Z, Shen C, Hou Y, Gao H, Sun S. Oleylamine as both reducing agent and stabilizer in a facile synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles. Chem Mater 2009;21:1778-80.
147. Kikuchi T, Kasuya R, Endo S, Nakamura A, Takai T, Metzler-Nolte N, et al. Preparation of magnetite aqueous dispersion for magnetic fluid hyperthermia. J Magn Magn Mater 2011;323:1216-22.
148. Song Q, Zhang ZJ. Shape control and associated magnetic properties of spinel cobalt ferrite nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 2004;126:6164-8.
149. Li Z, Chen H, Bao H, Gao M. One-pot reaction to synthesize water-soluble magnetite nanocrystals. Chem Mater 2004;16:1391-3.
150. Vargas JM, Zysler RD. Tailoring the size in colloidal iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 2005;16:1474-6.
151. Pinna N, Grancharov S, Beato P, Bonville P, Antonietti M, Niederberger M. Magnetite nanocrystals: nonaqueous synthesis, characterization, and solubility. Chem Mater 2005;17:3044-9.
152. Li Z, Sun Q, Gao M. Preparation of water-soluble magnetite nanocrystals from hydrated ferric salts in 2-pyrrolidone: mechanism leading to Fe3O4. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2004;44:123-6.
153. Li Y, Afzaal M, O'Brien P. The synthesis of amine-capped magnetic (Fe, Mn, Co, Ni) oxide nanocrystals and their surface modification for aqueous dispersibility. J Mater Chem 2006;16:2175-80.
154. Liu H-L, Ko SP, Wu J-H, Jung M-H, Min JH, Lee JH, et al. One-pot polyol synthesis of monosize PVP-coated sub-5nm Fe3O4 nanoparticles for biomedical applications. J Magn Magn Mater 2007;310:e815-e817.
155. Li Z, Wei L, Gao MY, Lei H. One-pot reaction to synthesize biocompatible magnetite nanoparticles. Adv Mater 2005;17:1001-5.
156. Roca AG, Veintemillas-Verdaguer S, Port M, Robic C, Serna CJ, Morales MP. Effect of nanoparticle and aggregate size on the relaxometric properties of MR contrast agents based on high quality magnetite nanoparticles. J Phys Chem B 2009;113:7033-9.
157. Miguel-Sancho N, Bomatí-Miguel O, Colom G, Salvador J, Marco M, Santamaría J. Development of stable, water-dispersible, and biofunctionalizable superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Chem Mater 2011;23:2795-802.
158. Nikolic MS, Krack M, Aleksandrovic V, Kornowski A, Förster S, Weller H. Tailor-made ligands for biocompatible nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006;45:6577-80.
159. Fauconnier N, Roger J, Pons JN. Synthesis of aqueous magnetic liquids complexation of maghemite nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 1999;83:233-42.
160. Rǎcuciu M, Creangǎ DE, Airinei A. Citric-acid-coated magnetite nanoparticles for biological applications. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2006;21:117-21.
161. Srivastava S, Awasthi R, Gajbhiye NS, Agarwal V, Singh A, Yadav A, et al. Innovative synthesis of citrate-coated superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and its preliminary applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011;359:104-11.
162. Barreto JA, O'Malley W, Kubeil M, Graham B, Stephan H, Spiccia L. Nanomaterials: applications in cancer imaging and therapy. Adv Mater 2011;23:H18-H40.
163. Graf C, Vossen DLJ, Imhof A, van Blaaderen A. A general method to coat colloidal particles with silica. Langmuir 2003;19:6693-700.
164. Kim J, Kim HS, Lee N, Kim T, Kim H, Yu T, et al. Multifunctional uniform nanoparticles composed of a magnetite nanocrystal core and a mesoporous silica shell for magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging and for drug delivery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008;47:8438-41.
165. Salgueiriño-Maceira V, Liz-Marzán LM, Farle M. Water-based ferrofluids from FexPt1-x nanoparticles synthesized in organic media. Langmuir 2004;20:6946-50.
166. Thorek DLJ, Chen AK, Czupryna J, Tsourkas A. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle probes for molecular imaging. Ann Biomed Eng 2006;34:23-38.
167. McBain SC, Yiu HHP, El Haj A, Dobson J. Polyethyleneimine functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles as agents for DNA delivery and transfection. J Mater Chem 2007;17:2561-5.
168. Mok H, Veiseh O, Fang C, Kievit FM, Wang FY, Park JO, et al. pH-sensitive siRNA nanovector for targeted gene silencing and cytotoxic effect in cancer cells. Mol Pharm 2010;7:1930-9.
169. Koch AM, Reynolds F, Kircher MF, Merkle HP, Weissleder R, Josephson L. Uptake and metabolism of a dual fluorochrome Tat-nanoparticle in HeLa cells. Bioconjug Chem 2003;14:1115-21.
170. Chertok B, David AE, Yang VC. Polyethyleneimine-modified iron oxide nanoparticles for brain tumor drug delivery using magnetic targeting and intra-carotid administration. Biomaterials 2010;31:6317-24.
171. Zhu R, Jiang W, Pu Y, Luo K, Wu Y, He B, et al. Functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles with peptide dendrimers. J Mater Chem 2011;21:5464-74.
172. Herranz F, Morales MP, Roca AG, Desco M, Ruiz-Cabello J. A new method for the rapid synthesis of water stable superparamagnetic nanoparticles. Chem Eur J 2008;14:9126-30.
173. Shen L, Laibinis PE, Hatton TA. Bilayer surfactant stabilized magnetic fluids: synthesis and interactions at interfaces. Langmuir 1999;15:447-53.
174. Pellegrino T, Manna L, Kudera S, Liedl T, Koktysh D, Rogach AL, et al. Hydrophobic nanocrystals coated with an amphiphilic polymer shell: a general route to water soluble nanocrystals. Nano Lett 2004;4:703-7.
175. Cannon WR, Danforth SC, Flint JH, Haggerty JS, Marra RA. Sinterable ceramic powders from laser-driven reactions. 1. Process description and modeling. J Am Ceram Soc 1982;65:324-30.
176. Bomati-Miguel O, Morales MP, Serna CJ, Veintemillas-Verdaguer S. Magnetic nanoparticles prepared by laser pyrolysis. IEEE Trans Magn 2002;38:2616-8.
177. Swihart MT. Vapor phase synthesis of nanoparticles. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2003;8:127-33.
178. Hofmeister H, Huisken F, Kohn B, Alexandrescu R, Cojocaru S, Crunteanu A, et al. Filamentary iron nanostructures from laser-induced pyrolysis of iron pentacarbonyl and ethylene mixtures. Appl Phys A 2001;72:7-11.
179. Dumitrache F, Morjan I, Alexandrescu R, Ciupina V, Prodan G, Voicu I, et al. Iron-iron oxide core-shell nanoparticles synthesized by laser pyrolysis followed by superficial oxidation. Appl Surf Sci 2005;247:25-31.
180. Bomatí-Miguel O, Tartaj P, Morales MP, Bonville P, Golla-Schindler U, Zhao XQ, et al. Core-shell iron-iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized by laser-induced pyrolysis. Small 2006;2:1476-783.
181. Hochbaum AI, Chen R, Delgado RD, Liang W, Garnett EC, Najarian M, et al. Enhanced thermoelectric performance of rough silicon nanowires. Nature 2008;451:163-7.
182. Contreras-Cáceres R, Pacifico J, Pastoriza-Santos I, Pérez-Juste J, Fernández-Barbero A, Liz-Marzán LM. AupNIPAM thermosensitive nanostructures: control over shell crosslinking, overall dimensions, and core growth. Adv Funct Mater 2009;19:3070-6.
183. Poudyal N, Chaubey GS, Nandwana V, Rong C-B, Yano K, Liu JP. Synthesis of FePt nanorods and nanowires by a facile method. Nanotechnology 2008;19:355601.
184. Dumestre F, Chaudret B, Amiens C, Fromen M-C, Casanove M-J, Renaud P, et al. Shape control of thermodynamically stable cobalt nanorods through organometallic chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002;41:4286-9.
185. Cordente N, Respaud M, Senocq F, Casanove M-J, Amiens C, Chaudret B. Synthesis and magnetic properties of nickel nanorods. Nano Lett 2001;1:565-8.
186. Mathur S, Barth S, Werner U, Hernandez-Ramirez F, Romano-Rodriguez A. Chemical vapor growth of one-dimensional magnetite nanostructures. Adv Mater 2008;20:1550-4.
187. Ji R, Lee W, Scholz R, Gösele U, Nielsch K. Monocrystalline spinel nanotube fabrication based on the Kirkendall effect. Nat Mater 2006;5:627-31.
188. Jia C-J, Sun L-D, Yan Z-G, Pang Y-C, You L-P. Iron oxide tube-in-tube nanostructures. J Phys Chem C 2007;111:13022-7.
189. Chin KC, Chong GL, Poh CK, Van LH, Sow CH, Lin J, et al. Large-scale synthesis of Fe3O4 nanosheets at low temperature. J Phys Chem C 2007;111:9136-41.
190. Kim D, Lee N, Park M, Kim BH, An K, Hyeon T. Synthesis of uniform ferrimagnetic magnetite nanocubes. J Am Chem Soc 2009;131:454-5.
191. Peng S, Sun S. Synthesis and characterization of monodisperse hollow Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007;46:4155-8.
192. Rebolledo AF, Laurent S, Calero M, Villanueva A, Knobel M, Marco JF, et al. Iron oxide nanosized clusters embedded in porous nanorods: a new colloidal design to enhance capabilities of MRI contrast agents. ACS Nano 2010;4:2095-103.
193. Rebolledo AF, Bomatí-Miguel O, Marco JF, Tartaj P. A facile synthetic route for the preparation of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanorods and nanorices with tunable surface functionality. Adv Mater 2008;20:1760-5.
194. Caruso F. Nanoengineering of inorganic and hybrid hollow spheres by colloidal templating. Science 1998;282:1111-4.
195. Kim S-W, Kim M, Lee WY, Hyeon T. Fabrication of hollow palladium spheres and their successful application to the recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for Suzuki coupling reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2002;124:7642-3.
196. Zhang X, Li D. Metal-compound-induced vesicles as efficient directors for rapid synthesis of hollow alloy spheres. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006;45:5971-4.
197. Yin Y, Rioux RM, Erdonmez CK, Hughes S, Somorjai GA, Alivisatos AP. Formation of hollow nanocrystals through the nanoscale Kirkendall effect. Science 2004;304:711-4.
198. George C, Dorfs D, Bertoni G, Falqui A, Genovese A, Pellegrino T, et al. A cast-mold approach to iron oxide and Pt/iron oxide nanocontainers and nanoparticles with a reactive concave surface. J Am Chem Soc 2011;133:2205-17.
199. Tartaj P. Superparamagnetic composites: magnetism with no memory. Eur J Inorg Chem 2009;2009:333-43.
200. Bourgeat-Lami E, Lang J. Encapsulation of inorganic particles by dispersion polymerization in polar media. J Colloid Interface Sci 1999;210:281-9.
201. Herrera AP, Barrera C, Rinaldi C. Synthesis and functionalization of magnetite nanoparticles with aminopropylsilane and carboxymethyldextran. J Mater Chem 2008;18:3650-4.
202. Arruebo M, Fernández-Pacheco R, Velasco B, Marquina C, Arbiol J, Irusta S, et al. Antibodyfunctionalized hybrid superparamagnetic nanoparticles. Adv Funct Mater 2007;17:1473-9.
203. Aslam M, Fu L, Li S, Dravid VP. Silica encapsulation and magnetic properties of FePt nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2005;290:444-9.
204. Tartaj P, Serna CJ. Synthesis of monodisperse superparamagnetic Fe/silica nanospherical composites. J Am Chem Soc 2003;125:15754-5.
205. Lee DC, Mikulec FV, Pelaez JM, Koo B, Korgel BA. Synthesis and magnetic properties of silica-coated FePt nanocrystals. J Phys Chem B 2006;110:11160-6.
206. Chang C-L, Fogler HS. Controlled formation of silica particles from tetraethyl orthosilicate in nonionic water-in-oil microemulsions. Langmuir 1997;13:3295-307.
207. Arriagada F, Osseo-Asare K. Synthesis of nanosize silica in a nonionic water-in-oil microemulsion: effects of the water/surfactant molar ratio and ammonia concentration. J Colloid Interface Sci 1999;211:210-20.
208. Tartaj P, González-Carreño T, Serna CJ. Synthesis of nanomagnets dispersed in colloidal silica cages with applications in chemical separation. Langmuir 2002;18:4556-8.
209. Lee J, Yang J, Ko H, Oh S, Kang J, Son J, et al. Multifunctional magnetic gold nanocomposites: human epithelial cancer detection via magnetic resonance imaging and localized synchronous therapy. Adv Funct Mater 2008;18:258-64.
210. Ruiz-Hernández E, López-Noriega A, Arcos D, Izquierdo-Barba I, Terasaki O, Vallet-Regí M. Aerosol-assisted synthesis of magnetic mesoporous silica spheres for drug targeting. Chem Mater 2007;19:3455-63.
211. Taboada E, Solanas R, Rodríguez E, Weissleder R, Roig A. Supercritical-fluid-assisted one-pot synthesis of biocompatible core(g-Fe2O3)/shell(SiO2) nanoparticles as high relaxivity T2-contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Adv Funct Mater 2009;19:2319-24.
212. Malvindi MA, Greco A, Conversano F, Figuerola A, Corti M, Bonora M, et al. Magnetic/silica nanocomposites as dual-mode contrast agents for combined magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography. Adv Funct Mater 2011;21:2548-55.
213. Fuertes AB, Valde T, Sevilla M, Tartaj P. Fabrication of monodisperse mesoporous carbon capsules decorated with ferrite nanoparticles. J Phys Chem C 2008;112:3648-54.
214. Boncel S, Müller KH, Skepper JN, Walczak KZ, Koziol KKK. Tunable chemistry and morphology of multi-wall carbon nanotubes as a route to non-toxic, theranostic systems. Biomaterials 2011;32:7677-86.
215. Borowiak-Palen E, Mendoza E, Bachmatiuk A, Rummeli M, Gemming T, Nogues J, et al. Iron filled single-wall carbon nanotubes-a novel ferromagnetic medium. Chem Phys Lett 2006;421:129-33.
216. Panczyk T, Warzocha TP, Camp PJ. Enhancing the control of a magnetically capped molecular nanocontainer: Monte Carlo studies. J Phys Chem C 2011;115:7928-38.
217. Hirsch LR, Stafford RJ, Bankson JA, Sershen SR, Rivera B, Price RE, et al. Nanoshellmediated near-infrared thermal therapy of tumors under magnetic resonance guidance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003;100:13549-54.
218. Kim J, Park S, Lee JE, Jin SM, Lee JH, Lee IS, et al. Designed fabrication of multifunctional magnetic gold nanoshells and their application to magnetic resonance imaging and photothermal therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006;45:7754-8.
219. Cho S-J, Idrobo J-C, Olamit J, Liu K, Browning ND, Kauzlarich SM, et al. Growth mechanisms and oxidation resistance of gold-coated iron nanoparticles. Chem Mater 2005;17:3181-6.
220. Caruntu D, Cushing BL, Caruntu G, Connor CJO. Attachment of gold nanograins onto colloidal magnetite nanocrystals. Chem Mater 2005;17:3398-402.
221. Vestal CR, Zhang ZJ. Atom transfer radical polymerization synthesis and magnetic characterization of MnFe2O4/polystyrene core/shell nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2002;124:14312-3.
222. Matsuno R, Yamamoto K, Otsuka H, Takahara A. Polystyrene-grafted magnetite nanoparticles prepared through surface-initiated nitroxyl-mediated radical polymerization. Chem Mater 2003;15:3-5.
223. Lim J, Eggeman A, Lanni F, Tilton RD, Majetich SA. Synthesis and single-particle optical detection of low-polydispersity plasmonic-superparamagnetic nanoparticles. Adv Mater 2008;20:1721-6.
224. Lim JK, Majetich SA, Tilton RD. Stabilization of superparamagnetic iron oxide core-gold shell nanoparticles in high ionic strength media. Langmuir 2009;25:13384-93.
225. Spuch-Calvar M, Rodríguez-Lorenzo L, Morales MP, Álvarez-Puebla RA, Liz-Marzán LM. Bifunctional nanocomposites with long-term stability as SERS optical accumulators for ultrasensitive analysis. J Phys Chem C 2009;113:3373-7.
226. Wang L, Luo J, Fan Q, Suzuki M, Suzuki IS, Engelhard MH, et al. Monodispersed coreshell Fe3O4Au nanoparticles. J Phys Chem B 2005;109:21593-601.
227. de la Presa P, Rueda T, Morales MP, Hernando A. Ligand exchange in gold-coated FePt nanoparticles. IEEE Trans Magn 2008;44:2816-9.
228. Yu H, Chen M, Rice PM, Wang SX, White RL, Sun S. Dumbbell-like bifunctional Au- Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Nano Lett 2005;5:379-82.
229. Mandal SK, Lequeux N, Rotenberg B, Tramier M, Fattaccioli J, Bibette J, et al. Encapsulation of magnetic and fluorescent nanoparticles in emulsion droplets. Langmuir 2005;21:4175-9.
230. Mandal S. Fluorescent magnetic emulsion droplets: potential material for multiplexed optical coding of biomolecules. J Magn Magn Mater 2007;311:88-91.
231. Yi DK, Selvan ST, Lee SS, Papaefthymiou GC, Kundaliya D, Ying JY. Silica-coated nanocomposites of magnetic nanoparticles and quantum dots. J Am Chem Soc 2005;127:4990-1.
232. Salgueiriño-Maceira V, Correa-Duarte MA, Spasova M, Liz-Marzán LM, Farle M. Composite silica spheres with magnetic and luminescent functionalities. Adv Funct Mater 2006;16:509-14.
233. Lee J, Lee Y, Youn JK, Na HB, Yu T, Kim H, et al. Simple synthesis of functionalized superparamagnetic magnetite/silica core/shell nanoparticles and their application as magnetically separable high-performance biocatalysts. Small 2008;4:143-52.
234. Gaponik N, Radtchenko IL, Sukhorukov GB, Rogach AL. Luminescent polymer microcapsules addressable by a magnetic field. Langmuir 2004;20:1449-52.
235. Xie H-Y, Zuo C, Liu Y, Zhang Z-L, Pang D-W, Li X-L, et al. Cell-targeting multifunctional nanospheres with both fluorescence and magnetism. Small 2005;1:506-9.
236. Zebli B, Susha AS, Sukhorukov GB, Rogach AL, Parak WJ. Magnetic targeting and cellular uptake of polymer microcapsules simultaneously functionalized with magnetic and luminescent nanocrystals. Langmuir 2005;21:4262-5.
237. Hong X, Li J, Wang M, Xu J, Guo W, Li J, et al. Fabrication of magnetic luminescent nanocomposites by a layer-by-layer self-assembly approach. Chem Mater 2004;16:4022-7.
238. Roullier V, Marchi-Artzner V, Cador O, Dorson F, Aubert T, Cordier S, et al. Synthesis and characterisation of magnetic-luminescent composite colloidal nanostructures. Int J Nanotechnol 2010;7:46-57.
239. Insin N, Tracy JB, Lee H, Zimmer JP, Westervelt RM, Bawendi MG. Incorporation of iron oxide nanoparticles and quantum dots into silica microspheres. ACS Nano 2008;2:197-202.
240. Song E-Q, Hu J, Wen C-Y, Tian Z-Q, Yu X, Zhang Z-L, et al. Fluorescent-magnetic-biotargeting multifunctional nanobioprobes for detecting and isolating multiple types of tumor cells. ACS Nano 2011;5:761-70.
241. Skumryev V, Stoyanov S, Zhang Y, Hadjipanayis G, Givord D, Nogués J. Beating the superparamagnetic limit with exchange bias. Nature 2003;423:19-22.
242. López-Ortega A, Tobia D, Winkler E, Golosovsky IV, Salazar-Alvarez G, Estradé S, et al. Size-dependent passivation shell and magnetic properties in antiferromagnetic/ferrimagnetic core/shell MnO nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2010;132:9398-407.
243. Mariño-Fernández R, Masunaga SH, Fontaíña-Troitiño N, Morales MP, Rivas J, Salgueirino V. Goethite (a-FeOOH) nanorods as suitable antiferromagnetic substrates. J Phys Chem C 2011;115:13991-9.
244. Golosovsky I, Salazar-Alvarez G, López-Ortega A, González M, Sort J, Estrader M, et al. Magnetic proximity effect features in antiferromagnetic/ferrimagnetic core-shell nanoparticles. Phys Rev Lett 2009;102:1-4.
245. Zeng H, Li J, Wang ZL, Liu JP, Sun S. Bimagnetic core/shell FePt/Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Nano Lett 2004;4:187-90.
246. Taylor-Pashow KML, Della Rocca J, Huxford RC, Lin W. Hybrid nanomaterials for biomedical applications. Chem Commun 2010;46:5832-49.
247. Howes P, Green M, Bowers A, Parker D, Varma G, Kallumadil M, et al. Magnetic conjugated polymer nanoparticles as bimodal imaging agents. J Am Chem Soc 2010;132:9833-42.
248. Ge Y, Zhang Y, He S, Nie F, Teng G, Gu N. Fluorescence modified chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles for high-efficient cellular imaging. Nanoscale Res Lett 2009;4:287-95.
249. Xiao Q, Xiao C. Preparation and characterization of silica-coated magnetic-fluorescent bifunctional microspheres. Nanoscale Res Lett 2009;4:1078-84.
250. Di Corato R, Piacenza P, Musaro' M, Buonsanti R, Cozzoli PD, Zambianchi M, et al. Magnetic- fluorescent colloidal nanobeads: preparation and exploitation in cell separation experiments. Macromol Biosci 2009;9:952-8.
251. Sukhorukov GB, Rogach AL, Garstka M, Springer S, Parak WJ, Muñoz-Javier A, et al. Multifunctionalized polymer microcapsules: novel tools for biological and pharmacological applications. Small 2007;3:944-55.
252. Martina M-S, Fortin J-P, Ménager C, Clément O, Barratt G, Grabielle-Madelmont C, et al. Generation of superparamagnetic liposomes revealed as highly efficient MRI contrast agents for in vivo imaging. J Am Chem Soc 2005;127:10676-85.
253. Soenen SJH, Hodenius M, de Cuyper M. Magnetoliposomes: versatile innovative nanocolloids for use in biotechnology and biomedicine. Nanomedicine 2009;4:177-91.
254. Meyre M-E, Raffard G, Franconi J-M, Duguet E, Lambert O, Faure C. Production of magnetic multilamellar liposomes as highly T2-efficient MRI contrast agents. Nanomed Nanotechnol Biol Med 2011;7:18-21.
255. De Cuyper M, Soenen SJH. Weissig V, editor. Methods in molecular biology, vol. 605. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2010. pp. 97-111.
256. Shinkai M, Suzuki M, Iijima S, Kobayashi T. Antibody-conjugated magnetoliposomes for targeting cancer cells and their application in hyperthermia. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 1995;21:125-37.
257. Ito A, Ino K, Kobayashi T, Honda H. The effect of RGD peptide-conjugated magnetite cationic liposomes on cell growth and cell sheet harvesting. Biomaterials 2005;26:6185-93.
258. Lesieur S, Gazeau F, Luciani N, Ménager C, Wilhelm C. Multifunctional nanovectors based on magnetic nanoparticles coupled with biological vesicles or synthetic liposomes. J Mater Chem 2011;21:14387-93.
259. Caruso F. Nanoengineering of particle surfaces. Adv Mater 2001;13:11-22.
260. De Cock LJ, de Koker S, de Geest BG, Grooten J, Vervaet C, Remon JP, et al. Polymeric multilayer capsules in drug delivery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010;49:6954-73.
261. Srivastava S, Kotov NA. Composite Layer-by-Layer (LBL) assembly with inorganic nanoparticles and nanowires. Acc Chem Res 2008;41:1831-41.
262. Abbasi AZ, Guti L, Mercato LL, Herranz F, Chubykalo-Fesenko O, Veintemillas- Verdaguer S, et al. Magnetic capsules for NMR imaging: effect of magnetic nanoparticles spatial distribution and aggregation. J Phys Chem C 2011;115:6257-64.
263. Morales MP, Bédard MF, Roca AG, de la Presa P, Hernando A, Zhang F, et al. Relaxation times of colloidal iron platinum in polymer matrixes. J Mater Chem 2009;19:6381-6.
264. Kim J, Lee JE, Lee SH, Yu JH, Lee JH, Park TG, et al. Designed fabrication of a multifunctional polymer nanomedical platform for simultaneous cancer-targeted imaging and magnetically guided drug delivery. Adv Mater 2008;20:478-83.
265. Chanteau B, Fresnais J, Berret J-F. Electrosteric enhanced stability of functional sub-10 nm cerium and iron oxide particles in cell culture medium. Langmuir 2009;25:9064-70.
266. Liu T-Y, Liu K-H, Liu D-M, Chen S-Y, Chen I-W. Temperature-sensitive nanocapsules for controlled drug release caused by magnetically triggered structural disruption. Adv Funct Mater 2009;19:616-23.
267. Jain TK, Richey J, Strand M, Leslie-Pelecky DL, Flask CA, Labhasetwar V. Magnetic nanoparticles with dual functional properties: drug delivery and magnetic resonance imaging. Biomaterials 2008;29:4012-21.
268. Rubio-Retama J, Zafeiropoulos NE, Serafinelli C, Rojas-Reyna R, Voit B, Cabarcos EL, et al. Synthesis and characterization of thermosensitive PNIPAM microgels covered with superparamagnetic gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Langmuir 2007;23:10280-5.
269. Echeverria C, Mijangos C. UCST-like hybrid PAAm-AA/Fe3O4 microgels, effect of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on morphology, thermosensitivity and elasticity. Langmuir 2011;27:8027-35.
270. Jaganathan H, Gieseck RL, Ivanisevic A. Transverse relaxivity changes after layer-by-layer encapsulation of multicomponent DNA templated nanostructures. J Phys Chem C 2010;114:22508-13.
271. Boussif O, Lezoualc'h F, Zanta MA, Mergny MD, Scherman D, Demeneix B, et al. A versatile vector for gene and oligonucleotide transfer into cells in culture and in vivo: polyethylenimine. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995;92:7297-301.
272. Lee JH, Huh YM, Jun Y, Seo J, Jang J, Song HT, et al. Artificially engineered magnetic nanoparticles for ultra-sensitive molecular imaging. Nat Med 2007;13:95-9.
273. Fresnais J, Ishow E, Sandre O, Berret J-F. Electrostatic co-assembly of magnetic nanoparticles and fluorescent nanospheres: a versatile approach towards bimodal nanorods. Small 2009;5:2533-6.
274. Roullier V, Grasset F, Boulmedais F, Artzner F, Cador O. Small bioactivated magnetic quantum dot micelles. Chem Mater 2008;20:6657-65.
275. Corato RD, Bigall NC, Ragusa A, Dorfs D, Genovese A, Marotta R, et al. Multifunctional nanobeads based on quantum dots and magnetic cell targeting and sorting. ACS Nano 2011;5:1109-21.
276. Herr JK, Smith JE, Medley CD, Shangguan D, Tan W. Aptamer-conjugated nanoparticles for selective collection and detection of cancer cells. Anal Chem 2006;78:2918-24.
277. Nair BG, Nagaoka Y, Morimoto H, Yoshida Y, Maekawa T, Kumar DS. Aptamer conjugated magnetic nanoparticles as nanosurgeons. Nanotechnology 2010;21:455102.
278. Park H, Yang J, Seo S, Kim K, Suh J, Kim D, et al. Multifunctional nanoparticles for photothermally controlled drug delivery and magnetic resonance imaging enhancement. Small 2008;4:192-6.
279. Chen B, Wu W, Wang X. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for tumor-targeted therapy. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2011;11:184-9.
280. Medeiros SF, Santos AM, Fessi H, Elaissari A. Stimuli-responsive magnetic particles for biomedical applications. Int J Pharm 2011;403:139-61.
281. Kami D, Takeda S, Itakura Y, Gojo S, Watanabe M, Toyoda M. Application of magnetic nanoparticles to gene delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2011;12:3705-22.